In the City of Ferris, where community values run deep, Attorney911 offers unparalleled legal services for fraternity and sorority hazing cases. Our University Hazing Injury & Wrongful Death Attorneys, with 25+ years of experience, including federal court expertise against national fraternities and universities, are prepared to fight for justice. Former insurance defense attorneys, we understand fraternity insurance tactics. With multi-million dollar proven results and a contingency fee structure, we serve UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor cases, specializing in evidence preservation. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for a free consultation. Hablamos Español.

It’s a crisp autumn night, the air buzzing with excitement and the scent of newly fallen leaves. Somewhere off-campus, a group of bright-eyed college students, far from their families in City of Ferris, are gathered for an “initiation night.” These young men and women are eager to solidify their place in a new fraternity, sorority, or university organization. The senior members, fueled by tradition and a sense of power, instruct the pledges to consume copious amounts of alcohol, participate in degrading rituals, or endure painful physical challenges. Laughter and chanting fill the air, but beneath the surface, fear and apprehension simmer.

Suddenly, one student stumbles, his face pale, his eyes unfocused. He collapses. Panic flashes across the faces of a few, but the prevailing sentiment is a chilling silence. “Don’t call anyone, we’ll get shut down.” “We can’t get in trouble for this.” The injured student lies there, his consciousness fading, while those around him debate loyalty versus safety. The student, caught between a desperate need for help and a terrifying code of silence, is trapped.

This scenario, tragically, is not a fictional dramatization. It is a stark reality that unfolds too often at universities across Texas and beyond, impacting families from communities such as City of Ferris who send their children off to college with hopes of academic achievement and personal growth. The dreams of higher education can quickly unravel when hazing turns deadly or causes life-altering injuries and trauma.

This comprehensive guide is designed for families in City of Ferris and across Texas who need to understand the complex, often hidden, world of campus hazing. We will explore what hazing truly looks like in 2025, moving beyond outdated stereotypes to expose the modern tactics perpetrators employ. We will delve into the specific Texas and federal laws designed to combat these dangerous practices and analyze how major national hazing cases have shaped the legal landscape, providing crucial lessons for Texas families. Our focus will extend to specific universities that draw many students from City of Ferris and the wider region, including the University of Houston (UH), Texas A&M University, the University of Texas at Austin (UT), Southern Methodist University (SMU), and Baylor University. We’ll examine what has been happening at these institutions and how fraternity and sorority national histories can impact claims made against them. Ultimately, this guide aims to illuminate the legal options available to victims and families in City of Ferris and throughout Texas, empowering them to seek justice and accountability.

Please note that while this article provides extensive general information, it is not a substitute for specific legal advice tailored to your unique situation. The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, is dedicated to evaluating individual cases based on their specific facts and serving families throughout Texas, including those in City of Ferris.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

• If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

  • Call 911 for medical emergencies
  • Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
  • We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

• In the first 48 hours:

  • Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
  • Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
    • Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
    • Photograph injuries from multiple angles
    • Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
  • Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
  • Do NOT:
    • Confront the fraternity/sorority
    • Sign anything from the university or insurance company
    • Post details on public social media
    • Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

• Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

  • Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
  • Universities move quickly to control the narrative
  • We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
  • Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

For families in City of Ferris and across Texas, understanding modern hazing means shedding old stereotypes. Hazing is no longer just “pranks” or “boys will be boys” rituals. It’s a spectrum of behaviors, often disguised, that endanger physical and mental health. At its core, hazing refers to any forced, coerced, or strongly pressured action tied to joining, keeping membership, or gaining status in a group. If this behavior endangers physical or mental health, humiliates, or exploits, it constitutes hazing under the law and current university policies. It’s crucial to remember that a student verbally agreeing to participation does not automatically make it safe or legal, especially when peer pressure and power imbalances are at play.

The core of modern hazing tactics falls into three escalating categories:

Tier 1: Subtle Hazing: These behaviors emphasize the power imbalance between new members and existing ones. Often dismissed as “harmless” or “tradition,” they create psychological harm and set the stage for more severe escalation. Examples include:

• Deception or secrecy oaths where pledges are told to lie to parents or university officials.
• Assigning derogatory names or requiring new members to perform menial duties for older members, such as acting as a designated driver at all hours or cleaning rooms.
• Social isolation, cutting off contact with non-members, and requiring permission to socialize.
• “Scavenger hunts” or “tasks” that seem innocuous but are designed to humiliate or endanger.
  Modern evolutions include group chat monitoring, demanding instant responses at all hours, geo-tracking via apps, and social media policing to control online content.

Tier 2: Harassment Hazing: These tactics cause emotional or physical discomfort, often creating a hostile and abusive environment. While they may not cause lasting physical injury, the emotional toll can be significant. Examples include:

• Verbal abuse, yelling, insults, and degrading language.
• Sleep deprivation through late-night meetings or mandatory activities.
• Food or water restriction, or forcing the consumption of unpleasant substances.
• Forced physical activity beyond safe limits, often disguised as “workouts” but punitive in nature.
• Public humiliation, forcing pledges to perform embarrassing acts in public.
• Exposure to disgusting conditions, like being covered in food or non-harmful but degrading substances.
  In today’s environment, this can manifest as “voluntary” but coerced participation, where refusal leads to social exclusion. Digital humiliation, where pledges are forced to post embarrassing content online, or livestreaming of degrading acts in private group chats, are also prevalent.

Tier 3: Violent Hazing: This category includes activities with a high potential for physical injury, sexual assault, or death. These are the most dangerous forms of hazing. Examples include:

• Forced or coerced alcohol consumption, such as “lineup” drinking games or “Big/Little” reveal nights with handles of hard liquor, often leading to tragic outcomes like alcohol poisoning.
• Forced drug use, coercing pledges to consume illicit substances.
• Physical beatings and paddling, including punches, kicks, or slaps.
• Dangerous physical tests, like blindfolded tackle rituals or forced fights.
• Sexualized hazing, which includes forced nudity, simulated sexual acts, or sexual assault.
• Kidnapping or restraint, such as blindfolded transport or being tied up.
• Exposure to extreme environments, like being locked in freezing rooms.
  Modern violent hazing often moves to off-campus locations (Airbnbs, rural properties) to avoid detection. It can be disguised as “team-building” or “wellness challenges” and can involve extreme and dangerous acts like fire hazing (as seen in the San Diego State Phi Kappa Psi case) or chemical hazing (as seen in the Texas A&M SAE case, where industrial cleaner was poured on pledges).

Where Hazing Actually Happens

Hazing is endemic, not just confined to Greek life. Its pervasiveness affects numerous groups within universities and other organizations. Families in City of Ferris should be aware that hazing can occur in:

• Fraternities and sororities: This includes Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic Council, National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and multicultural Greek organizations.
• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / Military-style groups: Tradition-heavy environments can foster hazardous practices.
• Spirit squads, tradition clubs: Organizations that perpetuate long-standing customs, such as the Texas Cowboys-type groups.
• Athletic teams: This covers a wide range, including football, basketball, baseball, cheerleading, and other varsity or club sports.
• Marching bands and other performance groups: Artistic and musical ensembles are not immune.
• Certain service, cultural, and academic organizations: Even groups with positive missions can fall prey to hazing.

