Hazing, Fraternity Abuse & Campus Accountability: A Complete Guide for Burkburnett, Texas Families

A Parent’s Worst Nightmare: When Campus “Tradition” Turns Dangerous

It’s late on a Thursday night in the fall semester. Your phone rings—it’s your son, a freshman at a Texas university. His voice is strained, almost slurred. He’s calling from a fraternity house where he’s been for hours. “They’re making us drink,” he whispers. “I don’t feel right. My muscles hurt. I can’t stand up.” You hear laughter and chanting in the background before the line goes dead. For families in Burkburnett, Wichita Falls, and across Wichita County, this nightmare scenario is not just theoretical—it’s happening right now on Texas campuses.

We’re writing this guide because hazing isn’t a thing of the past. It’s not just “boys being boys” or harmless initiation. In 2025, hazing continues to hospitalize, permanently injure, and sometimes kill Texas students. Right now, we’re fighting one of the most serious hazing cases in Texas history—the Leonel Bermudez lawsuit against the University of Houston and Pi Kappa Phi fraternity—where a student developed life-threatening rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure after being forced through brutal physical hazing. His urine turned brown. He was hospitalized for four days. And this didn’t happen in some distant state—it happened right here in Texas, at a major public university.

If you’re a parent in Burkburnett, Iowa Park, or anywhere in Wichita County, this guide is for you. Whether your child attends nearby Midwestern State University in Wichita Falls, commutes to Texas A&M University–Commerce, or has traveled to University of Houston, Texas A&M in College Station, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor, you need to know what modern hazing looks like, how Texas law protects (or fails to protect) students, and what legal options exist when universities and fraternities fail in their duty to keep students safe.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES

If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

Call 911 for medical emergencies
Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
We provide immediate help—that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

In the first 48 hours:

Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
and severe, sudden muscle pain can signal life-threatening rhabdomyolysis
Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
- Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
- Photograph injuries from multiple angles
- Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects used in hazing)
Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
Do NOT:
- Confront the fraternity/sorority directly
- Sign anything from the university or insurance company
- Post details on public social media
- Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
Universities move quickly to control the narrative
We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

What Hazing Really Looks Like in 2025: Beyond the Stereotypes

The Modern Definition: It’s Not Just “Pranks”

Hazing in 2025 has evolved far beyond the stereotypical paddlings and silly costumes. Today, it’s a sophisticated system of control, humiliation, and abuse that often hides behind the language of “tradition,” “brotherhood,” or “team building.” Under Texas law (Education Code Chapter 37), hazing means any intentional, knowing, or reckless act—on or off campus—directed against a student that endangers mental or physical health or safety for purposes of initiation, affiliation, or maintaining membership in any organization.

What Burkburnett families need to understand most crucially: “Consent” is not a defense in Texas. Even if your child “agreed” to participate, even if they signed a waiver, even if they said “I want to be part of this”—none of that matters legally if the activity meets the definition of hazing. The law recognizes that true consent is impossible when there’s peer pressure, fear of exclusion, and power imbalance between pledges and full members.

The Five Categories of Modern Hazing

1. Alcohol and Substance Hazing (The Most Deadly)

Forced consumption games: “Century Club” (100 shots of beer), “Big/Little” nights with handles of liquor, “family tree” drinking rituals
Coerced drug use: Being pressured to consume unknown substances, participating in drug-based initiations
Medical reality: Alcohol poisoning deaths don’t require advanced drinking—a 150-pound student can die from consuming 8-10 shots in one hour

2. Physical Hazing (Beyond “Exercise”)

Extreme calisthenics: “Smokings” with hundreds of push-ups, wall sits until collapse, forced runs in extreme weather
Physical assaults: Paddling, punching, “tackling” rituals like the “glass ceiling” that killed Michael Deng
Environmental torture: Sleep deprivation, food/water restriction, exposure to extreme cold or heat
Medical emergency: The Leonel Bermudez case shows how extreme exercise can cause rhabdomyolysis—severe muscle breakdown that floods the kidneys with toxins, leading to acute kidney failure

3. Psychological and Humiliation Hazing

Verbal abuse: Systematic degradation, “roasts” designed to break down self-esteem
Public humiliation: Forced embarrassing acts in public, degrading costumes, social media shaming
Isolation tactics: Cutting off contact with family and non-member friends
Digital control: 24/7 group chat monitoring, mandatory immediate responses, location tracking

4. Sexualized Hazing

Forced nudity or partial nudity: Lineups in underwear, “roasted pig” positions
Simulated sexual acts: “Elephant walks,” forced sexualized posing
Coerced sexual activity: Actual sexual assault under guise of initiation
Texas reality: These acts often trigger Title IX investigations alongside hazing claims

5. Digital Hazing (The New Frontier)

Social media challenges: Forced embarrassing TikTok videos, Instagram story dares
Group chat terror: Constant demands, sleep disruption via notifications, public shaming in digital spaces
Evidence paradox: While digital hazing causes real harm, it also creates permanent evidence trails

Where Hazing Happens: It’s Not Just Fraternities

Burkburnett families should be aware that hazing extends far beyond Greek life:

