The Definitive Guide to Hazing in Texas: Understanding Your Rights and Seeking Justice for Leon County Families

The cold night air hung heavy, thick with the smell of spilled beer and unspoken fear. Beneath the flickering porch light of an off-campus house near a Texas university—a scene that could unfold just hours from Leon County—a student, eager to belong, stood trembling. Older members chanted, their faces obscured by shadows and anonymity, as a handle of cheap liquor was pressed into their hands. The rules were simple, brutal, and humiliating: drink on command, answer impossible trivia, endure public ridicule. This “tradition,” they were told, was how they’d earn their place, how they’d become “family.” As the student’s vision blurred and their body grew heavy, a desperate thought surfaced: What if I can’t stop? What if something goes wrong? Others were filming on phones, laughing, but no one was truly watching out for their safety. When the student eventually collapsed, silence fell, quickly replaced by hushed panic about “getting the chapter shut down.”

This harrowing scenario is not an isolated incident or a relic of the past. It is a modern reality unfolding on campuses across our state, affecting students from communities like Leon County and beyond. The line between harmless ritual and dangerous abuse is crossed far too often, leaving behind injured bodies, shattered spirits, and heartbroken families.

We understand that if you are reading this guide, you likely have profound concerns about a student in your life. Perhaps you’ve noticed unsettling changes, heard disturbing rumors, or tragically, your child has already suffered harm. As the Legal Emergency Lawyers™ at The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, we are committed to providing Leon County families, and all Texans, with clear, comprehensive information about hazing—what it truly looks like, your legal rights, and how to seek accountability.

This guide serves as a comprehensive resource for families in Leon County and across Texas who need to understand:

• What hazing looks like in 2025, moving beyond outdated stereotypes.
• How Texas and federal law address hazing, providing pathways for justice.
• The critical lessons learned from major national hazing cases and how they apply to the safety of Texas students.
• The specific contexts of hazing at prominent Texas institutions like the University of Houston, Texas A&M University, the University of Texas at Austin, Southern Methodist University, and Baylor University.
• The legal options, including civil lawsuits, available to victims and their families in Leon County and throughout Texas.

Even if your child attends school far from Leon County, Texas hazing law and experienced Texas counsel can help. This article offers general information designed to empower and inform; it is not specific legal advice. We invite you to contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential evaluation of your individual case, as we serve families throughout Texas, including those in Leon County and its neighboring communities.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

• If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:
  • Call 911 for medical emergencies, without hesitation.
  • Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911). We provide immediate help during critical times, living up to our name as Legal Emergency Lawyers™.
• In the first 48 hours following an incident:
  • Ensure your child receives medical attention immediately, regardless of their insistence that they are “fine.” Prioritize their health and safety above all else.
  • Preserve evidence BEFORE it can be destroyed:
    • Screenshot group chats, texts, and direct messages (DMs) on ANY platform immediately. Time is of the essence as messages can be deleted.
    • Photograph any injuries from multiple angles, noting appearance over several days as bruising can sometimes worsen.
    • Save any physical items that might be evidence, such as damaged clothing, receipts for forced purchases, or any objects used during the hazing.
  • Write down everything while memory is fresh: who was involved, what happened, when it occurred (dates and times), and where. These contemporaneous notes are invaluable.
  • Crucially, do NOT:
    • Confront the fraternity, sorority, or any involved individuals directly. This can lead to evidence destruction or retaliation.
    • Sign any documents from the university or an insurance company without legal counsel review. These documents often waive critical rights.
    • Post details about the incident on public social media platforms. This can compromise your case and be used against you.
    • Allow your child to delete messages or attempt to “clean up” any evidence. This can be seen as an obstruction of justice.
• Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:
  • Evidence in hazing cases disappears rapidly (deleted group chats, destroyed physical evidence, coached witnesses).
  • Universities and organizations often move quickly to control the narrative and internal investigations.
  • An experienced attorney can help preserve critical evidence and protect your child’s rights during these crucial early stages.
  • Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for an immediate and confidential consultation.

2. Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

For Leon County families, the image of hazing might be something from a movie—a group of freshmen forced to clean a house or perform a silly stunt. But in 2025, hazing has evolved into a far more insidious and dangerous phenomenon. It’s often disguised as “team-building,” “tradition,” or “brotherhood/sisterhood” challenges, yet it consistently endangers mental and physical well-being.

At its core, hazing is any forced, coerced, or strongly pressured action tied to joining, maintaining membership, or gaining status in a group, where the behavior endangers physical or mental health, humiliates, or exploits. This means that even if a student superficially “agrees” to participate, true consent is often absent due to intense peer pressure, a desire to belong, and fear of exclusion or retribution. When there’s a power imbalance and implicit threats, “I agreed to it” does not automatically make it safe or legal.

Main Categories of Modern Hazing

Modern hazing tactics are sophisticated and, at times, difficult to identify from the outside. They often involve a combination of:

• Alcohol and Substance Hazing: This remains the most common and deadliest form of hazing. It involves forced or coerced drinking, often through dangerous “games,” rapid consumption challenges, or being pressured to consume unknown or illicit substances. “Big/little reveal” nights, “family tree” events, and “Bible study” games (where wrong answers mean forced drinking) are common scenarios.
• Physical Hazing: Beyond traditional paddling or beatings, physical hazing includes extreme calisthenics or “workouts” far exceeding normal physical conditioning, often referred to as “smokings.” Other forms include sleep deprivation, food or water deprivation, and exposure to extreme environmental conditions (e.g., cold or heat) or dangerous environments.
• Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing: This encompasses forced nudity or partial nudity, simulated sexual acts (such as “elephant walks” or “roasted pig” positions), wearing degrading costumes, and acts with racist, sexist, or homophobic overtones. The intent is often to strip individuality and enforce submission through humiliation.
• Psychological Hazing: Often overlooked but profoundly damaging, psychological hazing involves verbal abuse, threats, forced isolation from non-group members, and often, manipulative tactics. This can include public shaming on social media or in meetings, extreme secrecy demands, and constant criticism designed to break down a student’s self-esteem.
• Digital/Online Hazing: A rapidly growing area, digital hazing leverages technology. It involves group chat dares, online “challenges,” and public humiliation via platforms like Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and Discord. There is often immense pressure to create or share compromising images or videos, or to respond instantly to demands at all hours, contributing to severe sleep deprivation and anxiety. Geo-tracking through apps like Find My Friends can also be used to enforce compliance.

Where Hazing Actually Happens

Hazing is not confined to one type of organization or a single campus area. It is a systemic issue found across a wide spectrum of student groups at universities attended by Leon County students, and throughout Texas:

• Fraternities and Sororities: This includes recognized Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic Council (NPC), National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and multicultural Greek organizations.
• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / Military-Style Groups: Highly structured environments with a strong emphasis on tradition can sometimes perpetuate hazing under the guise of discipline or esprit de corps.
• Spirit Squads and Tradition Clubs: Groups like cheerleading teams, dance teams, and university spirit organizations (such as the Texas Cowboys at UT Austin) can also engage in hazing practices.
• Athletic Teams: From football and basketball to swimming, baseball, and track, hazing occurs across athletic programs at all levels, often under the guise of “team bonding” or “toughening up.”
• Marching Bands and Performance Groups: Even seemingly innocuous academic or performance groups can fall victim to hazing rituals.
• Some Service, Cultural, and Academic Organizations: Any group with a hierarchical structure and an initiation process can be fertile ground for hazing.

