The Complete Guide to Hazing in Texas: What Abilene Families Need to Know

If Your Child Was Hazed at a Texas University, You Have Rights

The phone rings at 2 a.m. in your Abilene home. Your son, a freshman at a Texas university, is on the other end. His voice is slurred, confused. He says he’s at a fraternity house but doesn’t remember how he got there. He’s been vomiting, and his muscles ache so badly he can’t stand. The older members told him not to call anyone—that “real brothers handle things internally.” But you hear someone in the background laughing, “He can’t even handle his big’s bottle.”

This scenario is not a hypothetical. For families in Abilene, Taylor County, and across West Texas, sending a child to college means navigating the hidden dangers of campus organizations. At this moment, our firm is fighting one of the most serious hazing cases in Texas history—representing Leonel Bermudez in his $10 million lawsuit against the University of Houston and the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter for hazing that caused rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure. The details are harrowing: forced consumption until vomiting, simulated waterboarding with a hose, and a “pledge fanny pack” filled with humiliating items. This case is happening right now in Texas, and it proves that the most dangerous hazing is not a relic of the past—it’s evolving, becoming more secretive, and causing catastrophic injuries.

If you are a parent in Abilene, Buffalo Gap, Tuscola, or anywhere in Taylor County, this comprehensive guide explains what hazing really looks like in 2025, how Texas law protects victims, and what legal options your family has when a fraternity, sorority, Corps program, athletic team, or campus organization crosses the line from tradition to abuse.

Immediate Help for Hazing Emergencies

If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

Call 911 for medical emergencies
Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
We provide immediate help—that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

In the first 48 hours:

Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
- Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
- Photograph injuries from multiple angles
- Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
Do NOT:
- Confront the fraternity/sorority
- Sign anything from the university or insurance company
- Post details on public social media
- Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
Universities move quickly to control the narrative
We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like in Texas

Beyond the Stereotypes: Modern Hazing Tactics

Hazing is no longer just about paddling and alcohol. Today’s hazing incorporates digital control, psychological manipulation, and sophisticated cover-ups. For Abilene families sending children to Texas universities, understanding these modern tactics is critical for recognizing danger.

Three Tiers of Modern Hazing

Tier 1: Subtle Hazing (Often Dismissed as “Tradition”)

24/7 Digital Control: Pledges required to respond instantly to GroupMe messages at all hours; failure results in punishment
Servitude Requirements: Acting as personal drivers, cleaners, or errand-runners for older members
Social Isolation: Cutting off contact with non-members, requiring permission to socialize outside the group
Geographic Tracking: Forced use of location-sharing apps like Find My Friends or Snapchat Maps
“Voluntary” Mandatory Events: Late-night meetings during exam weeks, weekend “retreats” that interfere with academics

Tier 2: Harassment Hazing (Creating Hostile Environments)

Sleep Deprivation: Wake-up calls at 3 a.m. for meaningless tasks, multi-day events with minimal rest
Food/Water Manipulation: Forced consumption of spoiled food, excessive amounts of bland substances, or deprivation
Public Humiliation: Forced embarrassing performances in public spaces, “roasting” sessions
Extreme Physical “Conditioning”: “Smokings” with hundreds of push-ups, wall-sits until collapse, sprints after vomiting
Digital Shaming: Forced embarrassing social media posts, TikTok challenges, meme creation mocking pledges

Tier 3: Violent Hazing (High Risk of Injury or Death)

Forced Alcohol Consumption: Lineup drinking games, Big/Little nights with handles of liquor, “Bible study” drinking quizzes
Physical Beatings: Paddling, punching, kicking, “branding” with burns or cuts
Dangerous Rituals: Blindfolded tackle games (“glass ceiling”), forced fights, swimming while intoxicated
Sexualized Abuse: Forced nudity, simulated sexual acts, sexual assault or coercion
Chemical Hazing: Industrial cleaners poured on skin causing chemical burns (as seen in Texas A&M SAE case)
Extreme Environment Exposure: Locked in freezing rooms, left outside in extreme weather without protection

Where Hazing Happens in Texas

Hazing extends beyond fraternity houses. For Abilene students attending Texas universities, risk exists in:

Interfraternity Council (IFC) Fraternities: Pi Kappa Alpha, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Phi Delta Theta, etc.
Panhellenic Sororities: While less publicized, sororities have documented hazing cases
National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC): Historically Black fraternities and sororities
Corps of Cadets/Military Programs: Texas A&M Corps traditions with documented abuse cases
Athletic Teams: Football, basketball, baseball, cheerleading programs
Spirit Organizations: Texas Cowboys, cheer groups, drumlines
Academic/Honor Societies: Some pre-professional groups with initiation rituals
Cultural/Identity-Based Organizations: Various multicultural Greek and student groups

Texas Hazing Law: What Abilene Families Need to Know

Texas Education Code Chapter 37: The Foundation

Texas has specific anti-hazing laws in the Education Code that apply to every student at a Texas college or university. For families in Abilene, understanding these statutes is the first step toward accountability.