Fraternities and Sororities (IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, multicultural organizations)
Corps of Cadets / ROTC at Texas A&M and other military-style programs
Athletic Teams from football to cheerleading—the Northwestern University football scandal shows even elite programs aren’t immune
Spirit and Tradition Groups like Texas Cowboys, Aggie Bonfire (historically), and other campus organizations
Marching Bands and Performance Groups as seen in the Florida A&M case
Academic and Service Organizations where hierarchy and initiation rituals exist

Texas Hazing Law: What Burkburnett Families Need to Know

Texas Education Code Chapter 37: The Foundation

Texas has some of the nation’s most clearly defined hazing statutes. For families in Burkburnett and Wichita County, understanding these laws is crucial:

§ 37.151 Definition: Hazing means any reckless or intentional act that endangers physical or mental health for purposes of initiation or affiliation. Key points:

Location doesn’t matter—on or off campus
Mental harm counts equally with physical harm
“Reckless” is enough—they don’t need to intend harm

§ 37.152 Penalties:

Class B Misdemeanor: Basic hazing (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine)
Class A Misdemeanor: Hazing causing injury requiring medical treatment
State Jail Felony: Hazing causing serious bodily injury or death

§ 37.153 Organizational Liability:

Fraternities, sororities, and other organizations can be criminally prosecuted
Fines up to $10,000 per violation
Organizations can lose campus recognition

§ 37.155 Critical Provision: Consent is NOT a defense. This directly counters the “but they agreed to it” argument.

§ 37.154 Reporter Protection: Good-faith reporters have immunity from liability.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Two Paths to Accountability

Criminal Cases (The State vs. Individuals)

Who brings it: District Attorney or County Attorney
Goal: Punishment (jail, fines, probation)
Typical charges: Hazing, furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, manslaughter in deaths
Reality: Many hazing cases plead down to misdemeanors, but felony charges are possible for serious injuries

Civil Cases (Your Family vs. Responsible Parties)

Who brings it: Victims and families
Goal: Compensation and accountability
Claims: Negligence, gross negligence, wrongful death, negligent supervision, premises liability, emotional distress
Advantage: Lower burden of proof than criminal cases

Critical Insight: These cases can run simultaneously. A criminal conviction isn’t needed for a civil case, and a civil case can proceed even if no criminal charges are filed.

Federal Law Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024):

Requires colleges receiving federal aid to report hazing transparently
Public hazing databases will be required by 2026
Increases prevention education requirements

Title IX Implications:

When hazing involves sexual harassment or gender-based hostility, Title IX obligations trigger
。(Universities must investigate and take prompt corrective action

Clery Act Requirements:

Hazing incidents that constitute crimes must be included in annual security reports
Creates public records of campus safety issues

Who Can Be Liable: The Chain of Responsibility

When hazing occurs, multiple parties may share liability:

1. Individual Students

Those who planned, executed, or covered up the hazing
Chapter officers with supervisory responsibility

2. Local Chapter/Organization

The fraternity/sorority as a legal entity
Housing corporations that own chapter houses

3. National Fraternity/Sorority Headquarters

Organizations that set policies, receive dues, and supervise chapters
Liability increases when nationals had prior notice of dangerous patterns

4. Universities and Governing Boards

Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) under certain negligence theories
Private universities (SMU, Baylor) with fewer immunity protections
Key factor: What the university knew and when they knew it

5. Third Parties

Property owners/landlords of off-campus houses
Alcohol providers under dram shop laws
Security companies or event organizers

National Hazing Cases: Patterns That Repeat in Texas

Alcohol Poisoning Deaths: The Deadliest Pattern

Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

20-year-old forced to drink entire bottle of alcohol during “Big/Little” night
Died from alcohol poisoning
Outcome: $10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU)
Texas relevance: Pi Kappa Alpha has chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

Max Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (2017)

Pledge forced into “Bible study” drinking game
Wrong answers = forced drinking
Died with 0.495% BAC (six times legal limit)
Outcome: Louisiana passed Max Gruver Act (felony hazing statute)
Texas relevance: Phi Delta Theta has active Texas chapters

Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017)

“Big Brother Night” with handles of hard liquor
Death from acute alcohol poisoning
Outcome: FSU suspended all Greek life temporarily
Texas relevance: Pi Kappa Phi is the fraternity in our current UH lawsuit

Physical Hazing with Deadly Consequences

Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013)

Blindfolded, weighted with backpack, repeatedly tackled during “glass ceiling” ritual
Died from traumatic brain injury; help delayed
Outcome: National fraternity convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter
Precedent: Organizations can face criminal liability, not just individuals

Danny Santulli – University of Missouri, Phi Gamma Delta (2021)

Forced excessive alcohol consumption during “pledge dad reveal”
Suffered permanent, severe brain damage
Cannot walk, talk, or see; requires 24/7 care
Outcome: Settlements with 22 defendants
Texas relevance: Shows non-fatal injuries can be catastrophic

Athletic Program Hazing: Beyond Greek Life

Northwestern University Football (2023–2025)

Former players alleged sexualized, racist hazing within program
Multiple lawsuits against university and staff
Head coach Pat Fitzgerald fired, then settled wrongful-termination suit
Takeaway: Big-money athletic programs can harbor systemic abuse

Texas A&M Corps of Cadets Cases

Multiple lawsuits alleging degrading hazing including “roasted pig” positioning
Demonstrates military-style programs have similar risks to Greek life