The prevalence of social status, reverence for “tradition,” and a powerful culture of secrecy are key factors that allow these dangerous practices to persist, even when participants and organizations are fully aware that hazing is illegal and potentially fatal. For parents and students in Leon County, recognizing these varied forms and locations of hazing is the first step toward prevention and intervention.

3. Law & Liability Framework (Texas + Federal)

Understanding the legal landscape surrounding hazing in Texas is crucial for families seeking justice. In Texas, hazing is not just a campus policy violation; it’s a serious legal offense with both criminal and civil implications.

Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code)

Texas has specific anti-hazing provisions outlined in the Texas Education Code, Chapter 37, Subchapter F. Texas law broadly defines hazing as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, committed by a student, on or off campus, alone or with others, directed against another student, that:

• Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, AND
• Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

This definition clarifies that if someone makes you do something dangerous, harmful, or degrading to join or stay in a group, and they meant to do it or were reckless about the risk, that’s hazing under Texas law. Crucially, the law explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing, recognizing the power dynamics and pressure involved.

Key points of Texas hazing law:

• Location doesn’t matter: Hazing can occur on or off campus.
• Harm can be mental or physical: Both emotional trauma and physical injury are recognized.
• Intent: “Reckless” conduct is sufficient – meaning the person knew the risk and disregarded it.
• Consent is irrelevant: Even if a student “agrees,” it’s still hazing if it meets the definition.

Criminal Penalties

Hazing can lead to severe criminal penalties in Texas:

• Class B Misdemeanor: The default charge for hazing, carrying up to 180 days in jail and/or a fine up to $2,000.
• Class A Misdemeanor: If the hazing causes an injury requiring medical treatment.
• State Jail Felony: If hazing results in serious bodily injury or death.
• Failure to Report: Officers or members who know about hazing and fail to report it can also face misdemeanor charges.
• Retaliation: Retaliating against someone who reports hazing is a crime.

Organizational Liability

Organizations, such as fraternities, sororities, or sports teams, can also be criminally prosecuted if they authorized or encouraged hazing, or if an officer knew about it and failed to report. Penalties can include fines of up to $10,000 per violation and revocation of university recognition. This means both individuals and the organizations they belong to can be held accountable, a critical aspect for civil claims.

Immunity for Good-Faith Reporting

Texas law encourages reporting by offering immunity from civil or criminal liability for individuals who report hazing in good faith. Additionally, many universities and Texas law provide amnesty for students who call 911 in a medical emergency, even if underage drinking or drug use was involved. These protections are designed to prioritize safety and encourage seeking help without fear of personal consequences.

Criminal vs. Civil Hazing Cases

It’s important for Leon County families to understand the distinct pathways for justice:

• Criminal Cases: These are brought by the state (prosecutor) and aim to punish individuals for illegal acts. In hazing incidents, prosecutors may pursue charges such as hazing offenses, furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, battery, or even manslaughter in fatal cases.
• Civil Cases: These are brought by victims or their surviving families, aiming for monetary compensation and accountability from individuals and institutions. Civil lawsuits focus on legal theories like negligence, gross negligence, wrongful death, negligent supervision, or premises liability. A criminal conviction is not a prerequisite for filing a civil lawsuit; these cases can run concurrently or independently.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond state laws, federal regulations also impact how universities respond to hazing:

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This landmark federal law requires colleges receiving federal financial assistance to:
  • Report hazing incidents more transparently to the public.
  • Strengthen hazing education and prevention efforts.
  • Maintain and publicly share comprehensive hazing data, with full implementation expected around 2026. This act aims to create greater accountability and transparency across campuses nationwide.
• Title IX / Clery Act:
  • Title IX obligations are triggered when hazing involves sexual harassment, sexual assault, or gender-based hostility. Universities must investigate and respond appropriately to such incidents, regardless of campus-specific hazing policies.
  • The Clery Act mandates that universities report certain crimes and maintain safety statistics. Hazing incidents involving assaults, alcohol-related misconduct, or drug offenses often overlap with Clery-reportable categories, providing another layer of institutional accountability.

Who Can Be Held Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit

In civil hazing lawsuits, a range of individuals and entities can be held responsible:

• Individual Students: Those who planned, orchestrated, participated in, or helped cover up hazing acts.
• Local Chapter / Organization: The fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself, particularly if it operates as a legal entity. This also includes individuals acting in leadership roles, such as pledge educators or chapter officers.
• National Fraternity/Sorority: The national headquarters, which sets policies, collects dues, and supervises local chapters. Liability here often depends on what the national organization knew (or should have known) about prior incidents and their enforcement of anti-hazing policies.
• University or Governing Board: The educational institution itself, or its governing board (like the Board of Regents), may be sued under theories of negligence or gross negligence. Key factors include the university’s knowledge of previous hazing, its enforcement of policies, and whether it demonstrated deliberate indifference to student safety.
• Third Parties: This can include landlords or property owners of off-campus houses where hazing occurred, bars or vendors that illegally furnished alcohol (under dram shop laws), or other individuals and companies with a role in the incident.

Every hazing case is distinct, and the specific facts determine which parties may be held liable. The breadth of potential defendants highlights the complex nature of hazing litigation and the importance of having experienced legal counsel.

4. National Hazing Case Patterns (Anchor Stories)

The tragic stories of hazing victims echo across state lines, forming a somber pattern that highlights systemic failures and the critical need for accountability. These national cases, though not always occurring in Texas, set crucial legal precedents and expose the foreseeable dangers of hazing that can severely impact the families of Leon County students.

Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern

Forced alcohol consumption remains the most common and deadliest form of hazing. The following cases illustrate the devastating consequences when dangerous drinking rituals are allowed to persist:

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State University, Beta Theta Pi (2017): Timothy Piazza, a 19-year-old pledge, died after a “bid acceptance” night filled with extreme alcohol consumption. Fraternity brothers delayed calling for medical help for nearly 12 hours after he suffered traumatic brain injuries from multiple falls, all captured on the chapter’s security cameras. The incident led to over 1,000 criminal charges against 18 fraternity members and extensive civil litigation. Critically, it prompted the creation of the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law in Pennsylvania. This case fundamentally demonstrated that delayed medical care and a pervasive culture of silence are legally devastating for all involved.
• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017): Andrew Coffey, a 20-year-old pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” ritual where pledges were supplied with handles of hard liquor. This tragedy led to multiple criminal prosecutions of fraternity members and a temporary suspension of all Greek life at Florida State University, followed by significant policy overhauls. The case underscores that formulaic “tradition” drinking nights are a repeating script for disaster in many fraternities.
• Maxwell “Max” Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (2017): Max Gruver, 18, died with a blood alcohol content of 0.495% after participating in a “Bible study” drinking game. Pledges were forced to drink heavily whenever they answered questions incorrectly. Max’s death led to the enactment of the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, which made felony hazing a reality in the state. This legislative change following profound public outrage and clear evidence of hazing demonstrates that victims’ stories can, and should, drive legal reform.
• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021): Stone Foltz, a 20-year-old pledge, died from alcohol poisoning after being forced to consume nearly an entire handle of liquor during a “Big/Little” event. The incident resulted in multiple criminal convictions of fraternity members for hazing-related charges. Civilly, the Foltz family reached a $10 million settlement in 2023, with $7 million coming from the national Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity and approximately $3 million from Bowling Green State University. This case emphasized that universities, even public ones, can face significant financial and reputational consequences alongside fraternities when hazing occurs.

Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Beyond alcohol, hazing often involves brutal physical rituals and intentional psychological torment:

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013): Michael Deng, 19, died during a fraternity retreat in Pennsylvania after being subjected to a violent blindfolded “glass ceiling” ritual, where he was repeatedly tackled while wearing a heavy backpack. Critically, fraternity members delayed calling 911 for hours. Multiple members were convicted, and the national fraternity itself was criminally convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, leading to a 10-year ban from practicing in Pennsylvania. This case proved that off-campus “retreats” can be as dangerous, if not more dangerous, than parties directly on campus, and that national organizations face serious sanctions.

Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse

Hazing is not exclusive to Greek life; it infiltrates high-stakes athletic programs where team bonding can devolve into abuse:

• Northwestern University Football (2023–2025): A major scandal erupted when former football players alleged widespread sexualized and racist hazing within the program over multiple years. The incidents led to multiple lawsuits against Northwestern University and the coaching staff, resulting in the firing of head coach Pat Fitzgerald, who later filed his own wrongful-termination suit (confidentially settled in August 2025). This case was a stark reminder that hazing extends far beyond Greek life, operating within major athletic programs with broad institutional failure of oversight.

What These National Cases Mean for Leon County Families

The common threads running through these tragedies are chillingly consistent: widespread forced drinking, systematic humiliation, physical violence, delayed or outright denied medical care, and determined cover-up attempts. These patterns have driven legislative reforms across the country and led to multi-million-dollar settlements and verdicts, typically only after immense tragedy and protracted litigation.

For Leon County families, these national lessons are vital. If your child attends the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or any other Texas institution, these historical precedents shape the legal landscape. They demonstrate that the dangers are real, accountability is possible, and families need experienced legal counsel who understand the depth of these organizational practices. You are not facing an isolated incident; you are navigating a well-worn path that demands a strategic legal response.

5. Texas Focus: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

For parents and students in Leon County, understanding how hazing manifests at major Texas universities is paramount. Each institution has its own culture, policies, and history of handling hazing incidents. While Leon County itself does not host a major university, its families send students to institutions across the state, making familiarity with these specific campus environments crucial. Our Houston-based firm serves families across Leon County and all of Texas, providing dedicated legal support regardless of which campus your child attends.

5.1 University of Houston (UH)

The University of Houston, a vibrant urban campus with a diverse student body, attracts many students from Houston and surrounding areas, including those from Leon County seeking a robust city experience. Although approximately two hours drive from Leon County, UH’s proximity to Houston makes it a common choice for many Texas families.

5.1.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

UH is a large and dynamic public research university with a significant commuter population alongside its residential students. Its Greek life is active and encompasses a wide array of Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic Council (HPC), National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and multicultural Greek organizations (MGC). Beyond Greek life, UH boasts a rich tapestry of student organizations, including cultural groups, academic societies, and sports clubs, all of which are subject to hazing policies.

5.1.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

The University of Houston maintains clear anti-hazing policies, explicitly prohibiting any activity that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student for the purpose of initiation or affiliation. This broad prohibition covers acts occurring both on and off campus. UH’s policies specifically forbid forced alcohol/food/drug consumption, sleep deprivation, physical mistreatment, and activities causing mental distress. The university provides multiple avenues for reporting hazing through the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct, and the University of Houston Police Department (UHPD). UH also posts periodic statements regarding hazing awareness and some disciplinary actions on its website.

5.1.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

While UH has worked to combat hazing, incidents have occurred:

• 2016 Pi Kappa Alpha Case: In a notable incident, pledges of the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity at UH were allegedly deprived of adequate food, water, and sleep during an extended event. One student reportedly suffered a lacerated spleen after being violently slammed onto a table or similar surface. The chapter subsequently faced misdemeanor hazing charges and was subjected to university suspension, demonstrating UH’s willingness to enforce its policies, albeit often reactively.
• Subsequent Disciplinary Actions: UH has also issued suspensions or probationary periods to various Greek chapters for behaviors “likely to produce mental or physical discomfort,” including significant alcohol misuse and violations of university conduct policies.

These incidents highlight both the prevalence of hazing beyond just alcohol and the university’s capacity to impose sanctions, though public details on all violations can be limited compared to some other institutions.

5.1.4 How a UH Hazing Case Might Proceed

For a hazing incident at UH, legal proceedings might involve various agencies and jurisdictions in the Houston area:

• Law Enforcement: Depending on whether the incident occurred on campus or off-campus (e.g., in a fraternity house in the Third Ward or Midtown), investigations could involve the UHPD and/or the Houston Police Department (HPD).
• Civil Litigation: Civil lawsuits for hazing injuries or wrongful death would typically be filed in courts with jurisdiction over Houston and Harris County, such as the Harris County District Courts.
• Potential Defendants: In such cases, potential defendants could include the individual students directly involved, the local chapter, the national fraternity or sorority, and potentially the University of Houston itself, along with property owners if the incident occurred off-campus.

For Leon County families, navigating a case in Houston (the largest city in Texas) requires experienced counsel familiar with the local legal landscape.

5.1.5 What UH Students & Parents Should Do

For students and parents connected to UH, taking proactive steps is crucial:

• Know Reporting Channels: Familiarize yourself with UH’s official reporting mechanisms, including contacting the Dean of Students, UHPD, or utilizing any online anonymous reporting forms.
• Document Everything: If you suspect hazing, meticulously document all observations, communications, and any evidence (screenshots, photos, witness information).
• Identify Prior Complaints: Investigate if the organization in question has a history of prior violations or complaints at UH. While public information might be scarce, an attorney can help uncover internal university files.
• Seek Legal Counsel: If hazing has occurred, consult with a lawyer experienced in Houston-based hazing cases. Our firm, based in Houston, has deep roots and the necessary resources to investigate and pursue accountability from local and national entities involved in hazing incidents at UH.

5.2 Texas A&M University (College Station)

Texas A&M University, a storied institution known for its deep traditions and the Corps of Cadets, draws students from every corner of Texas, including many from Leon County due to its relative proximity (approximately 1.5 to 2 hours drive). The unique culture of loyalty and tradition at A&M sometimes creates environments where hazing can be particularly entrenched.

5.2.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

Texas A&M is a vast campus in College Station with a strong sense of community and adherence to traditions, encapsulated by the “Aggie Spirit” and the prominent Corps of Cadets. Greek life is robust, featuring large IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, and multicultural Greek councils. Beyond Greek life, the Corps of Cadets itself is a major component of campus life, and numerous other student organizations contribute to the university’s rich extracurricular landscape. This tight-knit community, while fostering strong bonds, can also create intense pressure to conform.

5.2.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Texas A&M unequivocally prohibits hazing, adhering strictly to Texas state law and its own Student Rules. The university defines hazing in line with the Texas Education Code, emphasizing that any intentional, knowing, or reckless act that endangers mental or physical health for the purpose of initiation or membership is forbidden. A&M provides avenues for reporting hazing through the Office of Student Conduct, the Texas A&M Police Department (TAMUPD), and confidential resources. The university is committed to educating students about hazing and transparently addressing confirmed violations.

