When an 80,000-pound semi-truck changes your life on the rural highways of Bureau County, you don’t just need a lawyer—you need a fighter who knows how to make trucking companies pay. At Attorney911, we’ve spent over 25 years standing up to commercial carriers, insurers, and corporate defendants who thought they could treat Bureau County families like statistics. Whether your accident happened on I-80 outside Princeton, a county road near Wyanet, or the agricultural corridors connecting Bureau County to the broader Illinois freight network, we’re here to help you pick up the pieces.
Why Bureau County 18-Wheeler Accidents Demand Specialized Legal Help
Bureau County isn’t just another dot on the map—it’s a critical agricultural and transportation hub in north-central Illinois where massive commercial trucks share narrow rural roads with family vehicles. When a loaded grain truck, a long-haul freight carrier, or a livestock hauler loses control on Route 26 or Interstate 80, the results are catastrophic. The physics are brutal: your 4,000-pound sedan versus an 80,000-pound tractor-trailer isn’t a collision—it’s a demolition.
We’ve seen what happens when Bureau County families face off against trucking companies alone. The carriers send rapid-response teams to the scene before the ambulance even arrives. Their lawyers start building defenses while you’re still in the hospital. And if you wait too long, critical evidence—the black box data, the driver’s logs, the maintenance records—gets overwritten or “lost” forever.
That’s why Ralph Manginello has made it his mission to fight for Bureau County truck accident victims. Since 1998, our firm has recovered multi-million dollar settlements for families just like yours—$5 million for a traumatic brain injury victim, $3.8 million for an amputation case, and countless other seven-figure results. We know the Bureau County courtrooms, the local routes, and the specific dangers that make trucking accidents here different from anywhere else.
The Brutal Reality of Trucking Accidents in Bureau County
Every year, thousands of 18-wheelers traverse Bureau County, carrying agricultural products to market, manufacturing goods to Chicago, and freight across the Midwest. Interstate 80 serves as a major east-west corridor through the county, while U.S. Route 6, Route 34, and state highways like IL-26 and IL-89 create a network where heavy trucks and passenger vehicles constantly intersect.
The statistics are sobering. Every 16 minutes, someone in America is injured in a commercial truck crash. In Bureau County, the combination of high-speed rural highways, agricultural traffic, and winter weather creates especially dangerous conditions. When a truck driver violates federal regulations on these roads, the consequences are devastating.
What Makes Bureau County Trucking So Dangerous?
Agricultural Traffic Mix: Bureau County is farm country. During planting and harvest seasons, massive agricultural equipment shares the road with commercial trucks. When an 18-wheeler encounters slow-moving farm machinery on IL-89 or a county road, the results can be deadly.
Winter Weather Extremes: Illinois winters bring ice, snow, and black ice conditions that transform I-80 and rural Bureau County roads into treacherous surfaces. A truck driver who doesn’t adjust speed for conditions or who violates hours-of-service regulations trying to beat a storm puts everyone at risk.
Rural Road Geometry: Many Bureau County roads weren’t designed for modern 80-foot tractor-trailers. Sharp turns, narrow shoulders, and limited visibility at intersections create perfect conditions for jackknife accidents, wide-turn collisions, and rollovers.
Fatigue on Long Hauls: Drivers traversing I-80 through Bureau County often come off long hauls from the coasts. When they push through the 11-hour federal driving limit to make delivery deadlines, they become ticking time bombs on your local roads.
The Types of Truck Accidents We Handle in Bureau County
Not all trucking accidents are the same, and Bureau County’s unique geography creates specific risks. Here are the accident types we see most often in our practice:
Jackknife Accidents on I-80 and Rural Highways
Jackknife accidents occur when the trailer and cab skid in different directions, folding like a pocket knife. On Bureau County’s stretch of Interstate 80, where trucks travel at highway speeds, a sudden brake application can send an 18-wheeler jackknifing across multiple lanes, blocking traffic and causing multi-vehicle pileups.
These accidents often stem from FMCSA violations like:
- 49 CFR § 393.48 – Brake system malfunctions from inadequate maintenance
- 49 CFR § 393.100 – Improper cargo securement causing load shifts
- 49 CFR § 392.6 – Speeding for current road conditions
When a jackknife blocks I-80 near Princeton or Wyanet, innocent families caught behind have nowhere to go. The resulting injuries—crushing trauma, traumatic brain injuries, spinal cord damage—often require lifelong care.