The longevity of hazing practices can often be attributed to a combination of factors: the pursuit of social status, adherence to deeply ingrained traditions, a desire for group belonging, and an ingrained culture of secrecy. These elements create an environment where dangerous behaviors can persist, even when participants know hazing is illegal and immoral.

Law & Liability Framework (Texas + Federal)

Understanding the legal landscape surrounding hazing in Texas is crucial for families in City of Ferris and throughout the state. The Manginello Law Firm has deep expertise in navigating these complex frameworks, combining state statutes with broader civil and criminal applications.

Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code)

Under Texas law—which governs cases in City of Ferris and across the state—hazing is clearly defined. The Texas Education Code, in plain terms, states that hazing is any intentional, knowing, or reckless act carried out by one person alone or with others, on or off campus, directed against a student for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation, holding office, or maintaining membership in any student organization. Critically, this act must endanger the mental or physical health or safety of a student.

Breaking this down:

• On or off campus: The location of the hazing does not matter. Whether it occurs in a dorm, an off-campus house, or a remote retreat, it falls under the law.
• Mental or physical harm: Hazing doesn’t have to leave physical scars. Psychological torment, extreme humiliation, and intimidation that endanger mental health are equally unlawful.
• Intent vs. Recklessness: Perpetrators don’t need malicious intent. If they acted “recklessly”—meaning they were aware of the substantial risk and consciously disregarded it—that’s enough.
• “Consent is not a defense”: This is a cornerstone of Texas hazing law. Even if a student appears to agree to the hazing, the law recognizes that true consent is often impossible due given the immense pressure, power imbalances, and desire for acceptance.

Criminal Penalties:
Individuals found guilty of hazing can face criminal charges, including fines and jail time. The severity of these penalties escalates dramatically if the hazing results in serious bodily injury or death. Specific charges can range from Class B misdemeanors to state jail felonies, depending on the harm inflicted.

Reporter Protections:
Texas law offers protections for individuals who report hazing in good faith. There can be limited immunity or leniency for students who report incidents or call for help in an emergency, even if they were tangentially involved. This provision is designed to encourage reporting and prevent further harm.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases

When hazing occurs, there are often two distinct legal paths that can be pursued simultaneously:

• Criminal Cases: These are initiated by the state through a prosecutor and aim to punish the individuals or organizations responsible. Typical charges related to hazing can include hazing offenses, furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, battery, and, in tragic fatal cases, even manslaughter. The focus is on upholding public order and deterring future criminal behavior.

• Civil Cases: These are brought by the victims or their surviving families, with the primary goal of securing monetary compensation for the harm suffered and holding responsible parties accountable. Civil lawsuits in hazing cases often involve claims of:

  • Negligence and Gross Negligence: For example, a university failing to enforce its anti-hazing policies despite repeated warnings.
  • Wrongful Death: When hazing leads to a fatality.
  • Negligent Hiring/Supervision: If employees or advisors were aware of hazing and did nothing.
  • Premises Liability: If the hazing occurred on property where the owner failed to ensure safety.
  • Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress: For extreme psychological harm.

It’s crucial for families in City of Ferris to understand that a criminal conviction is not a prerequisite for pursuing a civil case. The standards of proof differ, and successful civil claims can proceed even if criminal charges are not filed or do not result in a conviction.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond Texas state law, federal regulations also play a significant role in campus hazing accountability:

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This landmark legislation enhances transparency and reporting requirements for colleges and universities receiving federal financial aid. By around 2026, these institutions will be mandated to publicly report hazing incidents and strengthen their education and prevention programs. This gives families throughout Texas—including City of Ferris—more tools to research potential risks.

• Title IX / Clery Act: When hazing involves elements of sexual harassment, sexual assault, or other forms of gender-based hostility, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 is triggered. This federal law prohibits sex-based discrimination in education and requires institutions to investigate and respond appropriately. Additionally, the Clery Act mandates that colleges and universities disclose campus crime statistics, including those related to assaults or alcohol/drug offenses that often accompany hazing incidents. These federal laws provide additional avenues for accountability and reporting, particularly for students in City of Ferris who attend public or private universities that receive federal funding.

Who Can Be Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit

Holding responsible parties accountable is a cornerstone of justice in hazing cases. A civil lawsuit can target multiple individuals and entities, depending on their role and responsibility:

• Individual Students: Those who actively planned, carried out, supplied alcohol, or participated in the hazing, or even helped cover it up, can be held individually liable.
• Local Chapter / Organization: The fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself, if it operates as a legal entity, can be sued. This often includes officers or “pledge educators” who held leadership roles.
• National Fraternity/Sorority: The national headquarters, which typically sets policies, collects dues, and is responsible for supervising its collegiate chapters, can be a primary target. Their liability often hinges on what they knew or should have known about a chapter’s hazing history or a specific hazing tradition.
• University or Governing Board: While public universities in Texas (like UH, Texas A&M, UT) have some sovereign immunity, exceptions exist. Universities can be liable for negligence, gross negligence, or systemic failures to address hazing, particularly when prior incidents or warnings were ignored. Private universities (like SMU and Baylor) generally have fewer immunity protections.
• Third Parties: This can include landlords or owners of properties where hazing occurred, bars or other establishments that illegally served alcohol to minors, or even security companies tasked with event oversight.

Every case is fact-specific, and not every party will be liable in every situation. An experienced hazing attorney from The Manginello Law Firm will conduct a thorough investigation to identify all potentially liable parties and build the strongest possible case.

National Hazing Case Patterns (Anchor Stories)

The tragic pattern of hazing incidents across the nation serves as a stark reminder that these are not isolated events, but rather systemic failures. These national anchor stories are crucial, as they set precedents and illustrate the severe consequences that can be leveraged in civil litigation for Texas families, including those in City of Ferris. They show how institutions, individuals, and national organizations can be held accountable when hazing spirals out of control.

Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern

Forced alcohol consumption remains the single most common and deadliest form of hazing. These cases demonstrate a recurring cycle of dangerous rituals, peer pressure, and devastating outcomes:

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State University, Beta Theta Pi (2017): Timothy Piazza, a 19-year-old pledge, died after a “bid acceptance” event involving extreme alcohol consumption. Horrifically, fraternity security cameras captured him falling repeatedly, sustaining severe head injuries, while fraternity brothers delayed calling for help for nearly 12 hours. The aftermath led to dozens of criminal charges against fraternity members, extensive civil litigation, and the creation of the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law in Pennsylvania. This case underscores how extreme intoxication, delayed medical intervention, and a pervasive culture of silence can lead to devastating legal and human costs.

• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017): Andrew Coffey, a freshman pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event. He was given a handle of hard liquor and forced to drink to dangerous levels. The incident resulted in criminal hazing charges against multiple members, a temporary suspension of all Greek life at FSU, and a significant overhaul of university policies. This tragedy highlights how formulaic “tradition” drinking nights are a repeating script for disaster, with fatal consequences.

• Maxwell “Max” Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (2017): Max Gruver, an 18-year-old freshman, died from alcohol toxicity after a “Bible study” drinking game where pledges were forced to drink heavily if they answered questions incorrectly. His blood alcohol content was 0.495%. The profound public outrage and legal action led to the enactment of the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, which made hazing a felony punishable by prison time. This case demonstrates how legislative change often follows clear proof of hazing’s destructive power.

• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021): Stone Foltz, a 20-year-old pledge, died from alcohol poisoning after being forced to consume an entire bottle of whiskey (“Big/Little night”). Multiple fraternity members were criminally convicted of hazing-related charges. In 2023, his family reached a $10 million settlement ($7 million from Pi Kappa Alpha national and approximately $3 million from BGSU). The incident also strengthened Ohio’s anti-hazing laws. This case is a powerful example of how universities—even public ones—can face significant financial and reputational consequences alongside fraternities.

Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Beyond alcohol, physical abuse and brutal ritualized hazing continue to cause severe injuries and fatalities, often far from campus oversight.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013): Michael Deng, a freshman pledge, died during a fraternity retreat in the Pocono Mountains after participating in a barbaric, blindfolded ritual known as “glass ceiling.” He was forced to endure repeated tackles and suffered a fatal traumatic brain injury. After the injury, fraternity members delayed seeking medical attention. This landmark case led to the criminal conviction of multiple members and the national fraternity itself for aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, and saw the fraternity banned from operating in Pennsylvania for 10 years. It underscores that off-campus “retreats” can be as dangerous or worse than on-campus events, and national organizations can face severe sanctions for their chapters’ actions.

Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse

Hazing is not exclusive to Greek life; it infiltrates other campus organizations, including prestigious athletic programs.

• Northwestern University Football (2023–2025): A widespread scandal emerged when former football players alleged a culture of pervasive sexualized and racist hazing within the highly successful football program over multiple years. The allegations included forced nude practices and other degrading acts. This led to multiple lawsuits against Northwestern University and its coaching staff, the eventual firing of head coach Pat Fitzgerald (who later filed his own wrongful-termination suit, settling confidentially), and a re-evaluation of institutional accountability in major athletics. This highlights that hazing can extend beyond Greek life into big-money athletic programs, signaling a type of systemic institutional abuse.

What These Cases Mean for Texas Families

These national incidents share chillingly common threads: forced drinking, extreme humiliation, physical violence, tragically delayed or denied medical care, and concerted efforts to cover up the truth. The narratives consistently demonstrate that significant reforms and multi-million-dollar settlements often follow only after tragedy strikes and courageous families pursue litigation. For families in City of Ferris whose children attend, or plan to attend, universities like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor, these national lessons are not distant events. They provide critical context for the risks prevalent on Texas campuses and inform the strategies used by experienced hazing attorneys like ours to fight for justice.

Texas Focus: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

The Manginello Law Firm understands that while hazing is a national problem, its impact is intensely local. For families in City of Ferris, the actions of fraternities, sororities, and other organizations at prominent Texas universities are a very real concern. Students from City of Ferris often attend these institutions, making their campus cultures and accountability practices directly relevant to our community.

Given its location in Ellis County, City of Ferris families may have children attending, or considering attending, universities in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex, or making the journey south to Houston or Austin. While the impact of hazing is pervasive across all institutions, we will examine how it manifests at five of Texas’s largest and most visible universities, noting City of Ferris connections where relevant.

5.1 University of Houston (UH)

5.1.1 Campus & culture snapshot

The University of Houston, a vibrant Tier One public institution in the heart of Houston, represents a diverse and dynamic campus environment. It boasts a large student body, blending commuter and residential students. UH is home to a robust Greek life, encompassing Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic Council, National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and numerous multicultural fraternities and sororities. Beyond Greek life, the university supports a wide array of student organizations, including cultural groups, sports clubs, and academic societies. For City of Ferris families, UH is a significant presence in a major Texas city, making it a common choice for higher education. Families from City of Ferris sending their children to UH are often seeking the opportunities this urban campus provides.

5.1.2 Hazing policy & reporting

The University of Houston maintains a strict anti-hazing policy, clearly outlining its prohibition on such activities both on and off campus. Their policy, consistent with Texas law, defines hazing broadly to include any intentional, knowing, or reckless act that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student for initiation or continued membership. This explicitly prohibits forced consumption of alcohol, food, drugs, sleep deprivation, physical mistreatment, and activities that cause mental distress.

UH provides various reporting channels for hazing incidents, including the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct, and the UH Police Department (UHPD). The university also posts its hazing statement and, in compliance with federal guidelines (like the forthcoming Stop Campus Hazing Act), some disciplinary information on its website. This commitment to transparency is a crucial first step for families seeking information on specific organizations.

5.1.3 Example incident & response

In 2016, a particularly severe incident involving the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity at UH highlighted the dangers of hazing. Pledges were allegedly deprived of adequate food, water, and sleep during a multi-day event. Tragically, one student suffered a lacerated spleen, believed to be caused by being slammed onto a table or similar surface. The chapter faced misdemeanor hazing charges and was subsequently suspended by the university. In response to this and other incidents, UH’s Greek Life system has seen ongoing scrutiny and periodic suspensions or probations for organizations found violating hazing policies, often concerning alcohol misuse and behavior deemed “likely to produce mental or physical discomfort.” While UH has shown a willingness to suspend chapters, the public transparency regarding specific incidents or the full scope of disciplinary actions has sometimes been limited compared to other institutions like UT Austin.

5.1.4 How a UH hazing case might proceed

For hazing incidents at UH, several agencies may become involved. The UH Police Department (UHPD) would typically handle incidents on campus, while the Houston Police Department (HPD) would respond to events in off-campus housing or other locations within city limits. Depending on the nature of the alleged crimes, the Harris County District Attorney’s office could pursue criminal charges.

For City of Ferris families seeking civil accountability, a lawsuit would likely be filed in state district courts in Harris County, given UH’s location. Potential defendants could include the individual students involved, the local fraternity chapter, the national fraternity organization, and potentially the university itself, given the public nature of UH and its responsibilities. Private property owners or alcohol providers could also be named in certain circumstances. The Manginello Law Firm, with its Houston base, is uniquely positioned to handle these cases in the local court systems.

5.1.5 What UH students & parents should do

For students at UH and their parents in City of Ferris, proactive steps are critical:

• Know the reporting channels: Familiarize yourselves with the Dean of Students’ office, UHPD, and the online reporting forms available through the university’s website.
• Document everything: If you suspect hazing, immediately screenshot text messages, group chats, and social media posts. Photograph any injuries from multiple angles and log dates, times, and details of incidents.
• Research prior violations: While UH’s public disciplinary records may have gaps, review available information on the university’s website regarding past hazing violations by specific organizations.
• Prioritize safety over secrecy: Never let fear of retaliation prevent you from seeking medical attention or reporting life-threatening situations.
• Talk to a lawyer experienced in Houston-based hazing cases: An attorney familiar with the local legal landscape can help uncover prior discipline, internal university files, and guide you through the process, even before formal reporting. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate, confidential assistance.

5.2 Texas A&M University

5.2.1 Campus & culture snapshot

Texas A&M University, nestled in College Station, epitomizes a unique blend of deep-rooted traditions and cutting-edge academics. While renowned for its engineering and agriculture programs, the campus culture is often defined by the Corps of Cadets, which imbues the university with a distinct military-style ethos and a strong sense of tradition. Greek life is also prominent, alongside numerous other student organizations, spirit groups, and athletic teams. Students, including many who hail from City of Ferris and across Ellis County, are often drawn to A&M for its strong alumni network and sense of community. The close proximity of City of Ferris to the I-45 corridor makes A&M a common destination for our local students.

