Hazing in Texas: A Definitive Guide for Erath County Families to Understanding Campus Abuse, Lawsuits, & Accountability

A late-night call disrupts the quiet of a home in Erath County. On the other end, a student, voice laced with fear, whispers about a “tradition” gone wrong at their university. They were forced to drink beyond their limits, subjected to humiliating acts, and now, a fellow student is in the emergency room. No one wants to call 911 because it might “get the chapter shut down.” The student feels trapped, torn between loyalty to the group and their own safety, with every instinct screaming that something is terribly wrong.

This isn’t a hypothetical scenario; it’s the reality for countless families across Texas, including those right here in Erath County. The pressure to belong, the allure of tradition, and the secrecy surrounding Greek life, athletic teams, and other campus organizations can create a dangerous environment where hazing flourishes. When these “traditions” turn destructive, leaving students injured, traumatized, or worse, families are often left with more questions than answers.

This guide is for you – the families in Erath County and across our great state who are seeking to understand the complex world of hazing. We will explore what hazing truly looks like in 2025, moving beyond outdated stereotypes to reveal the insidious tactics employed today. We will demystify the Texas and federal laws designed to combat hazing, and examine how landmark national cases inform the fight for accountability right here in our state. You’ll gain insight into documented incidents at major Texas universities like the University of Houston (UH), Texas A&M University, the University of Texas at Austin (UT), Southern Methodist University (SMU), and Baylor University. Most importantly, we will outline the legal options available to victims and their families throughout Texas, because no one should have to endure such abuse alone.

This article provides general information. It is not specific legal advice. The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC is a Houston-based Texas personal injury firm with deep experience in hazing litigation, and we serve families throughout the state, including Erath County. We can evaluate individual cases based on their specific facts and provide the guidance your family deserves.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

Your child’s safety is our highest priority. If your child is in danger right now, do not hesitate:

• If your child is in immediate physical danger, injured, or severely intoxicated, call 911 immediately. Prioritize their medical care above all else.
• Following medical intervention, then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911). We provide immediate legal guidance during these critical moments—that’s why we are known as the Legal Emergency Lawyers™.

In the first 48 hours after an incident, crucial steps must be taken to preserve valuable evidence:

• Get professional medical attention: Even if your child insists they are “fine,” insist on a thorough medical evaluation. Injuries, especially those related to alcohol poisoning or physical trauma, may not be immediately apparent.
• Preserve evidence BEFORE it disappears: Hazing organizers often quickly delete digital communications and destroy physical evidence.
  • Screenshot all group chats, text messages, and direct messages immediately. Capture the full conversation, including names, timestamps, and context.
  • Photograph any injuries from multiple angles, and continue to do so over several days to document progression.
  • Save any physical items that could be evidence, such as damaged clothing, receipts for forced purchases, or any objects used in the hazing.
• Document everything: Write down a detailed account of what happened while memory is fresh. Include who was involved, what occurred, when it happened, and where.
• Do NOT take the following actions, as they can compromise a potential legal case:
  • Do not confront the fraternity, sorority, or organization directly. This can lead to evidence destruction or witness coaching.
  • Do not sign anything from the university or an insurance company without first consulting with an experienced hazing attorney. You could inadvertently waive your legal rights.
  • Do not post details on public social media. This can damage your child’s reputation, create inconsistencies that defense attorneys exploit, and potentially waive privacy rights.
  • Do not allow your child to delete messages or “clean up” evidence. This can be construed as obstruction and severely weaken your case.

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours. Evidence disappears fast, universities move quickly to control the narrative, and witnesses graduate. Attorney911 can help preserve evidence, protect your child’s rights, and guide you through the complex aftermath. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for an immediate, confidential consultation.

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

When families in Erath County hear the word “hazing,” they might picture scenes from movies like “Animal House” or outdated rituals from decades past. However, hazing in 2025 is far more sophisticated, insidious, and dangerous. It has evolved to avoid detection, exploit technology, and often masks itself behind the guise of “tradition” or “bonding.” Understanding these modern realities is the first step toward protecting our students.

Hazing, in plain English, is any forced, coerced, or strongly pressured action tied to joining, keeping membership, or gaining status in a group, where the behavior endangers physical or mental health, humiliates, or exploits an individual. It’s crucial to understand that simply because a student “agreed” to participate, or “volunteered,” it does not automatically make the activity safe or legal. When immense peer pressure, a desire for belonging, and a power imbalance are at play, true consent is impossible.

Main Categories of Hazing: Beyond the Obvious

Hazing is not a monolithic activity; it manifests in various forms, often escalating over time. Recognizing these categories is essential for Erath County parents and students.

• Alcohol and Substance Hazing: This remains one of the most prevalent and deadly forms of hazing. It involves forcing or pressuring pledges to consume excessive amounts of alcohol, participate in dangerous drinking games, chugging challenges, or “lineups” where large quantities of liquor are consumed rapidly. This can also include compelling students to consume unknown or mixed substances, leading to severe health risks, including alcohol poisoning, blackouts, and even death. The forced consumption of alcohol is a recurring factor in many fatal hazing incidents across the nation.

• Physical Hazing: While often hidden, physical hazing persists. This can range from traditional paddling and beatings to extreme calisthenics, forced “workouts,” or “smokings” (punitive exercise sessions) that far exceed safe physical limits. Other forms include sleep deprivation, food or water deprivation, and exposure to extreme environmental conditions like freezing temperatures or scorching heat. These acts can lead to severe injuries, exhaustion, rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown), and lasting physical harm.

• Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing: This category is particularly psychologically damaging and can constitute sexual assault. It includes forced nudity or partial nudity, simulated sexual acts (often demeaning), wearing degrading costumes, and performing acts with explicit racial, homophobic, or sexist overtones. Such activities strip individuals of their dignity and can lead to severe emotional trauma,
  PTSD, and a profound loss of self-worth.

• Psychological Hazing: Often overlooked but deeply impactful, psychological hazing involves verbal abuse, intimidation, threats, and deliberate social isolation. It can include manipulative tactics, forced confessions, or public shaming designed to break down an individual’s self-esteem and foster absolute obedience to the group. This form of hazing creates a hostile environment that can lead to severe anxiety, depression, and long-term mental health challenges.

• Digital/Online Hazing: With the rise of social media and ubiquitous connectivity, hazing has moved into the digital realm. This includes forced participation in group chat dares, online “challenges,” or public humiliation via platforms like Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and Discord. Pledges may be pressured to create or share compromising images or videos, or face relentless online harassment and monitoring, which extends the reach of hazing into every aspect of a student’s life.

Where Hazing Actually Happens: A Broader Problem

Hazing is not confined to stereotypical fraternity houses. While Greek life—Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic, National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and multicultural fraternities and sororities—remains a significant arena for hazing, it is by no means exclusive. Students across Erath County participating in any of these organizations can be vulnerable.

Hazing is also found in:

• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / Military-Style Groups: Highly structured environments, such as the Texas A&M Corps of Cadets, can unfortunately become breeding grounds for hazing disguised as “leadership development” or “tradition.”
• Spirit Squads, Tradition Clubs, and Student Organizations: Groups dedicated to school spirit, like the Texas Cowboys, or even seemingly innocuous cultural or academic organizations, can develop harmful initiation rituals.
• Athletic Teams: From football and basketball to cheerleading and swim teams, hazing is a documented problem across collegiate sports.
• Marching Bands and Performance Groups: Even organizations centered around artistic and musical pursuits have not been immune to hazing.

The common threads running through all these environments are the powerful desire for social status, the allure of tradition, and the pervasive culture of secrecy. These factors allow hazing to persist, often explicitly against university policies and state laws, even when everyone involved “knows” it’s wrong. For Erath County families, understanding these dynamics is key to recognizing and addressing potential hazing.