§ 37.151 Definition: What Constitutes Hazing
Hazing means any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by one person alone or with others, directed against a student that:

Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, AND
Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

Key Points for Abilene Families:

Location Doesn’t Matter: Hazing at an off-campus Airbnb, retreat, or private home is still illegal
Mental Harm Counts: Psychological abuse, humiliation, and trauma qualify as hazing
“Reckless” is Enough: They don’t need to intend harm—just be reckless about the risk
This is the legal standard that applies to your child’s case at any Texas university

§ 37.155 Critical Protection: Consent is NOT a Defense
This is perhaps the most important provision for families to understand: It is not a defense to prosecution that the person being hazed consented to the hazing activity.

What this means for Abilene parents: When your child says, “But I agreed to it,” or the fraternity claims, “He wanted to do it,” the law explicitly rejects this argument. Texas recognizes that “consent” under peer pressure, power imbalance, and fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent.

Criminal Penalties Under Texas Law

§ 37.152 outlines escalating penalties:

Class B Misdemeanor: Basic hazing not causing serious injury (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine)
Class A Misdemeanor: Hazing causing injury requiring medical treatment
State Jail Felony: Hazing causing serious bodily injury or death

Additional Criminal Exposure:

Failure to Report: Members/officers who know about hazing and don’t report it face misdemeanor charges
Retaliation Against Reporters: Intimidating or harming someone who reports hazing is a crime
Organizational Liability: Fraternities/sororities themselves can be fined up to $10,000 per violation

Civil Liability: The Path to Accountability and Compensation

Criminal charges are just one piece. Civil lawsuits allow victims and families to seek compensation and force institutional change. In a civil hazing case, Abilene families may pursue claims against:

1. Individual Students

Those who planned, executed, or covered up the hazing
Often includes: pledge educators, chapter presidents, risk managers, active members

2. Local Chapter/Organization

The fraternity/sorority chapter as an entity
Chapter housing corporations (which often hold insurance)

3. National Fraternity/Sorority Headquarters

For negligent supervision, failure to enforce policies, pattern of prior incidents
National organizations often have deeper insurance coverage

4. University/Board of Regents

For negligent supervision, deliberate indifference, Title IX violations
Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have some sovereign immunity limitations
Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections

5. Third Parties

Property owners of off-campus houses
Alcohol providers under dram shop laws
Security companies or event organizers

Federal Law Overlay: Title IX, Clery, and the Stop Campus Hazing Act

Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024)
This federal law, phased in through 2026, requires colleges receiving federal aid to:

Report hazing incidents more transparently
Maintain public hazing data
Strengthen prevention education
For Abilene families: This means more public information about which organizations have violations

Title IX Protections
When hazing involves sexual harassment, assault, or gender-based hostility, Title IX requires universities to:

Conduct prompt, thorough investigations
Protect complainants from retaliation
Provide accommodations (housing changes, no-contact orders)
Our firm has federal court experience navigating Title IX claims alongside hazing litigation

Clery Act Reporting
Universities must report certain crimes, including assaults and alcohol violations that often accompany hazing. These publicly available reports can show patterns of organizational misconduct.

National Hazing Case Patterns: What Texas Can Learn

Alcohol Poisoning Deaths: The Most Common Fatal Pattern

Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

What happened: 20-year-old pledge forced to drink entire bottle of alcohol during “Big/Little” night
Medical cause: Fatal alcohol poisoning
Legal outcome: Multiple criminal convictions; $10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU)
Texas relevance: Pi Kappa Alpha has chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor. The same “Big/Little” drinking tradition exists in Texas chapters.

Max Gruver – LSU, Phi Delta Theta (2017)

What happened: Pledge forced to participate in “Bible study” drinking game; incorrect answers = forced drinking
Medical cause: Alcohol toxicity (BAC 0.495%)
Legal outcome: Louisiana Max Gruver Act (felony hazing statute); individual convictions
Texas relevance: Phi Delta Theta operates at multiple Texas universities. Drinking games with academic or trivia components are common in Texas.

Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017)

What happened: Pledge given handle of liquor during “Big Brother Night”
Medical cause: Acute alcohol poisoning
Legal outcome: Chapter closure, criminal hazing charges
Texas relevance: The same Pi Kappa Phi national organization involved in our current University of Houston case. “Big Brother” events are standard in Texas Greek life.

Physical and Ritualized Hazing: Severe Injury Patterns

Danny Santulli – University of Missouri, Phi Gamma Delta (2021)

What happened: 18-year-old pledge forced to drink dangerous amounts during “pledge dad reveal”
Medical consequence: Severe, permanent brain damage (cannot walk, talk, or see; requires 24/7 care)
Legal outcome: Settlements with 22 defendants; criminal charges against members
Texas relevance: Phi Gamma Delta (FIJI) has Texas chapters. The catastrophic injury—not death—shows hazing’s lifelong consequences.