Rollover Accidents on Curves and Rural Roads
Bureau County’s rural roads and agricultural areas see frequent rollover accidents when truck drivers take curves too fast or encounter uneven loading. An 18-wheeler’s high center of gravity makes it especially vulnerable on the county’s highway ramps and winding routes.
Rollovers typically involve violations of:
- 49 CFR § 393.100-136 – Cargo securement failures
- 49 CFR § 392.6 – Excessive speed for conditions
- 49 CFR § 392.3 – Operating while fatigued
When a livestock hauler or grain truck rolls on a Bureau County road, the spill creates secondary hazards and often results in catastrophic injuries for occupants of nearby vehicles.
Underride Collisions: The Deadliest Accidents
Underride collisions—where a smaller vehicle slides under the trailer of a truck—are among the most fatal accidents we see. Rear underride guards are required under 49 CFR § 393.86, but many trucks have inadequate or damaged guards. Side underride guards aren’t federally mandated at all, making these crashes particularly deadly at intersections throughout Bureau County.
When a Bureau County driver strikes the side of a truck making a wide turn on US-6 or Route 34, the top of the passenger compartment can be sheared off. These accidents often result in decapitation, severe head trauma, and instant death.
Rear-End Collisions on I-80
A fully loaded truck traveling at 65 miles per hour needs nearly 525 feet—almost two football fields—to stop. When a distracted or fatigued truck driver plows into stopped traffic on I-80 near the Bureau County line, the results are devastating.
Common FMCSA violations in these crashes include:
- 49 CFR § 392.11 – Following too closely
- 49 CFR § 392.3 – Operating while fatigued
- 49 CFR § 392.82 – Mobile phone use while driving
- 49 CFR § 393.48 – Brake system deficiencies
These accidents often cause severe whiplash, spinal cord injuries, and traumatic brain injuries to occupants of the struck vehicles.
Wide Turn Accidents (“Squeeze Play”)
In Bureau County towns like Princeton, Spring Valley, and DePue, large trucks executing right turns often swing wide left before turning—a maneuver that traps unsuspecting drivers in the adjacent lane. When a truck driver fails to signal properly or check their blind spots, they can crush a vehicle against the curb or drag it into the intersection.
These accidents often involve violations of 49 CFR § 392.11 (unsafe lane changes) and state traffic laws regarding proper turning procedures.
Blind Spot and “No-Zone” Accidents
18-wheelers have massive blind spots—20 feet in front, 30 feet behind, and wide areas on both sides. When Bureau County drivers linger in these “No-Zones” on I-80 or local highways, a lane change by the truck driver can force them off the road or into a sideswipe collision.
Under 49 CFR § 393.80, trucks must have properly adjusted mirrors, but many drivers fail to check them or adjust them properly before driving through Bureau County.
Tire Blowouts and Maintenance Failures
The extreme temperatures of Illinois summers and the road conditions of winter create perfect conditions for tire failures. When a truck’s steer tire blows out on I-80, the driver can lose immediate control, sending 80,000 pounds of steel and cargo careening across lanes.
These accidents often reveal violations of:
- 49 CFR § 393.75 – Tire tread depth and condition requirements
- 49 CFR § 396.13 – Failure to conduct pre-trip inspections
Brake Failure Accidents
Brake problems factor into approximately 29 percent of all large truck crashes. When a trucking company defers maintenance to save money, the results can be fatal on Bureau County’s steep highway grades. Runaway trucks on I-80 or county roads create terrifying scenarios for local drivers.
Violations typically include:
- 49 CFR § 393.40-55 – Brake system requirements
- 49 CFR § 396.3 – Systematic inspection and maintenance failures
- 49 CFR § 396.11 – Failure to report brake defects in post-trip inspections
Cargo Spill and Securement Accidents
Bureau County agricultural trucks carrying grain, livestock, or equipment must secure their loads properly under 49 CFR § 393.100-136. When cargo shifts or spills onto I-80 or county roads, it creates chain-reaction accidents and often causes the truck to jackknife or roll over.