5.2.2 Hazing policy & reporting

Texas A&M unequivocally prohibits hazing, articulating this stance in its Student Conduct Code and within specific regulations governing organizations like the Corps of Cadets. Their policy aligns with state law, defining hazing as any act that endangers the mental or physical well-being of a student for the purpose of initiation or membership. This comprehensive prohibition extends to alcohol abuse, physical abuse, forced servitude, and any degrading or humiliating activities.

Reporting channels at Texas A&M include the Dean of Student Life, the Corps of Cadets leadership (for Corps-specific incidents), and the University Police Department (UPD). The university also provides an online reporting portal and emphasizes clear lines of communication for concerns about student organizational conduct.

5.2.3 Example incident & response

Texas A&M has faced significant hazing incidents both within its Greek system and its storied Corps. Around 2021, two pledges of Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) fraternity filed a $1 million lawsuit against the organization. They alleged severe hazing that involved forced strenuous physical activity and the pouring of various substances, including industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit, onto their bodies. This caused severe chemical burns that necessitated skin graft surgeries. The fraternity was suspended for two years by the university following the allegations.

More recently, in 2023, a lawsuit highlighted hazing allegations within the Corps of Cadets. A former cadet alleged degrading hazing rituals, including simulated sexual acts and being bound between beds in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. He sought over $1 million in damages. Texas A&M stated it handled the matter appropriately under its internal rules, underscoring the complexities of addressing hazing within highly traditional institutions. These incidents demonstrate that hazing at A&M is a real concern in both Greek life and the Corps.

5.2.4 How an A&M hazing case might proceed

Hazing cases at Texas A&M would involve the University Police Department (UPD) for on-campus incidents or the College Station Police Department for off-campus events. Criminal charges, if pursued, would fall under the jurisdiction of the Brazos County District Attorney. Civil lawsuits stemming from A&M incidents would typically be filed in Brazos County district courts.

Potential defendants would include individual students, local chapter leadership, national fraternity organizations, and potentially Texas A&M University itself, being a public institution with specific duties and responsibilities. The Manginello Law Firm has extensive experience with cases against large institutions throughout Texas.

5.2.5 What A&M students & parents should do

For students at Texas A&M and their families in City of Ferris and across Ellis County, awareness and prompt action are paramount:

• Understand the specific risks: Be aware that hazing can occur in both Greek organizations and within the Corps of Cadets by understanding the unique cultural aspects of A&M.
• Utilize reporting mechanisms: Be familiar with how to report incidents to the Dean of Student Life, the Corps leadership, or UPD, and consider using anonymous channels if fear of retaliation is a concern.
• Document alleged hazing: Preserve all possible evidence, including screenshots of group chats, photos of injuries, and accounts of what transpired, as digital footprints are critical.
• Seek legal counsel early: Before engaging with university conduct processes or law enforcement, contact an experienced attorney. Early legal consultation can help preserve evidence and protect the student’s rights, especially if their account will be scrutinizing the actions of a powerful institution. Our firm knows how to investigate these situations.

5.3 University of Texas at Austin (UT)

5.3.1 Campus & culture snapshot

The University of Texas at Austin, a sprawling public research institution, is a flagship university in the state. Its vibrant campus culture is characterized by academic excellence, a thriving Greek life, and fiercely competitive spirit organizations. Students from all corners of Texas, including City of Ferris and Ellis County, are drawn to UT Austin’s prestigious programs and dynamic city environment. For City of Ferris families, UT Austin remains a top choice, despite the distance, for its academic standing and spirited culture. The Interstate 35 corridor provides a direct route for families to visit campus from City of Ferris.

5.3.2 Hazing policy & reporting

The University of Texas at Austin maintains one of the most transparent anti-hazing policies and reporting mechanisms among major Texas universities. Its commitment to accountability is reflected in its publicly available Hazing Violations website (hazing.utexas.edu), which lists specific organizations, dates of incidents, a description of the conduct, and the disciplinary sanctions imposed. This comprehensive approach is designed to inform students and parents and deter future violations.

UT’s policy strictly prohibits hazing as defined by Texas law, covering acts that endanger mental or physical health for the purpose of initiation or membership. Reporting channels are robust, including the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct, the UT Police Department (UTPD), and anonymous reporting options.

5.3.3 Selected documented incidents & responses

UT Austin’s public Hazing Violations website provides a clear record of recurring issues. For example, in 2023, Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) was sanctioned after new members were directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics, actions found to constitute hazing. The chapter was placed on probation and required to implement new hazing-prevention education. Other student groups, including traditional spirit organizations like the Texas Wranglers, have also faced sanctions for hazing involving forced workouts, alcohol-related activities, “kidnapping” scenarios, and other punishment-based practices.

Another significant incident involved Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) in January 2024, when an international exchange student alleged assault by members at a party, resulting in severe injuries including a dislocated leg, fractured tibia, and broken nose. The chapter was already under suspension for prior violations. These examples highlight UT’s commitment to publicly documenting violations, which, in turn, provides compelling evidence of repetitive misconduct within certain organizations.

5.3.4 How a UT Austin hazing case might proceed

Hazing incidents at UT Austin could involve the University Police Department (UTPD) for campus-related matters, or the Austin Police Department (APD) for off-campus events. Criminal charges, if applicable, would be handled by the Travis County District Attorney’s office. Civil lawsuits arising from UT Austin incidents would typically be filed in state district courts within Travis County.

Potential defendants would include individual students, the local chapter, the national fraternity or sorority, and potentially the University of Texas at Austin through claims of negligence, gross negligence, or systemic failures. The public record of hazing violations maintained by UT Austin can be incredibly valuable in civil cases, demonstrating a pattern of issues and the university’s awareness. The Manginello Law Firm’s Austin office provides local insight and legal knowledge for Central Texas cases.

5.3.5 What UT Austin students & parents should do

For UT Austin students and their parents in City of Ferris and surrounding areas:

• Check the UT Hazing Violations website: This public resource (hazing.utexas.edu) is a critical tool for researching an organization’s disciplinary history before joining or if concerns arise. Pay close attention to repeat offenders, as this can signal a deeper cultural problem.
• Document everything: If hazing occurs, screenshot all communications, photograph injuries, gather witness information, and save relevant items. This evidence is crucial.
• Know your reporting options: Utilize the Dean of Students, UTPD, or anonymous hotlines, but only after seeking legal counsel to best protect your rights and evidence.
• Seek legal advice regarding specific incidents: Given UT’s record-keeping, an attorney can help leverage this information to build a strong case. Contact Attorney911 early at 1-888-ATTY-911 for confidential guidance.

5.4 Southern Methodist University (SMU)

5.4.1 Campus & culture snapshot

Southern Methodist University (SMU), a private institution located in Dallas, is renowned for its academic rigor, picturesque campus, and a prominent Greek life system. It draws a significant number of students from affluent backgrounds in Texas and beyond, including those from City of Ferris and Ellis County who seek its distinctive blend of academic and social opportunities. SMU’s culture often emphasizes tradition and social engagement within its Greek organizations and other student groups. Its location in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex makes it a strong pull for families from northern Texas.

5.4.2 Hazing policy & reporting

SMU’s anti-hazing policy is comprehensive, clearly stating its prohibition on any hazing activities, whether on or off campus, that threaten the mental or physical well-being of students. As a private university, SMU can often enforce its rules with a degree of autonomy. The policy covers all forms of hazing, including forced subservience, alcohol abuse, psychological manipulation, and dangerous physical acts.