5.2.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

Hazing incidents at A&M often involve both Greek life and, at times, groups within the Corps of Cadets:

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) Lawsuit (Around 2021): In a harrowing incident, two pledges of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) fraternity at Texas A&M alleged they suffered severe chemical burns after industrial-strength cleaner, along with other degrading substances like raw eggs and spit, was poured on them during a forced physical activity. The injuries reportedly required extensive medical care, including skin graft surgeries. The pledges subsequently sued the fraternity, and the chapter was suspended by the university for two years.
• Corps of Cadets Hazing (2023): A federal lawsuit was filed against Texas A&M by a former cadet detailing allegations of degrading and dangerous hazing within a Corps unit. The cadet alleged being subjected to simulated sexual acts and being bound between beds in a humiliating “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. The lawsuit sought over $1 million in damages, highlighting that hazing can occur within the Corps under the guise of tradition, despite university rules.
• Kappa Sigma (2023, Ongoing): There have also been ongoing allegations of hazing within the Kappa Sigma fraternity at Texas A&M, reportedly resulting in severe injuries such as rhabdomyolysis—a serious condition involving muscle breakdown from extreme physical exertion. This litigation highlights the dangers of physical hazing and the need for specialized legal representation to address complex injuries.

These incidents demonstrate that the university’s strong culture and traditions present unique challenges and contexts for hazing.

5.2.4 How a Texas A&M Hazing Case Might Proceed

Given College Station’s location, civil hazing lawsuits originating from Texas A&M would typically be heard in the Brazos County District Courts. Law enforcement involvement could include TAMUPD and/or the College Station Police Department (CSPD). When incidents involve the Corps of Cadets, additional layers of military-style institutional review might apply, though state and federal laws still govern. For Leon County families, our firm’s experience with the complex litigation involved in hazing cases is essential, especially when confronting an institution as large and traditional as Texas A&M.

5.2.5 What Texas A&M Students & Parents Should Do

Students and parents in Leon County connected to Texas A&M should consider these steps:

• Understand A&M’s Specific Culture: Be aware of how traditions, particularly within the Corps, can be leveraged to justify hazing, and where the line is crossed.
• Utilize Reporting Structure: Use A&M’s confidential reporting forms or contact the Office of Student Conduct and TAMUPD directly.
• Collect Evidence Meticulously: Given the potential for tight-knit groups to close ranks, preserving all digital and physical evidence immediately is paramount.
• Seek Experienced Texas Counsel: An attorney with experience in hazing cases understands the unique dynamics of A&M, including Corps culture and Greek life. Our firm has the expertise to navigate the specific institutions and cultural aspects of Texas A&M.

5.3 University of Texas at Austin (UT)

The University of Texas at Austin, the state’s flagship public university, attracts a diverse student body from every county, including many from Leon County, located approximately three hours drive away. UT’s campus culture, while vibrant and progressive, also grapples with a persistent history of hazing incidents within its extensive Greek system and other student organizations.

5.3.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

UT Austin is a sprawling hub of academic excellence and social activity. Its campus is home to a massive Greek system, including numerous IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, and multicultural Greek chapters (with roughly 60 total fraternity/sorority chapters overall). Beyond Greek life, UT has a plethora of student organizations, including athletic clubs, spirit groups like the Texas Cowboys and Texas Wranglers, and academic societies, all of which have seen hazing allegations.

5.3.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

The University of Texas at Austin maintains one of the most transparent anti-hazing policies among Texas universities. Its policy, in alignment with Texas law, strictly prohibits hazing across all university-recognized student organizations, both on and off campus. UT provides clear reporting channels through the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct and Academic Integrity, and the University of Texas Police Department (UTPD). Importantly, UT is unique for its publicly accessible Hazing Violations page on its website (hazing.utexas.edu), which lists organizations, the nature of their violations, and assigned sanctions.

5.3.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

UT Austin’s public hazing log provides invaluable insight into the ongoing nature of the problem:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): This fraternity chapter was sanctioned after new members were directed to consume excessive amounts of milk and perform strenuous calisthenics, which UT deemed hazing. The chapter was placed on probation and mandated to undertake new hazing-prevention education.
• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) (January 2024): This chapter faced a lawsuit seeking over $1 million after an Australian exchange student alleged assault by fraternity members at an off-campus party, resulting in severe injuries including a dislocated leg, broken ligaments, and fractured tibia. The chapter was already under suspension for prior hazing and safety violations.
• “Absolute Texxas” Spirit Group (2022): This spirit organization was disciplined for multiple hazing violations, including alcohol/drug misconduct, blindfolding, forced exercise, and degrading new members, demonstrating that hazing is not exclusive to Greek life at UT.
• Other Groups: UT’s public log also details instances involving other fraternities, sororities, and spirit organizations sanctioned for forced workouts, alcohol-related hazing, or punishment-based practices, with some organizations repeatedly appearing on the list.

The transparency at UT, while commendable, also highlights the persistent and varied nature of hazing.

5.3.4 How a UT Austin Hazing Case Might Proceed

Civil hazing lawsuits stemming from incidents at UT Austin would typically be filed in the Travis County District Courts. Law enforcement agencies might include UTPD and/or the Austin Police Department (APD), depending on jurisdiction. A critical aspect of UT cases is the university’s public hazing log, which can serve as powerful pattern evidence, demonstrating prior notice and aiding plaintiff’s arguments of negligence and foreseeability against both the university and the offending organization. For Leon County families, the distance to Austin means local and experienced legal counsel with knowledge of UT’s specific procedures is indispensable.

5.3.5 What UT Students & Parents Should Do

For students and parents in Leon County with a connection to UT Austin:

• Review UT’s Hazing Log: Regularly check hazing.utexas.edu to see if an organization your child is interested in has a history of violations. This public record is a potent tool for accountability.
• Utilize UT’s Reporting: Be aware of UT’s clear reporting channels and consider them when reporting incidents.
• Document EVERYTHING: Screenshot any digital communications, document injuries, and gather witness information. This evidence is critical, especially given the university’s system of recorded violations.
• Consult a Texas Hazing Attorney: An attorney experienced with UT Austin’s policies and the Travis County legal system can best advise on leveraging the public records for your case and pursuing justice effectively.

5.4 Southern Methodist University (SMU) (Dallas)

Southern Methodist University, a prestigious private institution in Dallas, is another major destination for students, including those from Leon County, approximately three hours away. Its affluent student body and prominent Greek life contribute to a unique campus dynamic where hazing can occur.

5.4.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

SMU is known for its beautiful campus, rigorous academics, and a strong Greek culture that significantly influences student life. Its Greek community includes Panhellenic (NPC), Interfraternity Council (IFC), National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and multicultural Greek organizations. SMU students are often actively involved in numerous campus organizations, from competitive sports teams to academic and social clubs, all of which fall under the university’s anti-hazing policies.

5.4.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

SMU strictly prohibits hazing, articulating a clear policy against any activity that endangers the mental, physical, or social health of a student for initiation or continued membership. As a private university, its internal disciplinary processes and public transparency differ from public universities. SMU offers various reporting channels, including the Office of Student Conduct, SMU Police, and anonymous reporting systems like Real Response, designed to encourage students to come forward with concerns.

5.4.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

While SMU’s internal disciplinary records are not publicly accessible like UT’s, incidents have become known through media reports and legal actions:

• Kappa Alpha Order (2017): This fraternity chapter was suspended after reports of hazing that included paddling, forced alcohol consumption, and sleep deprivation. The chapter faced a ban on recruiting new members for several years, illustrating the university’s punitive measures for severe hazing violations.
• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) (ongoing): Like many national SAE chapters, the SMU chapter has faced scrutiny over hazing allegations, though specific details may be confidential in SMU’s records or handled internally.