Law & Liability Framework (Texas + Federal)

Navigating the legal landscape surrounding hazing can be daunting for families, particularly for those whose children attend universities far from home. In Texas, a clear legal framework exists to address hazing, providing avenues for both criminal prosecution and civil recourse. For Erath County residents, understanding these laws is crucial in the pursuit of justice and accountability.

Texas Hazing Law Basics: Education Code

Texas has specific prohibitions against hazing outlined in the Texas Education Code, Chapter 37, Subchapter F. This legislation largely focuses on holding individuals and organizations accountable within an educational context.

Definition: Section 37.151 defines hazing as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, committed by one person alone or with others, directed against a student, that:

• Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, AND
• Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

This means that if someone makes a student – whether from Erath County or anywhere else – do something dangerous, harmful, or degrading to join or stay in a group, and they intended to do it or were reckless about the risk, that is hazing under Texas law. The location of the hazing, whether on or off campus, does not negate its legal classification as hazing. Furthermore, the law explicitly states in Section 37.155 that consent is not a defense to prosecution for hazing. This is a critical point: even if the victim “agreed,” if the act meets the definition of hazing, it is still illegal.

Criminal Penalties:

• Hazing that does not cause serious bodily injury is generally a Class B Misdemeanor, punishable by up to 180 days in jail and a fine of up to $2,000.
• If hazing results in an injury requiring medical treatment, it can be elevated to a Class A Misdemeanor.
• Crucially, if hazing causes serious bodily injury or death, it becomes a State Jail Felony, carrying significantly harsher penalties.

Beyond those directly involved, individuals who are aware of hazing and fail to report it can also face misdemeanor charges. Additionally, laws protect those who report hazing in good faith, offering immunity from civil or criminal liability (Section 37.154).

Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Understanding Your Options

When hazing occurs, families often wonder about the different legal pathways available:

• Criminal Cases: These are initiated and pursued by the state (prosecutors) against individuals who have violated hazing laws or other criminal statutes associated with the hazing incident. The primary aim of criminal cases is punishment, which can include jail time, fines, and probation. Common hazing-related criminal charges beyond the specific hazing offense itself can include furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, battery, or, in tragic fatal cases, even manslaughter.
• Civil Cases: These are brought by the victims of hazing or their surviving family members to seek monetary compensation and hold responsible parties accountable for the harm suffered. Civil lawsuits focus on proving negligence, gross negligence, wrongful death, negligent supervision, premises liability, and for the severe emotional distress caused.

It is important for Erath County families to understand that a criminal conviction is not required to pursue a civil case. The standards of proof differ between criminal and civil law, meaning a civil case can succeed even if criminal charges do not result in a conviction. Both types of cases can also proceed simultaneously.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond state law, federal regulations also play a role in addressing hazing, particularly for colleges and universities that receive federal funding.

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This significant piece of federal legislation, implemented in phases through around 2026, aims to increase transparency and strengthen prevention efforts. It mandates that colleges and universities receiving federal aid openly report hazing incidents, enhance their hazing education and prevention programs, and maintain publicly accessible data on hazing. This act significantly impacts institutional accountability and data availability for Erath County families contemplating legal action.
• Title IX / Clery Act: When hazing involves elements of sexual harassment, sexual assault, or gender-based hostility, federal Title IX obligations are triggered, requiring universities to investigate and address such misconduct. The Clery Act requires colleges to report campus crime statistics, and hazing incidents often overlap with categories like assault or alcohol/drug-related offenses, bringing them under Clery reporting requirements.

Who Can Be Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit?

Civil hazing lawsuits can involve multiple defendants, as accountability often extends beyond the individual perpetrators. Identifying all potentially liable parties is a key aspect of building a strong case.

• Individual Students: These are the students who actively planned, supplied illegal substances, carried out the hazing acts, or participated in attempts to cover them up.
• Local Chapter / Organization: The fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself can be held liable, especially if it operates as a distinct legal entity. Officers and leaders who endorsed or facilitated the hazing can also be targeted.
• National Fraternity / Sorority: Many local chapters are affiliates of larger national organizations. These national HQs often set anti-hazing policies, collect dues, and exert a degree of control over chapters. Their liability can stem from their failure to adequately enforce policies, their knowledge (or constructive knowledge) of recurring hazing patterns, and their oversight responsibilities.
• University or Governing Board: The educational institution itself, or its governing board, may be sued for negligence or, in some cases, under civil rights theories. Liability often hinges on whether the university had prior warnings of hazing, failed to adequately enforce its own policies, or demonstrated deliberate indifference to known risks.
• Third Parties: This can include landlords or property owners of off-campus houses or venues where hazing occurred, or even commercial entities that illegally supplied alcohol to minors (under dram shop laws).

Every hazing case is distinct, and the specific parties liable will depend on the unique facts and circumstances. Families in Erath County seeking to understand who might be held accountable in their situation should seek personalized legal counsel.

National Hazing Case Patterns: Anchor Stories and Their Lessons

The tragic consequences of hazing are not new, but a series of high-profile cases over the last decade have dramatically reshaped the legal landscape. These “anchor stories” illustrate common hazing patterns, highlight the devastating stakes, and serve as crucial precedents for litigation in Texas. For Erath County families, understanding these national cases reveals how similar incidents at our state’s universities could lead to similar outcomes.

Alcohol Poisoning & Death: A Tragic and Recurring Pattern

Forced or coerced alcohol consumption remains the leading cause of hazing fatalities. These cases often involve extreme intoxication, a dangerous delay in seeking medical help, and attempts to cover up the incident.

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State University, Beta Theta Pi (2017): In one of the most widely publicized cases, 19-year-old Timothy Piazza died after an alcohol-fueled bid-acceptance event at a Beta Theta Pi fraternity house. Security cameras captured him falling repeatedly, suffering severe head injuries, while fraternity brothers delayed calling 911 for nearly 12 hours. The aftermath involved dozens of criminal charges against fraternity members, extensive civil litigation, and the enactment of the comprehensive Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law in Pennsylvania. This case starkly demonstrated how extreme intoxication, institutional negligence, and a culture of silence can converge with deadly results.
• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017): Andrew Coffey, a 20-year-old FSU pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event. He was given a handle of hard liquor and consumed it rapidly. Following his death, multiple fraternity members faced criminal hazing charges, and Florida State University temporarily suspended all Greek life, overhauling its risk management and hazing policies. The Coffey case underscores the deadly formula of traditional “drinking nights” used in hazing rituals.
• Max Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (2017): Max Gruver, 18, died after a “Bible study” drinking game where pledges were forced to drink heavily whenever they answered questions incorrectly. His blood alcohol content measured an astounding 0.495%. Gruver’s death led to significant criminal prosecutions and the passage of the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, a landmark law that escalated hazing causing serious injury or death to a felony offense. This case highlighted the critical link between tragic hazing incidents and legislative reform.
• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021): During a fraternity pledge night, 20-year-old Stone Foltz was coerced into consuming almost an entire bottle of whiskey and died from alcohol poisoning. The incident resulted in multiple criminal convictions against fraternity members. In the civil realm, Foltz’s family reached a $10 million settlement in 2023, with approximately $7 million from the Pi Kappa Alpha national fraternity and about $3 million from Bowling Green State University. The outcome demonstrated that universities, even public ones, can face substantial financial and reputational consequences alongside the implicated fraternities.