Reporting channels at SMU include the Office of Student Conduct and Community Standards, the Dean of Students, and the SMU Police Department. The university encourages anonymous reporting through various avenues, such as its “Real Response” system, to foster a safer environment and encourage disclosure without fear of retaliation.

5.4.3 Example incident & response

SMU has also grappled with hazing incidents within its Greek system. In 2017, the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity at SMU was suspended after reports of hazing activities surfaced. Allegations included new members being paddled, forced to consume alcohol, and deprived of sleep. The chapter faced university disciplinary action and significant restrictions on its activities and recruitment until approximately 2021. This incident highlights the ongoing challenges that even well-resourced private universities face in controlling such behaviors.

SMU’s response often includes thorough investigations and disciplinary actions aligned with its student conduct policies. However, as a private institution, the level of public transparency regarding specific incidents and disciplinary outcomes may differ from public universities like UT Austin. Regardless, any incident of hazing is taken seriously within the university’s internal processes and can still lead to legal ramifications.

5.4.4 How an SMU hazing case might proceed

Hazing incidents at SMU would typically involve the SMU Police Department for campus-related matters or the Dallas Police Department for off-campus events. Criminal charges, if applicable, would be handled by the Dallas County District Attorney’s office. Civil lawsuits stemming from SMU incidents would generally be filed in state district courts in Dallas County.

Unlike public universities, private institutions like SMU do not benefit from sovereign immunity, making them potentially more directly liable in negligence-based civil claims. Potential defendants could include individual students, the local chapter, the national fraternity/sorority, and SMU itself. The Manginello Law Firm’s Houston office, with its statewide reach, is well-equipped to manage litigation in the Dallas-Fort Worth area.

5.4.5 What SMU students & parents should do

For SMU students and their parents in City of Ferris and the DFW Metroplex:

• Engage with SMU’s anti-hazing resources: Understand the university’s policies and utilize its anonymous reporting systems like “Real Response” if concerns arise.
• Document and report: If hazing occurs, meticulously document all evidence, including digital communications, photos, and eyewitness accounts. Report to the Office of Student Conduct and Community Standards, but only after receiving legal advice.
• Understand private university dynamics: While SMU has robust internal processes, legal counsel can help you navigate these systems while protecting your rights, ensuring all avenues for accountability are explored.
• Contact an experienced hazing attorney early: The nuances of litigation against private institutions require specialized legal knowledge. Reach out to The Manginello Law Firm at 1-888-ATTY-911 for confidential guidance.

5.5 Baylor University

5.5.1 Campus & culture snapshot

Baylor University, a private Baptist university in Waco, Texas, is known for its strong Christian identity, academic excellence, and fiercely loyal student body. Students from City of Ferris and Texas often choose Baylor for its supportive community and blend of faith-based education with robust academic programs. Baylor’s campus life includes active Greek organizations, competitive athletic teams, and numerous student groups, all operating within an institutional framework that emphasizes values and community. Baylor is located in Central Texas, relatively accessible for families from City of Ferris.

5.5.2 Hazing policy & reporting

Baylor University maintains a “zero tolerance” policy for hazing, emphasizing its commitment to student safety and well-being. Its policy strictly prohibits any practice that is abusive, demeaning, or potentially harmful, whether physical, emotional, or psychological, and links it to initiation or membership in any university-recognized organization. This policy is clearly articulated in the student handbook and aligns with Texas state law.

Baylor offers various reporting mechanisms, including the Office of Student Conduct, the Baylor Police Department (BUPD), and an ethics point hotline that allows for anonymous reporting. The university emphasizes that protecting students from harm, including hazing, is a core value and encourages prompt reporting of incidents.

5.5.3 Example incident & response

Baylor University has, in recent years, faced significant scrutiny over its institutional oversight, particularly in the wake of a highly publicized football and Title IX sexual assault scandal. This context often colors how the community and legal system view other forms of misconduct, including hazing. In 2020, the Baylor baseball team faced a hazing scandal that resulted in the suspension of 14 players. The suspensions were staggered during the early part of the season, highlighting individual and team accountability for the actions.

This incident, while not as severe as some other high-profile hazing deaths, reinforces that hazing can occur across various student groups, not just Greek life, and that institutional oversight remains a critical factor. Baylor’s response to such events is often framed within its overall commitment to student safety and integrity, while also balancing its “zero tolerance” directives against the realities of student conduct.

5.5.4 How a Baylor hazing case might proceed

Hazing incidents at Baylor University would typically involve the Baylor Police Department (BUPD) for on-campus matters or the Waco Police Department for off-campus events. Criminal charges, if applicable, would be handled by the McLennan County District Attorney’s office. Civil lawsuits would likely be filed in state district courts in McLennan County.

As a private institution, Baylor University does not have sovereign immunity, making it a potential defendant in civil claims alleging negligence or institutional responsibility. Defending against such claims often involves balancing the university’s stated values and policies against any alleged failures in enforcement or oversight. The Manginello Law Firm has ample experience in navigating these multifaceted legal claims across Texas.

5.5.5 What Baylor students & parents should do

For Baylor students and their parents in City of Ferris and across Texas:

• Understand Baylor’s “zero tolerance” policy: Familiarize yourselves with the university’s explicit stance on hazing and the consequences for violations.
• Utilize university reporting options: Be prepared to report incidents to the Office of Student Conduct, BUPD, or the ethics point hotline.
• Document and preserve evidence: Critical steps include screenshotting digital communications, photographing injuries, and meticulously recording event details. This evidence is paramount in any subsequent investigation or legal action.
• Seek legal counsel early: Engage with an experienced attorney before making formal reports. An attorney can help strategize the best approach to protect your child’s rights and gather crucial evidence, particularly given Baylor’s history of managing sensitive institutional issues. Contact 1-888-ATTY-911 for confidential guidance.

Fraternities & Sororities: Campus-Specific + National Histories

The patterns of hazing on our Texas campuses are directly tied to the histories of the national fraternities and sororities that charter their local chapters. For families in City of Ferris and throughout Texas, understanding these national histories isn’t just about sensational headlines; it’s about evaluating the sustained risks associated with certain organizations and how that history can profoundly impact legal accountability for a hazing incident.

Why National Histories Matter

Most fraternities and sororities, including many at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor, are part of larger national organizations. These national headquarters are not detached entities. They:

• Develop comprehensive anti-hazing manuals and risk management policies. These policies are often a direct response to past deaths, catastrophic injuries, and multi-million-dollar lawsuits experienced by their chapters across the country.
• Are keenly aware of recurring hazing patterns within their chapters, such as forced drinking nights, ritualistic paddling, and humiliating initiation practices. They know the scripts.

When a local chapter in Texas, at any of these universities, repeats a hazing script that has already led to suspensions, lawsuits, or fatalities for another chapter in a different state, it demonstrates foreseeability. This pattern of prior incidents can be a powerful legal tool used to argue that the national organization knew—or absolutely should have known—the inherent dangers of such activities. This knowledge gap can form the basis for claims of negligence or even support punitive damage arguments against the national entity, directly linking a local incident to a broader organizational failure.