Texas A&M Sigma Alpha Epsilon Chemical Burns Case (2021)

What happened: Pledges allegedly covered in substances including industrial-strength cleaner, causing severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries
Legal outcome: Pledges sued for $1 million; chapter suspended
Texas relevance: This happened at Texas A&M, showing extreme hazing occurs in our state

Athletic Program Hazing: Beyond Greek Life

Northwestern University Football Program (2023-2025)

What happened: Former players alleged sexualized, racist hazing within the football program
Legal outcome: Multiple lawsuits, head coach fired, confidential settlements
Texas relevance: Major athletic programs at Texas universities have similar power dynamics and secrecy

What These Cases Mean for Abilene Families

Common Threads in Successful Cases:

Forced consumption of alcohol or substances
Delay in seeking medical help due to fear of consequences
Systemic cover-up and destruction of evidence
Prior warnings or incidents ignored by organizations
Multi-defendant approach targeting all responsible parties

Critical Precedents for Texas Cases:

Consent is not a defense (established in multiple jurisdictions)
National organizations can be liable for chapter conduct
Universities can be sued for negligent supervision
Juries award significant damages for catastrophic injuries and deaths

Texas University Focus: Where Abilene Students Attend

Abilene families send students to universities across Texas. Understanding the specific hazing landscape at each campus is essential for prevention and response.

Abilene’s Local Campuses: Taylor County Institutions

Abilene Christian University

Location: Abilene, TX (Taylor County)
Greek Life: Active fraternity and sorority system
Notable Organizations: Multiple IFC, Panhellenic, and NPHC chapters
Local Connection: For Abilene families, ACU represents both a local option and a campus where hazing risks exist close to home

Hardin-Simmons University

Location: Abilene, TX (Taylor County)
Greek Life: Smaller Greek system but still present
Local Connection: Another Taylor County institution where Abilene students may join campus organizations

McMurry University

Location: Abilene, TX (Taylor County)
Greek Life: Several fraternities and sororities
Local Connection: Complete the triad of Abilene universities where Taylor County families have direct access

Note: While specific hazing incidents at these Abilene institutions may not be nationally publicized, the patterns seen at larger universities occur at campuses of all sizes. The same Texas laws apply, and our firm serves families at all Texas institutions.

Major Texas Universities: Where Abilene Students Often Attend

University of Houston: Current Ground Zero for Texas Hazing Litigation

For Abilene Families: While UH is 350 miles from Abilene, Taylor County students attend this major urban university. Our current flagship case there demonstrates what can happen when hazing escalates.

Active Case: Leonel Bermudez v. University of Houston & Pi Kappa Phi

What happened Fall 2025: Bermudez, a transfer student pledging Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter, endured:
- “Pledge fanny pack” requirement carrying condoms, sex toys, nicotine devices
- Forced consumption of milk, hot dogs, peppercorns until vomiting, followed by immediate sprints
- Simulated waterboarding with hose spraying in face
- Extreme workouts: 100+ push-ups, 500 squats under threat of expulsion
- Cold exposure in underwear, lying in vomit-soaked grass
Medical catastrophe: Developed rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown) and acute kidney failure, passed brown urine, hospitalized 4 days
Legal response: $10 million lawsuit filed; chapter suspended then closed; UH called conduct “deeply disturbing”
Media coverage: Click2Houston, ABC13, Hoodline

UH’s Greek Ecosystem:

125+ Texas-registered Greek organizations in IRS B83 filings
188 Greek-related organizations in Houston metro per Cause IQ data
UH-specific chapters of nationals with hazing histories: Pi Kappa Alpha, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Phi Delta Theta, etc.

What Abilene Families Should Know About UH:

Major urban campus with significant Greek life
Current active hazing litigation demonstrates institutional awareness
Distance from Abilene doesn’t prevent our firm from representing Taylor County families
Evidence preservation is critical—Houston police and UHPD may have jurisdiction

Texas A&M University: Corps Culture and Greek Life

For Abilene Families: Texas A&M is a common destination for Taylor County students. The unique Corps of Cadets culture presents specific hazing risks alongside traditional Greek life.