Physical & Ritualized Hazing: Beyond Alcohol

While alcohol abuse dominates hazing fatalities, physical and ritualistic abuse also leads to severe injuries and deaths.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013): Michael Deng, a 19-year-old Chinese-American pledge, died during a Pi Delta Psi fraternity retreat in Pennsylvania. Blindfolded and weighted down with a heavy backpack, he was repeatedly tackled in a brutal ritual known as the “glass ceiling.” Fellow fraternity members delayed calling 911. The national fraternity itself was later criminally convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, and banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years, a landmark ruling establishing organizational criminal liability. This grim case demonstrated the dangers of off-campus “retreats” used to hide hazing from university oversight.

Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse: Not Just Greek Life

Hazing is not confined to Greek organizations. High-profile incidents have emerged from athletic programs, revealing widespread abuse hidden within institutional structures.

• Northwestern University Football (2023–2025): This scandal involved multiple former football players alleging widespread sexualized and racist hazing within the program over many years. The incidents included forced naked “dry-humping,” “ghost” hazing where players were forced to “dry-hump” under blankets, and forced consumption of alcohol and drugs. Multiple lawsuits have been filed against Northwestern University and coaching staff. Head coach Pat Fitzgerald was fired and later confidentially settled a wrongful-termination lawsuit with the university. This case highlighted that hazing extends far beyond Greek life, into prestigious, well-funded athletic programs, and raised serious questions about institutional oversight and cultural tolerance of abuse.

What These Cases Mean for Erath County Families

These grim national stories share common threads: forced intoxication, physical and psychological abuse, humiliation, dangerous delays in seeking medical care, and concerted efforts to cover up the incidents. The multi-million-dollar settlements, criminal convictions, and legislative reforms that followed these tragedies often occurred only after families pursued aggressive litigation and advocacy.

For Erath County families whose children attend or may attend universities like UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, or Baylor, these national lessons are vital. They demonstrate that the patterns of hazing are often sadly predictable, the devastating outcomes are foreseeable, and that legal action can be a powerful tool for achieving accountability and preventing future harm.

Texas Focus: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

The Manginello Law Firm serves families across Texas, including Erath County. We know that many Erath County students pursue higher education at various institutions across our state. While Stephenville in Erath County is home to Tarleton State University, many local students also choose to attend other major Texas universities. If your child is studying at a school such as Texas A&M University in College Station, which is roughly 100 miles southeast of Erath County, or the University of Texas at Austin, about 130 miles southeast, or even further at the University of Houston, or Dallas-area SMU, or Baylor in Waco, a hazing incident can leave Erath County families feeling isolated and uncertain about how to proceed. This section provides a detailed look at hazing at these major Texas universities, connecting relevant incidents and policies to ensure Erath County families understand their rights and options no matter where their child attends school.

5.1 University of Houston (UH)

The University of Houston, a vibrant urban campus with a diverse student body, has an active Greek life and numerous student organizations. For Erath County families whose students attend UH, understanding its specific dynamics is key. When incidents occur at UH, the Houston Police Department and potentially the Harris County District Attorney’s office may be involved in criminal matters, while civil suits would proceed in Harris County courts.

5.1.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

UH is a large and growing Tier One research university, blending a commuter population with an expanding residential community. Its Greek system, encompassing Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic, Multicultural Greek Council (MGC), and National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) chapters, is a significant part of student life. Hazing at UH can occur within any of these groups, as well as in other traditional student organizations and sports clubs.

5.1.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

The University of Houston maintains a strict anti-hazing policy, clearly prohibiting any act that endangers the mental or physical health of a student for purposes of initiation or membership. This prohibition extends to activities on or off-campus and includes forced consumption of alcohol/food/drugs, sleep deprivation, physical mistreatment, and mental distress. UH provides several reporting channels, including the Dean of Students Office, the Office of Student Conduct, and the UH Police Department. The university often publishes a statement on hazing on its website, outlining its stance and reporting mechanisms.

5.1.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

UH has faced its share of hazing allegations and disciplinary actions:

• 2016 Pi Kappa Alpha Case: In a notable incident, pledges of the Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) fraternity at UH allegedly endured deprivation of food, water, and sleep during a multi-day “initiation” event. One student reportedly suffered a lacerated spleen after being physically assaulted by being slammed onto a table or similar surface. The chapter faced misdemeanor hazing charges filed by the Harris County District Attorney’s Office and received a lengthy university suspension. This case highlighted the severe physical dangers inherent in hazing.
• Ongoing Disciplinary Actions: Beyond specific lawsuits, UH’s records reflect a pattern of disciplinary actions against various fraternities and other student organizations for behaviors classified as hazing, often involving alcohol misuse, physical endurance activities, and other violations “likely to produce mental or physical discomfort.” These actions range from probation to suspension of organizational recognition.

UH’s willingness to suspend chapters demonstrates a commitment to enforcing its policies, but the persistent nature of hazing indicates ongoing challenges in prevention and oversight.

5.1.4 How a UH Hazing Case Might Proceed

For Erath County residents involved in a UH hazing incident, the legal journey typically begins with an investigation by the UH Police Department, the Houston Police Department, or both, depending on where the incident occurred and its severity. Criminal charges would be prosecuted by the Harris County District Attorney’s Office. Civil lawsuits, seeking compensation for injuries and damages, would typically be filed in civil district courts within Harris County (Houston).

Potential defendants in a UH hazing case could include the individual students directly responsible, the local chapter, the national fraternity or sorority, and potentially the University of Houston itself, along with any relevant property owners or third-party organizers.

5.1.5 What UH Students & Parents Should Do

Erath County students attending the University of Houston and their parents should take proactive steps if hazing is suspected:

• Know UH’s Reporting Mechanisms: Familiarize yourselves with the Dean of Students Office (for student conduct issues), the UH Police Department (for criminal matters), and any anonymous online reporting forms provided by the university.
• Document and Record: Preserve all evidence, including screenshots of group chats from apps like GroupMe or WhatsApp, photos of injuries or events, and any official communications from the organization.
• Keep Records of Prior Incidents: If you are aware of previous hazing allegations or disciplinary actions against a specific UH organization, document this information. Such a history can be critical in demonstrating a pattern of neglect or institutional knowledge.
• Consult a Houston-Based Hazing Attorney: An attorney experienced in Houston-based hazing cases, like The Manginello Law Firm, can help navigate the complexities of university investigations, local law enforcement, and civil litigation, ensuring that prior disciplinary records and internal files are properly uncovered and utilized. We understand the local legal landscape in Harris County.
• Prioritize Safety First: If you or your child are in immediate danger, always seek help from 911 or UHPD first.

5.2 Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University in College Station is a significant destination for Erath County students, given its academic rigor and rich traditions. If a hazing incident involves a student from Erath County at Texas A&M, local law enforcement such as the College Station Police Department or the Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD) will likely be involved, with any criminal proceedings taking place in Brazos County. Civil actions would also be heard in Brazos County courts.

5.2.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

Texas A&M is renowned for its deep-rooted traditions, especially those associated with the Corps of Cadets, which fosters a distinctive military-style environment. Alongside the Corps, the university boasts a vast and active Greek life, including IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, and multicultural organizations. The intense loyalty and emphasis on tradition at Texas A&M, while often positive, can contribute to an environment where hazing is rationalized as a rite of passage for new members, whether in the Corps, Greek life, or other student groups.

5.2.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Texas A&M unequivocally prohibits hazing, articulating this in its Student Rules and policies. The university’s definition of hazing aligns with Texas state law, encompassing any act that causes or is likely to cause mental or physical discomfort, intimidation, humiliation, or endangerment. Reporting channels include the Department of Student Life, the Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD), and various anonymous reporting options available through the university’s Division of Student Affairs.

