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HOUSTON, Texas — Parents in Atascosa County often send their children to universities across Texas, including to institutions in Houston a short drive away, where the reality of campus life sometimes clashes harshly with expectations. Imagine the scene: It’s late fall. Your child, a bright-eyed freshman from Atascosa County, has just pledged a fraternity at the University of Houston, a new step in their college journey. One evening, after a “brotherhood” event, they come home disoriented, sick, and bruised. They dismiss your worries with a weak smile, muttering about “traditions” and “just fitting in.” But your parental instincts scream that something is terribly wrong. They are terrified of getting the group — or themselves — “in trouble.” All you know is that the child who left Atascosa County for college seems profoundly changed, and not for the better.

This isn’t a hypothetical situation. It’s a scenario far too many Texas families face, sometimes with tragic consequences. Here in Houston, where our firm, The Manginello Law Firm / Attorney911, has its primary office, we are all too familiar with these unsettling realities. We are actively engaged in a significant case right now – Leonel Bermudez v. University of Houston / Pi Kappa Phi – which starkly illustrates the dangers of modern hazing. This guide is tailored for families in Atascosa County and across Texas, aiming to shed light on what hazing truly looks like in 2025, the legal frameworks in place, and how to pursue accountability when the unthinkable happens.

Whether your child attends the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or another Texas institution, understanding the landscape of hazing is crucial. This comprehensive guide will delineate the modern face of hazing, clarify the Texas and federal laws designed to combat it, connect major national cases to the Texas context, and highlight how the national histories of fraternities and sororities contribute to liability. For families throughout Texas, including those in Atascosa County, this information is not just educational; it’s a vital tool to navigate a complex and often devastating reality. We are here to help you understand your options and, if necessary, to fight for justice.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

• If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

  • Call 911 for medical emergencies
  • Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
  • We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

• In the first 48 hours:

  • Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
  • Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
    • Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
    • Photograph injuries from multiple angles
    • Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
  • Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
  • Do NOT:
    • Confront the fraternity/sorority
    • Sign anything from the university or insurance company
    • Post details on public social media
    • Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

• Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

  • Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
  • Universities move quickly to control the narrative
  • We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
  • Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

HAZING IN 2025: WHAT IT REALLY LOOKS LIKE

For families in Atascosa County and across Texas, the image of hazing might still be rooted in movie stereotypes, but the reality in 2025 is far more insidious and dangerous. Hazing has evolved, adapting to technology and stricter anti-hazing policies by going further underground, becoming more sophisticated, and often masking itself as “tradition” or “bonding.” Understanding these modern forms is the first step in combating them.

Clear, Modern Definition of Hazing

At its core, hazing is any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by one person alone or with others, directed against a student, that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of that student. This act occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

Crucially, “I agreed to it” does not automatically make it safe or legal when there is peer pressure, a power imbalance, or fear of exclusion. The law and common sense recognize that consent given under duress is not true consent. The modern definition extends beyond just physical acts to encompass emotional and psychological manipulation that leaves lasting scars.

Main Categories of Modern Hazing

Hazing manifests in various forms, often layered and escalating:

• Alcohol and Substance Hazing: This remains the most lethal form of hazing. It involves forced or coerced drinking of excessive amounts of alcohol, often during “lineups,” chugging contests, bottle exchanges, or games that require rapid, dangerous consumption. It also includes pressuring new members to consume unknown or mixed substances, which can lead to severe health crises or death. The devastating potential of alcohol poisoning is a recurring theme in national tragedies.

• Physical Hazing: While some overt forms like brutal beatings have become less common due to increased scrutiny and national attention, others persist. This category still includes paddling, extreme calisthenics, forced “workouts” or “smokings” far beyond normal physical conditioning, and sleep or food/water deprivation. Pledges might be exposed to extreme cold or heat, or placed in dangerous environments. The intent is to break down individuals, foster dependence, and instill absolute obedience.

• Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing: This particularly egregious form of hazing aims to degrade and dehumanize. It can involve forced nudity or partial nudity, simulated sexual acts, “elephant walks,” “roasted pig” positions, or wearing degrading costumes. Often, these acts include racist, sexist, or homophobic overtones, using slurs or forcing individuals into role-playing stereotypes. The psychological trauma from such experiences can be profound and long-lasting.

• Psychological Hazing: This subtle yet deeply damaging form of hazing often involves prolonged verbal abuse, threats, and enforced social isolation, where pledges are cut off from family or non-organizational friends. It employs manipulation, forced confessions, and public shaming, sometimes delivered through social media or private group meetings, to control behavior and instill fear. The goal is often to erode self-esteem and create unquestioning loyalty.

• Digital/Online Hazing: With the ubiquity of smartphones and social media, hazing has moved into the digital realm. This includes group chat dares, “challenges,” and public humiliation via platforms like Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and Discord. Pledges are often pressured to create or share compromising images or videos, or to respond instantly to commands in group chats, leading to sleep deprivation and constant anxiety. Geo-tracking apps are sometimes used to monitor new members’ movements around the clock. This digital leash makes escaping the constant pressure virtually impossible.

Where Hazing Actually Happens

It’s a common misconception that hazing is limited to “frat boys.” The truth is, hazing is a pervasive issue found in a wide array of student organizations across campuses, including those where Atascosa County families send their children.

• Fraternities and Sororities (IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, Multicultural): These remain traditional sites for hazing, with “new member education” often veiling illicit activities.
• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / Military-Style Groups: Organizations built on tradition and discipline, such as the Corps of Cadets at Texas A&M, can sometimes foster environments where hazing is mistaken for esprit de corps.
• Spirit Squads, Tradition Clubs (e.g., Texas Cowboys-type groups): Groups centered around school pride and long-standing traditions are not immune, with new members often pressured to endure humiliating tasks to “earn their stripes.”
• Athletic Teams (Football, Basketball, Baseball, Cheer, etc.): From high school to college, athletic teams worldwide have struggled with hazing, often disguising it as “team bonding” or “toughening up.”
• Marching Bands and Performance Groups: Even seemingly innocuous groups focused on the arts can fall prey to hazing, with new members subjected to degrading acts to be accepted.
• Some Service, Cultural, and Academic Organizations: Hazing can infiltrate any group where a hierarchical structure and a desire for exclusivity exist.

The common threads across all these settings are social status, tradition, and secrecy. New members often fear missing out on opportunities, being ostracized, or seen as “not tough enough” to endure the rituals. This powerful combination allows hazing to persist, often in plain sight, even when everyone “knows” it’s illegal and dangerous. For Atascosa County families, understanding this breadth is key to recognizing the risk regardless of the activity a child chooses.

LAW & LIABILITY FRAMEWORK (TEXAS + FEDERAL)

Navigating the legal landscape of hazing in Texas can be complex, but understanding the basic framework is crucial for families in Atascosa County and across the state. Under Texas law, hazing is not merely a campus policy violation; it carries significant criminal and civil consequences for individuals, organizations, and even institutions. This framework offers pathways for accountability and justice when hazing causes harm.

Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code)

Texas has specific anti-hazing provisions outlined in the Texas Education Code, Chapter 37, Subchapter F. This legislation provides a clear legal definition and penalties for hazing, making it a criminal offense under certain circumstances.

Hazing is defined as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by one person alone or with others, directed against a student, that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of that student. This act must occur for the purpose of “pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership” in any organization whose members include students.

Plain English: This means if someone makes your child do something to join or stay in a group, and that act is dangerous, harmful, or degrading—whether physically or mentally—it’s likely hazing under Texas law. The person doesn’t necessarily need to intend to cause harm; merely being reckless about the risk is enough for the act to be classified as hazing.

