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The Alaska Family’s Guide to Hazing in Texas: Understanding Laws, Cases, and Accountability at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor

1. Hook + Overview

The phone rings. It’s midnight. Your child, home on a quick visit to Alaska from their university in Texas, sounds different. There’s a forced cheerfulness that doesn’t quite mask the underlying exhaustion and anxiety. They brush off your questions about that new group they joined—the fraternity, the sorority, the spirit organization, or even that highly selective leadership program. “It’s just part of the initiation,” they say, “everyone has to go through it.” They might mention a tough “workout” or a late-night “team-building” event that left them bruised or severely sleep-deprived. Maybe they’re secretive about new friends, or suddenly obsessed with a group chat that pings at all hours.

For families in Alaska, sending a child thousands of miles away to a Texas university is a leap of faith. You trust that campus will be a safe place for growth, learning, and new experiences. But what if that trust is betrayed by a culture of hazing? What if the “traditions” they’re forced to endure cross a dangerous line, leading to severe injury or even death? This nightmare scenario recently unfolded in Houston, where Leonel Bermudez, a University of Houston student and pledge for the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter, allegedly suffered catastrophic injuries, including rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure, after brutal hazing rituals. His story serves as a stark reminder that these aren’t isolated incidents, and they can happen at any university, affecting any family.

This comprehensive guide is designed specifically for families in Alaska whose children attend — or are considering attending — Texas universities. We understand the unique challenges of being geographically distant while facing concerns about campus safety and potential hazing. We at The Manginello Law Firm, operating as Attorney911, the Legal Emergency Lawyers™, have seen firsthand the devastating impact of hazing and are committed to helping families navigate these complex issues.

This guide will demystify what hazing truly looks like in 2025, moving past outdated stereotypes to reveal the insidious tactics organizations employ today. We will break down the Texas and federal legal frameworks designed to combat hazing, explaining your rights and the avenues for accountability. We’ll examine major national hazing cases, drawing critical connections to the realities at prominent Texas institutions like the University of Houston, Texas A&M University, the University of Texas at Austin, Southern Methodist University, and Baylor University. You’ll learn how the history of a national fraternity or sorority can fuel current liabilities, and how to build a strong legal case if hazing occurs. Finally, we provide practical, actionable advice for parents and students on recognizing, responding to, and preventing hazing, along with answers to frequently asked questions.

Our goal is to empower families from Alaska with the knowledge and resources necessary to protect their children and seek justice if hazing causes harm anywhere in Texas. We serve families across Texas, including those from Alaska, offering expert legal guidance and unwavering advocacy.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

• If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

  • Call 911 for medical emergencies
  • Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
  • We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

• In the first 48 hours:

  • Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
  • Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
    • Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
    • Photograph injuries from multiple angles
    • Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
  • Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
  • Do NOT:
    • Confront the fraternity/sorority
    • Sign anything from the university or insurance company
    • Post details on public social media
    • Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

• Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

  • Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
  • Universities move quickly to control the narrative
  • We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
  • Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

2. Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

The image of hazing often conjures up outdated movie stereotypes – a few embarrassing pranks or harmless rituals. However, the reality of hazing in 2025 at Texas universities like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor is far more sinister and dangerous. It’s a complex, often secretive system of abuse that can lead to severe physical injury, psychological trauma, and even death. For families in Alaska, understanding the subtle and overt forms of hazing is the first step toward protection.

Hazing is any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by one person alone or with others, directed against a student, that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, and occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students. This broad definition ensures that “I agreed to it” is not a valid defense when there is peer pressure, power imbalance, and explicit or implicit coercion.

2.1 Main Categories of Hazing: Beyond the Stereotypes

Modern hazing has evolved, often incorporating technology and psychological manipulation to avoid detection and maintain control.

• Alcohol and Substance Hazing: This remains the most common and deadliest form of hazing. It involves forcing or coercing pledges to consume dangerous amounts of alcohol or unknown substances. Tactics include “lineup” drinking games where pledges are given large quantities of hard liquor, chugging challenges, and games where incorrect answers to questions result in mandatory drinking. We’ve seen tragic outcomes, like the case of Leonel Bermudez at the University of Houston, where students were allegedly forced to binge drink to excess, leading to severe medical complications.

• Physical Hazing: This goes far beyond playful roughhousing. It includes severe physical abuse such as paddling and beatings; extreme calisthenics or “workouts” for hours on end, or until collapse; and severe sleep deprivation, where students are woken at all hours for “mandatory” activities. Exposure to extreme cold or heat, or dangerous environments, also falls into this category. The lawsuit involving Leonel Bermudez explicitly details such abuses, including forced sprints, bear crawls, wheelbarrow races, and lying in vomit-soaked grass, reflecting how physical hazing can rapidly escalate. Another pledge at UH was allegedly hog-tied face-down on a table with an object in his mouth for over an hour.

• Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing: These acts are deeply degrading and can cause lasting psychological harm. They include forced nudity or partial nudity, simulated sexual acts (often with demeaning names like “roasted pig” positions), and other perverse acts. They can also involve racist, homophobic, or sexist overtones, using slurs or forcing pledges into degrading role-play scenarios.

• Psychological Hazing: Often overlooked, this form of hazing uses mental manipulation to exert control. Examples include constant verbal abuse, threats of expulsion from the group, social isolation from friends and family, and forced confessions or interrogation. Public shaming, whether in meetings or online, also falls under this category, eroding a student’s self-worth and autonomy.

• Digital/Online Hazing: With the rise of smartphones and social media, hazing has moved into the digital realm. This includes group chat dares, “challenges” on platforms like Instagram, Snapchat, or TikTok, and public humiliation through viral content. Pledges are often monitored 24/7 through group chats, compelled to respond instantly, and face pressure to create or share compromising images or videos. This constant digital presence creates pervasive control and psychological burden, making it difficult for students to escape the hazing environment.

2.2 Where Hazing Actually Happens: Not Just Fraternities Anymore

While fraternities and sororities (IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, multicultural) are frequently associated with hazing, the problem is far more widespread across campus life. Hazing is found in:

• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / military-style groups: These tradition-heavy environments, such as the storied Texas A&M Corps of Cadets, can sometimes harbor harmful “customs” under the guise of discipline.
• Spirit squads, tradition clubs: Organizations like the Texas Wranglers at UT Austin, or other university-specific spirit and honor societies, have faced disciplinary action for hazing.
• Athletic teams: From football and basketball to baseball, cheerleading, and even debate teams, hazing can occur as a twisted form of team bonding. The Northwestern University football scandal is a stark national example of this, where players alleged widespread sexualized and racist hazing.
• Marching bands and performance groups: Even these seemingly benign organizations can foster harmful “traditions,” as highlighted by the tragic death of Robert Champion in the Florida A&M University Marching Band.
• Service, cultural, and academic organizations: Any group with an initiation process can potentially engage in hazing, proving that the desire for belonging can be exploited across diverse campus sectors.

The core drivers — social status, the allure of tradition, and an intense culture of secrecy — perpetuate these dangerous practices, even when all members “know” that hazing is illegal and explicitly prohibited. For families in Alaska, it is crucial to recognize that the risk of hazing extends to virtually any student organization.

3. Law & Liability Framework (Texas + Federal)

Understanding the legal landscape surrounding hazing in Texas is crucial for families in Alaska seeking justice when these dangerous practices cause harm. While federal regulations play a role, Texas state law provides the primary framework for both criminal and civil accountability.

3.1 Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code)

Texas has clear and robust anti-hazing provisions outlined in the Texas Education Code, Chapter 37, Subchapter F. This legislation defines hazing broadly to cover many acts that endanger student well-being during initiation or affiliation with an organization.