What These Cases Mean for Burkburnett Families

Patterns repeat: The same dangerous rituals appear at campus after campus
National organizations know the risks: Their anti-hazing policies exist because of prior tragedies
Delay kills: Waiting to call 911 worsens outcomes and increases liability
Cover-ups compound liability: Destroying evidence creates additional legal exposure
Settlements are substantial: $1M–$14M ranges for deaths, significant amounts for serious injuries

Texas University Focus: Where Burkburnett Families Send Their Kids

Understanding Burkburnett’s Educational Landscape

Families in Burkburnett and Wichita County have diverse educational pathways:

Local/Regional Options:

Midwestern State University (Wichita Falls) – 45 minutes from Burkburnett
Vernon College – Community college with transfer pathways
Texas A&M University–Commerce – 2.5 hours, popular regional choice

Major Texas Universities (Common Destinations):

University of Houston – 5.5 hours, major urban campus
Texas A&M University (College Station) – 5 hours, flagship with massive Greek life
University of Texas at Austin – 5 hours, highly selective with active Greek scene
Texas Tech University (Lubbock) – 3.5 hours, growing Greek community
Baylor University (Waco) – 3.5 hours, private with religious affiliation
Southern Methodist University (Dallas) – 3 hours, private with affluent Greek scene

University of Houston: Current Epicenter of Texas Hazing Litigation

The Leonel Bermudez Case: What Happened

In November 2025, we filed a $10 million lawsuit on behalf of Leonel Bermudez against:

Defendants:

University of Houston
UH System Board of Regents
Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters
Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu housing corporation
13 individual fraternity leaders/members

The Hazing Timeline:

September 2025: Bermudez accepts bid to Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter
September–October: Forced dress codes, mandatory “pledge fanny pack” with humiliating contents (condoms, sex toy, nicotine devices), overnight chauffeuring duties
October 13: Another pledge hog-tied face-down on table with object in mouth for over an hour
November 3: Bermudez forced through 100+ push-ups, 500 squats under threat of expulsion
Multiple dates: Extreme workouts at Yellowstone Boulevard Park, forced consumption of milk/hot dogs/peppercorns until vomiting, immediate sprints after vomiting, lying in vomit-soaked grass, being sprayed in face with hose “similar to waterboarding”
November 6–9: Bermudez’s condition deteriorates; passes brown urine; hospitalized for four days with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure

Medical Catastrophe:

Critically high creatine kinase levels confirming severe muscle breakdown
Acute kidney injury requiring hospitalization
Ongoing risk of permanent kidney damage

Institutional Response:

November 6: Pi Kappa Phi HQ suspends Beta Nu chapter
November 14: Chapter members vote to surrender charter; chapter shut down
UH calls conduct “deeply disturbing,” promises disciplinary action and cooperation with law enforcement

Why This Matters for Burkburnett Families:

It’s happening now: This isn’t historical—it’s current Texas litigation
Multiple liable parties: Universities, nationals, housing corporations, individuals
Severe medical outcomes: Hazing can cause permanent organ damage
Our active involvement: We’re leading this case right now

UH’s Greek Ecosystem

UH hosts approximately 60 fraternity and sorority chapters across:

Interfraternity Council (IFC): 17+ fraternities including Pi Kappa Phi, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Pi Kappa Alpha
Panhellenic Council: 6 sororities
National Pan-Hellenic Council (Divine Nine)
Multicultural Greek Council
United Greek Council

UH Hazing Policy & Reporting

Prohibits hazing on and off campus
Reporting channels: Dean of Students, Office of Student Conduct, UHPD
Weakness: Limited public disclosure of violations compared to UT Austin

How a UH Hazing Case Proceeds

Jurisdiction: Harris County courts, potentially federal court for Title IX claims
Investigating agencies: UHPD, Houston Police Department
Evidence sources: Group chats (GroupMe predominant), security cameras at chapter houses, medical records from Texas Medical Center
Our advantage: Houston-based firm with deep knowledge of local courts and procedures

Texas A&M University: Tradition, Corps, and Greek Life

Campus Culture & Risk Factors

Massive Greek system: 60+ fraternities and sororities
Corps of Cadets: Military-style program with its own hazing history
Traditions: Can normalize risky behaviors under guise of “heritage”

Documented Hazing Incidents

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Chemical Burns Case (2021)

Pledges allegedly covered in substances including industrial-strength cleaner
Severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries
Lawsuit: Pledges sued for $1 million; fraternity suspended two years

Corps of Cadets “Roasted Pig” Case (2023)

Cadet alleged being bound between beds in degrading position with apple in mouth
Sought over $1 million in damages
A&M response: Handled internally under Corps regulations

Recent Rhabdomyolysis Cases

Multiple incidents of extreme physical hazing leading to kidney injury
Pattern similar to UH Pi Kappa Phi case

Texas A&M’s Greek Landscape

Major fraternities with national hazing histories:

Pi Kappa Alpha (Stone Foltz case)
Sigma Alpha Epsilon (multiple national deaths)
Phi Delta Theta (Max Gruver case)
Phi Gamma Delta (Danny Santulli case)

Parent Action Steps for A&M Families

Ask specific questions: “What happens at ‘Big/Little’ night?” not just “Are they hazing?”
Know the warning signs: Extreme exhaustion after “workouts,” unexplained injuries
Document everything: A&M’s size means investigations move slowly
Contact us early: College Station is within our service area; we understand A&M’s unique culture