Here’s a summary of critical aspects of Texas hazing law:

• Criminal Penalties: Hazing is a criminal offense in Texas.
  • It is a Class B Misdemeanor by default.
  • It escalates to a Class A Misdemeanor if the hazing causes bodily injury.
  • It becomes a State Jail Felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death.
  • Individuals (including officers or members of an organization) can also face misdemeanor charges for failing to report hazing if they knew about it, or for retaliating against someone who reports it.
• No Consent Defense: Crucially, Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that it is not a defense to prosecution for hazing that the person being hazed consented to the activity. This recognizes the inherent power imbalance and peer pressure that often compel students to participate against their true will.
• Organizational Liability: Beyond individual perpetrators, entire organizations (fraternities, sororities, clubs, teams) can also be held criminally liable if they authorized or encouraged hazing, or if an officer or member acting in official capacity knew about hazing and failed to report it. Penalties can include fines and loss of campus recognition.
• Reporter Protections: Texas Education Code § 37.154 provides immunity from civil or criminal liability for individuals who report hazing in good faith. Additionally, many university policies and state laws offer “amnesty” for students (even underage drinkers) who call for help in a medical emergency, prioritizing safety over punishment for minor offenses.

This legal framework, while powerful, is a summary. Each case is investigated based on its specific facts, often necessitating experienced legal counsel.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Understanding Your Options

When hazing occurs, families in Atascosa County and elsewhere in Texas confront two distinct legal avenues: criminal and civil cases. While both aim for justice, their purposes and processes differ significantly.

• Criminal Cases: These are initiated and prosecuted by the state (district attorney or prosecutor) against individuals who are alleged to have broken the law. The primary objective is to punish the accused for their offenses, through penalties such as jail time, fines, and probation. In hazing contexts, criminal charges can include the hazing offenses themselves (ranging from misdemeanors to felonies, as noted above), but also related charges like furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, battery, and in the gravest cases, manslaughter. A key point for victims is that criminal prosecutions focus on societal wrongdoing rather than providing compensation directly to the victim.

• Civil Cases: These are lawsuits brought by victims or their families directly against the individuals and entities responsible for the harm. The main goal of a civil lawsuit is to seek monetary compensation (damages) for losses and injuries suffered, and to hold responsible parties accountable. Civil hazing cases can assert claims for:

  • Negligence or Gross Negligence: Arguing that individuals, organizations, or universities failed in their duty to protect students from foreseeable harm.
  • Wrongful Death: If the hazing resulted in a fatality, allowing surviving family members to seek damages for their profound loss.
  • Assault and Battery: For physical harm intentionally inflicted.
  • Negligent Hiring, Training, or Supervision: Against institutions or national organizations that failed to properly oversee their personnel or chapters.
  • Premises Liability: Against property owners where hazing occurred, if unsafe conditions contributed to the injury.
  • Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress: For severe psychological harm.

It is important to understand that a criminal conviction is not a prerequisite for pursuing a civil case. The standards of proof differ, and it’s entirely possible for a civil case to succeed even if criminal charges are not filed or do not result in a conviction. Both types of cases can proceed side-by-side, offering different forms of justice.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond state law, federal regulations also impose responsibilities on colleges and universities regarding hazing, adding additional layers of accountability.

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (SCHA): Enacted as part of the Higher Education Act, the SCHA elevates hazing to a standalone, reportable crime. By 2026, institutions receiving federal funding will be required to:

  • Publicly report all hazing incidents, including those that do not result in criminal charges.
  • Maintain a publicly accessible database of hazing violations and associated disciplinary actions.
  • Strengthen hazing education efforts for all students and staff.
    This act aims to increase transparency and empower students and families to make informed decisions about campus organizations. For Atascosa County families, this means more public data may become available about specific Texas campuses and their hazing histories.

• Title IX: This federal civil rights law prohibits sex-based discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. When hazing involves sexual harassment, sexual assault, gender-based bullying, or creates a hostile environment rooted in sex, Title IX obligations are triggered. Universities must investigate such incidents promptly and equitably, and take steps to prevent recurrence and remedy effects.