Organization Mapping (Synthesized)

While it’s impossible to list every chapter, certain national organizations have a documented history of severe hazing incidents that have led to significant legal and institutional consequences. These organizations are present at the Texas universities we are discussing:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike): Widely present on Texas campuses (including UT and UH). Nationally infamous for the hazing death of Stone Foltz at Bowling Green State University (2021), where a pledge died from alcohol poisoning after being forced to consume an entire bottle of whiskey. Another significant case involved the $14 million settlement to the family of David Bogenberger following an alcohol poisoning death at Northern Illinois University (2012). These patterns show a clear history of dangerous alcohol-related hazing.

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE): A large national fraternity with chapters at Texas A&M and UT Austin, among others. SAE has a national pattern of hazing-related deaths and severe injuries. Recent incidents include a traumatic brain injury case filed in 2023 at the University of Alabama following alleged hazing rituals, and a lawsuit at Texas A&M University (around 2021) where pledges suffered severe chemical burns from industrial-strength cleaner poured on them. In January 2024, the UT Austin chapter faced a lawsuit after an exchange student alleged assault at a party, sustaining serious injuries. The national organization has at times attempted to modify its pledge processes in response to such tragedies, but local chapter conduct often continues the dangerous patterns.

• Phi Delta Theta: Has chapters at several major Texas universities (including Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor). Nationally recognized for the tragic hazing death of Maxwell “Max” Gruver at Louisiana State University (2017) due to acute alcohol toxicity from a forced drinking game. This incident directly led to Louisiana’s felony hazing law.

• Pi Kappa Phi: Present at UH, Texas A&M, and UT. A notable national case involved the death of Andrew Coffey at Florida State University (2017) from alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night,” where pledges were given handles of hard liquor.

• Beta Theta Pi: Active at UH, Texas A&M, UT, and Baylor. The fraternity gained national attention for the death of Timothy Piazza at Penn State University (2017), where a pledge died from traumatic brain injuries after extreme alcohol consumption and delayed medical treatment during a “bid acceptance” night.

• Phi Gamma Delta (FIJI): Present at Texas A&M. Nationally known for the highly publicized case of Danny Santulli at the University of Missouri (2021). Santulli suffered severe, permanent brain damage and now requires 24/7 care after being forced to consume excessive alcohol during a “pledge dad reveal” night. His family engaged in multi-million-dollar settlements with numerous defendants.

• Kappa Sigma: Chapters found at Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor. This fraternity has a history of hazing incidents, including a $12.6 million jury verdict awarded to the parents of Chad Meredith at the University of Miami (2001), who drowned after being persuaded by fraternity members to swim across a lake while intoxicated. Recent allegations at Texas A&M University (2023) involve severe injuries related to rhabdomyolysis from extreme physical hazing.

This is not an exhaustive list, but it illustrates how recurring patterns of violence, forced drinking, and psychological abuse are deeply ingrained in the histories of certain national organizations.

Tie Back to Legal Strategy

The documented national histories of these fraternities and sororities are not merely anecdotal. In a legal context, they provide powerful evidence. Our legal strategy often involves:

• Demonstrating Foreseeability: Proving that the national organization knew, or should have known, that specific dangerous hazing practices were common within its chapters. When a Texas chapter replicates a known national pattern that previously caused death or severe injury, the national organization’s ability to claim ignorance is severely diminished.
• Challenging “Paper Policies”: While national organizations all have anti-hazing policies, we investigate whether these policies were genuinely enforced. If prior violations received minimal punishment or if training focused more on avoiding detection than prevention, it weakens their defense.
• Influencing Settlement Leverage: A comprehensive understanding of national hazing history can significantly increase a plaintiff’s leverage in settlement negotiations, as defendants understand the potential for punitive damages and negative publicity at trial.
• Navigating Insurance Coverage: Knowledge of an organization’s history helps in anticipating and counteracting arguments from insurers who try to deny coverage for hazing incidents based on “intentional acts” exclusions.

For families in City of Ferris confronting hazing at any Texas university, understanding this connection between local actions and national histories is vital for pursuing comprehensive accountability.

Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

Building a successful hazing case requires meticulous investigation, a comprehensive understanding of complex laws, and a strategic approach to litigation. The Manginello Law Firm excels in unraveling these complex scenarios, from evidence collection to proving damages, all while fighting against powerful institutional defenses.

Evidence

In hazing cases, securing and preserving evidence is paramount due to the speed at which it can be destroyed or disappear. In today’s digital age, much of this critical evidence is electronic:

• Digital Communications: These are often the most crucial pieces of evidence. This includes group chats and direct messages from every platform: GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Slack, and even fraternity/sorority-specific apps. We also look at Instagram DMs, Snapchat messages, and TikTok comments. This evidence reveals planning, intent, knowledge, and who was involved before, during, and after the hazing. Crucially, while messages can be deleted, digital forensics experts can often recover them. Attorney911’s video on using your cellphone to document a legal case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) explains best practices for preserving screenshots and photos.
• Photos & Videos: Any content recorded by members during hazing events, whether shared in chats or on social media, is valuable. This also includes security camera footage from houses or venues, as well as Ring or doorbell camera footage.
• Internal Organization Documents: These can include pledge manuals, initiation scripts, lists of “traditions,” and emails or texts from officers giving instructions related to new members. National policies and training materials are also critical to assess their knowledge of hazing risks.
• University Records: We seek prior conduct files related to the organization, including probation records, suspensions, and warning letters. Incident reports filed with campus police or student conduct offices, as well as Clery reports, help establish patterns of misconduct.
• Medical and Psychological Records: These are essential for proving the extent of the harm. This includes emergency room records, ambulance reports, hospitalization details, and any records related to surgeries, rehabilitation, and long-term care. Toxicology reports for alcohol or drugs, and psychological evaluations (for PTSD, depression, anxiety, or suicidal ideation), are also critical.
• Witness Testimony: The accounts of other pledges, members, roommates, Resident Advisors (RAs), coaches, and bystanders who saw the events unfold can be invaluable. Even former members who quit or were expelled can provide crucial insights.

Damages

When hazing causes harm, the law provides for various categories of damages to compensate victims and their families. While we never guarantee specific dollar amounts, we diligently pursue all available avenues for compensation:

• Medical Bills & Future Care: This covers all costs, from immediate emergency room visits and ambulance transport to complex surgeries, ongoing treatment, physical therapy, and necessary medications. For catastrophic injuries like brain damage or organ failure, this includes sophisticated life care plans, which project lifetime medical needs.
• Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: This includes income lost if the victim or a parent had to take time off work. It also accounts for the profound impact on a student’s education, such as missed semesters, lost scholarships, delayed graduation, and reduced future earning capacity if permanent injuries impact their ability to work.
• Non-Economic Damages: These compensate for subjective but very real suffering, including:
  • Physical Pain and Suffering: From injuries like broken bones, burns, internal injuries, and persistent chronic pain.
  • Emotional Distress, Trauma, Humiliation: Covering the psychological toll, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, humiliation, and loss of dignity.
  • Loss of Enjoyment of Life: Quantifying the diminished ability to participate in hobbies, sports, social activities, and the overall college experience.
• Wrongful Death Damages (for Families): In the most tragic cases, families can recover for:
  • Funeral and Burial Costs.
  • Loss of Financial Support: If the deceased would have contributed to family income.
  • Loss of Companionship, Love, and Society: Compensating for the deep emotional void left by a loved one.
  • Grief and Emotional Suffering: The profound distress experienced by surviving family members.