5.2.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

Texas A&M has faced multiple significant hazing incidents:

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) Chemical Burns Lawsuit (around 2021): In a particularly egregious case, two pledges of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity at Texas A&M alleged severe hazing that involved being covered in a mixture of industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit during a strenuous physical activity. This resulted in serious chemical burns on their bodies, requiring multiple skin graft surgeries. The pledges subsequently filed a $1 million lawsuit against the fraternity, which was suspended for two years by the university. This incident underscored the extreme and dangerous tactics used in modern hazing.
• Corps of Cadets Hazing Allegations (2023): Beyond Greek life, the Corps of Cadets has also been the subject of hazing allegations. In 2023, a former cadet filed a lawsuit alleging degrading hazing, including simulated sexual acts and being bound in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. The lawsuit, seeking over $1 million, highlighted that hazing extends to tradition-rich organizations beyond fraternities. While Texas A&M stated it handled the matter internally under its own rules, the incident emphasized the ongoing potential for abuse within its revered institutions.

These incidents demonstrate that despite the university’s anti-hazing policies, serious abuse can occur in both Greek organizations and flagship traditions like the Corps of Cadets.

5.2.4 How a Texas A&M Hazing Case Might Proceed

For Erath County families, navigating a hazing case at Texas A&M would involve working with law enforcement agencies such as the College Station Police Department or Texas A&M UPD for criminal investigations. Prosecutions would take place in Brazos County. Civil lawsuits seeking damages against liable parties—individuals, the local chapter, national organizations, and potentially the university—would also proceed in Brazos County civil courts.

Given A&M’s status as a public university, potential legal actions against the institution itself would need to navigate the complexities of sovereign immunity, though exceptions for gross negligence or Title IX violations might apply.

5.2.5 What Texas A&M Students & Parents Should Do

Erath County students at Texas A&M and their parents should consider the following actions:

• Understand A&M’s Reporting System: Familiarize yourselves with the Division of Student Affairs, Student Conduct Office, and A&M UPD as official reporting channels.
• Carefully Document All Evidence: Due to the often secretive nature of hazing, especially within strong traditional groups like the Corps, meticulous evidence collection (group chats, photos, medical records) is vital. Attorney911’s video on using your cell phone to document a legal case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) provides essential guidance.
• Assess Previous Violations: Reviewing available public records or official university statements regarding past hazing incidents, particularly within the Corps or specific Greek organizations, can provide critical context.
• Seek Legal Counsel Specializing in Texas Hazing: An attorney with experience in hazing litigation across Texas, including cases against public universities and institutions like the Texas A&M Corps of Cadets, can provide invaluable assistance. We understand the cultural nuances and legal complexities that differentiate a hazing claim at A&M.
• Prioritize Well-being: If a student is suffering emotionally or physically, immediate access to medical and psychological support is paramount before any other steps.

5.3 University of Texas at Austin (UT)

The University of Texas at Austin is a premier institution, drawing many students from Erath County and across the state. A hazing incident involving a UT Austin student would involve the University of Texas Police Department (UTPD) and/or the Austin Police Department, with criminal cases filed in Travis County. Civil lawsuits would similarly be heard in Travis County courts.

5.3.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

UT Austin is one of the largest universities in Texas, celebrated for its academic prowess and vibrant campus life. Its Greek community, comprising a wide array of fraternities and sororities, plays a significant role in student social circles. Beyond Greek life, UT has numerous spirit organizations, athletic clubs, and student groups, many of which also contend with hazing allegations. The university’s strong traditions and social scene can sometimes create environments where hazing is normalized or disguised.

5.3.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

The University of Texas at Austin maintains a clear and comprehensive anti-hazing policy. Its definition of hazing is consistent with Texas state law, broadly prohibiting any activity that causes or is likely to cause physical or mental harm for initiation or membership purposes. What sets UT apart is its commitment to transparency: the university notably maintains a public Hazing Violations webpage (hazing.utexas.edu) that lists organizations, details of past conduct, and subsequent sanctions. This publicly accessible record is invaluable for students, parents, and those pursuing legal action. Reporting channels include the Dean of Students Office, the Student Conduct Administrator, and UTPD.

5.3.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

UT Austin’s public hazing log reveals a consistent pattern of incidents over the years:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) (2023): The Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity at UT was sanctioned after an investigation revealed new members were directed to consume excessive amounts of milk and perform strenuous calisthenics. This activity was found to constitute hazing, resulting in chapter probation and mandates for new hazing-prevention education.
• Texas Wranglers and Other Spirit Organizations: UT’s log also documents disciplinary actions against various spirit organizations and social groups, such as the Texas Wranglers. Violations have included forced workouts, alcohol-related hazing, and punishment-based practices designed to degrade or intimidate new members.
• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) Assault Case (January 2024): Highlighting the dangers, an Australian exchange student sued the Sigma Alpha Epsilon chapter at UT for over $1 million after allegedly suffering a dislocated leg, broken ligaments, a fractured tibia, and a broken nose during an assault at a fraternity party. This chapter was already under suspension for prior hazing and safety violations, underscoring a pattern of misconduct.

The transparency provided by UT’s public hazing log, while commendable, also serves as a stark reminder of the ongoing struggle with hazing on campus. Repeated violations, even after sanctions, indicate the deeply entrenched nature of these harmful practices.

5.3.4 How a UT Austin Hazing Case Might Proceed

For Erath County students and their families navigating a hazing incident at UT Austin, criminal investigations could involve UTPD or the Austin Police Department, with prosecutions handled by the Travis County District Attorney’s Office. Civil lawsuits, aimed at securing compensation from individual perpetrators, the local chapter, national organizations, and potentially the university, would be filed and litigated in the civil district courts of Travis County (Austin).

UT’s status as a public institution means that specific legal theories would need to be employed to overcome sovereign immunity when pursuing claims against the university itself. However, the university’s public record of prior violations can be a powerful tool for plaintiffs, demonstrating foreseeability and institutional knowledge of ongoing risks.

5.3.5 What UT Austin Students & Parents Should Do

Erath County residents with students at UT Austin should take these steps if hazing is a concern:

• Review UT’s Public Hazing Violations Log: This online resource (hazing.utexas.edu) is a unique and valuable tool for checking an organization’s history of misconduct.
• Utilize UT’s Reporting Channels: Know how to contact the Dean of Students, Student Conduct Administrator, or UTPD directly.
• Prioritize Evidence Collection: Secure all available digital evidence (texts, photos, videos) and medical documentation.
• Seek Legal Expertise for UT Hazing Cases: An attorney knowledgeable about UT Austin’s specific policies, its public incident logs, and the intricacies of Texas hazing law can use this information to build a compelling case. The transparency of UT’s disciplinary records can significantly strengthen a civil claim for families.
• Understand Sovereign Immunity: Be aware that suing a public university like UT Austin involves distinct legal challenges which an experienced attorney can help navigate.

5.4 Southern Methodist University (SMU)

Southern Methodist University in Dallas, while more distant from Erath County than other campuses, still attracts students from throughout Texas. Families from Erath County with children at SMU encountering hazing would typically engage with the SMU Police Department and/or the Dallas Police Department for criminal investigations, with prosecutions handled in Dallas County. Civil lawsuits would also proceed in Dallas County courts.

5.4.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

SMU is a private university in Dallas known for its scenic campus and strong Greek life. The Panhellenic Council, Interfraternity Council (IFC), and NPHC councils represent a significant portion of the student body, fostering an active social scene. The university’s strong emphasis on tradition and philanthropy within its Greek community can, unfortunately, also sometimes mask hazing rituals that cross the line into abuse and endangerment.