• Clery Act (Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act): This law requires colleges and universities to disclose information about crime on and around their campuses. Hazing incidents, particularly those involving assaults, hate crimes, or alcohol/drug-related offenses, may fall under Clery reporting requirements. This ensures a level of transparency regarding campus safety that can be crucial for understanding institutional responses to hazing.

These federal laws and acts provide additional avenues for intervention and accountability, underscoring that hazing is a matter of significant public and legal concern well beyond the state level. They reinforce a university’s duty to ensure a safe environment for all students.

Who Can Be Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit

When hazing causes harm, multiple parties can be held legally responsible in a civil lawsuit. Identifying all potential defendants is a key part of building a strong case. For families in Atascosa County and across Texas, understanding this complex web of liability is essential:

• Individual Students: The most direct perpetrators are the students who actively planned, orchestrated, participated in, or even simply stood by while hazing occurred. This includes those who supplied alcohol, carried out physical acts, or were involved in cover-ups. They can be sued for assault, battery, negligence, or intentional infliction of emotional distress.
• Local Chapter / Organization: The fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself can be sued. If the local chapter is incorporated or a recognized student organization, it is a legal entity capable of being held liable. This often extends to individuals acting in their official capacity as officers or “pledge educators,” who may be seen as acting on behalf of the chapter.
• National Fraternity / Sorority: Most local chapters are part of larger national or international organizations. These national bodies often set policies, collect dues, provide training, and supervise local chapters. They can be held liable if they failed to adequately train members, enforce anti-hazing policies, or address known problematic behavior at their local chapters. The foreseeability of harm, based on a national organization’s prior hazing history (even at different chapters), can be a critical factor in establishing their liability.
• University or Governing Board: The college or university itself (and often its governing board, like the University of Houston System Board of Regents, or The Texas A&M University System) can be a defendant. Liability typically arises from claims of negligence (e.g., negligent supervision, negligent retention of employees/organizations), failure to enforce their own anti-hazing policies, or creating/allowing an environment where hazing was foreseeable. In cases involving sexual assault or discrimination, Title IX violations can also lead to university liability. Public universities in Texas, like the University of Houston, have some protections under sovereign immunity, but exceptions often apply in cases of gross negligence or specific federal law violations.
• Third Parties: Other entities may also bear responsibility:
  • Landlords or Property Owners: If hazing occurred on private property, the owner might be liable if they knew or should have known about dangerous activities on their premises.
  • Alcohol Providers: Businesses (bars, liquor stores) or even individuals who illegally furnished alcohol to minors that contributed to a hazing incident could face liability under “dram shop” laws or social host liability.
  • Security Companies or Event Organizers: If their negligence contributed to the incident.

Every hazing case is fact-specific, and the potential defendants vary based on the particular circumstances. An experienced attorney can meticulously investigate to identify all liable parties and explore every avenue for recovery.

NATIONAL HAZING CASE PATTERNS (ANCHOR STORIES)

While specific hazing incidents at Texas universities draw local attention, they often mirror deeply troubling patterns seen across the nation. For families in Atascosa County, understanding these prominent national cases reveals the severe risks inherent in hazing and underscores the critical need for accountability. These cases shape legal precedent and demonstrate the far-reaching consequences for both victims and institutions.

Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern

The most common and devastating outcome of hazing is alcohol poisoning leading to death. These tragedies often follow a chillingly similar script: pledges are forced or coerced into rapid, excessive alcohol consumption, and when they fall ill, their “brothers” or “sisters” delay calling 911 to avoid getting the organization in trouble. This delay turns a medical emergency into a fatality.