These incidents, though often less publicly detailed than those at state universities, underscore that hazing is a persistent issue within SMU’s campus culture.

5.4.4 How an SMU Hazing Case Might Proceed

Civil hazing lawsuits against a private institution like SMU or its affiliated organizations would typically be filed in the Dallas County District Courts. Law enforcement involvement would primarily be the SMU Police Department and/or the Dallas Police Department (DPD) for off-campus incidents in Dallas. As a private university, SMU does not benefit from sovereign immunity, which can simplify some aspects of civil litigation compared to public Texas institutions. However, private institutions often vigorously defend against such claims, necessitating highly experienced legal counsel. Families from Leon County should understand that pursuing a case in Dallas requires attorneys with a deep understanding of the local court system and strategies against well-resourced private institutions.

5.3.5 What SMU Students & Parents Should Do

For SMU students and parents from Leon County:

• Utilize SMU’s Reporting Channels: Use the university’s anonymous reporting systems and official conduct offices to report concerns.
• Document and Alert: While SMU’s disciplinary records are private, diligently document any hazing with photos, screenshots, and witness contacts. This evidence is crucial for any potential legal action.
• Seek Confidential Legal Advice: Given SMU’s status as a private university, consulting with a Texas hazing attorney can help clarify rights and options, as well as navigating the internal disciplinary process.

5.5 Baylor University (Waco)

Baylor University, a private Baptist university in Waco, is another significant institution for Texas students, including those from Leon County, approximately 1.5 hours drive away. Baylor’s strong faith-based identity and its recent history of high-profile institutional failures create a unique context for understanding hazing.

5.5.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

Baylor University is known for its strong Christian identity, robust academic programs, and passionate athletic fan base. Greek life is active, comprising Panhellenic, IFC, NPHC, and other diverse Greek organizations. Beyond Greek life, Baylor students participate in an extensive network of student organizations, including numerous sports teams, faith-based groups, and academic clubs, all operating under specific university policies.

5.5.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Baylor University maintains a “zero tolerance” policy for hazing, explicitly prohibiting any activity that humiliates, abuses, or endangers students for the purpose of initiation or membership. Baylor’s policies are comprehensive and clearly align with Texas anti-hazing laws. The university provides multiple channels for reporting, including the Department of Student Activities, the Baylor University Police Department (BUPD), and an ethics point hotline. Baylor’s public statements often emphasize its commitment to a safe and supportive campus environment.

5.5.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

Baylor’s history of challenges, particularly the major sexual assault scandal and its aftermath, has subjected the university to intense scrutiny regarding institutional oversight and student safety. This background informs how hazing cases might be viewed and pursued:

• Baylor Baseball Hazing (2020): Fourteen members of the Baylor baseball team were suspended following an internal investigation into hazing allegations. The suspensions were staggered to impact the team over the early season, indicating the university’s commitment to taking disciplinary action against hazing within its athletic programs.
• Broader Cultural Challenges: While specific hazing cases involving Greek chapters might not always be publicly detailed, Baylor’s broader institutional challenges concerning student safety and accountability are relevant. These issues can prompt heightened scrutiny of how hazing complaints are investigated and addressed.

These events highlight the need for continuous vigilance within the university community, balancing official policies with ongoing student practices.

5.5.4 How a Baylor Hazing Case Might Proceed

Civil hazing lawsuits related to Baylor University would be filed in the McLennan County District Courts in Waco. Law enforcement could involve BUPD and/or the Waco Police Department (WPD). As a private institution, Baylor does not enjoy sovereign immunity, which allows for broader legal avenues of recourse compared to public universities. However, like SMU, Baylor is a well-resourced institution often represented by formidable defense teams. For Leon County families, legal representation with a nuanced understanding of Baylor’s specific culture, its history of oversight challenges, and the local Waco judiciary is essential.

5.5.5 What Baylor Students & Parents Should Do

For students and parents from Leon County connected to Baylor:

• Be Aware of Campus History: Understand Baylor’s past institutional challenges and how they may influence current incident responses.
• Report Directly and Persistently: Utilize all of Baylor’s official reporting channels, documenting every communication.
• Gather Comprehensive Evidence: Collect any and all evidence (digital, physical, testimonial) immediately.
• Consult a Texas Hazing Attorney: An experienced attorney can provide critical guidance on navigating both Baylor’s internal processes and the civil legal system in McLennan County. Our firm has the expertise to ensure your family’s rights are protected.

6. Fraternities & Sororities: Campus-Specific + National Histories

When hazing occurs at a Texas university—whether at the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor—it’s often not an isolated act by a rogue group of students. Rather, it frequently involves local chapters connected to larger national fraternities and sororities with a documented history of similar misconduct. For Leon County families, understanding this link between local chapter conduct and national patterns is crucial for seeking true accountability.

Why National Histories Matter

Most fraternities and sororities at Texas universities, including those relevant to students from Leon County, are chapters of larger national organizations. These national headquarters:

• Maintain extensive anti-hazing manuals, risk management policies, and educational programs. These exist precisely because their organizations have a documented history of deaths, catastrophic injuries, and severe disciplinary actions across campuses nationwide.
• Are acutely aware of common hazing patterns within their own organizations, such as forced drinking rituals, paddling traditions, public humiliation, and extreme physical exertion.

When a local chapter at a Texas campus—be it a Pi Kappa Alpha chapter at UH or a Sigma Alpha Epsilon chapter at Texas A&M—engages in hazing practices that mirror historical incidents within the national organization, it changes the legal calculus. Such repetition demonstrates foreseeability. It strengthens arguments that the national organization knew, or should have known, that similar hazing was likely to occur, and that their anti-hazing policies were either inadequate, poorly enforced, or merely for show. This concept is a powerful lever in negligence and punitive damages arguments against national entities.