5.4.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

SMU strictly prohibits hazing, defining it broadly to include any action that causes or is likely to cause mental or physical discomfort, humiliation, or endangerment as part of initiation or membership. The university’s hazing policies conform to Texas state law. SMU emphasizes hazing prevention through various initiatives and provides reporting channels via the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct, and the SMU Police Department. The university often promotes anonymous reporting systems, such as “Real Response,” to encourage students to come forward without fear of retaliation.

5.4.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

SMU, despite its private status and often more discreet handling of internal matters, has had its share of hazing allegations:

• Kappa Alpha Order Incident (2017): One notable incident involved the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity, where new members were reportedly subjected to egregious physical hazing. Allegations included forced paddling, excessive alcohol consumption, and severe sleep deprivation. The chapter faced an extensive university investigation, resulting in its suspension for several years and placing significant restrictions on its ability to recruit new members.
• Ongoing Disciplinary Actions: While SMU does not maintain a publicly accessible hazing violations log akin to UT Austin, internal records and occasional public statements confirm that various Greek and student organizations have faced disciplinary action for hazing-related offenses over the years. These range from alcohol violations during new member events to more severe physical or psychological abuse.

The private nature of SMU means that information about specific disciplinary actions may be less transparent than at public universities. However, the use of internal reporting systems and the university’s response to incidents demonstrate an active, albeit internally managed, effort to address hazing.

5.4.4 How an SMU Hazing Case Might Proceed

For Erath County families managing an SMU hazing incident, criminal investigations would involve the SMU Police Department or the Dallas Police Department, with prosecutions handled by the Dallas County District Attorney’s Office. Civil lawsuits, seeking compensation from individuals, the local chapter, national organizations, and SMU itself, would typically be filed and litigated in the civil district courts of Dallas County.

Unlike public universities, private institutions like SMU generally do not enjoy sovereign immunity, which can simplify the legal avenues for pursuing claims against the university directly. However, private institutions often employ aggressive legal defense strategies, requiring experienced counsel.

5.4.5 What SMU Students & Parents Should Do

Erath County students at SMU and their parents should consider the following actions:

• Utilize SMU’s Reporting Systems: Report concerns immediately to the Dean of Students, Office of Student Conduct, SMU Police, or use anonymous reporting tools like “Real Response.”
• Diligent Evidence Collection: Since public transparency is less common at private universities, meticulously collecting and preserving digital and physical evidence (group chats, photos, medical records) becomes even more critical.
• Immediate Legal Consultation: Given SMU’s private status and potentially less public information, consulting with an attorney experienced in Texas hazing litigation is crucial from the outset. An attorney can help ascertain past disciplinary actions through discovery and navigate the unique legal challenges presented by private institutions.
• Focus on Individual and Organizational Liability: While universities like SMU are not protected by sovereign immunity, a comprehensive legal strategy should still target all liable parties, including individuals and national organizations.
• Prioritize Mental Health Support: Hazing can be particularly damaging psychologically. SMU offers counseling services, and external mental health professionals can provide crucial support.

5.5 Baylor University

Baylor University in Waco is another significant institution for students across Texas, including those from Erath County. Hazing incidents involving Baylor students would typically lead to investigations by the Baylor Police Department and/or the Waco Police Department, with criminal prosecutions occurring in McLennan County. Civil lawsuits would proceed in McLennan County courts.

5.5.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

Baylor University is the largest Baptist university in the world, with a unique blend of strong religious identity and highly competitive academic and athletic programs. Its campus culture often emphasizes spiritual growth and community, but like other institutions, it also hosts active Greek life, numerous student organizations, and high-profile athletic teams. This combination of spiritual values, strong traditions, and athletic pressure forms a complex environment where hazing incidents, when they occur, often clash sharply with the university’s stated mission.

5.5.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Baylor University strictly prohibits hazing, defining it in accordance with Texas state law to cover any act that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student for the purpose of initiation or membership. Baylor’s policies extend to all recognized student organizations, emphasizing a “zero-tolerance” approach. Reporting channels include the Baylor Department of Public Safety (police), the Dean of Students Office, and specific offices dedicated to student conduct and Title IX, reflecting its prior history with high-profile misconduct cases.

5.4.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

Baylor’s history includes notable incidents beyond general Greek life hazing, particularly within its highly visible athletic programs:

• Baylor Baseball Hazing Scandal (2020): This incident led to significant disciplinary action. Following an investigation into hazing allegations, 14 members of the Baylor baseball team were suspended. The suspensions were staggered through the early part of the season, indicating a widespread problem within the program. This incident underscored that hazing is not limited to fraternities and sororities and can occur even in high-visibility athletic teams.
• Broader Cultural Scrutiny: Baylor has faced intense national scrutiny in recent years regarding its handling of sexual assault allegations within its football program, which led to significant changes in leadership and policy. While distinct from hazing, this history has underscored the challenges Baylor has faced in institutional oversight regarding student welfare and the potential for a “win-at-all-costs” culture to breed misconduct. This context is important when considering any broader patterns of institutional neglect regarding student safety, including hazing.

These incidents demonstrate that even within universities with strong moral codes and recent experiences with institutional crises, hazardous student behaviors, including hazing, can persist.

5.4.4 How a Baylor Hazing Case Might Proceed

For Erath County families dealing with a hazing incident at Baylor, criminal investigations would involve the Baylor Police Department or the Waco Police Department, with prosecutions handled by the McLennan County District Attorney’s Office. Civil lawsuits, seeking compensation from individuals, local chapters, national organizations, and Baylor University itself, would be filed and litigated in the civil district courts of McLennan County (Waco).

As a private university, Baylor does not benefit from sovereign immunity, making it a direct potential defendant in civil litigation. However, private universities often have substantial resources for legal defense, necessitating robust and experienced legal representation from the plaintiff’s side.

5.4.5 What Baylor Students & Parents Should Do

Erath County residents with students at Baylor University should consider these actions if hazing is suspected:

• Utilize Baylor’s Reporting Channels: Report concerns immediately to the Baylor Department of Public Safety (police), the Dean of Students Office, or the Title IX Office, especially if gender-based harassment is involved.
• Document and Preserve: Meticulously collect all digital evidence (group chats, photos, videos) and medical documentation. Given Baylor’s reputation and prior scrutiny, detailed record-keeping is particularly important.
• Seek Immediate Legal Counsel: An attorney with experience in Texas hazing litigation is crucial, especially when dealing with private universities and their potentially less transparent internal processes. An attorney can help uncover prior disciplinary actions and navigate the university’s specific internal procedures.
• Consider the Broader Context: Understand that Baylor’s history of challenges with institutional oversight, even if related to different incidents like sexual assault, can influence how hazing claims might be legally framed and pursued, often pointing to a pattern of inadequate student protection.
• Prioritize Student Welfare: Ensure immediate medical and psychological support is sought for any affected student, documenting all elements of their physical and emotional recovery.

Fraternities & Sororities: Campus-Specific + National Histories

The patterns of hazing in Texas are often deeply intertwined with both the local campus culture and the broader national histories of Greek letter organizations. For Erath County families, understanding these connections is vital in holding responsible parties accountable. When your child is subjected to hazing at schools like UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, or Baylor, it is rarely an isolated, one-off event. More often, it’s a tragic continuation of dangerous traditions that national fraternities and sororities have ignored or inadequately addressed for years.

Why National Histories Matter

Most fraternities and sororities with chapters at Texas universities are part of large national organizations. These national headquarters typically:

• Possess extensive anti-hazing manuals and risk management policies. These documents are often well-developed precisely because the national organizations have been implicated in numerous hazing-related deaths and catastrophic injuries at campuses across the country.
• Are aware of recurring hazing patterns. They know the script: forced drinking nights, physically abusive “traditions,” humiliating rituals, and the pressure for pledges to comply. These patterns are documented in prior lawsuits, news reports, and internal incident logs.