University of Texas at Austin: Transparency and Ongoing Issues

UT’s Public Hazing Violations Page

UT maintains one of Texas’ most transparent hazing disclosure systems at hazing.utexas.edu. Recent entries include:

Pi Kappa Alpha (2023)

New members directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics
Sanction: Probation, required hazing prevention education
Pattern: Similar to UH case but caught earlier

Texas Wranglers (Spirit Group)

Multiple sanctions for alcohol-related hazing
Demonstrates non-Greek organizations also haze

UT’s Greek Infrastructure

Approximately 60 fraternity/sorority chapters
Strong Panhellenic and IFC presence
Active multicultural Greek councils

UT-Specific Considerations

Location: Austin police department involvement for off-campus incidents
Media scrutiny: Higher profile means cases attract attention
Our capability: Austin office handles Travis County cases

Southern Methodist University: Affluent Greek Culture

SMU’s Distinct Profile

Private university with wealthy student body
Strong Greek identity (approximately 40% participation)
Higher percentage of chapter houses owned by nationals

Documented Incidents

Kappa Alpha Order (2017)

New members reportedly paddled, forced to drink, sleep deprived
Chapter suspended until approximately 2021

SMU’s Risk Factors

Off-campus focus: Many events at expensive Dallas venues
Parental pressure: Some families prioritize Greek affiliation
Alcohol culture: Affluence can mean more expensive, potent alcohol

Legal Considerations for SMU Cases

Private university: Fewer sovereign immunity protections
Dallas jurisdiction: Different court procedures than public universities
National involvement: More likely due to property ownership

Baylor University: Religious Identity and Scrutiny

Baylor’s Complex History

Ongoing fallout from sexual assault scandal
Religious identity creating particular dynamics
Football program scrutiny affecting overall campus climate

Documented Hazing

Baseball Team Hazing (2020)

14 players suspended following investigation
Staggered suspensions throughout season

Baylor’s Greek Life

Smaller Greek percentage than some Texas schools
Religious-affiliated organizations alongside traditional fraternities
Unique dynamics around alcohol and conduct expectations

Considerations for Baylor Families

Title IX overlay: Baylor’s history means heightened sensitivity
Religious context: Different parental expectations and reporting hesitancy
Waco jurisdiction: McLennan County courts, within our service range

The Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine: Public Records Directory

Why This Matters for Burkburnett Families

As part of our hazing litigation practice, we maintain what we call the Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine—a comprehensive database of Texas Greek organizations compiled from public records. This isn’t theoretical research; it’s the actual investigative work we do for clients. When your child is hazed, we don’t start from zero—we already know how to identify every entity behind the fraternity or sorority: local chapters, housing corporations, alumni associations, national headquarters, and their insurance carriers.

Texas Greek Organizations: Public Records Reality

Based on IRS Business Master File data (B83 classification for student sororities/fraternities), Texas has 125+ registered Greek organizations with Employer Identification Numbers, legal names, and mailing addresses. These aren’t just social clubs—they’re legal entities that can be sued, that carry insurance, and that have assets.

Sample IRS B83 Organizations Relevant to Texas Campuses:

University of Houston Area:

Gamma Phi Beta Sorority Inc – EIN 161675890 – The Woodlands, TX 77382
Sigma Phi Epsilon New York Chi Alumni Association Inc – EIN 262710856 – Houston, TX 77007
Zeta Phi Beta Sorority Incorporated – Sigma Gamma Chapter – EIN 392352450 – Houston, TX 77254
Sigma Chi Fraternity Epsilon Xi Chapter – EIN 746084905 – Houston, TX 77204
Beta Nu Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity Housing Corporation Inc – EIN 462267515 – Frisco, TX 75035

Texas A&M Area:

Kappa Sigma – Mu Camma Chapter Inc – EIN 133048786 – College Station, TX 77845
Eta Alpha House Corporation of Kappa Delta Sorority – EIN 742930349 – College Station, TX 77840
Gentlemen of Aggie Tradition – EIN 880537463 – College Station, TX 77845

UT Austin Area:

Chi Omega Fraternity – EIN 740555581 – Austin, TX 78705 (house corporation)
Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity Inc – EIN 741130606 – Austin, TX 78705
Building Corporation of Delta Chapter of Alpha Delta Pi – EIN 746047117 – Austin, TX 78705

Statewide Honor Societies (Often Overlooked):

Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi – Multiple EINs across Texas campuses
These organizations can also be hazing venues and have liability

Metro-Level Greek Presence (Cause IQ Data)

The Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington metro area alone has 510 Greek-related organizations. Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land has 188. Austin-Round Rock has 154. These aren’t abstract numbers—they represent the actual organizational infrastructure behind campus Greek life.