Documented Cases at Texas A&M:

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Chemical Burns (2021)

What happened: Pledges allegedly subjected to substances including industrial-strength cleaner, causing chemical burns requiring skin grafts
Legal outcome: $1 million lawsuit filed; chapter suspended
Pattern: Similar to national SAE incidents at other universities

Corps of Cadets “Roasted Pig” Case (2023)

What happened: Cadet alleged degrading hazing including being bound between beds in “roasted pig” pose with apple in mouth
Legal sought: Over $1 million in damages
Significance: Demonstrates hazing beyond Greek life

Texas A&M’s Greek Ecosystem:

42 Greek organizations in College Station-Bryan metro per Cause IQ
Multiple chapters of nationals with hazing histories
Corps of Cadets as separate but related risk environment

Unique A&M Factors for Abilene Families:

Corps traditions can blur line between discipline and hazing
Strong alumni networks may pressure against reporting
University-size can make oversight challenging
Geographic proximity to Abilene (under 300 miles) for easier consultation

University of Texas at Austin: Transparency and Patterns

For Abilene Families: UT Austin’s public hazing violations database provides unique transparency but also shows persistent problems.

UT’s Public Hazing Violations Database:

Publicly lists organizations, dates, conduct, sanctions
Example entry: Pi Kappa Alpha (2023) – new members directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics; chapter probation
Multiple organizations sanctioned: Texas Wranglers, spirit groups, fraternities

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Assault Case (2024)

What happened: Australian exchange student alleged assault at SAE party resulting in dislocated leg, broken ligaments, fractured tibia, broken nose
Legal sought: Over $1 million
Pattern: SAE already under suspension for prior violations

UT’s Greek Ecosystem:

154 Greek organizations in Austin-Round Rock metro per Cause IQ
Transparent violation history via UT website
Multiple repeat offenders in public database

What Abilene Families Should Know About UT:

Public database helps identify organizations with prior violations
Distance from Abilene (about 200 miles) allows for reasonable travel for legal consultation
Austin police and UTPD jurisdictional issues
Strong plaintiff-friendly venue in Travis County courts

Southern Methodist University: Private University Dynamics

For Abilene Families: SMU’s private status and affluent reputation create unique dynamics for hazing cases.

Kappa Alpha Order Incident (2017)

What happened: New members reportedly paddled, forced to drink, deprived of sleep
Outcome: Chapter suspended until approximately 2021
Pattern: Part of KA’s national hazing history

SMU’s Greek Ecosystem:

Private university with different reporting requirements
Strong Greek presence despite smaller enrollment
Wealthier student body can mean deeper-pocketed defendants

Private University Considerations:

Less public transparency than state schools
Different insurance structures and defense strategies
Potentially quicker settlements to avoid publicity
Still subject to Texas hazing laws and federal requirements

Baylor University: Religious Identity and Scrutiny

For Abilene Families: Baylor’s religious identity and prior scandals create complex dynamics for hazing cases.

Baylor Baseball Hazing (2020)

What happened: 14 players suspended following hazing investigation
Outcome: Staggered suspensions throughout season
Context: Part of broader cultural challenges at Baylor

Baylor’s Greek Ecosystem:

Active Greek life alongside religious identity
Historical scrutiny from football sexual assault scandal
Potential for “zero tolerance” rhetoric vs. actual enforcement

Considerations for Baylor Cases:

Religious branding may affect jury pools in Waco
Prior institutional crises may make university more settlement-prone
McLennan County venue considerations
Distance from Abilene (under 200 miles) manageable for representation

Public Records: Fraternities, Sororities & Greek Organizations Serving Abilene Families

As part of our Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine, we maintain detailed data on Greek organizations operating in Texas. For Abilene families, understanding this landscape is crucial. Below are examples of Texas-registered Greek organizations from public IRS filings and metro databases:

Taylor County and West Texas Area Organizations:

Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi – TTU Health Sci. Chapter (Clyde, TX 79510) – EIN: 820644459 – IRS B83 filing
Delta Kappa Gamma Society – Zeta Phi Chapter (Clyde, TX 79510) – Educators’ society
Delta Kappa Gamma Society – Lambda Xi Chapter (Abilene, TX 79601)
Psi Chi – McMurry University Chapter (Abilene, TX 79601) – Psychology honor society
Delta Kappa Gamma Society – Abilene Area Combined Chapters (Abilene, TX 79601)
Kappa Psi Pharmaceutical Fraternity – Epsilon Tau Chapter (Abilene, TX 79601)
Psi Chi – Hardin-Simmons University Chapter (Abilene, TX 79601)
Alpha Phi Omega – Omicron Delta Chapter (Abilene, TX 79601) – Abilene Christian University service fraternity
Alpha Phi Omega – Eta Chi Chapter (Abilene, TX 79601) – Hardin-Simmons University service fraternity

Major University Hubs Where Abilene Students Attend:

University of Houston Area:

Beta Nu Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity Housing Corporation Inc (Frisco, TX 75035) – EIN: 462267515 – IRS B83 filing
Sigma Chi Fraternity Epsilon Xi Chapter (Houston, TX 77204) – EIN: 746084905 – IRS B83 filing
Texas District of Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity (Houston, TX) – Cause IQ metro listing
Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority – Beta Sigma Chapter (Houston, TX) – Cause IQ metro listing