Hazing is defined as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, committed by one person alone or with others, on or off campus, that is directed against a student and that:

• Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student (e.g., forced consumption of alcohol or drugs, physical abuse, extreme exercise, or severe sleep deprivation).
• Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization involved with students.

It’s critical to understand that under Texas law:

• Location doesn’t matter: Hazing can occur on or off campus, and the law still applies.
• Intent isn’t always required: An act can be considered hazing if it’s done “recklessly,” meaning the person knew the risk but disregarded it.
• Consent is not a defense: Even if a student initially “agreed” to participate, Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. The law recognizes that true consent is often impossible in unequal power dynamics.

Criminal Penalties:

• Class B Misdemeanor: Most hazing offenses are classified as a Class B misdemeanor, carrying potential penalties of jail time and fines.
• Increased Penalties: If hazing causes bodily injury or mental distress requiring medical attention, it can escalate to a Class A misdemeanor. Critically, if hazing results in serious bodily injury or death, it becomes a state jail felony, carrying more severe penalties.
• Failing to Report: Individuals who are aware of hazing and fail to report it can also face misdemeanor charges.

Organizational Liability:

Beyond individual accountability, organizations themselves can be penalized. Under Texas law, an organization can face criminal prosecution for hazing if it authorized, condoned, or encouraged the hazing, or if an officer or member acting in an official capacity knew about the hazing and failed to report it. Penalties can include substantial fines and loss of university recognition.

Reporter Protections:

Texas law provides limited immunity for individuals who report hazing in good faith to authorities or university officials. Additionally, “Good Samaritan” laws often protect students who call for help in medical emergencies, even if underage drinking was involved. These provisions aim to encourage reporting and prioritize student safety, but fear of social consequences or retaliation can still make students hesitant.

3.2 Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Two Paths to Justice

It’s important to distinguish between criminal and civil legal actions, as both can arise from hazing incidents:

• Criminal Cases: These are initiated by the state (prosecutor) and aim to punish illegal conduct. In hazing incidents, criminal charges can range from misdemeanor hazing offenses to furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, or, in tragic cases like Bermudez, even negligent homicide or manslaughter if a death results. The focus is on upholding public order and punishing wrongdoers through incarceration, fines, or probation.

• Civil Cases: These are lawsuits brought by victims or their surviving families, like Leonel Bermudez’s $10 million lawsuit, with the goal of securing monetary compensation and accountability for the harm suffered. Civil claims typically revolve around:

  • Negligence and Gross Negligence: That individuals or institutions failed in their duty to protect students.
  • Wrongful Death: When hazing leads to a fatality.
  • Negligent Hiring/Supervision: If a university or national organization failed to properly vet staff or oversee chapter activities.
  • Premises Liability: If hazing occurred on property where the owner failed to maintain safety.
  • Intentional Actions: Assault, battery, or infliction of emotional distress.

Crucially, a criminal conviction is not required to pursue a civil hazing lawsuit. The standards of proof differ, and civil litigation can move forward even if criminal charges are not filed or do not result in a conviction.

3.3 Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond state laws, federal regulations also impose responsibilities on colleges and universities regarding hazing.

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This significant federal legislation mandates that colleges and universities receiving federal funding must:

  • More transparently report hazing incidents to the public.
  • Strengthen hazing education and prevention programs on campus.
  • Maintain and make public hazing data, similar to how crime statistics are reported under the Clery Act. This phased implementation, expected by 2026, will dramatically increase public access to information about hazing on campuses like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor.

• Title IX / Clery Act:

  • Title IX: If hazing involves sexual harassment, sexual assault, gender-based discrimination, or a hostile environment rooted in gender, Title IX obligations are triggered. This requires universities to investigate and respond swiftly to protect students.
  • Clery Act: This federal law requires colleges to disclose campus crime statistics and security policies. Hazing incidents that involve assaults, alcohol or drug-related offenses, or other reportable crimes often fall under Clery reporting requirements, providing another layer of transparency.

3.4 Who Can Be Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit

Determining liability in hazing cases is complex, and often multiple parties bear responsibility. Our firm meticulously investigates to identify every entity that contributed to the harm. Potential defendants can include:

• Individual Students: Those who actively planned, orchestrated, or carried out the hazing, provided alcohol, or participated in the cover-up. This includes chapter officers (like the 13 individual fraternity leaders/members named in the Bermudez lawsuit at UH) and other members involved.
• Local Chapter / Organization: The fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself, which may be a recognized legal entity.
• National Fraternity/Sorority Headquarters: These national bodies, like the Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters named in Bermudez’s lawsuit, set policies, provide training, and oversee local chapters. If they knew or should have known about a pattern of hazing and failed to intervene, they can be held liable.
• University or Governing Board: Universities like the University of Houston and the UH System Board of Regents named in Bermudez’s lawsuit, have a duty to provide a safe environment. Their liability can arise from negligent supervision, failure to enforce policies, ignoring prior warnings, or creating a culture that tacitly enables hazing.
• Third Parties:
  • Housing Corporations: Entities like the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu housing corporation, which owned or managed the property where hazing occurred, can be liable for premises liability.
  • Property Owners: Landlords or owners of off-campus houses or event spaces where hazing occurred.
  • Alcohol Providers: Bars, stores, or individuals who illegally provided alcohol to minors.

Every case is highly fact-specific. Our goal is to identify all responsible parties to ensure comprehensive accountability and maximum recovery for victims. The tragic unfolding of the Leonel Bermudez case at UH illustrates how a coalition of individual members, local and national fraternity entities, and the university itself can face legal action following severe hazing.

4. National Hazing Case Patterns (Anchor Stories)

When a hazing tragedy strikes at a Texas university, like the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor, it’s rarely an isolated incident. These cases often echo patterns seen across the nation, highlighting systemic issues that national fraternities and universities are repeatedly warned about. Understanding these national anchor stories is vital for families in Alaska, as they establish foreseeability and the legal precedent for holding powerful institutions accountable.

Our firm follows these cases closely because they shape the legal landscape, provide invaluable insights into defense strategies, and demonstrate the potential for multi-million-dollar recoveries for victims.

4.1 Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern: A Deadly Repetition

The most common and devastating hazing pattern involves forced alcohol consumption, leading to intoxication, injury, and death.

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State University, Beta Theta Pi (February 2017): 19-year-old Timothy Piazza died after a “bid acceptance” event where he was forced to consume dangerous amounts of alcohol. Security cameras within the Beta Theta Pi house tragically recorded him falling repeatedly, suffering severe head injuries over 12 hours, while fraternity brothers delayed calling for help. This case led to over 1,000 criminal charges against fraternity members and ultimately spurred Pennsylvania to pass the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law. The lengthy civil litigation resulted in confidential settlements. This case showed how a culture of silence, delayed medical care, and extreme intoxication can be legally devastating for organizations and individuals.

• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (November 2017): Another tragic example linked to the same fraternity involved in the UH lawsuit, Andrew Coffey, a freshman at FSU, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event. Pledges were given handles of hard liquor and pressured to consume them. Criminal charges were filed against multiple members, and FSU temporarily suspended all Greek life, overhauling its hazing policies. This case underscored how formulaic “tradition” drinking nights are a repeating script for disaster, making it foreseeable when it happens again, as alleged in the Bermudez case.

• Maxwell “Max” Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (September 2017): During a fraternity “Bible study” drinking game, 18-year-old Max Gruver was forced to drink copious amounts of alcohol as punishment for incorrect answers. He died with a blood alcohol content of 0.495%, nearly six times the legal limit. This tragedy led to the passage of Louisiana’s Max Gruver Act, a felony hazing statute. Civil lawsuits also ensued, with a notable $6.1 million verdict against one of the fraternity members and subsequent settlements. Gruver’s case demonstrates how legislative change often follows public outrage and clear proof of hazing, impacting policies at schools like UH and Texas A&M.

• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (March 2021): Stone Foltz, a 20-year-old pledge, was forced to drink an entire bottle of whiskey during a “Big/Little” night. He died from alcohol poisoning. Multiple fraternity members were convicted of hazing-related charges. His family later reached a $10 million settlement ($7 million from Pi Kappa Alpha national headquarters and approximately $3 million from Bowling Green State University). This case, reported by Click2Houston on UH Pi Kappa Phi hazing case, highlights that universities can face significant financial and reputational consequences alongside fraternities, proving how expensive unchecked hazing can be.

4.2 Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern: Beyond Alcohol

Hazing isn’t always about alcohol. Physical and ritualized abuse can also be deadly.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (December 2013): During a remote “retreat” in Pennsylvania, 19-year-old Michael Deng was blindfolded, forced to wear a heavy backpack, and repeatedly tackled in a “glass ceiling” ritual. He suffered a fatal traumatic brain injury, and his fraternity brothers delayed calling 911 for crucial hours. Multiple members were convicted, and the national fraternity itself was criminally convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, subsequently banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years. This landmark case demonstrates that off-campus “retreats” can be as dangerous, or even more so, than on-campus events, and that national organizations face significant legal exposure.

4.3 Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse: Not Just Greek Life

Hazing is not exclusive to Greek organizations. High-profile athletic programs also have histories of dangerous “traditions.”

• Northwestern University Football (2023–2025): A massive scandal unfolded at Northwestern when former football players alleged widespread sexualized and racist hazing within the program over multiple years. This included forced sexual acts, racial discrimination, and physical abuse. Multiple players filed lawsuits against the university and coaching staff, leading to the termination of head coach Pat Fitzgerald, who subsequently filed a wrongful-termination suit (later settled confidentially by the university). This case illustrates that hazing extends far beyond Greek life, into major athletic programs, and raises serious questions about institutional oversight.

4.4 What These Cases Mean for Alaska Families with Texans Students

These national tragedies, extensively covered by outlets like ABC13 coverage of Leonel Bermudez’s UH hazing lawsuit and Hoodline summary of the $10M UH hazing lawsuit, reveal common, disturbing threads: forced alcohol consumption, extreme physical abuse, psychological torment, humiliating rituals, intentional delays in calling for medical help, and elaborate cover-ups. They show that universities and national organizations often have repeated warnings about dangerous practices but fail to take decisive action until tragedy strikes.

For families in Alaska whose children attend — or plan to attend — Texas universities like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor, these national patterns are not distant problems. They form the basis of foreseeability in civil lawsuits, demonstrating that these institutions and organizations knew, or should have known, the dangers their students faced. The multi-million-dollar settlements and significant verdict in these cases also lay the groundwork for legal and financial accountability in Texas, reinforcing that justice is possible.

5. Texas Focus: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

For families in Alaska considering Texas for their children’s higher education, understanding the landscape of hazing at the state’s major universities is paramount. While our Houston-based firm assists families throughout Texas, it’s important to specifically examine institutions like the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor, where many Alaska families send their students. Each university has its own culture, policies, and history of hazing incidents that parents should be aware of.

5.1 University of Houston (UH): A Local Perspective

As a prominent urban campus in Houston, Texas, the University of Houston draws students from across the state and beyond, including many from Alaska seeking a dynamic city experience. Its active Greek life, diverse student organizations, and large commuter population create a unique environment. Our firm is deeply rooted in Houston, providing us with intimate knowledge of UH policies, disciplinary actions, and the local judicial systems that would handle hazing cases.

5.1.1 Campus & culture snapshot

The University of Houston, a sprawling institution within the state’s largest city, offers a vibrant campus life with a mix of residential and commuter students. Its Greek life is robust, encompassing Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic Council (HPC), Multicultural Greek Council (MGC), and National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) chapters. While the university strives for a supportive community, social organizations and athletic programs can sometimes foster environments where hazing develops.

5.1.2 Hazing policy & reporting

The University of Houston maintains a strict anti-hazing policy, explicitly prohibiting any intentional, knowing, or reckless act that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student for the purpose of initiation or affiliation. This policy applies both on-campus and off-campus. UH’s policy condemns forced consumption of alcohol, food, or drugs, sleep deprivation, physical mistreatment, and mental distress. Students and families can report hazing through the Dean of Students Office, the Office of Student Conduct, or directly to the University of Houston Police Department (UHPD). While UH posts some disciplinary information, transparency levels can vary, requiring diligent inquiry to uncover prior incidents.

5.1.3 The Leonel Bermudez Case: A Flagship Example

The ongoing $10 million hazing and abuse lawsuit filed by Leonel Bermudez against the University of Houston, the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter, its housing corporation, Pi Kappa Phi’s national headquarters, the UH System Board of Regents, and 13 fraternity leaders/members serves as a stark, recent example of hazing at UH. Bermudez’s fall 2025 pledge period allegedly involved a horrific array of abuses:

• “Pledge fanny pack” rule: Pledges were forced to carry degrading contents like condoms, a sex toy, nicotine devices, and other humiliating items, with noncompliance leading to threats of punishment.
• Extreme physical hazing: Bermudez was allegedly subjected to sprints, bear crawls, wheelbarrow races, “save-your-brother” drills, cold-weather exposure in underwear, lying in vomit-soaked grass, and being sprayed in the face with a hose “similar to waterboarding”, with threats of actual waterboarding. He was also forced to consume milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting, followed by repeated sprints. A particularly intense November 3rd workout involved 100+ push-ups, 500 squats, and creed recitation under threat of expulsion, all occurring at locations like the Pi Kappa Phi house, a Culmore Drive residence, and Yellowstone Boulevard Park.
• Medical catastrophe: Bermudez developed rhabdomyolysis (severe skeletal muscle breakdown) and acute kidney failure. He passed brown urine, could not stand without help, and was hospitalized for four days, with lab tests showing critically high creatine kinase (CK) levels. He faces ongoing risk of permanent kidney damage and long-term physical and psychological harm. As Click2Houston reported on the UH Pi Kappa Phi hazing case, his lawyer, Ralph Manginello, stated, “His urine was brown.”
• Institutional response: On November 6, 2025, Pi Kappa Phi HQ suspended the Beta Nu chapter. On November 14, 2025, chapter members voted to surrender their charter, and the chapter was shut down. UH labeled the alleged conduct “deeply disturbing”, promised disciplinary measures up to expulsion and cooperation with law enforcement, and credited Pi Kappa Phi HQ for decisive action.

This tragic case from our own firm’s experience reflects the severe consequences of modern hazing and the complex litigation required to hold all responsible parties accountable.

5.1.4 How a UH hazing case might proceed

Given UH’s location, hazing cases involving UH students may involve investigations by both the University of Houston Police Department (UHPD) and the Houston Police Department (HPD) if the incident occurred within city limits. Civil lawsuits would likely be filed in Harris County civil courts, or potentially federal court if federal claims (e.g., Title IX) are involved. Potential defendants include the individual students involved, the local chapter, the national fraternity/sorority, the university, and potentially property owners like the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu housing corporation. For families in Alaska, working with a Houston-based firm like Attorney911 ensures seamless navigation of the local legal and judicial systems.