Wichita Falls Metro Area Context:

While smaller than major metros, the Wichita Falls area has documented Greek organizations including:

Gamma Iota Chapter of Gamma Phi Beta Sorority Inc – EIN 751225585 – Wichita Falls, TX 76308
This chapter at Midwestern State University shows even smaller campuses have formal Greek structures

What This Means for Your Case

When we take a hazing case, we use this data to:

Identify all potentially liable entities: Not just the local chapter—the housing corporation, alumni association, national headquarters
Locate insurance coverage: Different entities carry different policies
Establish patterns: If the same national organization has hazing issues elsewhere, that’s relevant to your case
Serve legal papers correctly: Knowing registered agent information saves crucial time

Fraternity and Sorority National Histories: Patterns That Predict Risk

Why National Histories Matter Legally

In negligence law, a key concept is foreseeability. If a national fraternity has had multiple alcohol poisoning deaths at chapters across the country, and then another chapter engages in the same dangerous “Big/Little” drinking ritual, that harm was foreseeable. The national organization knew or should have known the risk. This isn’t just academic—it affects:

Punitive damages: Willful disregard of known dangers
Insurance coverage: Whether conduct was “expected or intended”
Settlement leverage: Nationals with bad histories often settle rather than risk public trial

High-Risk National Organizations with Texas Presence

Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ / “Pike”)

National History:

Stone Foltz death (Bowling Green, 2021) – $10M settlement
David Bogenberger death (Northern Illinois, 2012) – $14M settlement
Multiple other alcohol hazing deaths nationally

Texas Chapters: UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, Texas Tech, many others
Pattern: “Big/Little” drinking nights, forced alcohol consumption

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ / “SAE”)

National History:

Carson Starkey death (Cal Poly, 2008) – foundation established from settlement
Multiple traumatic injury cases including brain injuries
Texas A&M chapter: Chemical burns lawsuit (2021)
UT Austin chapter: Assault lawsuit (2024)

Texas Presence: Virtually every major Texas campus
Pattern: Physical hazing, alcohol coercion, recurring despite national “reforms”

Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ)

National History:

Max Gruver death (LSU, 2017) – led to Louisiana felony hazing law
Multiple other alcohol hazing incidents

Texas Chapters: Most major campuses
Pattern: “Bible study” drinking games, forced consumption rituals

Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ)

National History:

Andrew Coffey death (Florida State, 2017)
Currently: Our active UH lawsuit shows ongoing issues

Texas Presence: UH (now closed), other Texas campuses
Pattern: Physical endurance hazing, alcohol coercion

Phi Gamma Delta (ΦΓΔ / “Fiji”)

National History:

Danny Santulli catastrophic brain injury (Missouri, 2021) – settlements with 22 defendants
Multiple other serious injury cases

Texas Chapters: Most major campuses
Pattern: Extreme drinking rituals, life-altering non-fatal injuries

Sorority Hazing: Often Overlooked but Equally Damaging

While less frequently fatal, sorority hazing causes serious psychological harm:

Patterns include:

Extreme sleep deprivation during “hell week”
Forced calorie restriction or binge eating
Psychological manipulation and degradation
“Big/Little” expectations that create financial strain
Social isolation from non-Greek friends

Legal reality: Sororities have been successfully sued for hazing injuries, and nationals carry liability insurance.

The “Divine Nine” (NPHC Organizations)

Historically Black fraternities and sororities have different traditions but similar risks:

Documented cases include:

Omega Psi Phi lawsuits for physical hazing
Alpha Phi Alpha investigations for pledge abuse
Important: These organizations have national structures and insurance like other Greeks

Building a Hazing Case: Evidence, Strategy, and Damages

Critical Evidence Categories

1. Digital Communications (The Modern Paper Trail)

Platforms to preserve:

GroupMe: #1 fraternity/sorority communication tool
iMessage/SMS group texts
WhatsApp, Signal, Telegram for “secret” communications
Discord servers for larger organizations
Fraternity-specific apps (some nationals provide customized platforms)

Preservation method:

Screenshot FULL threads with timestamps visible
Don’t crop—show authentic context
Back up to cloud storage immediately
Never delete anything, even if embarrassing

Our video resource: Attorney911’s guide to using your phone to document evidence shows proper preservation techniques.

2. Medical Documentation

Immediate steps:

Seek medical care immediately if injured or intoxicated
Tell providers “I was hazed” so it’s documented in records
Request copies of all records:
- ER reports
- Lab results (creatine kinase for rhabdomyolysis, blood alcohol)
- Imaging (X-rays, CT for injuries)
- Discharge instructions

Follow-up care:

Specialist referrals for ongoing issues
Psychological evaluation for PTSD, depression, anxiety
Critical: Continuity of care shows legitimate injury

3. Photographic and Video Evidence

Injury documentation:

Multiple angles with good lighting
Include scale object (ruler, coin)
Progressive photos over days (bruises often worsen before improving)

Location evidence:

Chapter house exterior/interior
Specific rooms where hazing occurred
Off-campus venues (Airbnbs, bars, parks)

Event footage:

If safely obtained, videos of hazing in progress
Social media posts showing events
Security camera footage (may require subpoena)

4. Witness Information

Categories of witnesses:

Other pledges (may be afraid but often cooperate eventually)
Former members who quit
Roommates/hallmates who observed changes
Emergency responders
Medical providers

Document: Full names, contact information, what they witnessed

5. Institutional Records

University files (obtainable via discovery):

Prior disciplinary actions against same organization
Campus police incident reports
Internal emails about the organization
Clery Act reports

National fraternity records:

Prior incident reports
Risk management files
Communications with local chapter
Insurance policies

Damages: What Can Be Recovered

Economic Damages (Quantifiable Losses)

Medical Expenses:

Past bills (ER, hospitalization, medications)
Future care (ongoing therapy, potential surgeries)
Life care plans for catastrophic injuries (like Danny Santulli’s 24/7 care needs)