Texas A&M University Area:

Kappa Sigma – Mu Camma Chapter Inc (College Station, TX 77845) – EIN: 133048786 – IRS B83 filing
Eta Alpha House Corporation of Kappa Delta Sorority (College Station, TX 77840) – EIN: 742930349 – IRS B83 filing
Sigma Chi Fraternity – Eta Upsilon Chapter (College Station, TX) – Cause IQ metro listing
Beta Theta Pi – Eta Chapter House Corp. (College Station, TX) – Cause IQ metro listing

University of Texas at Austin Area:

Chi Omega Fraternity (Austin, TX 78705) – EIN: 740555581 – IRS B83 filing – Chi Omega House Corporation
Building Corporation of Delta Chapter of Alpha Delta Pi (Austin, TX 78705) – EIN: 746047117 – IRS B83 filing
Sigma Alpha Epsilon – Texas Rho Corp. (Austin, TX) – Cause IQ metro listing
Delta Tau Delta – Gamma Iota Chapter (Austin, TX) – Cause IQ metro listing

Cross-Validated National Brands (Appearing in Both IRS and Cause IQ Data):

Beta Upsilon Chi: IRS EIN 742911848 (Fort Worth, TX) + Cause IQ listing (Fort Worth metro)
Texas Kappa Sigma Educational Foundation: IRS EIN 741380362 (Fort Worth, TX) + Cause IQ listing (Fort Worth metro)
Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority: Multiple IRS EINs + Multiple Cause IQ metro listings across Texas
Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity: IRS EIN 746064445 (Nederland, TX) + Cause IQ listing (Houston metro)

This data represents just a fraction of the 1,423 Greek organizations we track across 25 Texas metros. For Abilene families, this means: when your child is hazed, we already know how to identify every potentially liable entity—from the local chapter to the national headquarters to the housing corporation that holds insurance.

Fraternities & Sororities: National Histories Matter in Texas Cases

Why National Patterns Create Liability

When a Texas chapter repeats hazing methods that caused deaths or injuries at other universities, that pattern creates legal liability for the national organization. For Abilene families, understanding these national histories is crucial to building strong cases.

High-Risk Organizations with Documented Patterns

Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) – National Hazing History

Stone Foltz: Bowling Green State University (2021) – alcohol poisoning death
David Bogenberger: Northern Illinois University (2012) – alcohol poisoning death
$14 million settlement in Bogenberger case
Texas Presence: Chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor
Legal Significance: National Pike had prior warnings about “Big/Little” drinking traditions

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) – Multiple Tragedy Pattern

Traumatic Brain Injury Case: University of Alabama (2023) – lawsuit filed
Chemical Burns Case: Texas A&M University (2021) – $1 million lawsuit
Assault Case: University of Texas at Austin (2024) – over $1 million sought
Carson Starkey: Cal Poly (2008) – alcohol poisoning death
Texas Presence: Chapters at all major Texas universities
Legal Significance: SAE eliminated pledge program nationally in 2014 due to pattern of deaths

Phi Delta Theta – Drinking Game Death

Max Gruver: LSU (2017) – “Bible study” drinking game death
Louisiana Max Gruver Act resulted
Texas Presence: Multiple Texas chapters
Legal Significance: National had prior knowledge of drinking game traditions

Pi Kappa Phi – Current Texas Litigation Focus

Andrew Coffey: Florida State University (2017) – Big Brother night death
Leonel Bermudez: University of Houston (2025) – our current case, rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure
Texas Presence: Chapters at UH, Texas A&M, others
Legal Significance: Same national organization now facing Texas lawsuit

Kappa Sigma – Significant Verdict History

Chad Meredith: University of Miami (2001) – drowning death after drinking
$12.6 million jury verdict – one of largest hazing verdicts
Florida Chad Meredith Law resulted
Texas Presence: Multiple Texas chapters
Legal Significance: Demonstrates jury willingness to award substantial damages

How National Histories Strengthen Texas Cases

1. Foreseeability Arguments

National organizations knew or should have known certain rituals were dangerous
Prior incidents at other chapters created duty to supervise more closely
Failure to implement effective prevention = negligence

2. Punitive Damage Potential

Repeating known dangerous behaviors after prior tragedies
Willful disregard for safety
Texas allows punitive damages in certain intentional conduct cases

3. Insurance Coverage Strategies

National organizations often have deeper insurance
Tracking parent-subsidiary relationships for coverage
Our insurance insider knowledge (Mr. Peña’s defense background) crucial here

4. Settlement Leverage

National organizations want to avoid another public tragedy
Pattern evidence increases case value
Confidential settlements often reached to avoid setting precedent

Building a Hazing Case: Evidence, Damages, and Strategy

Critical Evidence in Modern Hazing Cases

Digital Evidence (Most Important Category)