5.1.5 What UH students and parents should do

For students at UH or parents in Alaska with children attending UH:

• Report immediately: Use official UH channels (Dean of Students, UHPD) but understand their priorities may differ from yours.
• Document everything: Screenshot all group messages, take photos of injuries, and preserve all relevant communication. Leonel Bermudez’s case emphasizes how crucial detailed evidence is.
• Seek medical care: Prioritize your child’s health by getting immediate medical attention for any injury, ensuring hazing is explicitly mentioned in medical records.
• Do not rely solely on internal university processes: While disciplinary action is important, it rarely provides full compensation or accountability.
• Contact Attorney911: Our firm’s direct involvement in the Bermudez case means we have an in-depth understanding of hazing at UH and precisely how to pursue justice against all liable parties.

5.2 Texas A&M University: Tradition and Discipline

Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas, is renowned for its deep-rooted traditions, fiercely loyal alumni, and the iconic Corps of Cadets. Many Alaska families are drawn to Aggieland’s strong community and academic programs. However, even within this highly structured environment, hazing can occur within Greek life, athletic programs, and, regrettably, the Corps itself.

5.2.1 Campus & culture snapshot

Texas A&M boasts one of the largest student bodies in the nation, centered around strong traditions, spirited events, and a vibrant Greek life. The Corps of Cadets, a large-scale military training program, permeates much of the campus culture, emphasizing discipline and shared experience. While these traditions build camaraderie, they can also create fertile ground for hazing if not properly regulated.

5.2.2 Hazing policy & reporting

Texas A&M has comprehensive policies prohibiting hazing, applying to all student organizations, including Greek life and the Corps of Cadets. The university’s policies also extend to off-campus activities. Reporting channels include the Department of Student Activities, the Corps of Cadets leadership, and the Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD). The university is mandated to investigate all credible hazing complaints and imposes sanctions ranging from warnings to permanent bans.

5.2.3 Selected documented incidents & responses

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (around 2021): Perhaps one of the most disturbing hazing incidents at Texas A&M involved pledges of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) fraternity alleging that they were subjected to a ritual where substances including an industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit were poured on them. This resulted in severe chemical burns requiring emergency skin graft surgeries for some victims. The fraternity was suspended for two years by the university, and the pledges subsequently filed a $1 million lawsuit against the fraternity, highlighting the severe and often grotesque forms of physical abuse hazing can take.
• Corps of Cadets (2023): A federal lawsuit was filed by a former cadet alleging degrading hazing within the Corps. The hazing reportedly included simulated sexual acts and being bound between beds in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. The lawsuit, seeking over $1 million, highlighted the potential for severe physical and psychological trauma within the Corps. Texas A&M responded by stating it handled the matter under its internal rules.
• Aggie Bonfire Collapse (1999): While not traditional hazing, the tragic collapse of the Aggie Bonfire, killing 12 students and injuring 27, underscored the dangers of student-led high-risk activities and institutional oversight failures. Multiple lawsuits against university officials resulted in settlements exceeding $6 million, emphasizing the extensive liability for such events.

5.2.4 How a Texas A&M hazing case might proceed

Hazing cases at Texas A&M can be particularly complex due to the interconnectedness of Greek life, athletics, and the Corps of Cadets. Investigations might involve Texas A&M UPD or Bryan/College Station law enforcement. Civil lawsuits would typically be filed in Brazos County or federal court. The presence of the Corps adds a unique dimension, as military traditions can sometimes be (wrongly) used to justify behavior that constitutes hazing. For Alaska families, understanding how these distinct campus entities operate is essential.

5.2.5 What Texas A&M students and parents should do

• Challenge “tradition” narratives: Many hazing incidents at A&M are disguised as “tradition” or “discipline.” Help your child recognize the line between tradition and abuse.
• Document Corps and Greek activities: Screenshots of anything suspicious, particularly within Corps outfits or Greek pledge activities, are critical.
• Report to multiple channels: If concerns arise, report to the Dean of Students, UPD, and also consider leadership within the Corps if applicable.
• Understand institutional responses: A&M often responds with internal discipline. For true accountability and compensation, legal action through an experienced hazing attorney is necessary.
• Contact Attorney911: Our firm possesses the deep investigative resources to uncover hazing within both Greek organizations and Corps units, translating data into leverage for families from Alaska and across Texas.

5.3 University of Texas at Austin (UT): Policy and Recurrence

The University of Texas at Austin, located in the state capital, is a beacon of academic excellence and a major hub for Greek life in Texas. Many Alaska families choose UT for its strong academic reputation and vibrant campus environment. UT stands out among its peers for its commitment to public transparency regarding hazing violations.

5.3.1 Campus & culture snapshot

UT Austin is a large, diverse campus with a dynamic social scene fueled by extensive Greek life, numerous spirit organizations, and competitive athletic programs. Its campus is famously integrated with the city of Austin, blurring the lines between university and local community spaces.

5.3.2 Hazing policy & reporting

UT Austin’s anti-hazing policy aligns with Texas Education Code and applies broadly to all campus organizations, on or off campus. The university encourages reporting through the Dean of Students, the Office of Student Conduct and Academic Integrity, and the University of Texas Police Department (UTPD). Crucially, UT maintains a publicly accessible “Hazing Violations” page on its website, detailing organizations, dates of incidents, a description of the conduct, and the resulting sanctions. This transparency is a valuable resource for Alaska families.

5.3.3 Selected documented incidents & responses

UT’s public hazing violations page reveals a consistent pattern of incidents across various organizations:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): This fraternity was sanctioned after new members were directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics, deemed hazing. The chapter was placed on probation and required to implement new hazing prevention education.
• Texas Wranglers (Spirit/Service Organization, 2022): This prominent spirit organization was disciplined for multiple hazing violations, including alcohol and drug misconduct, blindfolding, kidnapping, and the performance of degrading acts toward new members.
• Other Greek and spirit organizations: UT’s public log includes numerous entries for groups like Sigma Phi Epsilon, Kappa Sigma, and a variety of other fraternities and sororities, as well as unchartered groups. Violations often include forced alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, forced strenuous activity, and activities that produce “mental or physical discomfort.”

UT’s transparency, while commendable, also highlights the persistent nature of hazing despite clear policies and sanctions.

5.3.4 How a UT Austin hazing case might proceed

Hazing incidents at UT Austin could be investigated by UTPD or the Austin Police Department. Civil lawsuits would likely be filed in Travis County or federal court. The availability of UT’s public hazing log can be a significant asset in civil litigation, demonstrating a history of prior violations and making it harder for the university or national organizations to claim lack of knowledge or foreseeability. For Alaska families, this public record offers an early warning system and valuable evidence if legal action becomes necessary.

5.3.5 What UT Austin students and parents should do

• Consult UT’s Hazing Violations page: This is a crucial first step for any Alaska family to research an organization’s history at UT.
• Document and report: Screenshots, photos, and detailed notes are vital, mirroring the evidence collection in cases like Leonel Bermudez’s. Report to the Dean of Students and UTPD.
• Recognize the patterns: The repetition of forced alcohol and physical hazing at UT, despite past sanctions, should serve as a strong warning.
• Contact Attorney911: Our firm’s expertise in navigating the public record and building cases against Texas universities is invaluable for families facing hazing allegations at UT Austin.

5.4 Southern Methodist University (SMU): Private University, Public Problem

Located in Dallas, Texas, Southern Methodist University is a prestigious private institution known for its strong academic programs and affluent student body. Greek life plays a significant role in SMU’s social scene, attracting many students from Alaska seeking a traditional university experience. While private universities operate differently from public ones, they are not immune to hazing or liability.

5.4.1 Campus & culture snapshot

SMU boasts a beautiful campus and a vibrant social scene, with a highly active fraternity and sorority presence. Greek life often serves as a central hub for social events and networking, making membership highly sought after. This can, however, contribute to intense pressure during the pledging process.