Head-On and T-Bone Collisions
When fatigued drivers drift across the centerline on rural Bureau County roads or run red lights at intersections in Princeton, the resulting head-on or T-bone collisions are often fatal for occupants of passenger vehicles. These crashes frequently involve 49 CFR § 395 Hours of Service violations or 49 CFR § 392.4/5 drug and alcohol violations.
Who Can Be Held Liable in a Bureau County Trucking Accident?
Most people think only the truck driver is responsible. At Attorney911, we know better. Bureau County trucking accidents often involve multiple liable parties, and identifying every defendant is crucial to maximizing your recovery.
The Truck Driver
The driver who caused the accident may be personally liable for negligent acts like speeding, distracted driving, fatigue, or impairment. We investigate their driving history, ELD data, and cell phone records to prove negligence.
The Trucking Company (Motor Carrier)
Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, employers are responsible for their employees’ negligent acts within the scope of employment. But we don’t stop there. We look for:
Negligent Hiring: Did the company fail to check the driver’s background, driving record, or qualifications required under 49 CFR § 391?
Negligent Training: Did they properly train the driver on safety protocols, cargo securement, and hours-of-service regulations?
Negligent Supervision: Did they monitor the driver’s compliance with FMCSA regulations, or did they turn a blind eye to HOS violations?
Negligent Maintenance: Did they maintain the vehicle according to 49 CFR § 396, or did they defer repairs to save money?
Trucking companies carry significant insurance—often $750,000 to $5 million—making them primary targets for recovery. Ralph Manginello’s 25 years of experience includes taking on Fortune 500 trucking operations and winning.
The Cargo Owner or Shipper
When agricultural products or manufacturing goods are loaded improperly in Bureau County, the shipper may be liable for improper loading instructions, overweight loading, or failure to disclose hazardous cargo characteristics.
The Cargo Loading Company
Third-party loading companies that improperly secured cargo in violation of 49 CFR § 393 can be held liable when their negligence causes rollovers or spills on Bureau County roads.
Truck and Parts Manufacturers
When defective brakes, tires, or steering components cause accidents, the manufacturers can be held liable under product liability theories. We work with engineers to identify design defects and manufacturing flaws.
Maintenance Companies
Third-party mechanics who negligently repaired brakes or other critical systems can be held liable when their incompetence causes crashes on I-80 or local Bureau County roads.
Freight Brokers
Freight brokers who arranged the shipment may be liable for negligent carrier selection—hiring a trucking company with poor safety ratings or insufficient insurance to transport goods through Bureau County.
The Truck Owner
In owner-operator situations, the owner of the tractor or trailer may bear separate liability for negligent entrustment or failure to maintain equipment.
Government Entities
In limited circumstances, Bureau County or the State of Illinois may be liable for dangerous road designs, inadequate signage, or failure to maintain safe highway conditions on county or state routes.
Our Evidence Preservation Protocol: Protecting Bureau County Victims
The clock starts ticking the moment a truck hits you. Critical evidence in Bureau County trucking accidents can disappear within days—or even hours.
Black Box Data (ECM/EDR): This electronic data records speed, braking, throttle position, and other critical metrics. It can be overwritten within 30 days or with subsequent driving events.
ELD Data: Electronic Logging Devices track hours of service under 49 CFR § 395.8. FMCSA only requires six months retention, but we demand immediate preservation.
Dashcam Footage: Many trucks have forward-facing and cab-facing cameras. This footage is often deleted within 7-14 days unless preserved.
Driver Qualification Files: These files contain employment applications, background checks, medical certifications, and drug test results under 49 CFR § 391.51. They prove whether the trucking company engaged in negligent hiring.
Maintenance Records: Brake inspection logs, repair orders, and pre-trip inspection reports under 49 CFR § 396 prove whether the company knew about dangerous defects.
When you call Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911, we send spoliation letters within 24 hours to every potentially liable party. These legal notices put them on notice that destroying evidence will result in severe sanctions, adverse jury instructions, or default judgments.
Why the First 48 Hours Matter in Bureau County
Bureau County’s rural nature means evidence can disappear quickly. Witnesses leave the scene. Skid marks fade in the rain. The trucking company dispatches its own investigators to protect their interests. While they build their defense, you need someone building your case.