Group Chats: GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, fraternity apps
Screenshot Protocol: Capture full threads with timestamps, participant names
Deleted Message Recovery: Digital forensics can often recover “deleted” content
Social Media: Instagram stories, Snapchat, TikTok videos showing events
Location Data: Geo-tags, Find My Friends history, Snapchat maps
Our video on evidence preservation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs

Medical Documentation

Immediate Care: ER records, ambulance reports, initial assessments
Key Phrases: “Tell medical staff you were hazed” for documentation
Follow-up Care: Specialist visits, therapy records, ongoing treatment
Psychological Impact: PTSD, depression, anxiety diagnoses
Toxicology Reports: Blood alcohol levels, drug screens

Physical Evidence

Injuries: Photograph immediately and over several days (bruising progression)
Objects: Paddles, alcohol bottles, props, “pledge manuals”
Clothing: Don’t wash – may have chemical or biological evidence
Receipts: For forced purchases (alcohol, costumes, gifts)

Institutional Records

University Files: Prior conduct violations, probation letters, incident reports
National Fraternity Records: Risk management files, prior chapter incidents
Police Reports: Campus police and local PD incident reports
Public Records: Clery reports, hazing violation databases (UT’s public list)

Witness Information

Other Pledges: May be afraid but often cooperate once case filed
Former Members: Those who quit or were expelled often testify
Bystanders: Roommates, friends, significant others
Experts: Medical professionals, Greek life culture experts, economists

Damage Categories in Hazing Cases

Economic Damages (Quantifiable Losses)

Medical Expenses: Past and future care, including:
- Emergency treatment
- Hospitalization
- Surgery and rehabilitation
- Psychological therapy
- Medications
Lost Income/Earning Capacity:
- Missed work (victim or caregiving parents)
- Educational setbacks (withdrawn semesters, lost scholarships)
- Reduced future earning capacity (permanent injuries)
Other Expenses:
- Property damage
- Relocation costs (transferring schools)
- Travel for medical treatment

Non-Economic Damages (Subjective Harm)

Physical Pain & Suffering: From injuries, treatments, permanent disabilities
Emotional Distress: PTSD, depression, anxiety, humiliation, shame
Loss of Enjoyment of Life: Can’t participate in activities, withdrawn from college experience
Reputational Harm: Social stigma, difficulty transferring schools

Wrongful Death Damages (For Families)

Economic: Funeral/burial costs, lost financial support
Non-Economic: Loss of companionship, grief, parental suffering

Punitive Damages (When Available)

Purpose: Punish especially reckless or intentional conduct
When Awarded: Prior warnings ignored, cover-up attempts, particularly cruel conduct
Texas Caps: Generally limited but exceptions for intentional conduct

Case Strategy: Why Experience Matters

Multi-Defendant Approach

Identify ALL potentially liable parties:
- Individual members
- Chapter officers
- Local chapter entity
- Housing corporation
- National headquarters
- University/regents
- Third parties (property owners, alcohol providers)
Maximize insurance coverage opportunities
Create settlement pressure from multiple angles

Insurance Coverage Battles

Common Defense: “Hazing is intentional act, insurance doesn’t cover”
Our Counter: Negligent supervision claims may still be covered
Mr. Peña’s Insider Knowledge: Former insurance defense attorney knows their tactics
Multiple Policies: Chapter, national, university, homeowner’s policies

Timeline Management

Statute of Limitations: Generally 2 years in Texas, but exceptions
Evidence Preservation: Immediate action before deletion
University Processes: Often run concurrently with legal action
Criminal vs Civil: May proceed simultaneously or sequentially
Our video on statutes of limitations: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c

Common Defense Strategies and How We Counter Them

Defense 1: “The Pledge Consented”

Our Response: Texas law §37.155 – consent is not a defense
Evidence: Power imbalance, coercion, fear of exclusion
Expert Testimony: Group dynamics, psychological pressure

Defense 2: “National Didn’t Know”

Our Response: Pattern evidence from other chapters
Discovery: Prior incident reports, risk management files
Argument: Foreseeability based on national history

Defense 3: “Off-Campus, Not Our Responsibility”

Our Response: Location doesn’t eliminate duty
Case Law: Pi Delta Psi retreat case precedent
Evidence: Chapter organized, members participated, tradition-based

Defense 4: “We Have Anti-Hazing Policies”

Our Response: Paper policies vs. actual enforcement
Discovery: Prior violations with minimal consequences
Argument: Negligent supervision despite policies

Defense 5: “University Sovereign Immunity”

Our Response: Exceptions for gross negligence, Title IX violations
Strategy: Sue individuals in personal capacity
Settlement Reality: Universities often settle despite immunity arguments

Practical Guides & FAQs for Abilene Families

For Parents: Warning Signs and Action Steps

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Being Hazed:

Physical: Unexplained bruises, burns, or injuries; extreme fatigue; weight changes; sleep deprivation
Behavioral: Sudden secrecy about activities; withdrawal from family/friends; personality changes (anxiety, depression, irritability)
Academic: Grades dropping; missing classes; losing scholarships
Digital: Constant phone monitoring for group chats; anxiety about messages; deleting communications
Financial: Unexpected large expenses; buying excessive alcohol; requests for money without explanation

Questions to Ask (Non-Confrontationally):

“How are things going with [organization]? Are you enjoying it?”
“Have they been respectful of your time for classes and sleep?”
“What do they ask you to do as a new member?”
“Is there anything that makes you uncomfortable?”
“Do you feel like you can leave if you want to?”
“Are they asking you to keep secrets?”

48-Hour Action Checklist for Parents:
✅ Hour 1-6: Medical attention if needed; safety first; screenshot evidence; write everything down; call 1-888-ATTY-911
✅ Hour 6-24: Preserve all digital communications; secure physical evidence; get medical records; identify witnesses
✅ Hour 24-48: Legal consultation; reporting decisions; refer university to attorney; evidence backup
✅ Week One: Medical follow-up; expert evidence gathering; witness interviews; strategy session; retaliation protection

For Students: Self-Assessment and Safety

Is This Hazing? Ask Yourself:

Am I being forced or pressured to do something unsafe?
Would I do this if there were no social consequences?
Is this activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal?
Would my parents/university approve if they knew?
Am I being told to keep secrets?

If You’re in Immediate Danger:

Call 911 or campus police
Get to a safe location
Good-faith reporting protections exist in Texas

Safe Exit Strategy:

Tell someone outside the organization first
Send written resignation to chapter leadership
Do NOT attend “one last meeting”
Report retaliation to university and police
Consider protective order if threatened

Evidence Collection for Students:

Screenshots: Full conversations with timestamps
Recordings: Texas is one-party consent state
Photos/Videos: Injuries, locations, objects
Medical Documentation: Tell providers you were hazed
Witness Info: Names and contact details

Critical Mistakes That Can Ruin Your Case

Our video on client mistakes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY

Mistake 1: Letting Evidence Be Destroyed

Wrong: “Let’s delete those embarrassing messages”
Right: Preserve everything immediately – deletions look like cover-up

Mistake 2: Confronting the Organization Directly

Wrong: Calling the chapter president to complain
Right: Document everything, then let your attorney handle communications

Mistake 3: Signing University “Resolution” Forms

Wrong: Trusting the university’s “internal process”
Right: Never sign anything without attorney review

Mistake 4: Social Media Posts About the Case

Wrong: Venting on Facebook about what happened
Right: All public communication through your attorney

Mistake 5: Letting Your Child Attend “One Last Meeting”

Wrong: “Maybe they’ll explain themselves”
Right: Once legal action is considered, all communication through counsel

Mistake 6: Waiting for University Investigation

Wrong: “Let’s see what the school does first”
Right: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate – act immediately

Mistake 7: Talking to Insurance Adjusters

Wrong: Giving a recorded statement to “process the claim”
Right: “My attorney will contact you”

Frequently Asked Questions for Abilene Families

“Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have sovereign immunity limitations, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individuals personally. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. Every case is fact-specific—contact us at 1-888-ATTY-911 for case analysis.

“Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
It can be. Texas law makes hazing a Class B misdemeanor by default, but it becomes a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Individual officers can also face charges for failing to report hazing.

“Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
Yes. Texas Education Code §37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. Courts recognize that “consent” under peer pressure and fear of exclusion is not voluntary.

“How long do we have to file a lawsuit?”
Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas, but the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm wasn’t immediately known. In cases with cover-ups, the statute may be paused. Time is critical—call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately.

“What if the hazing happened off-campus?”
Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and nationals can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, and knowledge. Many major cases (Pi Delta Psi retreat, Sigma Pi unofficial house) occurred off-campus.

“Will my child’s name be public?”
Most cases settle confidentially before trial. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability.

“How much does it cost to hire your firm?”
We work on contingency—no fee unless we win. We cover all case expenses and only get paid if we recover compensation for you.

Our video on contingency fees: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc

About The Manginello Law Firm: Why We’re Different for Hazing Cases

Texas-Based Hazing Specialists Serving Abilene Families

When your family faces a hazing case, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. From our Houston office, we serve families throughout Texas, including Abilene, Taylor County, and all of West Texas.