5.4.2 Hazing policy & reporting

SMU strictly prohibits hazing, with its policies clearly communicated through the Office of the Dean of Students and the Department of Student Life. Like other universities, SMU’s policy covers both on-campus and off-campus hazing activities. SMU offers various reporting mechanisms, including confidential forms and anonymous tip lines (e.g., Real Response), designed to encourage students to come forward without fear of reprisal.

5.4.3 Selected documented incidents & responses

• Kappa Alpha Order (2017): This fraternity faced severe sanctions after reports of pledges being subjected to physical abuse (including paddling), forced alcohol consumption, and significant sleep deprivation. The chapter was suspended by the university, with strict limitations on recruiting and social activities for several years. This incident underscored that even at private institutions with strong anti-hazing policies, dangerous practices persist.
• Other Greek organizations: SMU’s disciplinary records, though not as publicly accessible as UT’s, demonstrate ongoing challenges with hazing, forced alcohol consumption, and violations of university policy within its Greek system.

5.4.4 How an SMU hazing case might proceed

As a private university, SMU does not enjoy the same sovereign immunity protections as public institutions like UH or UT. This can sometimes make it easier to pursue direct claims against the university itself, though every case’s facts are unique. Investigations would typically involve SMU Police and/or the Dallas Police Department. Civil lawsuits would be filed in Dallas County courts or federal court. The firm’s experience with the BP Texas City explosion litigation demonstrates our capacity to take on large, well-resourced private institutions and their legal teams.

5.4.5 What SMU students and parents should do

• Explore SMU’s reporting mechanisms: Utilize anonymous tip lines and official channels provided by the university.
• Understand the private institution context: While private, SMU still has a duty of care. For families in Alaska, legal action against a private university requires attorneys experienced in navigating specific discovery processes.
• Document thoroughly: As with any hazing incident, immediate and comprehensive documentation of all communications and injuries is crucial.
• Contact Attorney911: Our firm’s history of managing complex litigation against powerful defendants, combined with Lupe Peña’s insurance insider knowledge, is especially valuable when confronting private institutions and their insurers.

5.5 Baylor University: Tradition and Oversight Challenges

Baylor University, located in Waco, Texas, is the oldest continuously operating university in Texas and the world’s largest Baptist university. It attracts students from across the country, including Alaska, drawn to its faith-based education and vibrant campus life. Baylor has faced intense scrutiny in recent years regarding institutional oversight, particularly concerning sexual assault and athletic programs, providing context for how hazing might be handled.

5.5.1 Campus & culture snapshot

Baylor’s campus culture is deeply intertwined with its Christian mission, emphasizing community, service, and spiritual growth. Greek life is robust, and athletic programs, particularly football, command significant influence. This strong community focus, while generally positive, can sometimes create high-pressure environments where the line between tradition and hazing becomes blurred.

5.5.2 Hazing policy & reporting

Baylor University strictly prohibits hazing, defining it broadly to include any action that places students at risk of physical or emotional harm for the purpose of affiliation. Baylor’s policies apply to all student organizations, both on and off campus, and are enforced by the Office of Student Conduct and campus police. Baylor encourages reporting through its internal reporting systems and provides resources for students affected by hazing.

5.5.3 Selected documented incidents & responses

• Baylor Baseball Hazing (2020): An investigation into hazing allegations within the Baylor baseball program led to the suspension of 14 players. The suspensions were staggered throughout the early season, highlighting that hazing is not confined to Greek organizations and can impact competitive athletic teams. This incident prompted a renewed focus on hazing prevention efforts within Baylor’s athletic department.
• Broader institutional issues: Baylor’s history of scrutiny, particularly regarding sexual assault allegations and institutional responses, informs how hazing cases might be perceived and handled. The university has undergone significant reforms related to student safety and conduct, which could influence future responses to hazing.

5.5.4 How a Baylor hazing case might proceed

Hazing involving Baylor students would typically be investigated by the Baylor Police Department (BUPD) and/or the Waco Police Department. Civil lawsuits would be filed in McLennan County courts or federal court. Baylor’s private university status, like SMU, means it does not have sovereign immunity. However, its history with high-profile lawsuits means it likely has robust legal defenses and insurance strategies in place. For Alaska families, navigating claims against Baylor will require experienced legal counsel familiar with institutional litigation.

5.1.5 What Baylor students and parents should do

• Be aware of Baylor’s history of institutional oversight challenges: This context can influence how hazing complaints are investigated and resolved.
• Utilize Baylor’s reporting systems: Report concerns to the Office of Student Conduct or BUPD.
• Document and preserve evidence diligently: This includes digital communications, photos, medical records, and witness accounts.
• Contact Attorney911: Our firm’s statewide reach and expertise in complex institutional litigation, including multi-million dollar wrongful death claims against powerful entities, positions us uniquely to advocate for Alaska families impacted by hazing at Baylor.

6. Fraternities & Sororities: Campus-Specific + National Histories

When a student from Alaska experiences hazing at a Texas university, it’s rarely just about the local chapter. Most fraternities and sororities at institutions like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor are part of vast national organizations with headquarters, alumni boards, and established policies. These national bodies have accumulated decades of experience, often marked by repeated hazing incidents and tragic deaths across their various chapters. Understanding these national histories is crucial because it demonstrates foreseeability — proving that the national organization knew, or should have known, the dangers their chapters posed.

6.1 Why National Histories Matter: The Blueprint for Disaster

National fraternities and sororities typically have extensive anti-hazing manuals, risk management policies, and training programs. This isn’t altruism; it’s a direct response to a painful history of multi-million dollar lawsuits, criminal convictions, and permanent chapter closures stemming from hazing deaths and injuries nationwide. They know the patterns: the forced drinking nights, the paddling traditions, the humiliating rituals, and the pervasive culture of secrecy.

When a Texas chapter — whether it’s Pi Kappa Phi at UH, Sigma Alpha Epsilon at Texas A&M, or Pi Kappa Alpha at UT Austin — repeats the same tragic script that has already led to injury or death at another chapter in a different state, it provides powerful evidence. It shows that the national organization had prior warning – both actual and constructive – that these dangerous practices were occurring within their system. This foreseeability is a cornerstone of proving negligence or even gross negligence in a civil lawsuit, significantly increasing the potential for substantial damages.

6.2 Organization Mapping: Connecting Local Chapters to National Patterns

While we cannot list every chapter, here is a synthesized view of some major fraternities and sororities common to UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor, focusing on those with documented national hazing histories.

• Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ):

  • Identity: A social fraternity with numerous chapters across the U.S., including the Beta Nu chapter at the University of Houston, currently embroiled in the Leonel Bermudez lawsuit.
  • National Incidents:
    • Andrew Coffey (Florida State University, 2017): Pledge died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event where new members were given handles of hard liquor.
    • Takeaway: The Bermudez lawsuit describes “pledge fanny-packs” with degrading contents, extreme physical hazing including waterboarding simulation, and forced consumption of milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns. This echoes a national pattern of forced consumption and dangerous physical acts within Pi Kappa Phi, demonstrating a disturbing recurrence that strengthens claims of national foreseeability for the current UH case.

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ / SAE):

  • Identity: A large national social fraternity, historically known for a “True Gentleman” creed, but with a troubling national hazing history. Present at Texas A&M and UT Austin.
  • National Incidents:
    • Carson Starkey (Cal Poly, 2008): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning after being coerced into heavy drinking; led to SAE eventually eliminating its traditional pledge process nationwide in 2014 due to a pattern of deaths.
    • University of Alabama (2023): Pledge allegedly suffered a Traumatic Brain Injury during hazing, leading to an ongoing lawsuit.
    • Texas A&M University (2021) & University of Texas at Austin (2024): SAE chapters at these two Texas universities have faced lawsuits involving chemical burns from industrial cleaner and assault allegations against fraternity members, respectively.
    • Takeaway: SAE’s national history is replete with incidents of serious injury and death, often involving forced drinking and unique forms of physical/chemical abuse. This pattern evidence is critical when holding national SAE accountable for incidents at their Texas chapters.

• Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ / Pike):

  • Identity: A large national social fraternity with chapters at UH and UT Austin.
  • National Incidents:
    • Stone Foltz (Bowling Green State University, 2021): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning after being forced to consume an entire bottle of whiskey during a “Big/Little” night; resulted in a $10 million settlement with the family.
    • David Bogenberger (Northern Illinois University, 2012): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning during a fraternity event; resulted in a $14 million settlement.
    • Takeaway: The recurring “Big/Little” alcohol hazing tradition within Pi Kappa Alpha underscores a systemic failure that national headquarters are undeniably aware of. Incidents at Texas chapters, such as the 2023 Pi Kappa Alpha hazing at UT Austin involving forced milk consumption and strenuous calisthenics, show these patterns persist.

• Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ):

  • Identity: A traditional national fraternity with chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, and Baylor.
  • National Incidents:
    • Maxwell “Max” Gruver (Louisiana State University, 2017): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning during a “Bible study” drinking game; led to the Max Gruver Act (felony hazing statute).
    • Takeaway: Phi Delta Theta’s national leadership cannot claim ignorance regarding the dangers of forced drinking games, especially following the high-profile Gruver case. Any similar incidents at their Texas chapters would demonstrate a clear pattern of organizational failure to prevent known dangers.

• Kappa Alpha Order (ΚΑ):

  • Identity: A traditional national fraternity often with a Southern heritage theme, with chapters at Texas A&M and SMU.
  • National Incidents: Hazing suspensions at various campuses, including Southern Methodist University (2017) where new members were reportedly paddled, forced to drink, and deprived of sleep.
  • Takeaway: The suspension at SMU highlights that despite national anti-hazing policies, the organization has faced consistent issues with traditional forms of physical and alcohol-related abuse.

• Beta Theta Pi (ΒΘΠ):

  • Identity: A prominent national fraternity present at UH, Texas A&M, and UT Austin.
  • National Incidents:
    • Timothy Piazza (Penn State University, 2017): Pledge died from traumatic brain injuries after excessive drinking and falls during a “bid acceptance” event. The incident involved significant delays in calling for help and a subsequent cover-up.
    • Takeaway: The Piazza case is a global example of severe hazing, delayed medical intervention, and attempted cover-up. Any hazing involving significant alcohol or physical injury at Beta Theta Pi chapters in Texas would be directly traceable back to this tragic and well-documented national pattern.

• Sigma Chi (ΣΧ):

  • Identity: A large national social fraternity with chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, and Baylor.
  • National Incidents:
    • College of Charleston (2024): A major lawsuit alleged physical beatings, forced drugs/alcohol, and psychological torment, resulting in over $10 million in damages for the victim.
    • University of Texas at Arlington (2020): Pledge hospitalized with alcohol poisoning from hazing.
    • Takeaway: Sigma Chi has a national history of severe hazing incidents leading to significant financial judgments. This provides a strong basis for future foreseeability arguments in any hazing lawsuit against their Texas chapters.

6.3 Tie Back to Legal Strategy: Leveraging National Patterns

These patterns of national hazing incidents, repeatedly resulting in severe injury and death, are crucial to our legal strategy. They allow us to argue that:

• Foreseeability: National organizations and universities cannot credibly claim ignorance when similar incidents occur across their system.
• Negligent Supervision: Despite having anti-hazing policies, their failure to rigorously enforce these policies and prevent known dangerous “traditions” constitutes profound negligence.
• Punitive Damages: When an organization ignores repeated warnings and known dangers, it strengthens arguments for punitive damages, which aim to punish gross misconduct and deter future harm.

By connecting specific incidents at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor to overarching national patterns, Attorney911 builds comprehensive cases designed to hold all liable parties accountable, from the individual students to the deepest pockets of national headquarters and university endowments.

7. Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

For families in Alaska navigating the aftermath of hazing at a Texas university, taking legal action can feel overwhelming. However, building a successful hazing case is a systematic process that relies heavily on meticulous evidence collection, a deep understanding of applicable damages, and a sophisticated legal strategy. At Attorney911, we leverage our experience in complex litigation and our specialized Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine to uncover the truth and maximize accountability.

7.1 Evidence: The Lynchpin of a Hazing Case

Modern hazing cases often live or die based on digital evidence and comprehensive documentation. We act quickly, often sending evidence preservation letters within 24 hours, because we know how fast evidence can disappear. The Leonel Bermudez case at UH, for example, relies heavily on detailed accounts of specific hazing conduct over time, underscoring the importance of meticulous documentation. Watch Attorney911’s video on using your phone to document evidence: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs.

• Digital Communications: In today’s campus environment, hazing is often orchestrated or documented through group messaging apps.

  • GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Slack, Telegram, fraternity/sorority-specific apps: These are treasure troves. We look for messages planning events, giving instructions, making threats, discussing punishments, or coordinating cover-ups. Even seemingly innocuous exchanges can reveal coercive patterns.
  • Snapchat, Instagram DMs, TikTok comments: Messages and disappearing content can be preserved by screenshots or expert recovery.
  • Crucially: Screenshots must be comprehensive, showing sender, timestamp, and full context. Even deleted messages can often be recovered by digital forensics experts with a court order.

• Photos & Videos: These are powerful, undeniable pieces of evidence.

  • Content filmed by members: Often found in group chats, private social media, or even “for fun” recordings.
  • Security camera footage: From houses, university buildings, or nearby businesses.
  • Injuries: Detailed photos of bruises, burns, swelling, or other physical harm, taken from multiple angles and updated over time to show progression.

• Internal Organization Documents: These reveal policies, knowledge, and patterns.

  • Pledge manuals, initiation scripts, “traditions” lists: Whether official or unofficial, these document expected behaviors.
  • Emails/texts from officers: Communications about hazing activities, warnings from nationals, or internal discussions regarding problematic conduct.
  • National policies and training materials: To demonstrate whether anti-hazing rules were well-communicated or just “paper policies.”

• University Records:

  • Prior conduct files, probation/suspensions, letters of warning: Show if the chapter had a history of violations (like those on UT Austin’s public hazing log).
  • Incident reports to campus police or student conduct offices: Document past complaints.
  • Clery reports and similar disclosures: Aggregate crime and safety data.
  • Internal emails among administrators: Can reveal what university officials knew or should have known.

• Medical and Psychological Records: These document the extent of the harm.

  • Emergency room and hospitalization records: Crucial for immediate injuries (e.g., Leonel Bermudez’s four-day hospitalization for rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure).
  • Lab results: Blood alcohol content, toxicology, kidney function tests.
  • Surgery and rehab notes: Document recovery efforts.
  • Psychological evaluations: Diagnoses of PTSD, depression, anxiety, or other mental health impacts, which are often significant in hazing cases.

• Witness Testimony: Eyewitness accounts are invaluable.

  • Other pledges, members, roommates, RAs, coaches, trainers, bystanders: Anyone who saw or heard aspects of the hazing.
  • Former members: Individuals who quit or were expelled often have critical insights.

7.2 Damages: Recovering What Was Lost

Hazing cases result in far-reaching and profound damages, both economic and non-economic. Our firm works with a network of experts, including economists and life care planners, to ensure every aspect of a victim’s loss is accounted for.