When a chapter at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, or Baylor repeats the same dangerous scripts that have caused injuries or deaths at other chapters in different states, it can demonstrate foreseeability. Such a history can support strong arguments for negligence or even punitive damages against the national entities. It shows they knew, or should have known, that such hazing was a substantial risk within their organization but failed to take adequate preventative or enforcement actions.

Organization Mapping: Connecting Local to National Patterns

While we cannot list every single chapter and its history, we can highlight how certain national fraternities and sororities have consistently been embroiled in hazing controversies, and why this is relevant to their chapters across Texas universities:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ / Pike): This fraternity has a national history marred by severe hazing incidents, particularly those involving alcohol. The tragic death of Stone Foltz at Bowling Green State University (2021), where a pledge was forced to drink an entire bottle of whiskey, and the $10 million settlement that followed, is a stark example. Pi Kappa Alpha chapters at Texas universities like UH and UT Austin have also faced hazing allegations. This pattern suggests that the national organization has had repeated warnings about the dangers of its “Big/Little” rituals or similar alcohol-fueled hazing but has struggled to enforce effective change.
• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ / SAE): SAE has arguably one of the most extensive and tragic national hazing histories, including multiple hazing-related deaths and severe injuries nationwide involving alcohol and physical abuse. Lawsuits alleging traumatic brain injury at the University of Alabama (filed 2023) and chemical burns at Texas A&M (around 2021) demonstrate the varied and dangerous nature of its alleged hazing practices. The chapter at UT Austin faced a lawsuit in January 2024 for an alleged assault. Despite national efforts, the consistent recurrence of such incidents across chapters, including those at Texas A&M and UT Austin, raises serious questions about the national organization’s ability to control its local affiliates.
• Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ): The death of Max Gruver at LSU (2017) from alcohol poisoning during a “Bible study” drinking game directly led to Louisiana’s felony hazing law. This infamous case demonstrates a specific form of alcohol hazing that has been replicated in various forms. Chapters at Texas universities, including Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor, operate under the shadow of this national history.
• Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ): The alcohol poisoning death of Andrew Coffey at Florida State University (2017) during a “Big Brother Night” revealed another tragic instance of coerced drinking. This type of event, commonplace in many fraternities, demonstrates a foreseeable risk that national Pi Kappa Phi has been repeatedly warned about.
• Kappa Alpha Order (ΚΑ): While some other fraternities have more high-profile fatalities, Kappa Alpha Order has a consistent history of hazing allegations, often involving physical abuse and alcohol. Its chapter at SMU has faced significant suspensions (including in 2017) due to hazing. The pattern suggests issues with leadership accountability and adherence to anti-hazing policies across its affiliated chapters, particularly in the Southeast.
• Beta Theta Pi (ΒΘΠ): Despite the tragic death of Timothy Piazza at Penn State (2017), Beta Theta Pi chapters, including those at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor, remain under scrutiny. The Piazza case highlighted egregious delays in seeking medical attention and a pervasive culture of cover-up, issues that the national organization is on notice to prevent.
• Sigma Chi (ΣΧ): A $10 million+ settlement for hazing at the College of Charleston (2024) and an alcohol poisoning case at UT Arlington (2020) demonstrate Sigma Chi’s exposure to severe hazing litigation. Chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, and Baylor should be particularly aware of the financial consequences of such actions.
• Kappa Sigma (ΚΣ): The $12.6 million jury verdict in the wrongful death case of Chad Meredith at the University of Miami (2001) established a significant precedent for hazing liability. More recently, allegations of severe physical hazing (leading to rhabdomyolysis) at Texas A&M (2023) show ongoing issues. Kappa Sigma chapters across Texas campuses like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor have a national history that demands rigorous adherence to anti-hazing policies.

This is not an exhaustive list, but it highlights that hazing is not merely a local problem. It is a deeply systemic issue within many national Greek-letter organizations.

Tie Back to Legal Strategy: Foreseeability and Accountability

These patterns across states and campuses are highly relevant to legal strategy. They demonstrate that certain organizations have disregarded repeated warnings and have allowed dangerous practices to persist. In a civil lawsuit, and particularly for families in Erath County whose child was injured at an affiliated campus, this national history can be used to argue that:

• Foreseeability: The national organization knew, or should have known, that their chapters were engaged in dangerous hazing practices because similar incidents had occurred repeatedly elsewhere. The injury was therefore a foreseeable outcome of their failure to adequately supervise or intervene.
• Negligent Oversight: Despite having anti-hazing policies, the national organization allegedly failed to meaningfully enforce them, conduct proper oversight, or aggressively respond to prior incidents, thereby contributing to the environment where hazing continued.
• Punitive Damages: In cases of gross negligence or willful disregard for safety, a history of similar incidents can support arguments for punitive damages, designed not just to compensate the victim but to punish the defendant and deter future misconduct.

Understanding these national patterns, and how they apply to particular chapters at Texas universities, is crucial for building a strong case for accountability. An experienced hazing attorney can cut through the defensive tactics and connect the local incident to a broader history of institutional negligence.

Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

For Erath County families contemplating legal action after a hazing incident, understanding how a case is built is essential. Hazing litigation is complex, pitting victims against powerful institutions with vast resources. The Manginello Law Firm approaches these cases with meticulous investigation, aggressive advocacy, and a deep understanding of the unique challenges involved.

Evidence: The Foundation of Your Claim

In hazing cases, evidence disappears quickly. The immediate preservation and skillful collection of information are paramount. We gather and analyze various forms of evidence, both traditional and cutting-edge:

• Digital Communications: This is often the most critical category of evidence in modern hazing cases. GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Slack, and even fraternity-specific apps are where hazing plans are often made, instructions are given, and incidents are discussed. We seek to preserve:
  • Full chat histories: Including participant names, timestamps, and context, not just isolated messages.
  • Direct Messages (DMs): Private conversations between members or pledges.
  • Ephemeral messages: Even messages designed to disappear on platforms like Snapchat or Instagram can sometimes be recovered through forensic analysis or often, screenshots taken by worried students.
  • Cloud backups: Phone backups can sometimes hold deleted messages.
• Photos & Videos: Visual evidence is incredibly powerful.
  • Content filmed by members: Many hazing incidents are filmed, either for “memories” or to shame pledges. We prioritize identifying and preserving this content.
  • Social media posts: Even seemingly innocuous posts, like photos of events or location tags, can provide crucial context.
  • Security Camera Footage: From the university, private residences (Ring/doorbell), or businesses.
• Internal Organization Documents: These shed light on a chapter’s or national organization’s practices and knowledge:
  • Pledge manuals and initiation scripts: Revealing planned “traditions” and rituals.
  • Emails, texts, or meeting minutes: Among officers discussing new member activities.
  • National policies and training materials: To demonstrate what the national organization knew or should have known about hazing risks.
• University Records: These can unveil a history of problems:
  • Prior conduct files: Documenting warnings, probation, or suspensions against the specific organization or individuals.
  • Campus police incident reports: Detailing previous hazing or related criminal activity.
  • Clery Act reports: Annual crime statistics that can highlight patterns of on-campus issues.
• Medical and Psychological Records: Crucial for documenting the extent of harm.
  • Emergency Room & Hospitalization Records: Detailing immediate medical interventions.
  • Toxicology Reports: Especially relevant in alcohol or drug-related hazing.
  • Psychological Evaluations: Documenting the impact of trauma, such as PTSD, depression, anxiety, or suicidal ideation.
• Witness Testimony: The accounts of individuals who observed or participated in the hazing are invaluable.
  • Other pledges, members, roommates, coaches, or trainers: Those who saw what happened.
  • Former members: Individuals who quit or were expelled for refusing to haze, often a powerful source of information.