Our Unique Qualifications for Hazing Cases

Insurance Insider Advantage (Mr. Lupe Peña)

Former insurance defense attorney at a national firm
Knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies value (and undervalue) claims
Understands their delay tactics, coverage exclusion arguments, and settlement strategies
“We know their playbook because we used to run it.”
Learn more about Mr. Peña: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/

Complex Institutional Litigation Experience (Ralph Manginello)

BP Texas City explosion litigation – one of few Texas firms involved
Federal court experience (U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas)
Not intimidated by national fraternities, universities, or their defense teams
“We’ve taken on billion-dollar corporations. We know how to fight powerful defendants.”
Learn more about Ralph Manginello: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/

Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death Experience

Proven track record in complex wrongful death cases
Economist collaboration for valuing lifetime care needs
Experience with catastrophic injuries (brain damage, permanent disability)
“We don’t settle cheap. We build cases that force accountability.”

Criminal + Civil Dual Capability

Ralph’s membership in Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA)
Understands how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation
Can advise witnesses and former members with dual exposure
Wrongful death practice: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/

Investigative Depth and Resources

Network of experts: medical, digital forensics, economists, psychologists
Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine – 1,423 Greek organizations tracked across 25 metros
Experience obtaining hidden evidence (group chats, chapter records, university files)
“We investigate like your child’s life depends on it—because it does.”

Our Approach: Empathy Meets Aggressive Advocacy

We understand this is one of the hardest things a family can face. Our job is to:

Get you answers about what really happened
Hold the right people accountable – not just the obvious scapegoats
Secure compensation for medical care, suffering, and future needs
Help prevent this from happening to another family
Protect your privacy throughout the process

Why Choose Us for Your Abilene Hazing Case?

Local Texas Understanding with National Reach
For Abilene families: While we’re based in Houston, we serve clients throughout Texas. Distance doesn’t prevent effective representation. We:
-* Handle cases at all Texas universities where Abilene students attend
-* Understand West Texas communities and values
-* Travel to you for consultations as needed
-* Have experience with Taylor County courts and venues

Spanish Language Services Available

Hablamos Español – Mr. Peña speaks fluent Spanish
Full consultation and representation available in Spanish
Critical for Hispanic families in Abilene and throughout Texas

Proven Results Against Powerful Institutions

BP Texas City litigation against billion-dollar corporations
Multi-million dollar settlements in wrongful death cases
Current active hazing litigation against University of Houston and Pi Kappa Phi
Not afraid to go to trial when settlement offers are inadequate

Call to Action: Your Next Step as an Abilene Family

If Hazing Has Impacted Your Family, We Want to Help

Whether your child attends Abilene Christian University here in Taylor County or has traveled to UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or any other Texas campus, if hazing has caused harm, you have rights. The window for action is limited—evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, and statutes of limitations run.

What to Expect in Your Free Consultation

Contact us for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We’ll:

Listen to your story without judgment
Review any evidence you have (photos, texts, medical records)
Explain your legal options: criminal report, civil lawsuit, both, or neither
Discuss realistic timelines and what to expect
Answer questions about costs (contingency fee – we don’t get paid unless we win)
Provide our assessment of your case’s strengths and challenges
No pressure to hire us – take time to decide with your family

Everything you tell us is confidential and protected by attorney-client privilege.

How to Contact Us

Call 24/7: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct Line: (713) 528-9070
Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com or lupe@atty911.com
Spanish Services: Contact Mr. Peña at lupe@atty911.com

Serving All of Texas from Our Houston Office

While our physical offices are in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, we represent clients throughout Texas, including:

Abilene and Taylor County: ACU, Hardin-Simmons, McMurry families
West Texas: Midland, Odessa, Lubbock, Amarillo regions
Central Texas: Waco, Temple, Killeen areas
All Texas university communities where hazing occurs

You Don’t Have to Face This Alone

Hazing thrives in secrecy and shame. Breaking that cycle takes courage. If your family is struggling with the aftermath of hazing—whether recent or from years ago—reach out today. Let us help you get answers, accountability, and closure.

Call Attorney911 now: 1-888-ATTY-911

We’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™ for a reason. When you need immediate, aggressive, professional help, we’re here.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com

Plain Text Links to Key Resources

News Coverage of Leonel Bermudez / UH Pi Kappa Phi Case:

Click2Houston report: https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2025/11/21/only-on-2-lawsuit-alleges-severe-hazing-at-university-of-houstons-pi-kappa-phi-chapter-fraternity/
ABC13 coverage: https://abc13.com/post/waterboarding-forced-eating-physical-punishment-lawsuit-alleges-abuse-faced-injured-pledge-uhs-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity/18186418/
Hoodline summary: https://hoodline.com/2025/11/university-of-houston-and-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity-face-10m-lawsuit-over-alleged-hazing-and-abuse/

Attorney911 Educational Videos:

Evidence preservation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs
Statute of limitations: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c
Client mistakes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY
Contingency fees: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc

Attorney911 Main Website & Practice Areas:

Main site: https://attorney911.com
Wrongful death practice: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/
Criminal defense: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/
Ralph Manginello profile: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/
Lupe Peña profile: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/