Lost Income/Capacity:

Wages lost during recovery
Reduced future earning capacity for permanent injuries
Educational delays (missed semesters, lost scholarships)

Other Economic Losses:

Property damage (destroyed clothing, phones)
Relocation costs (transferring schools)
Therapy and counseling

Non-Economic Damages (Subjective but Real)

Physical Pain and Suffering:

Documented pain from injuries
Ongoing discomfort from permanent conditions

Emotional Distress:

PTSD diagnosis
Depression, anxiety, panic attacks
Humiliation, loss of dignity
Survivor’s guilt if others were also harmed

Loss of Enjoyment of Life:

Can’t participate in former activities
Damaged relationships
Lost college experience

Wrongful Death Damages

When hazing causes death, families can recover:

Funeral and burial costs
Loss of financial support
Loss of companionship, love, society
Parents’ and siblings’ emotional suffering

Punitive Damages (When Conduct Is Egregious)

Purpose: Punish and deter outrageous conduct
When awarded: Prior warnings ignored, cover-ups, particularly cruel conduct
Texas caps: Generally limited but higher for intentional conduct

Case Strategy: Multiple Defendants, Multiple Theories

1. Individual Liability

Members who planned/executed hazing
Chapter officers with supervisory responsibility
Advantage: Individual defendants often have personal insurance (homeowners policies)

2. Local Chapter Liability

The chapter as an unincorporated association
Housing corporations that own property
Evidence: Chapter bylaws, financial records, meeting minutes

3. National Organization Liability

Theories:

Negligent supervision
Ratification of local chapter conduct
Failure to enforce own policies
Key evidence: Prior incident reports, communications with chapter

4. University Liability

Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT):

Sovereign immunity limitations but exceptions exist
Gross negligence claims possible
Title IX liability for sexualized hazing

Private universities (SMU, Baylor):

Fewer immunity protections
Contractual duty to provide safe environment
Negligence in supervision

5. Third-Party Liability

Property owners/landlords
Alcohol providers (dram shop)
Security companies
Event venues

Insurance Coverage Battles

Common defense tactic: “This was intentional conduct, so insurance doesn’t cover it.”

Our counter-strategy (from Mr. Peña’s insurance defense background):

Negligent supervision theory: Even if hazing was intentional, failure to supervise was negligent
Multiple policies: Homeowners, chapter, national, university policies all potentially applicable
Bad faith claims: If insurer wrongfully denies coverage

Practical Guides for Burkburnett Families

For Parents: Warning Signs and Immediate Response

Red Flags Your Child May Be Being Hazed

Physical signs:

Unexplained bruises, burns, or injuries (especially if stories don’t add up)
Extreme exhaustion beyond normal college stress
Sudden weight loss or gain
Signs of alcohol poisoning: vomiting, confusion, pale skin, unconsciousness
Specific to rhabdomyolysis: Brown or tea-colored urine, severe muscle pain

Behavioral changes:

Sudden secrecy about organization activities
Withdrawal from family and non-Greek friends
Personality changes: anxiety, depression, irritability
Defensive when asked about the organization
Fear of “getting the chapter in trouble”

Academic red flags:

Grades dropping suddenly
Missing classes or falling asleep in class
Losing scholarships or academic standing

Digital behavior:

Constant phone monitoring of group chats
Anxiety when phone buzzes
Deleting messages obsessively
Location sharing enabled for members

How to Talk to Your Child About Hazing

Do:

Ask open-ended questions: “How are new members treated in your organization?”
Express concern for safety, not judgment: “I’m worried about how tired you’ve been.”
Emphasize unconditional support: “Nothing is more important than your health.”
Listen without interrupting when they do share

Don’t:

Accuse or assume: “I know they’re hazing you.”
Minimize their experience: “It’s just part of college.”
Threaten to “shut down the chapter” immediately
Force them to choose between you and the organization

Immediate Steps If You Suspect Hazing

First 24 hours:

Medical attention: If any injury or intoxication, go to ER immediately
Evidence preservation: Help child screenshot messages, photograph injuries
Documentation: Write down everything they tell you (dates, names, locations)
Safe removal: If ongoing danger, help them leave the situation
Legal consultation: Call us at 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate guidance

First week:

Medical follow-up: Specialist referrals if needed
University reporting: Decide whether/how to report (we can advise)
Witness contact: Document names of others who witnessed
Strategic planning: With attorney, decide on next steps

For Students: Recognizing Hazing and Protecting Yourself

Self-Assessment: Is This Hazing?

Ask yourself:

Would I do this if I had a real choice (no social consequences)?
Is this activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal?
Would the university approve if they knew exactly what was happening?
Are older members making new members do things they don’t have to do themselves?
Am I being told to keep secrets or lie about activities?

If you answered yes to any, it’s likely hazing.