Organization Mapping: National Hazing Patterns

While we cannot list every specific chapter and every incident, we can highlight major national Greek letter organizations and their documented histories of hazing that are relevant to discussions of misconduct at Texas campuses:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ / Pike): This fraternity has a national presence, including chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, and Baylor. Its national history is unfortunately fraught with severe hazing incidents, particularly those involving alcohol.
  • Stone Foltz (Bowling Green State University, 2021): Stone Foltz, a pledge, died from alcohol poisoning after being forced to consume excessive amounts of alcohol during a “Big/Little” event. This case resulted in a $10 million settlement with the family, including significant contributions from the national fraternity itself, and multiple criminal convictions.
  • David Bogenberger (Northern Illinois University, 2012): Another pledge death from alcohol poisoning at a Pi Kappa Alpha event resulted in a $14 million settlement for the family.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: These incidents highlight a clear, lethal pattern of alcohol-related hazing within Pi Kappa Alpha, meaning any similar incident at a Texas chapter would likely face strong arguments of foreseeability against the national organization.
• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ / SAE): SAE chapters are found at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, and SMU. Nationally, SAE has faced numerous allegations and lawsuits related to hazing, including multiple alcohol-related deaths and severe injuries, leading them to nationally reform their pledging process at one point.
  • University of Alabama (ongoing litigation): A lawsuit filed in 2023 alleges a pledge suffered a traumatic brain injury during an SAE hazing ritual, showcasing the severe physical harm hazing can inflict.
  • Texas A&M University (2021): Two pledges alleged they suffered severe chemical burns after industrial-strength cleaner was poured on them during a hazing ritual, resulting in a lawsuit seeking $1 million.
  • University of Texas at Austin (January 2024): A staggering lawsuit was filed after an Australian exchange student alleged assault by fraternity members at a party, leading to a dislocated leg, broken ligaments, and a fractured tibia. The chapter had a history of prior suspensions.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: The repeated nature of severe harm and the presence of such incidents at Texas chapters of SAE are powerful evidence of systemic issues within the national organization.
• Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ): This fraternity has chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, and Baylor. Nationally, it is associated with a prominent hazing death.
  • Maxwell “Max” Gruver (Louisiana State University, 2017): Max died from extreme alcohol toxicity during a forced drinking game. This case was instrumental in strengthening Louisiana’s felony hazing laws.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: Max Gruver’s case sets a clear standard for liability in cases of extreme alcohol hazing, which can be applied to any Phi Delta Theta chapter in Texas.
• Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ): Pi Kappa Phi is present at UH and Texas A&M.
  • Andrew Coffey (Florida State University, 2017): Andrew died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event where pledges were given hard liquor.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: This incident underscores the national organization’s awareness of the dangers of forced drinking rituals.
• Kappa Alpha Order (ΚΑ): With chapters at Texas A&M and SMU, this fraternity has a history of hazing allegations.
  • SMU Chapter (2017): The SMU chapter itself was suspended after reports of paddling, forced drinking, and sleep deprivation.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: The SMU incident directly demonstrates a pattern of hazing within a Texas chapter of this national organization.
• Phi Gamma Delta (ΦΓΔ / FIJI): FIJI has a chapter at Texas A&M.
  • Danny Santulli (University of Missouri, 2021): A pledge suffered severe, permanent brain damage after being forced to consume excessive alcohol. The family settled lawsuits with 22 defendants for multi-million-dollar amounts.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: The catastrophic outcome of the Santulli case emphasizes the extreme risk and high liability associated with alcohol hazing events in this organization.
• Beta Theta Pi (ΒΘΠ): Chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, and SMU.
  • Timothy Piazza (Penn State University, 2017): Piazza’s death ignited national outrage and legislative reform due to extreme alcohol hazing and delayed medical care.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: The Penn State case is a foundational warning for all fraternities, including Beta Theta Pi chapters in Texas, about the severe consequences of alcohol hazing.
• Kappa Sigma (ΚΣ): Kappa Sigma has chapters at UH, Texas A&M, and Baylor.
  • Chad Meredith (University of Miami, 2001): Meredith drowned after being coerced into a dangerous swim while intoxicated during a fraternity event, leading to a $12.6 million jury verdict for his family and Florida’s anti-hazing law.
  • Texas A&M University (2023, ongoing): Allegations of hazing resulting in severe injuries, specifically rhabdomyolysis from extreme physical exertion, are currently in litigation.
  • Relevance for Texas chapters: The tragic national history, combined with recent incidents at A&M, highlights a persistent risk pattern for Kappa Sigma chapters in Texas.

Tie Back to Legal Strategy

These patterns across states and campuses are not mere coincidences; they demonstrate that certain organizations have faced repeated warnings regarding their hazing practices. In a civil lawsuit targeting hazing, courts can consider whether national organizations:

• Meaningfully enforced their anti-hazing policies, or if these were merely “paper policies.”
• Aggressively and adequately responded to prior incidents, both at the local and national level, to prevent recurrence.

This type of pattern evidence significantly impacts several critical aspects of a hazing case:

• Settlement Leverage: A documented history of similar incidents puts pressure on national organizations and their insurers to settle cases rather than face a jury.
• Insurance Coverage Disputes: It can influence arguments regarding whether insurance policies should cover claims, especially if a pattern of “intentional acts” is established.
• Potential for Punitive Damages: In cases where defendants showed gross negligence, a reckless disregard for safety, or demonstrated a pattern of indifference to known risks, a jury may award punitive damages to punish the defendants and deter future misconduct.

For Leon County families, this means the fight for accountability extends beyond the individuals directly involved to the institutions that allowed such dangers to persist, often with full knowledge of the risks.

7. Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

Successfully pursuing a civil hazing lawsuit in Texas, whether for families in Leon County or elsewhere, requires a meticulous and sophisticated approach. It’s not just about what happened, but what we can prove happened, who was responsible, and how their actions link directly to the harm suffered.

Evidence

For Leon County families, evidence collection is paramount and must begin immediately. Modern hazing leaves a digital footprint, and a thorough investigation often uncovers crucial information that victims or families may not even realize exists.

• Digital Communications: This is arguably the most critical category of evidence in 2025. Group chat messages, direct messages (DMs), and notifications from platforms like GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Snapchat, Instagram, and even specific fraternity/sorority apps, often tell the full story. They reveal planning, intent, knowledge, coercion, who was involved, and what was said before, during, and after an incident. Critically, digital forensics experts can often recover deleted messages, but original screenshots are always the strongest evidence. Attorney911’s video on using your phone to document evidence (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) explains best practices for preserving screenshots and photos.
• Photos & Videos: Any content filmed by members during events, footage shared in group chats (even those that automatically delete), or security camera/doorbell footage at off-campus houses or venues are vital. Photos of injuries, humiliating acts, or forced drinking should be taken immediately and repeatedly to document progression.
• Internal Organization Documents: Pledge manuals, initiation scripts, lists of “traditions,” emails or texts from officers giving instructions or making threats, and national organization policies and training materials can all be subpoenaed. These documents can show a pattern of behavior and an organization’s awareness of hazing risks.
• University Records: Through discovery in a lawsuit, we can obtain university records such as prior conduct files, records of probation or suspension for specific organizations, letters of warning, incident reports submitted to campus police or student conduct offices, Clery Act reports, and internal communications among administrators regarding known hazing issues. Public institutions like UT Austin often maintain publicly accessible hazing violation lists, which are invaluable.
• Medical and Psychological Records: Comprehensive medical records are essential. This includes emergency room reports, ambulance records, hospitalization notes, surgical reports, toxicology screens (for alcohol or drugs), and imaging results (X-rays, CT scans, MRIs). For non-physical harm, psychological evaluations for PTSD, depression, anxiety, or other mental health impacts provide critical documentation of emotional distress.
• Witness Testimony: The accounts of other pledges, active members, roommates, resident advisors, coaches, trainers, or bystanders can provide corroborating evidence. Former members who have left the organization can be particularly powerful witnesses.