Damages: Recovering What Was Lost

When hazing leaves a student injured, traumatized, or worse, the law provides for compensation for the harm suffered. For Erath County families, understanding the scope of potential damages is key:

• Economic Damages: These are quantifiable financial losses.
  • Medical Bills & Future Care: Covering emergency care, hospital stays, surgeries, ongoing physical therapy, medications, and, in severe cases, the lifetime care planning for catastrophic injuries like brain damage or organ damage.
  • Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: This includes lost wages from missed work, tuition and fees for semesters missed, loss of scholarships, and the delayed graduation or diminished earning capacity if injuries lead to permanent disabilities.
• Non-Economic Damages: These compensate for subjective, non-financial forms of suffering.
  • Physical Pain and Suffering: For immediate and ongoing pain from injuries.
  • Emotional Distress & Trauma: Covering the profound psychological impact—PTSD, severe anxiety, depression, humiliation, and loss of dignity.
  • Loss of Enjoyment of Life: For the inability to participate in activities once enjoyed, and the overall diminished quality of life.
• Wrongful Death Damages: In tragic cases where hazing results in death, surviving family members (parents, children, spouse) can seek compensation for:
  • Funeral and burial costs.
  • Loss of financial support and inheritance.
  • Loss of companionship, love, and society.
  • Emotional harm and grief experienced by the surviving family members.
  • Attorney911 has extensive wrongful death experience (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/), having recovered millions for families in catastrophic cases.

Role of Different Defendants and Insurance Coverage

Hazing cases often involve multiple defendants, each with their own legal counsel and, crucially, insurance policies. National fraternities and universities typically carry substantial liability insurance. However, their insurers often strategically:

• Argue Exclusions: Claiming their policy excludes coverage for “intentional acts” like hazing or criminal behavior.
• Dispute Coverage: Asserting the policy does not cover certain defendants or types of incidents.
• Delay Payment: Using various tactics to prolong the claims process.

This is where expert legal representation becomes indispensable. Seasoned hazing attorneys:

• Identify all potential sources of insurance coverage, including homeowners’ policies of individual members, local chapter policies, national organization policies, and university umbrella policies.
• Navigate complex disputes with insurers over policy language, exclusions, and duty to defend.
• Force insurance companies to the negotiating table and, if necessary, pursue bad faith claims if coverage is wrongfully denied.

Our firm’s lead associate, Lupe Peña, brings invaluable insight from her previous career as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/). She understands the strategies insurance companies employ, allowing us to anticipate their moves and build stronger cases for our clients.

Practical Guides & FAQs

When hazing strikes, families in Erath County are often left feeling helpless and unsure of where to turn. This section provides immediate, actionable advice for parents, students, and even former members or witnesses, empowering them to respond effectively and protect their rights.

8.1 For Parents: When You Suspect Hazing

Your intuition as a parent is often your strongest tool. If something feels off, investigate.

Warning Signs of Hazing:

• Unexplained injuries or repeated “accidents”: Bruises, burns, cuts, or physical ailments that don’t have a clear or consistent explanation. Your child might make excuses like “I fell” or “just a sports injury” that don’t quite add up.
• Extreme fatigue or sleep deprivation: Constant exhaustion beyond normal college stress, frequent late nights with required attendance, or calls/texts demanding immediate response throughout the night.
• Drastic changes in mood or behavior: Sudden anxiety, depression, increased irritability, withdrawal from family or old friends, or defensiveness when asked about their organization’s activities.
• Secretive phone use for group chats: Your child constantly monitoring their phone, jumping when it rings, or immediately deleting messages. They may fear missing “mandatory” events or punishments.
• Sudden financial strain: Unexpected needs for large sums of money, “fines,” or purchasing excessive alcohol/items for older members.

How to Talk to Your Child:
Approach the conversation with empathy, not judgment. Start with open-ended questions like, “How are things really going with [organization]? Is everything okay?” Emphasize that their safety and well-being are your top priorities, far above any organizational membership. Reassure them that you will support them, regardless of their choices or what they may have done.

If Your Child is Hurt:

• Get medical attention immediately. Prioritize their physical and mental health. Insist on a thorough check-up.
• Document everything. Photograph any injuries, physical evidence, and screenshot texts or group chats on their phone.
• Save names, dates, and locations. Write down everything your child tells you while details are fresh.

Dealing with the University:
Document every communication with university administrators. Ask specific questions about:

• Prior hazing incidents involving the same organization.
• The university’s past responses and disciplinary actions.
  Always remember, the university’s priority is often to protect its own reputation, so proceed carefully and with legal guidance.

When to Talk to a Lawyer:
If your child has suffered significant physical or psychological harm, or if you feel the university or organization is minimizing or hiding what happened, it’s time to consult an experienced hazing attorney. We can help you understand your legal options and protect your child’s rights.

8.2 For Students / Pledges: Know Your Rights and Your Safety

You are not alone, and you have rights.

Is This Hazing or Just Tradition?
Ask yourself: Am I being coerced or pressured to do something I genuinely don’t want to do? Am I unsafe, humiliated, or physically endangered? If you’re forced to drink, endure pain, or perform degrading acts, especially activities kept hidden from the public or administrators, it is very likely hazing. The desire for belonging does not make illegal activities acceptable or safe.

Why “Consent” Isn’t the End of the Story:
Even if you verbally “agreed” or signed a waiver, Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. Courts recognize that in environments with intense peer pressure, power imbalances, and the fear of social exclusion or being “cut,” true voluntary consent is often impossible. You are not to blame because you were exploited.

Exiting and Reporting Safely:
If you are in immediate danger, call 911 or campus police. Get to a safe place. You have the legal right to leave your pledge process or organization at any time, no matter what they tell you. Send an email to the chapter president or new member educator stating your resignation. If you fear retaliation, report those fears to the Dean of Students or campus police; formal university processes exist to protect whistleblowers.

Good-Faith Reporting and Amnesty:
Many schools and Texas law offer protections (amnesty or limited immunity) for students who call for help in an emergency, even if underage drinking or other minor offenses were involved. Your safety and the safety of others is always the priority.

8.3 For Former Members / Witnesses

If you were once involved in hazing, whether as a victim or a participant, and now regret it, your testimony can be critical.

• Acknowledge Your Role: It takes immense courage to come forward. Acknowledge any guilt or fear you may feel. You are not alone, and your voice can make a difference.
• Prevent Future Harm: Your testimony and any evidence you possess can literally prevent future injuries and save lives. It can help hold responsible parties accountable and force systemic change.
• Seek Legal Advice: If you have concerns about your own legal exposure, consult with Attorney911. Our criminal defense experience (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/) means we can advise on potential criminal charges while navigating your role as a witness or even a co-defendant. We can help you understand your options and ensure your rights are protected throughout the process.

8.4 Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

The aftermath of a hazing incident is chaotic, and well-meaning actions can inadvertently damage a future legal claim. Based on decades of experience, we warn Erath County families about these critical errors. You can also watch Attorney911’s video on client mistakes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY.