How to Exit Safely

If in immediate danger:

Call 911
Go to a safe location (dorm, friend’s place, public area)
You won’t get in trouble for seeking help in an emergency

If you want to quit:

Tell someone outside the organization first (parent, RA, friend)
Send written notice to chapter president: “I resign my membership effective immediately.”
Don’t go to “one last meeting” where they might pressure you

If fearing retaliation:

Document any threats (screenshots, recordings if legal in Texas)
Report to university and/or local police
Consider protective order if necessary

Evidence Collection for Students

Digital evidence:

Screenshot group chats with timestamps visible
Save voice memos of conversations (Texas is one-party consent state)
Don’t delete anything, even if embarrassing

Physical evidence:

Photograph injuries immediately and over several days
Save clothing with stains or damage
Keep any objects used in hazing (paddles, props)

Medical documentation:

Go to student health or ER
Tell providers you were hazed so it’s in the record
Get copies of all records

Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

MISTAKE #1: Letting your child delete messages

Why it’s wrong: Looks like cover-up, obstruction of justice, destroys key evidence
Correct action: Preserve everything immediately, even embarrassing content
Our video resource: Using your phone to document evidence

MISTAKE #2: Confronting the fraternity/sorority directly

Why it’s wrong: They lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses
Correct action: Document everything, call attorney first

MISTAKE #3: Signing university “resolution” forms

Why it’s wrong: May waive right to sue, settlements are often lowball
Correct action: Don’t sign anything without attorney review

MISTAKE #4: Posting on social media before talking to lawyer

Why it’s wrong: Defense attorneys screenshot everything, inconsistencies hurt credibility
Correct action: Document privately, let lawyer control messaging

MISTAKE #5: Waiting “to see how the university handles it”

Why it’s wrong: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, statute runs
Correct action: Preserve evidence now, consult lawyer immediately

MISTAKE #6: Talking to insurance adjusters without lawyer

Why it’s wrong: Recorded statements used against you, early settlements are lowball
Correct action: “My attorney will contact you”

MISTAKE #7: Letting your child go back to “one last meeting”

Why it’s wrong: Pressure, intimidation, extracting damaging statements
Correct action: Once considering legal action, all communication through lawyer

Frequently Asked Questions for Burkburnett Families

Can we sue a university for hazing in Texas?
Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individuals in personal capacity. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. Every case depends on specific facts—contact us at 1-888-ATTY-911 for case-specific analysis.

Is hazing a felony in Texas?
It can be. Texas Education Code § 37.152 classifies hazing as a Class B misdemeanor by default, but it becomes a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. The Leonel Bermudez case (rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney failure) would likely qualify for felony charges given the serious bodily injury.

What if my child “agreed” to the initiation?
Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states: “It is not a defense to prosecution for hazing that the person being hazed consented to the hazing activity.” Courts recognize that true consent is impossible under peer pressure and power imbalance.

How long do we have to file a lawsuit?
Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas, but the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm wasn’t immediately known. In cases with cover-ups, the statute may be tolled (paused). Time is critical—call us immediately at 1-888-ATTY-911.

What if the hazing happened off-campus?
Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and nationals can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, and foreseeability. The Pi Delta Psi case (fatal retreat) and our current UH case (multiple off-campus locations) both involved off-campus hazing.

Will my child’s name be in the news?
Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability. Public filings can often be sealed, especially when minors or sexual assault are involved.

How much does it cost to hire a hazing attorney?
We work on contingency fee basis for personal injury hazing cases. This means:

No upfront costs
No hourly fees
We only get paid if we recover money for you
Typical contingency fee is 33–40% of recovery
Case expenses are advanced by the firm and repaid from recovery

Watch our video explaining contingency fees: How Do Contingency Fees Work?

What if my child was drinking underage during the hazing?
Texas law provides protections for underage drinkers who seek medical help in emergencies. More importantly, the organization providing alcohol to minors has additional liability. Your child’s underage drinking doesn’t prevent a case—it actually increases the fraternity’s liability.

Can we sue individual fraternity members?
Yes, and we often do. Individual members can be held personally liable, and they often have personal insurance (homeowners, renters) that may provide coverage. Chapter officers have additional liability for supervision failures.

What about criminal charges?
We can help coordinate with law enforcement for criminal investigations, but criminal and civil cases proceed separately. A criminal conviction isn’t needed for a civil case, and vice versa.

Why Attorney911 for Texas Hazing Cases

Our Active Texas Hazing Litigation

Right now, we’re leading one of Texas’ most significant hazing lawsuits—the Leonel Bermudez vs. University of Houston and Pi Kappa Phi case. This isn’t historical research or theoretical knowledge. We’re in federal court right now, fighting for a client who suffered rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure from fraternity hazing. We’ve named 17 defendants including the university, national fraternity, housing corporation, and individual members. This case demonstrates exactly what we do and how we do it.

Unique Qualifications for Hazing Cases

1. Insurance Insider Advantage (Mr. Lupe Peña)

Former insurance defense attorney at a national defense firm
Knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies:
- Value (and undervalue) hazing claims
- Use delay tactics to pressure families
- Argue coverage exclusions for “intentional acts”
- Set reserves and negotiate settlements
Direct quote from our UH case coverage: “If this prevents harm to another person…Let’s bring this to light. Enough is enough.”