As client Donald Wilcox told us after another firm rejected his case: “One company said they would not accept my case. Then I got a call from Manginello… I got a call to come pick up this handsome check.” We don’t let trucking companies hide behind delay tactics.
Catastrophic Injuries and Their Long-Term Impact
The injuries sustained in Bureau County trucking accidents aren’t the scrapes and bruises of typical fender-benders. We’re talking about life-altering, permanent disabilities that require millions of dollars in future care.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
The force of an 80,000-pound truck impact causes the brain to collide with the skull, resulting in concussions, contusions, or diffuse axonal injuries. TBI can cause:
- Permanent cognitive impairment and memory loss
- Personality changes and mood disorders
- Inability to work or maintain relationships
- Need for 24/7 supervision and care
Our firm has recovered between $1.5 million and $9.8 million for TBI victims, ensuring they have resources for lifelong treatment and support.
Spinal Cord Injuries and Paralysis
When a truck crushes a vehicle or causes a rollover, spinal cord damage can result in paraplegia or quadriplegia. These injuries require:
- Wheelchairs and mobility equipment ($5,000-$50,000+ per device)
- Home modifications (ramps, lifts, widened doorways)
- Ongoing medical care and personal assistance
- Lost earning capacity for the victim and family caregivers
Spinal cord cases often settle for $4.7 million to $25.8 million depending on the level of injury and age of the victim.
Amputations
Crush injuries from truck accidents often require surgical amputation of limbs. Whether traumatic (occurring at the scene) or surgical (required later due to damage), amputations result in:
- Prosthetic limbs requiring replacement every few years
- Phantom limb pain and nerve damage
- Permanent disability and career limitations
- Psychological trauma and body image issues
We’ve secured $1.9 million to $8.6 million for amputation victims, covering both economic and non-economic damages.
Wrongful Death
When a Bureau County trucking accident takes a loved one, surviving family members can pursue wrongful death claims under Illinois law. Available damages include:
- Lost future income and employment benefits
- Loss of consortium, companionship, and parental guidance
- Mental anguish and emotional suffering
- Funeral and burial expenses
- Medical expenses incurred before death
- Punitive damages for gross negligence
Our wrongful death recoveries range from $1.9 million to $9.5 million, holding trucking companies accountable when their negligence costs a life.
FMCSA Regulations: The Rules Trucking Companies Break
Federal law requires commercial trucks to comply with strict safety standards codified in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations. When Bureau County truck accidents occur, we investigate violations of these regulations to prove negligence.
Driver Qualification Standards (49 CFR Part 391)
Before a driver can operate a commercial vehicle in interstate commerce, they must:
- Be at least 21 years old
- Pass a physical exam and hold a valid medical certificate
- Possess a valid Commercial Driver’s License (CDL)
- Pass a road test or equivalent
- Have a clean driving record (or disclosed violations)
Trucking companies must maintain Driver Qualification Files verifying these requirements. When they hire unqualified drivers—those with suspended licenses, medical conditions, or poor safety records—they commit negligent hiring.
Hours of Service (49 CFR Part 395)
Fatigued driving causes nearly one-third of fatal truck crashes. FMCSA regulations limit driving time to prevent exhaustion:
- 11-hour driving limit: No more than 11 hours behind the wheel after 10 consecutive hours off duty
- 14-hour duty window: Cannot drive beyond the 14th consecutive hour after coming on duty
- 30-minute break: Required after 8 cumulative hours of driving
- 60/70-hour weekly limits: Cannot drive after 60 hours in 7 days or 70 hours in 8 days
Since December 18, 2017, most trucks must use Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs) under 49 CFR § 395.8 to track hours automatically. We subpoena this data to prove fatigue violations.
Vehicle Maintenance (49 CFR Part 396)
Trucking companies must systematically inspect, repair, and maintain their fleets under 49 CFR § 396.3. Drivers must conduct pre-trip inspections (49 CFR § 396.13) and prepare written post-trip reports (49 CFR § 396.11) covering:
- Service brakes and parking brake
- Steering mechanisms
- Lighting devices and reflectors
- Tires, wheels, and rims
- Emergency equipment
Failure to maintain brakes—which factor in 29% of truck crashes—or tires creates liability for the company.