1. Letting Your Child Delete Messages or “Clean Up” Evidence: Parents often fear their child getting into more trouble, but deleting crucial evidence like group chats, photos, or videos can devastate a legal case. It can even be seen as obstruction. Instead: Preserve everything immediately, even if it’s embarrassing.
2. Confronting the Fraternity/Sorority Directly: While your anger is understandable, directly confronting the organization will immediately put them on guard. They will likely lawyer up, instruct members to destroy evidence, coach witnesses, and prepare their defense. Instead: Document everything privately, then contact an attorney before any direct communication.
3. Signing University “Release” or “Resolution” Forms: Universities may pressure families to sign waivers or “internal resolution” agreements in exchange for an expedited process or minor concessions. Instead: Never sign anything from the university without having an attorney review it first. You could unknowingly waive your right to pursue a civil lawsuit.
4. Posting Details on Social Media Before Talking to a Lawyer: Sharing graphic details or accusations on public social media can be used against you by defense attorneys. Inconsistencies or emotional posts can harm credibility and potentially waive certain legal privileges. Instead: Keep all such documentation private and follow your lawyer’s guidance on public communications.
5. Letting Your Child Go Back to “One Last Meeting”: Organizations often try to persuade students to attend “one last meeting” to “clear the air” or “talk things through.” This is frequently an attempt to pressure, intimidate, or extract statements that can later be used to undermine your case. Instead: Once you’re considering legal action, all communications with the organization should typically go through your attorney.
6. Waiting “to see how the university handles it”: Universities often promise internal investigations and disciplinary action. While these are important, they are often slow, focus on internal rule violations rather than victim compensation, and may not deliver true accountability. Instead: Evidence disappears quickly, witnesses graduate, and the statute of limitations can expire. Preserve evidence now and consult a lawyer immediately, understanding that the university process is separate from pursuing real legal accountability.
7. Talking to Insurance Adjusters Without a Lawyer: Insurance adjusters, whether for the university, the national fraternity, or individual members, are not on your side. Their goal is to minimize payouts. Recorded statements or early settlement offers are designed to reduce their liability. Instead: Politely decline to speak with them and state, “My attorney will contact you.”

8.5 Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
  Yes, under certain circumstances, you can. Public universities in Texas, like UH, Texas A&M, and UT, have some sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individual employees in their personal capacity. Private universities, such as SMU and Baylor, have fewer immunity protections. Every case hinges on its specific facts. Contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.
• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
  Yes, it can be. Texas law classifies hazing as a Class B misdemeanor by default. However, it escalates to a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. This means individuals found guilty could face jail time, not just fines. Individual officers who fail to report known hazing can also face charges.
• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
  Absolutely. Texas Education Code § 37.155 is explicit: consent is not a defense to hazing. The law recognizes that “agreement” under duress, intense peer pressure, or the fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent. Your child’s rights are protected even if they felt they had no choice but to participate.
• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit?”
  In Texas, you generally have two years from the date of injury or death to file a hazing lawsuit. This is known as the statute of limitations. However, in cases involving cover-ups, fraud, or if the harm wasn’t immediately apparent, the “discovery rule” may extend this period. Because evidence disappears, witnesses’ memories fade, and organizations may destroy records, time is critical. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately to discuss the specific timeline for your situation. You can learn more about the statute of limitations in our video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c.
• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
  The location of the hazing does not eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities can still be held responsible based on their sponsorship, control, knowledge, and whether the hazing was foreseeable. Many major hazing cases that resulted in multi-million-dollar judgments, such as the Pi Delta Psi retreat death or incidents at “unofficial” off-campus houses, occurred away from university property.
• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
  While every case is different, most hazing lawsuits are resolved through confidential settlements before going to trial. We work to protect your family’s privacy and can request sealed court records. Our priority is to achieve accountability while minimizing public exposure, understanding the sensitive nature of these cases.

Where the law is complex or depends heavily on unique details, always consult with a qualified attorney to review the specific facts of your situation.

About The Manginello Law Firm + Call to Action

When your family in Erath County faces the devastating consequences of hazing, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. At The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, we are the Legal Emergency Lawyers™—a Houston-based Texas personal injury firm with deep experience in serious injury, wrongful death, and institutional accountability cases, and we serve families throughout the state, including Erath County and the surrounding region.

For Hazing Cases, Attorney911 Offers Unique Qualifications:

• Insurance Insider Advantage with Lupe Peña: Our lead associate, Lupe Peña, brings invaluable insight from her previous career as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/). She understands exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies value (and often undervalue) hazing claims, their delay tactics, coverage exclusion arguments, and settlement strategies. We know their playbook because we used to run it.
• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions with Ralph Manginello: Our managing partner, Ralph P. Manginello, has a proven track record in complex litigation. He was one of the few Texas attorneys involved in the historic BP Texas City explosion litigation and has extensive federal court experience. This means we are not intimidated by national fraternities, universities, or their well-resourced defense teams. We’ve taken on billion-dollar corporations and won, equipped with the knowledge of how to fight powerful defendants. You can learn more about Ralph Manginello’s credentials and case history at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/.
• Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death and Catastrophic Injury Experience: We have a proven track record in handling complex wrongful death cases, collaborating with economists to accurately value the incredible loss of life. Our experience extends to catastrophic injury cases, where we work with medical and life care planners to ensure long-term care needs for brain injuries or other permanent disabilities are fully accounted for. We don’t settle cheap; we build cases that force true accountability.
• Criminal + Civil Hazing Expertise: Ralph’s membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) provides a critical understanding of how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation. This dual perspective is invaluable, allowing us to advise witnesses, former members, and victims on navigating potential criminal exposure while pursuing civil remedies.
• Investigative Depth Built on Experience: Our firm’s background in complex personal injury cases, including refinery accidents and 18-wheeler collisions, has honed our investigative skills. We leverage a network of experts—digital forensics specialists, medical experts, economists, and psychologists—to uncover hidden evidence. This includes obtaining deleted group chats and social media evidence, subpoenaing national fraternity records to expose prior incidents, and uncovering university files through discovery and public records requests. We investigate like your child’s life depends on it—because it does.

We deeply understand not just the legal aspects, but how fraternities, sororities, Corps programs, and athletic departments operate behind closed doors. We know what makes hazing cases different: the powerful institutional defendants, the intricate insurance coverage fights, and the delicate balance between protecting victim privacy and achieving public accountability. Crucially, we understand Greek culture and the psychological dynamics of coercion, which is essential to proving hazing in court.

We know this is one of the hardest things a family can face. Our job is to get you answers, hold the right people accountable, and help prevent this from happening to another family. We focus on thorough investigation and real accountability, not just quick settlements. If you are anywhere in Erath County or across Texas, and hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone.

Call to Action for Erath County Families

If you or your child experienced hazing at any Texas campus—whether it’s Texas A&M, UT Austin, the University of Houston, SMU, Baylor, or another institution—we want to hear from you. Families in Erath County and throughout the surrounding region have the right to answers and accountability.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm today for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We will listen to what happened without judgment, explain your legal options clearly, and help you decide on the best path forward.

What to expect in your free consultation:

• We’ll listen to your story, giving you time to share details of the incident and its impact.
• We’ll review any evidence you’ve collected, such as photos, texts, or medical records.
• We’ll explain your legal options, such as pursuing a criminal report, a civil lawsuit, both, or neither.
• We’ll discuss realistic timelines and what to expect during the legal process.
• We’ll answer your questions about costs. We work on a contingency fee basis, meaning we don’t get paid unless we win your case. You can learn more about contingency fees in our video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc.
• There’s no pressure to hire us on the spot; we encourage you to take the time you need to make an informed decision. Everything you share with us is kept completely confidential.

Don’t wait. Time is often critical in hazing cases as evidence can disappear quickly.

Contact Attorney911 Today:

• Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Website Request Form: https://attorney911.com/contact/
• Email Ralph Manginello: ralph@atty911.com

Hablamos Español. If you prefer to consult in Spanish, please contact Lupe Peña directly at lupe@atty911.com. Our legal services are available in Spanish.

Reading this article does not create an attorney–client relationship. Every case is unique, and we cannot guarantee specific outcomes. An experienced attorney can review your specific facts, explain your rights under Texas law, and help you understand your options.

Whether you’re in Erath County or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. Call us today.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty910.com