2. Complex Institutional Litigation Experience (Ralph Manginello)

BP Texas City explosion litigation—one of few Texas firms involved
Federal court experience (U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas)
Not intimidated by national fraternities or universities with unlimited legal budgets
Proven track record: Multi-million dollar settlements in wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases

3. Dual Civil/Criminal Capability

Ralph’s membership in Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA)
Understands how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation
Can advise witnesses and former members with potential criminal exposure
Experience with Title IX proceedings and campus disciplinary processes

4. Investigative Depth and Resources

Our expert network includes:

Digital forensics specialists for recovering deleted messages
Medical experts in rhabdomyolysis, toxicology, trauma
Psychologists for PTSD and emotional distress evaluation
Economists for lifetime care cost calculations
Greek life culture experts for jury education

Evidence collection capabilities:

Experience obtaining hidden university and fraternity records
Knowledge of GroupMe, Discord, fraternity-specific apps
Relationships with investigators who understand Greek culture

5. Texas-Specific Geographic Mastery

Offices in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont
Experience in courts across Texas
Understanding of different university cultures (public vs. private, religious vs. secular)
Spanish-language services available through Mr. Peña

Our Approach: Thorough Investigation, Not Quick Settlement

We don’t take hazing cases to settle cheaply and move on. We investigate thoroughly because:

Pattern evidence matters: Prior incidents at the same chapter or same national organization strengthen your case
Multiple defendants mean multiple insurance policies: We identify all potentially liable parties
Prevention requires accountability: Only serious consequences change behavior
Families deserve answers: Not just money, but understanding how this happened and who’s responsible

What Makes Hazing Cases Different

Institutional Knowledge and Cover-Ups

Universities and national fraternities have playbooks for managing hazing incidents:

Initial denial: “We have strict anti-hazing policies.”
Minimal discipline: Probation, temporary suspension
Narrative control: “Rogue individuals,” not systemic issues
Delay tactics: Dragging out investigations until witnesses graduate

We know these tactics because we’ve seen them before—in our current UH case and others.

Digital Evidence Challenges

Modern hazing leaves digital trails, but also enables cover-ups:

Deleted group chats (recoverable with forensics)
Encrypted apps (still have metadata)
Social media posts (even deleted ones may be archived)
Location data from phones

We work with digital forensics experts to recover what organizations try to hide.

Emotional Complexity

Hazing cases involve:

Victim shame: “I agreed to this.”
Witness fear: “I don’t want to get brothers in trouble.”
Parent guilt: “I encouraged them to join.”
Community pressure: “Don’t ruin Greek life for everyone.”

We navigate these emotional realities while building strong legal cases.

Call to Action for Burkburnett Families

You’re Not Alone

If hazing has impacted your family—whether your child attends Midwestern State University here in the Wichita Falls area, has traveled to University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or any other Texas campus—you don’t have to face this alone.

The Leonel Bermudez case at University of Houston shows that even in 2025, with all the anti-halking policies and training, students are still suffering life-threatening injuries from fraternity hazing. His urine turned brown from muscle breakdown. He spent four days in the hospital with acute kidney failure. And this happened at a major public university with supposedly strict anti-hazing policies.

What to Expect When You Contact Us

Free, confidential consultation:

We listen to your story without judgment
Review evidence you’ve preserved (photos, texts, medical records)
Explain legal options: Criminal report, civil lawsuit, both, or neither
Discuss realistic timelines and what to expect
Answer questions about costs (contingency fee—we don’t get paid unless we win)
No pressure to hire us on the spot—take time to decide
Everything confidential: Protected by attorney-client privilege

Immediate Steps If You’re Considering Contacting Us

Before you call:

Preserve any evidence you have
Write down what happened while fresh
Don’t discuss the case on social media
Don’t sign anything from the university or insurance companies

When you call 1-888-ATTY-911:

Tell the receptionist you’re calling about a hazing case
You’ll speak directly with an attorney, not a paralegal or case manager
We’ll schedule a convenient time for detailed consultation
Available 24/7 for true emergencies

Serving Burkburnett and All of Texas

While our offices are in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, we serve families throughout Texas, including:

Wichita County and North Texas:

Burkburnett, Wichita Falls, Iowa Park, Electra, Vernon
Cases involving Midwestern State University, Texas A&M–Commerce, other regional campuses

Statewide reach:

University of Houston (current active litigation)
Texas A&M University College Station
University of Texas at Austin
Southern Methodist University
Baylor University
Texas Tech University
All other Texas colleges and universities

Spanish Language Services

Hablamos Español. Mr. Lupe Peña provides consultations in Spanish. Contact him directly at lupe@atty911.com for Spanish-language assistance.

Contact Information

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Legal Emergency Lawyers™

Phone: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070
Cell: (713) 443-4781 (Ralph Manginello)

Email:

Ralph Manginello: ralph@atty911.com
Lupe Peña: lupe@atty911.com (Spanish services)

Website: https://attorney911.com

Office Locations:

Houston, Texas (primary)
Austin, Texas
Beaumont, Texas

Service Area: Statewide Texas representation

Plain Text Links to Key Resources

News Coverage of Leonel Bermudez / UH Pi Kappa Phi Case

Click2Houston report: https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2025/11/21/only-on-2-lawsuit-alleges-severe-hazing-at-university-of-houstons-pi-kappa-phi-chapter-fraternity/
ABC13 coverage: https://abc13.com/post/waterboarding-forced-eating-physical-punishment-lawsuit-alleges-abuse-faced-injured-pledge-uhs-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity/18186418/
Hoodline summary: https://hoodline.com/2025/11/university-of-houston-and-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity-face-10m-lawsuit-over-alleged-hazing-and-abuse/

Attorney911 Educational Videos

Evidence preservation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs
Statute of limitations: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c
Client mistakes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY
Contingency fees: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc

Firm Website

Main site: https://attorney911.com

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com