Cargo Securement (49 CFR Part 393)
Under 49 CFR § 393.100-136, cargo must be properly secured to prevent shifting, spilling, or falling. Tiedowns must meet specific working load limits, and cargo must be balanced to prevent rollovers. When Bureau County agricultural trucks spill loads or rollover due to shifting cargo, these regulations prove negligence.
Drug and Alcohol Testing (49 CFR Part 382)
Commercial drivers cannot operate with a blood alcohol concentration of .04% or higher—half the limit for regular drivers. They must undergo pre-employment, random, post-accident, and reasonable suspicion testing. Positive tests or refusals indicate negligence per se.
Illinois Law and Bureau County Trucking Accidents
Understanding the legal landscape in Bureau County and Illinois is crucial to protecting your rights.
Statute of Limitations
In Illinois, you have two years from the date of the trucking accident to file a personal injury lawsuit (735 ILCS 5/13-202). For wrongful death claims, the two-year clock starts from the date of death. If you miss this deadline, you lose your right to sue forever—regardless of how severe your injuries or how clear the liability.
This is why we urge Bureau County accident victims to call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately. While two years sounds like a long time, evidence preservation must happen within days, and building a strong case takes months.
Modified Comparative Negligence
Illinois follows a “modified comparative negligence” rule with a 51% bar (735 ILCS 5/2-1116). This means:
- If you are 50% or less at fault, you can recover damages reduced by your percentage of fault
- If you are 51% or more at fault, you recover nothing
Trucking companies and their insurers will try to shift blame to you—claiming you were speeding, failed to signal, or contributed to the accident. We fight these allegations with ECM data, witness testimony, and accident reconstruction to minimize your fault percentage and maximize your recovery.
No Damage Caps
Unlike some states, Illinois does not cap compensatory damages in personal injury cases. This means you can recover the full amount of your medical expenses, lost wages, and pain and suffering. Punitive damages are available in cases of willful and wanton conduct, such as when a trucking company knowingly puts a dangerous driver on the road or destroys evidence.
Insurance Requirements and Maximizing Your Recovery
Federal law requires commercial trucking companies to carry minimum liability insurance:
- $750,000 for non-hazardous freight
- $1,000,000 for oil, petroleum, and large equipment
- $5,000,000 for hazardous materials
Many carriers carry excess coverage or umbrella policies that increase these limits. However, accessing these funds requires knowing how to navigate commercial insurance policies—something our firm excels at.
Our associate attorney, Lupe Peña, spent years working for national insurance defense firms before joining Attorney911. He knows exactly how insurance companies evaluate claims, train adjusters to minimize payouts, and use software like Colossus to undervalue your suffering. Now he uses that insider knowledge to fight for Bureau County victims, ensuring they don’t get lowballed by sophisticated insurance tactics.
What to Do After a Trucking Accident in Bureau County
If you’ve been in an 18-wheeler accident in Bureau County, here’s how to protect your rights:
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Call 911 immediately. Ensure police respond and file a report. This documents the accident and may include the officer’s preliminary fault determination.
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Seek medical attention. Even if you feel fine, get checked at Perry Memorial Hospital or another Bureau County medical facility. Adrenaline masks injuries, and documentation links your injuries to the accident.
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Document everything. Take photos of the truck’s DOT number, license plates, damage to all vehicles, the accident scene, and your injuries. Get names and numbers of witnesses before they leave.
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Don’t give statements. The trucking company’s insurance adjuster will call quickly. Do not give a recorded statement or sign anything. They are trained to elicit statements that minimize your claim.
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Call Attorney911 immediately. The sooner we get involved, the sooner we can preserve black box data, ELD logs, and other critical evidence. Hablamos Español—Lupe Peña and our team provide fluent Spanish representation without interpreters.
As client Chad Harris said: “You are NOT a pest to them and you are NOT just some client… You are FAMILY to them.”
Frequently Asked Questions About Bureau County Trucking Accidents
How long do I have to file a lawsuit after a trucking accident in Bureau County?
Illinois gives you two years from the accident date to file a personal injury lawsuit. However, evidence starts disappearing within days—black box data can be overwritten in 30 days, and witness memories fade. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately to protect your case.
Who can I sue after an 18-wheeler accident?