Role of Different Defendants and Insurance Coverage

Hazing cases are often complicated by the defensive tactics of powerful defendants and their insurance carriers. National fraternities and universities typically carry substantial insurance policies designed to protect them from liability. However, these insurers frequently attempt to deny coverage, arguing that hazing or “intentional acts” are excluded from their policies.

This is where the expertise of The Manginello Law Firm becomes critical. Our team, including attorney Lupe Peña with her background as a former insurance defense attorney (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/), understands how these insurance companies operate and the subtle ways they try to avoid payouts. We:

• Identify All Potential Coverage: Thoroughly investigate all available insurance policies, including chapter policies, national policies, and university umbrella policies.
• Challenge Exclusions: Argue that even if hazing involved intentional acts, the organization’s or university’s negligent supervision or failure to prevent the conduct falls within policy coverage.
• Fight Bad Faith Denials: If an insurer wrongfully denies coverage, we are prepared to pursue claims of bad faith to ensure our clients receive the compensation they deserve.

Our deep knowledge of insurance tactics developed over many years allows us to navigate these disputes effectively, often forcing insurers to the negotiation table to protect our clients’ rights.

Practical Guides & FAQs

For City of Ferris families, students across Texas, and any potential witnesses, empowering yourself with knowledge and knowing how to act can make all the difference in a hazing situation.

8.1 For Parents

For parents in City of Ferris, the thought of your child being hazed is terrifying. Knowing the warning signs and how to respond can be critical:

• Warning Signs of Hazing:

  • Unexplained injuries like bruises, burns, or cuts, especially if explanations don’t add up.
  • Extreme fatigue or exhaustion beyond normal student stress, often accompanied by chronic sleep deprivation.
  • Drastic changes in mood, such as increased anxiety, depression, irritability, or unusual secrecy.
  • Constant secret phone use for group chats, often with a visible fear of missing “mandatory” events.
  • Sudden decline in academic performance or missing classes for unexplained reasons.
  • Unusual financial requests or new unexplained expenses.
  • Withdrawal from former friends, family, or activities.

• How to Talk to Your Child: Approach the conversation calmly and with empathy. Ask open-ended questions like, “How are things really going in your new group?” or “Is there anything making you uncomfortable?” Emphasize that their safety and well-being are your highest priority, far above any group affiliation, and that you will support them without judgment.

• If Your Child is Hurt:

  • Get immediate medical care. Prioritize their health and safety above all else, even if they’re worried about “getting in trouble.”
  • Document everything. Photograph any injuries from multiple angles and over several days to show progression. Screenshot all relevant text messages, group chats, and social media posts. Write down dates, times, names, and a detailed account of what they tell you while the memory is fresh.

• Dealing with the University: If you contact the university, document every communication. Ask specifically about any prior incidents involving the same organization and what actions the school took. Remember, universities may try to manage the narrative, so having your own documentation is vital.

• When to Talk to a Lawyer: If your child has sustained significant physical or psychological harm due to hazing, or if you feel the university or organization is minimizing or hiding what happened, it’s imperative to contact a lawyer experienced in hazing cases. An attorney can help preserve evidence, navigate complex university processes, and protect your child’s rights. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate, confidential assistance.

8.2 For Students / Pledges

For students from City of Ferris or elsewhere in Texas, distinguishing between harmless tradition and dangerous hazing can be confusing. Here’s what you need to know:

• Is This Hazing or Just Tradition? Ask yourself:

  • Am I being forced or pressured to do something I don’t want to do?
  • Would I do this if I had a real choice, without fear of exclusion or punishment?
  • Is this activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal?
  • Would older members do this if university officials or my parents were watching?
  • Are they telling me to keep this activity secret from outsiders?
    If you answered yes to any of these, it is likely hazing, regardless of what it’s called.

• Why “Consent” Isn’t the End of the Story: Organizations often claim new members “consented” to participate. However, Texas law (Education Code § 37.155) explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. The law acknowledges that power dynamics, intense peer pressure, and the overwhelming desire to belong make true, voluntary consent nearly impossible. You have the right to be safe, regardless of what you might have felt pressured into agreeing to.

• Exiting and Reporting Safely: If you are in immediate danger, call 911. If you want to leave a group due to hazing, you have the legal right to do so. Inform someone outside the organization first (a trusted friend, family member, or RA). You can formally resign by sending an email or text message to the chapter president or new member educator. Do not attend “one last meeting” where you might be pressured or intimidated. If you fear retaliation, report those fears to the Dean of Students or campus police. You can also report anonymously to the National Anti-Hazing Hotline at 1-888-NOT-HAZE (1-888-668-4293).

• Good-Faith Reporting and Amnesty: Many schools and Texas law encourage students to call for help in medical emergencies. Texas law, for instance, provides protections for individuals who call 911 in good faith, even if alcohol or other prohibited substances were involved. This means you should prioritize getting help for someone who is in danger.

8.3 For Former Members / Witnesses

If you are a former member or a witness to hazing, you may feel conflicted, guilty, or fearful of coming forward. However, your testimony and evidence can be crucial in preventing future harm and ensuring accountability.

• Acknowledge the guilt and fear: Many individuals who have been involved in hazing, even as reluctant participants or witnesses, struggle with guilt, shame, and fear of legal repercussions or social ostracization. It’s important to recognize these feelings are valid, but they should not prevent you from doing what’s right.
• Your testimony matters: Your insights and evidence can be instrumental in piecing together critical details, validating victims’ experiences, and preventing future tragedies. By coming forward, you can contribute to a safer campus environment.
• Seeking legal advice: It is highly advisable to seek your own legal counsel. An attorney can help you understand your rights and potential exposures, and guide you through the process of cooperating with investigators or legal teams in a way that protects you. Lawyers can help navigate your role as a witness or even as a co-defendant, if applicable, to secure the most favorable outcome while contributing to justice.

8.4 Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

For City of Ferris families, understanding common missteps can be just as crucial as knowing what to do. These mistakes, often made with good intentions, can severely undermine a hazing case:

1. Letting your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence:

   • What parents think: “I don’t want them to get in more trouble or feel embarrassed.”
   • Why it’s wrong: This can appear as a cover-up, potentially lead to charges of obstruction of justice, and makes proving your claim nearly impossible. Digital footprints are often the most critical evidence.
   • What to do instead: Preserve and back up everything immediately, no matter how embarrassing it seems.

2. Confronting the fraternity/sorority directly:

   • What parents think: “I’m going to give them a piece of my mind and demand answers.”
   • Why it’s wrong: This immediately puts the organization on alert. They will likely destroy evidence, coach witnesses, and prepare their defenses, making a future investigation much harder.
   • What to do instead: Document everything in detail, then call an experienced hazing lawyer before any direct confrontation.

3. Signing university “release” or “resolution” forms:

   • What universities do: They often pressure families to sign waivers or agree to “internal resolutions” in exchange for minimal disciplinary action.
   • Why it’s wrong: You may inadvertently waive your legal right to sue the university or organization, and the “settlement” offered is often far below the true value of the case.
   • What to do instead: Do NOT sign any documents from the university or an organization without having an attorney review them first.

4. Posting details on social media before talking to a lawyer:

   • What families think: “I want people to know what happened to my child and warn others.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Anything posted online can be used by defense attorneys, who will screenshot it all. Inconsistencies or emotional posts can hurt your credibility and may even waive your legal privileges.
   • What to do instead: Document privately and exhaustively. Let your legal team control the public messaging strategically and responsibly.