• Economic Damages (Quantifiable Financial Losses):

  • Medical Bills & Future Care: Emergency room visits, hospital stays (like Bermudez’s four days), surgeries, long-term physical therapy, psychological counseling, medications, and any specialized care for permanent injuries (e.g., brain damage, chronic kidney issues).
  • Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: Tuition for missed semesters, lost scholarships, delayed entry into the workforce, and diminished future earning capacity if injuries lead to permanent disabilities.
  • Other Direct Costs: For example, the Bermudez case points to potential property damage or costs associated with forced purchases for the fraternity.

• Non-Economic Damages (Subjective, but Legally Compensable):

  • Physical Pain & Suffering: From immediate injuries to chronic pain and loss of physical abilities.
  • Emotional Distress & Psychological Harm: Including diagnosed conditions like PTSD, severe depression, anxiety, humiliation, loss of dignity, and the profound mental trauma of hazing.
  • Loss of Enjoyment of Life: Inability to participate in activities once loved, social withdrawal, and a diminished overall college experience.

• Wrongful Death Damages (For Families): When hazing leads to a fatality, surviving family members can recover for:

  • Funeral and burial costs.
  • Loss of financial support and inheritance.
  • Loss of companionship, love, and society experienced by parents, spouses, and children.
  • Grief and emotional suffering of family members.
  • Medical expenses incurred before death.

• Punitive Damages: These are awarded not to compensate the victim but to punish particularly egregious conduct and deter future similar acts. They are available when defendants’ actions are reckless, willful, malicious, or grossly negligent, such as when an organization ignores repeated warnings about dangerous hazing. In Texas, punitive damages are available but often capped.

These categories of damages, when proven, form the basis of settlements and verdicts, which in national cases have ranged from multi-million-dollar settlements (e.g., Stone Foltz’s $10 million) to significant jury verdicts (e.g., Max Gruver’s $6.1 million on one claim and Chad Meredith’s $12.6 million).

7.3 Role of Different Defendants and Insurance Coverage: Navigating the Complex Web

Hazing litigation often involves multiple defendants, each with their own legal counsel and insurance policies. This is where Attorney911’s deep experience becomes critical.

• Insurance Coverage Fights: National fraternities, universities, and property owners typically carry various insurance policies (general liability, directors and officers, umbrella policies). However, insurers often try to deny coverage by arguing that hazing, as an “intentional act,” falls under policy exclusions.

  • Our Advantage: Lupe Peña, lead associate attorney at Attorney911, brings invaluable insurance insider knowledge from her years as an insurance defense attorney. She understands how these companies think, their tactics for denying claims, and how to strategically challenge exclusions to force them to defend and pay. We know their “playbook” because she used to run it.

• Overcoming Defenses: Institutions and individuals will assert various defenses:

  • “Consent is a Defense”: Texas law explicitly rejects this.
  • “Rogue Chapter / National Didn’t Know”: We counter this with evidence of national policies, prior warnings, and pervasive hazing patterns.
  • “Happened Off-Campus”: We argue that universities and nationals still have a duty of care based on sponsorship, control, and foreseeability, regardless of location.
  • “Unforeseeable Accident”: We prove foreseeability through national hazing histories and known risks.
  • “Sovereign Immunity” (for public universities): While public universities like UH, Texas A&M, and UT Austin have some immunity under Texas law, exceptions for gross negligence, willful misconduct, or Title IX violations can be leveraged, or individual administrators can be sued in their personal capacity. Even with immunity, public universities often settle to avoid negative publicity and protect their reputation, as seen in the BGSU $3 million settlement.
  • Statute of Limitations: We act quickly to ensure claims are filed within Texas’s strict deadlines, which are generally two years from the date of injury or death, though exceptions exist. Learn about Texas statute of limitations in our video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c.

Our firm’s experience in BP Texas City explosion litigation demonstrates our capacity to successfully litigate against massive, well-funded corporations and institutions. We apply the same rigorous investigative techniques and tenacious litigation strategies to hazing cases, ensuring that no responsible party escapes accountability. We understand the complex web of liabilities, from individuals to the deep pockets of national organizations and their insurers.

8. Practical Guides & FAQs

When hazing impacts a family from Alaska, the immediate aftermath can be chaotic and confusing. Knowing what to do – and what not to do – can be critical for protecting your child’s safety, health, and potential legal claims. This section offers practical advice for parents, students, and witnesses, as well as answers to common legal questions.

8.1 For Parents: Recognizing & Responding to Hazing

Parents in Alaska, often geographically distant from Texas campuses, need to be hyper-vigilant.

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Being Hazed:

• Physical signs: Unexplained bruises, cuts, or injuries (especially if they align with common hazing tactics like those alleged in the Bermudez case, such as lying in vomit-soaked grass or forced physical activity). Extreme fatigue or sleep deprivation. Weight loss or gain due to food/water restriction or stress. Signs of alcohol poisoning or drug use, even if your child doesn’t typically abuse substances.
• Behavioral & emotional changes: Sudden secrecy about their organization’s activities (“I can’t talk about it,”). Withdrawal from family or old friends. Anxiety, depression, irritability. A sudden fear of “getting in trouble” or “letting the chapter down.”
• Academic red flags: Grades dropping suddenly, missing classes, falling asleep in class due to mandatory late-night events.
• Financial red flags: Requests for money without clear explanation, unexpected large expenses (for forced purchases or “fines”).
• Digital/social behavior: Obsessive checking of group chats, anxiety when their phone pings, deleting messages, or installing geo-location tracking apps.

How to Talk to Your Child (Non-Confrontationally):

Ask open-ended questions like, “How are things going with [organization]? Are you enjoying it?” “Have they been respectful of your time for classes and sleep?” “Is there anything that makes you uncomfortable or that you wish you didn’t have to do?” If they open up, listen without judgment. If they shut down, don’t force it, but monitor closely and be ready to intervene.

What to Do If You Suspect Hazing:

1. Immediate safety: If your child is in danger, call 911 immediately. Prioritize their physical well-being.
2. Document everything: Write down dates, times, and what your child tells you. Screenshot group chats, texts, or photos on their phone. Take photos of any visible injuries, and save any physical items (damaged clothing, etc.).
3. Reporting: You can report to the university’s Dean of Students, Office of Student Conduct, or campus police. If crimes were committed, contact city/county police. The National Anti-Hazing Hotline (1-888-NOT-HAZE) offers anonymous reporting.
4. Legal Consultation: Contacting an experienced hazing lawyer early, even if you’re unsure about a lawsuit, is crucial. An attorney can help preserve evidence, advise on reporting, protect your child from retaliation, and explain legal options.

8.2 For Students / Pledges: Self-Assessment & Safety Planning

If you’re a student at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor and you’re reading this, you might be wondering if what you’re experiencing is hazing.

Is This Hazing? Decision Guide:

Ask yourself: Are you being forced or pressured to do something you don’t want to do? Would you do this if there were no social consequences? Is the activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal? Would your university or parents approve if they knew? Are older members making new members do things they don’t have to do themselves? Are you being told to keep secrets or lie? If you answered YES to any of these, it’s likely hazing.

Why “Consent” Isn’t the End of the Story:

You might feel like you “agreed” to be there, or that you have to undergo these rituals to belong. However, Texas law explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. The law recognizes that true consent is impossible when there’s an unequal power dynamic, fear of social exclusion, and immense peer pressure. Your desire to fit in is being exploited.

Exiting and Reporting Safely:

• You have the legal right to leave any pledging or initiation process at any time.
• If you’re in immediate danger, call 911 or campus police. You are protected for seeking medical help in an emergency.
• Tell someone outside the organization first (a trusted parent, RA, professor, or friend).
• If you fear retaliation, report those fears to the Dean of Students and campus police.