Multiple parties may be liable: the driver, trucking company, cargo owner, loading company, truck manufacturer, parts maker, maintenance company, freight broker, and potentially government entities for road defects. We investigate every angle to maximize your recovery.
What if I was partially at fault for the accident?
Under Illinois law, as long as you were 50% or less at fault, you can still recover damages. Your award will be reduced by your percentage of fault. We work to minimize your attributed fault using ECM data and accident reconstruction.
How much is my Bureau County trucking accident case worth?
Settlement values depend on injury severity, medical costs, lost income, pain and suffering, and available insurance. With trucking companies carrying $750,000 to $5 million in coverage, catastrophic injury cases often settle for millions. We’ve recovered $5 million for TBI cases and $3.8 million for amputation victims.
What if the trucking company is from out of state?
Ralph Manginello is admitted to practice in federal court (Southern District of Texas) and licensed in multiple states. Whether the trucking company is from Iowa, Ohio, or California, we have the jurisdictional knowledge to pursue them in Illinois courts or federal court if necessary.
Will my case go to trial?
Most cases settle before trial, but we prepare every case as if it’s going to trial. This preparation creates leverage in negotiations. Our track record includes significant jury verdicts when insurance companies refuse fair offers.
How much does it cost to hire a truck accident lawyer?
Nothing upfront. We work on contingency—our standard fee is 33.33% if settled pre-trial, 40% if we go to trial. You pay nothing unless we win. We advance all investigation costs and expert fees.
Do you handle Bureau County cases from your offices?
With offices in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas, we handle trucking cases nationwide. For Bureau County clients, we offer remote consultations and travel to Illinois for depositions, mediations, and trial as needed. Our federal court experience means geography is never a barrier to aggressive representation.
Can undocumented immigrants file truck accident claims?
Yes. Immigration status does not affect your right to compensation for injuries caused by someone else’s negligence. We protect your confidentiality while pursuing maximum recovery.
What if my loved one died in a trucking accident?
We handle wrongful death claims for Bureau County families, seeking compensation for lost income, loss of consortium, mental anguish, funeral expenses, and punitive damages when appropriate. As client Glenda Walker said: “They fought for me to get every dime I deserved.”
Why Bureau County Families Choose Attorney911
25+ Years of Experience: Ralph Manginello has been fighting for injury victims since 1998. He’s taken on Fortune 500 companies in the BP Texas City explosion litigation and currently handles a $10 million lawsuit against the University of Houston. He brings that same tenacity to every Bureau County case.
Insider Knowledge: Lupe Peña worked inside insurance defense firms. He knows the playbook adjusters use to minimize claims, and he uses that knowledge to maximize your recovery.
Multi-Million Dollar Results: We don’t just talk about big results—we deliver them. From $2.5 million truck crash settlements to $5 million brain injury recoveries, we have the track record to handle catastrophic cases.
Family Treatment: We’re not a mill. As Chad Harris said, you’re family to us, not just a case number. You get direct access to attorneys, not just paralegals.
Federal Court Experience: Many trucking cases belong in federal court. Ralph Manginello’s admission to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas—and his understanding of federal trucking regulations—gives you an advantage other firms can’t match.
Spanish Language Services: Hablamos Español. Lupe Peña provides fluent representation for Spanish-speaking Bureau County residents without relying on interpreters.
24/7 Availability: Trucking accidents don’t happen on business hours. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 anytime—day or night, weekends or holidays. We answer.
A trucking accident in Bureau County can destroy your health, your career, and your family’s financial security. But you don’t have to face the trucking company alone. While they have teams of lawyers protecting their interests, you need someone protecting yours.
The evidence is disappearing right now. The trucking company is building its defense. And the clock is ticking on your two-year statute of limitations.
If you or a loved one has been injured in an 18-wheeler accident anywhere in Bureau County—from Princeton to Wyanet, from DePue to the I-80 corridor—call Attorney911 today at 1-888-ATTY-911. The consultation is free. There are no upfront costs. And if we don’t win, you don’t pay.
Don’t let the trucking company push you around. Push back with Attorney911.
Attorney911 | The Manginello Law Firm
1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Serving Bureau County and communities throughout Illinois
Hablamos Español
Results may vary depending on the specific facts and legal circumstances of each case. Past results are not guarantees of future outcomes.