Damages

In hazing cases that go to civil court, the law aims to compensate victims and their families for the full scope of their losses. While every case is unique, the types of damages generally fall into these categories:

• Medical Bills & Future Care: This covers all past medical expenses (ER visits, ambulance transport, hospitalization, medications, surgeries, physical therapy) and projected future medical needs. For catastrophic injuries like brain damage or organ failure, this can involve economist-calculated life care plans, ensuring compensation for lifelong care.
• Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: This includes lost wages due to time off work or missed educational opportunities. It can also account for the loss of academic scholarships, tuition for withdrawn semesters, delayed graduation, and reduced future earning capacity if the victim suffers permanent physical or psychological disabilities impacting their career prospects.
• Non-Economic Damages: These subjective, but legally compensable, damages address the profound impact on a victim’s quality of life. They include physical pain and suffering, severe emotional distress, trauma, humiliation, shame, loss of dignity, and the loss of enjoyment of life (e.g., inability to participate in sports, hobbies, or social activities they once loved).
• Wrongful Death Damages (for Families): In the most tragic cases, when hazing leads to death, surviving family members can recover significant damages. These include funeral and burial costs, loss of financial support the deceased would have provided, and compensation for the immense emotional suffering, loss of companionship, love, guidance, and society experienced by parents, siblings, or spouses. Our firm has extensive wrongful death experience (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/), having recovered millions for families in catastrophic cases.
• Punitive Damages: When defendants’ conduct is particularly reckless, malicious, or demonstrates a callous disregard for safety (especially if they ignored clear warnings or prior similar incidents), a court may award punitive damages. These damages are designed not just to compensate the victim but to punish the wrongdoer and deter others from similar conduct. While Texas law can cap punitive damages in some cases, they are a powerful tool for accountability.

Role of Different Defendants and Insurance Coverage

A critical aspect of hazing litigation involves identifying all potentially liable parties and their insurance coverage. National fraternities, universities, and sometimes local chapters carry extensive insurance policies. However, insurers will often aggressively argue:

• That hazing or other intentional acts are specifically excluded from coverage.
• That their policy does not cover certain defendants or types of harm.

Experienced hazing lawyers at Attorney911, led by Lupe Peña’s background as a former insurance defense attorney (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/), possess crucial insider knowledge. We understand insurers’ tactics, how they value (and undervalue) claims, and how to navigate complex disputes about coverage exclusions. We work to identify all potential sources of recovery, including general liability policies, D&O (Directors & Officers) policies, and even homeowners’ policies of individual perpetrators, to maximize the chances of a just recovery for Leon County families. This deep understanding allows us to force insurers to defend appropriately and to negotiate effectively for fair settlements or prepare for trial if necessary.

8. Practical Guides & FAQs

For Leon County parents, students, and witnesses, facing a hazing situation can be isolating and confusing. Here, we offer actionable guidance and answer common questions, empowering you with the knowledge to respond effectively and protect your rights.

8.1 For Parents: Recognizing & Responding to Hazing

Parents are often the first line of defense. Knowing the warning signs and acting decisively can prevent tragedy.

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Being Hazed:

• Physical Signs: Unexplained bruises, cuts, burns, or injuries (especially if excuses don’t add up); extreme fatigue or sleep deprivation; significant weight loss or gain; injuries consistent with paddling or forced exercise; signs of alcohol poisoning or drug use (even if not typical for your child).
• Behavioral & Emotional Changes: Sudden secrecy about organizational activities (“I can’t talk about it”); withdrawal from family and friends; increased anxiety, depression, or irritability; defensiveness when asked about the group; fear of “getting in trouble” or “letting the chapter down”; constant online presence for group chats.
• Academic Red Flags: A sudden drop in grades; missing classes; falling asleep in class; inability to focus due to late-night demands.
• Financial Red Flags: Unexpected large expenses; forced purchases or fines; buying excessive amounts of alcohol for others.

How to Talk to Your Child (Non-Confrontationally):

• Ask open-ended questions like, “How are things really going with [organization name]? Are you enjoying it?”
• Emphasize safety and well-being over loyalty to the group. State clearly that their health is your top priority.
• Listen without judgment. If they open up, validate their feelings. If they shut down, don’t force it, but continue to monitor closely and let them know you’re always there.

If Your Child is Hurt or You Suspect Immediate Danger:

1. Call 911 immediately for any medical emergency. Prioritize health over fear of repercussions.
2. Remove Your Child from the Situation: Get them to a safe location.
3. Document Everything: Write down what you saw or heard, including dates, times, and names.
4. Preserve Evidence: Screenshot all pertinent text messages, group chats, and social media posts. Photograph any injuries thoroughly. Save any physical items.
5. Contact a Lawyer: As soon as you suspect hazing, especially if harm has occurred, call Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911. We can guide you on reporting, evidence preservation, and interacting with the university or law enforcement correctly.

Dealing with the University:

• Document every communication with university administrators.
• Politely ask for information on prior incidents involving the same organization.
• Do not sign any releases or statements without legal counsel.

8.2 For Students / Pledges: Self-Assessment & Safety Planning

If you are a student caught in a hazing situation, your safety and well-being are paramount.

Is This Hazing or Just Tradition? Decision Guide:

• Are you being forced, pressured, or coerced to do anything you don’t want to do?
• Would you do this activity if there were no social consequences or fear of being “cut”?
• Is the activity dangerous, humiliating, degrading, or illegal?
• Would university officials or your parents approve if they knew?
• Are older members making new members do things they don’t have to do themselves?
• Are you being told to keep secrets, lie, or hide these activities from outsiders?

If you answer YES to any of these, it is likely hazing. Consent under duress is not true consent; the law protects you.

Exiting & Reporting Safely:

1. Prioritize Immediate Safety: If you are in physical danger, call 911. Many schools and Texas law offer good-faith protections for those seeking medical help.
2. Inform Someone Outside the Group: Tell a trusted parent, RA, professor, or friend outside the organization that you are leaving.
3. Formally Resign: You have the legal right to leave at any time. Send an email or text message to the chapter president or new member educator stating, “I am resigning my pledge/membership effective immediately.”
4. Avoid “One Last Meeting”: Do not agree to meet with members if you fear pressure or retaliation.
5. Document Retaliation: If you experience harassment, intimidation, or threats after resigning, document everything (screenshots, witnesses) and report it to the Dean of Students, campus police, or local law enforcement.

Good-Faith Reporting and Amnesty:
Texas law (Texas Education Code § 37.154) provides immunity for good-faith reporters of hazing. Many universities also have medical amnesty policies, meaning you won’t be disciplined for seeking medical help for yourself or others in an alcohol- or drug-related emergency. Your life, and the lives of others, are more important than potential shame or minor penalties.

8.3 For Former Members / Witnesses: A Path to Accountability

If you were once involved in hazing—perhaps as an active member, an alumni, or a witness—and now regret your role or fear consequences, you are not alone. Many individuals carry guilt and concern about their past actions or what they observed.

• Your Role in Prevention: Your testimony and evidence can be crucial in preventing future harm and saving lives. By coming forward, you can help expose systemic issues and hold responsible parties accountable.
• Navigating Legal Exposure: While you may be concerned about your own legal risks, consulting with an attorney can help you understand your rights and potential protections. We can advise you on how to cooperate, if you choose, and clarify your role as a witness without unnecessarily exposing you to legal jeopardy.
• A Step Towards Healing: For many, cooperating with investigations and legal processes can be a vital step toward personal healing and making amends.

8.4 Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

Leon County families, please understand that the window for collecting crucial evidence and taking decisive action is often very small. Errors in the initial stages can severely compromise your ability to seek justice.