5. Letting your child go back to “one last meeting” with the group:

   • What fraternities say: “Just come talk to us before you make any rash decisions.”
   • Why it’s wrong: These meetings are often designed to pressure, intimidate, or extract statements that can be used against your child in a future legal case.
   • What to do instead: Once you are considering legal action, all communication with the organization should cease and go through your lawyer.

6. Waiting “to see how the university handles it”:

   • What universities promise: “We’re investigating, please let us handle this internally.”
   • Why it’s wrong: While universities conduct investigations, their primary goal is to protect the institution. Evidence disappears rapidly, witnesses graduate, and organizations work to destroy records. The statute of limitations for legal action continues to tick.
   • What to do instead: Preserve evidence NOW and consult a lawyer immediately. The university process rarely leads to the full accountability and compensation a civil lawsuit can provide.

7. Talking to insurance adjusters without a lawyer:

   • What adjusters say: “We just need your statement to help process the claim quickly.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Recorded statements are used against you, and initial settlement offers are almost always lowball attempts to conclude the case cheaply.
   • What to do instead: Politely decline to speak with them and state, “My attorney will contact you.”

These mistakes are well-documented in our firm’s video on client mistakes that can ruin your injury case, available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY.

8.5 Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
  Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities like UH, Texas A&M, and UT enjoy some sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, or when suing individuals in their personal capacity. Private universities like SMU and Baylor typically have fewer immunity protections. Every case depends on its specific facts. We encourage you to contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.

• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
  Yes, it certainly can be. While basic hazing is a Class B misdemeanor by default under Texas law, it escalates to a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Furthermore, individual officers or members can face misdemeanor charges for failing to report known hazing incidents.

• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation activities?”
  Absolutely. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. The law recognizes that “consent” given under duress, peer pressure, or the overwhelming desire for inclusion is not true voluntary consent. Your child is protected by this law.

• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit in Texas?”
  Generally, in Texas, you have 2 years from the date of injury or death to file a hazing lawsuit. However, the “discovery rule” can extend this period if the harm or its cause was initially unknown. In cases involving cover-ups or fraud, the statute of limitations may be partially paused (tolled). Time is absolutely critical in hazing cases—evidence disappears quickly, witnesses’ memories fade, and organizations may destroy records. We strongly advise that you call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately to discuss your specific timeline. Explore our video on the statute of limitations for more details: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c.

• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
  The location of the hazing does not eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities/sororities can still be held responsible based on their sponsorship, control, knowledge of the activities, and the foreseeability of hazing occurring. Many significant hazing cases, such as the Pi Delta Psi retreat case (Chun Michael Deng) and the Sigma Pi case (Collin Wiant), involved incidents that occurred off-campus but still resulted in multi-million-dollar judgments against responsible parties.

• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
  We understand the deep desire for privacy. While some high-profile cases do gain media attention, the vast majority of hazing lawsuits settle confidentially before ever reaching a public trial. We can work with you to request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. Our priority is to pursue accountability while respecting your family’s privacy to the greatest extent possible.

About The Manginello Law Firm + Call to Action

When your family faces a hazing case, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. At The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, we are the Legal Emergency Lawyers™. We bring a specialized approach to hazing litigation that is unique in Texas.

Our core strength in hazing cases stems from a blend of experiences that are precisely what these complex institutional claims demand:

• Insurance Insider Advantage: Attorney Lupe Peña, a third-generation Texan, honed her skills as a former insurance defense attorney at a national firm. This invaluable experience means she knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies value (and often undervalue) hazing claims. She understands their delay tactics, coverage exclusion arguments, and settlement strategies because we used to run that playbook. Her background allows us to anticipate their moves and counter them effectively. Learn more about Lupe Peña at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/.
• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions: Ralph Manginello, our managing partner, has an impressive track record taking on entrenched, well-resourced defendants. He was one of the few Texas firms involved in the BP Texas City explosion litigation, a testament to his ability to navigate multi-party, high-stakes cases against billion-dollar corporations. His extensive federal court experience, particularly in the U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas, means we are not intimidated by national fraternities, universities, or their formidable defense teams. We know how to fight powerful defendants and forge paths to justice. You can review Ralph Manginello’s credentials at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/.
• Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death and Catastrophic Injury Expertise: We have a proven track record in complex wrongful death cases, collaborating closely with economists to understand the full lifetime financial loss. Our experience extends to valuing lifetime care needs for victims of catastrophic injuries, such as brain damage or permanent disability. We don’t settle cheaply; we build cases that force accountability and secure comprehensive compensation for our clients, as detailed on our wrongful death claims page: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/.
• Criminal + Civil Hazing Expertise: Ralph’s membership in the prestigious Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) provides a distinct advantage. We understand how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation, allowing us to advise witnesses and former members who may face dual exposure effectively. Our criminal defense experience (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/) is invaluable for navigating these intertwined legal paths.
• Investigative Depth: We commit to a thorough investigation, utilizing a network of top-tier experts—medical professionals, digital forensics specialists, economists, and psychologists. Our experience allows us to obtain hidden evidence, such as deleted group chats, internal chapter records, and university files made available through discovery and public records requests. We investigate like your child’s life depends on it—because it does.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911 operates from our primary office in Houston, with additional offices in Austin and Beaumont. While we are a Houston-based Texas personal injury firm, we serve families throughout the state, including City of Ferris and the surrounding areas in Ellis County. We understand that hazing at Texas universities impacts families in City of Ferris and across the region, regardless of where their student is enrolled.

We understand how fraternities, sororities, Corps programs, and athletic departments operate behind closed doors. Knowing how to investigate modern hazing—from obtaining deleted digital evidence to subpoenaing national records—is essential. We also recognize what makes hazing cases profoundly different: the powerful institutional defendants, the intricate insurance coverage fights, and the sensitive balance of victim privacy versus public accountability. We also offer a video explaining how contingency fees work, reassuring clients that we don’t get paid unless we win their case: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc.

We know this is one of the hardest things a family can face. Our job is to get you answers, hold the right people accountable, and help prevent this from happening to another family. We are not about bravado or quick settlements; we are about thorough investigation and real accountability.

Call to Action

If you or your child experienced hazing at any Texas campus—whether it was at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or another institution—we want to hear from you. Families in City of Ferris and throughout the surrounding region have the right to answers and accountability.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We’ll listen to what happened without judgment, explain your legal options, and help you decide on the best path forward.

What to expect in your free consultation:

• We will listen to your story with empathy and without judgment.
• We will review any evidence you have, such as photos, texts, or medical records.
• We will explain your legal options: whether a criminal report, a civil lawsuit, both, or neither, is appropriate for your case.
• We will discuss realistic timelines and what to expect during the legal process.
• We will answer all your questions about costs, as we operate on a contingency fee basis—meaning we don’t get paid unless we win your case.
• There is no pressure to hire us on the spot; we encourage you to take the time you need to decide.
• Everything you tell us is strictly confidential.

You don’t have to face this alone. Call us today.

Contact Information:

• Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Website: https://attorney911.com
• Email: ralph@atty911.com

Hablamos Español – Contact Lupe Peña directly for consultation in Spanish at lupe@atty911.com. Servicios legales en español disponibles.

Whether you’re in City of Ferris or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, is here to help.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com