Good-Faith Reporting and Amnesty:

Many schools and Texas law offer protections (amnesty) for students who report hazing or call for help in an emergency, even if underage drinking was involved. Your safety and well-being are more important than potential minor infractions.

8.3 For Former Members / Witnesses: A Path to Accountability

If you were involved in hazing, or know about it, and are struggling with guilt or fear of consequences, your actions can prevent future harm and save lives.

• Your testimony matters: Your evidence and testimony can be critical in holding individuals and institutions accountable.
• Legal counsel: You may want to seek your own legal advice, as cooperating can affect your legal position. An attorney can help you navigate your role as a witness, and explain any potential protections or exposures you may have.
• Preventing future tragedies: By coming forward, you contribute to a culture of safety and accountability, preventing another student from suffering as Leonel Bermudez did.

8.4 Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

For families from Alaska, making these common errors can severely jeopardize a hazing lawsuit. Watch our video on client mistakes that can ruin your injury case: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY.

1. Letting your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence: This looks like a cover-up and can severely harm your case. Preserve everything immediately, even embarrassing content. Our video on documentation (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) emphasizes this.
2. Confronting the fraternity/sorority directly: They will immediately lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses, and prepare defenses. Document everything first, then call a lawyer.
3. Signing university “release” or “resolution” forms: Universities may pressure you to sign waivers or internal agreements. You could waive your right to sue or settle for far less than your claim is worth. Do NOT sign anything without an attorney.
4. Posting details on social media before talking to a lawyer: Defense attorneys will screenshot everything. Inconsistencies or oversharing can hurt credibility and waive legal protections.
5. Letting your child go back to “one last meeting”: This is a tactic for pressure or intimidation. Once you suspect hazing, all communication with the organization should go through your lawyer.
6. Waiting “to see how the university handles it”: Evidence disappears quickly, witnesses graduate, and the statute of limitations can run out. Universities control their own narrative; they don’t necessarily prioritize your legal recovery.
7. Talking to insurance adjusters without a lawyer: Recorded statements will be used against you, and early settlement offers are almost always lowball. Politely decline and refer them to your attorney.

8.5 Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?” Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have some sovereign immunity, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individuals. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. Specific facts matter; contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.
• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?” It can be. While a Class B misdemeanor by default, it becomes a state jail felony if it causes serious bodily injury or death. Individual officers can also face charges for failing to report hazing.
• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?” Yes. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. The law understands that “consent” under coercion and peer pressure is not true voluntary consent.
• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit?” Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas. However, the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. In cases involving cover-ups, the statute may be tolled (paused). Time is critical—evidence disappears, and organizations destroy records. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately. Our video explains Texas statutes of limitations: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c.
• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?” Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, knowledge, and foreseeability. Many major hazing cases (e.g., Pi Delta Psi retreat, the Bermudez case at a Culmore Drive residence) occurred off-campus and still resulted in multi-million-dollar judgments.
• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?” Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. While public cases like Bermudez’s $10 million lawsuit are necessary to drive accountability, you can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability.

9. About The Manginello Law Firm + Call to Action

When your family in Alaska faces a hazing case in Texas, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need a firm that understands how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. At The Manginello Law Firm, operating as Attorney911, the Legal Emergency Lawyers™, we are that firm. Headquartered in Houston, with offices in Austin and Beaumont, we serve families throughout Texas, including those from Alaska whose children attend our state’s universities.

We come to hazing litigation with unique advantages engineered to take on the most complex and challenging cases:

• Our Insurance Insider Advantage: Lupe Peña, lead associate attorney at Attorney911, worked for years as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm. She knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies value (and undervalue) hazing claims, their delay tactics, coverage exclusion arguments, and settlement strategies. We know their playbook because she used to run it. Learn more about Lupe Peña’s background at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/.
• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions: Ralph Manginello, our managing partner, was one of the few Texas attorneys involved in the BP Texas City explosion litigation, proving his capacity to take on billion-dollar corporations. Both Ralph and Lupe have extensive federal court experience (U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas). We are not intimidated by national fraternities, multi-million-dollar universities, or their well-resourced defense teams. If we can take on BP and insurance giants, we know how to fight powerful defendants in the context of hazing and campus abuse. Learn more about Ralph Manginello’s background at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/.
• Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death and Catastrophic Injury Experience: We have a proven track record of securing multi-million dollar results in complex wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases, working with economists and life care planners to ensure every aspect of a victim’s loss is accounted for. This expertise is critical in cases involving permanent injuries like those suffered by Leonel Bermudez. Learn more about our wrongful death practice at https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/.
• Criminal + Civil Hazing Expertise: Ralph’s membership in the prestigious Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) gives our firm a unique understanding of how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation. This dual capability allows us to advise on the full spectrum of legal implications, including for witnesses or former members in dual-track cases. Our criminal defense experience is detailed at https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/.
• Investigative Depth: We maintain one of the most comprehensive private directories of fraternities, sororities, and Greek organizations in Texas, pulling from IRS B83 filings, university records, and metro-level data. When a hazing tragedy happens, we don’t guess who might be responsible—we already know which organizations exist in your area, how they are structured, and where their insurance and assets may be. We leverage this data to obtain hidden evidence like deleted group chats, subpoena national fraternity records, uncover university files, and work with digital forensics experts, medical experts, and psychologists. We investigate like your child’s life depends on it—because it does.
• 25+ Years of Complex Litigation: With over two decades of experience, we bring seasoned judgment and trial-tested strategies to every case.

We understand that hazing cases are not just about legal strategy; they are deeply personal and emotionally devastating. We provide empathetic, aggressive, and professional representation, ensuring that our clients are kept informed every step of the way. Our commitment to client communication is paramount. Our video “Will You Keep Me Updated on My Case?” found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JrQowOLv1k, illustrates how we prioritize keeping you informed during your legal journey. We are not afraid to take on powerful institutions because our mission is rooted in accountability and preventing future harm.

Call to Action: Your Next Step for Justice

If you or your child experienced hazing at any Texas campus—whether it was the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or any other institution—we want to hear from you. Families in Alaska, and throughout Texas, have the right to answers, accountability, and justice.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We will listen to what happened, explain your legal options, and help you decide on the best path forward without pressure.

What to expect in your free consultation:

• We will listen to your story without judgment.
• We’ll review any evidence you have (photos, texts, medical records).
• We’ll explain your legal options: criminal report, civil lawsuit, both, or neither.
• We’ll discuss realistic timelines and what to expect.
• We’ll answer your questions about costs – we work on a contingency fee basis, meaning we don’t get paid unless we win your case. Our video explaining how contingency fees work is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc.
• Everything you tell us is confidential.

Provide clear contact information:

• Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Website: https://attorney911.com
• Email: ralph@atty911.com

Spanish-language services:

• Hablamos Español – Contact Lupe Peña at lupe@atty911.com for consultation in Spanish. Servicios legales en español disponibles.

Whether you’re in Alaska or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. Call us today.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com

Plain Text Links to Key Resources

https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2025/11/21/only-on-2-lawsuit-alleges-severe-hazing-at-university-of-houstons-pi-kappa-phi-chapter-fraternity/
https://abc13.com/post/waterboarding-forced-eating-physical-punishment-lawsuit-alleges-abuse-faced-injured-pledge-uhs-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity/18186418/
https://hoodline.com/2025/11/university-of-houston-and-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity-face-10m-lawsuit-over-alleged-hazing-and-abuse/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc
https://attorney911.com
https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/
https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/
https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/
https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/