1. Letting Your Child Delete Messages or “Clean Up” Evidence: What parents often mistakenly think: “I don’t want them to get in more trouble.” Why it’s wrong: This looks like a cover-up and can be construed as obstruction of justice or spoliation of evidence, severely hindering or even destroying a case. What to do instead: Preserve EVERYTHING immediately, no matter how embarrassing or incriminating.
2. Confronting the Fraternity/Sorority Directly: What parents often think: “I’m going to give them a piece of my mind.” Why it’s wrong: They will immediately lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses, and prepare robust defenses. What to do instead: Document everything you know, then call a lawyer BEFORE any direct confrontation.
3. Signing University “Release” or “Resolution” Forms: What universities sometimes do: Pressure families to sign waivers or “internal resolution” agreements. Why it’s wrong: You may waive your right to pursue legal action; these settlements are typically far below the true value of the case and prioritize the university’s image over your child’s well-being. What to do instead: Do NOT sign ANYTHING without an attorney reviewing it first.
4. Posting Details on Social Media Before Talking to a Lawyer: What families think: “I want people to know what happened.” Why it’s wrong: Defense attorneys will screenshot everything; any inconsistencies can damage credibility; and public posts can inadvertently waive legal privileges. What to do instead: Document privately and let your lawyer control public or media messaging.
5. Letting Your Child Go Back to “One Last Meeting”: What fraternities often say: “Come talk to us before you do anything drastic.” Why it’s wrong: This is often a tactic to pressure, intimidate, or extract statements that can be used against your child. What to do instead: Once you are considering legal action, all communication should go through your lawyer.
6. Waiting “to See How the University Handles It”: What universities often promise: “We’re investigating; let us handle this internally.” Why it’s wrong: Evidence disappears rapidly, witnesses graduate or forget details, the statute of limitations continues to run, and the university often prioritizes its reputation over victim accountability. What to do instead: Preserve evidence NOW, consult a lawyer immediately, and understand that the university’s internal process is geared toward their best interests, not necessarily yours.
7. Talking to Insurance Adjusters Without a Lawyer: What adjusters often say: “We just need your statement to process the claim.” Why it’s wrong: Recorded statements are designed to be used against you, and early settlement offers are almost always lowball. What to do instead: Politely decline and state, “My attorney will contact you.”

8.5 Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
  Yes, under specific circumstances. Public universities (like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin) typically have sovereign immunity, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, willful misconduct, or Title IX violations. Private universities (like SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. Every case is fact-specific; contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.
• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
  It can be. While hazing is generally a Class B misdemeanor, it becomes a state jail felony if it causes serious bodily injury or death. This means individuals involved can face significant prison time, separate from any civil lawsuit.
• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
  Absolutely. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. The law recognizes that “agreement” under duress, peer pressure, or fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent. Your child is a victim, not a willing participant, in such scenarios.
• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit?”
  Generally, you have 2 years from the date of injury or death to file a personal injury or wrongful death lawsuit in Texas. However, the “discovery rule” might extend this if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. In cases involving cover-ups, the statute of limitations may be “tolled” (paused). Time is critical as evidence disappears quickly. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately.
• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
  The location of the hazing does not necessarily eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities can still be held liable based on their sponsorship, control, knowledge, and the foreseeability of the off-campus event turning dangerous. Many major hazing cases that resulted in significant judgments have occurred entirely off-campus (e.g., Pi Delta Psi’s fatal retreat, the Sigma Pi death at an “unofficial” house).
• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
  Many hazing cases resolve through confidential settlements before a public trial. We prioritize your family’s privacy and work to secure confidential settlement terms where appropriate. Our focus is on achieving justice and accountability while protecting your child’s future.

9. About The Manginello Law Firm + Call to Action for Leon County Families

When your family faces a hazing case in Texas, whether your child attends the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or another institution, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. At The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, the Legal Emergency Lawyers™, we bring a unique blend of empathy, relentless investigation, and hard-nosed litigation experience to every hazing case.

Our distinctive qualifications make us uniquely suited to take on these complex fights:

• Insurance Insider Advantage with Lupe Peña: Associate attorney Lupe Peña brings invaluable insight from her previous career as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm. She knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies value (and often undervalue) hazing claims. She understands their delay tactics, coverage exclusion arguments, and settlement strategies because, as she puts it, “We know their playbook because we used to run it.” This insider knowledge is crucial for maximizing your family’s recovery. Lupe Peña’s complete professional background can be found at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/.
• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions with Ralph Manginello: Our managing partner, Ralph Manginello, is no stranger to taking on formidable opponents. He was one of the few Texas firms involved in the BP Texas City explosion litigation and has extensive experience in federal courts, including the U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas. This background means we are not intimidated by national fraternities, well-funded universities, or their powerful defense teams. “We’ve taken on billion-dollar corporations and won,” Ralph often states. “We know how to fight powerful defendants.” Learn more about Ralph Manginello’s background at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/.
• Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death and Catastrophic Injury Experience: We have a proven track record in complex wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases, working with economists to fully value lifetime care needs for victims of brain injuries or permanent disabilities. Our firm is not interested in quick, low-ball settlements; we build comprehensive cases that demand full accountability for the profound losses suffered. We don’t settle cheap; we build cases that force accountability.
• Criminal + Civil Hazing Expertise: Ralph’s membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA), an elite criminal defense organization, equips our firm with a unique understanding of how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation. This dual perspective allows us to advise witnesses, former members, and victims who may be facing both criminal exposure and civil liability.
• Investigative Depth: We leverage a vast network of experts—from digital forensics specialists who can uncover deleted messages to medical professionals and psychologists who can accurately assess physical and emotional harm. Our experience in crisis situations drives us to uncover every piece of evidence, from group chats and chapter records to university files obtained through discovery and public records requests. “We investigate like your child’s life depends on it—because it does.”

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, is a Houston-based Texas personal injury firm with deep experience in serious injury, wrongful death, and institutional accountability cases. From our Houston office, we serve families throughout Texas, including those in Leon County and its surrounding areas. We understand that hazing at Texas universities affects families in Leon County, whether their children attend A&M in College Station or UT in Austin. We know how fraternities, sororities, Corps programs, and athletic departments actually operate behind closed doors, and we know how to effectively challenge them.

We understand that facing a hazing incident is one of the hardest things a family can endure. Our job is to get you answers, hold the right people accountable, and help prevent this from happening to another family. We approach each case with empathy and a steadfast commitment to thorough investigation and real accountability.

Call to Action for Leon County Families

If you or your child experienced hazing at any Texas campus—whether at Texas A&M, UT Austin, UH, SMU, Baylor, or another institution—we want to hear from you. Families in Leon County and throughout the surrounding region have the right to answers and accountability.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We’ll listen to what happened, explain your legal options, and help you decide on the best path forward for your family.

Here’s what you can expect during your free consultation:

• We will listen to your story with compassion and without judgment.
• We will review any evidence you have collected, including photos, texts, and medical records.
• We will clearly explain your legal options: whether to pursue a criminal report, a civil lawsuit, both, or neither.
• We will discuss realistic timelines and what to expect throughout the legal process.
• We will answer your questions about our fee structure, which operates on a contingency basis—meaning we don’t get paid unless we win your case. Watch our video explaining contingency fees: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc.
• There’s absolutely no pressure to hire us on the spot; we encourage you to take time to decide. Everything you share with us during this consultation is confidential.

Do not let fear or uncertainty prevent you from seeking justice. Time can be a critical factor in hazing cases, as evidence can disappear and statutes of limitations can expire. Learn about the Texas statute of limitations in our video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c. We also advise reviewing our video on client mistakes that can ruin your injury case: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY.

Contact Us Today:

• Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Website: https://attorney911.com
• Email: ralph@atty911.com

Hablamos Español: If you prefer to discuss your concerns in Spanish, please contact Lupe Peña directly at lupe@atty911.com for consultation. Servicios legales en español disponibles.

Whether you’re in Leon County or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. Call us today.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com