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State University, Beta Theta Pi (2017): In one of the most publicized hazing deaths, 19-year-old Timothy Piazza died after a “bid acceptance” event. Security cameras captured him falling violently down stairs and convulsing over a 12-hour period after consuming a dangerous amount of alcohol. Fraternity members waited hours, even moving his unconscious body, before calling for help. This resulted in over a thousand criminal charges against fraternity members, civil litigation, and the landmark Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law in Pennsylvania. Piazza’s parents became national advocates, highlighting the extreme intoxication, critical delay in seeking medical aid, and the pervasive cover-up culture.
• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017): Andrew Coffey, a 20-year-old pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night.” Pledges were given handles of liquor and told to consume them. The tragedy led to multiple criminal prosecutions, with members pleading guilty to misdemeanor hazing. Florida State University temporarily suspended all Greek life, creating a statewide anti-hazing movement, and Pi Kappa Phi national implemented significant policy changes in response.
• Maxwell “Max” Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (2017): Max Gruver, an 18-year-old pledge, died with a blood alcohol content of 0.495% (more than six times the legal limit for driving) after a “Bible study” drinking game. Pledges were forced to drink if they answered questions incorrectly. His death led to the nation’s toughest anti-hazing law, the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, making felony hazing a reality. One member was convicted of negligent homicide, and the Gruver family settled their civil case.
• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021): During a “Big/Little” pledge night, 20-year-old Stone Foltz was forced to consume an entire bottle of alcohol. He died from alcohol poisoning. This case resulted in criminal convictions for multiple fraternity members, showing that individuals can be held personally responsible. More significantly, the Foltz family reached a $10 million settlement in 2023, with $7 million from Pi Kappa Alpha national and nearly $3 million from Bowling Green State University, demonstrating the immense financial liability for both organizations and institutions. This case also led to Collin’s Law: The Anti-Hazing Act in Ohio, making hazing a felony when alcohol or drugs cause physical harm.

Each of these cases tragically underscores that alcohol-infused hazing rituals are a repeating script for disaster, with fatal consequences made worse by a fear-driven culture of silence.

Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Beyond alcohol, hazing often involves brutal physical acts and degrading rituals designed to break down a pledge’s will, instill false loyalty, and reinforce hierarchy.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013): Michael Deng, an 18-year-old pledge, died during a “glass ceiling” ritual at an off-campus fraternity retreat in the Pocono Mountains. Blindfolded and weighted down with a heavy backpack, he was repeatedly tackled and assaulted by fraternity members. Help was delayed for over an hour. This case was a landmark for organizational criminal liability, as the national Pi Delta Psi fraternity was convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, fined over $110,000, and banned from Pennsylvania for ten years. Several individual members received jail sentences. This case highlights that off-campus locations offer no shield from liability, and the use of retreat settings is often an attempt to evade detection, not reduce risk.

Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse

Hazing is not exclusive to Greek life; it often permeates collegiate athletic programs, where a focus on team cohesion and toughness can morph into outright abuse.

• Northwestern University Football (2023–2025): A major scandal erupted when former football players alleged widespread sexualized and racist hazing within the program over many years. This included practices like “tatoring” (forcing naked freshman players to perform sexual acts on older players in a darkened locker room) and other degrading rituals. Multiple players filed lawsuits against Northwestern and its coaching staff, leading to the dismissal of long-time head coach Pat Fitzgerald (who later settled a wrongful-termination suit confidentially). The widespread nature of these allegations and the university’s delayed response sparked national debate about accountability in high-profile sports. This case demonstrates that hazing can occur in the most visible and well-funded campus programs, and that institutional cover-ups of abuse are a recurring problem.

What These Cases Mean for Atascosa County Families and Texas Campuses

The national cases above, along with many others, establish critical precedents. For families in Atascosa County with children attending Texas schools like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor, these lessons are directly applicable:

• Foreseeability: The sheer volume of hazing incidents, particularly those involving alcohol or physical abuse, establishes a high degree of foreseeability. National organizations and universities can no longer credibly claim ignorance about the dangerous nature of these “traditions.” When similar incidents occur on Texas campuses, it strengthens arguments that harm was preventable.
• Institutional Accountability: These cases demonstrate that liability extends beyond individual students to local chapters, national organizations, and universities. Multi-million-dollar settlements underscore that institutions have a legal and moral duty to protect students.
• Legislative Impact: National tragedies often spur legislative change. Texas has its own existing anti-hazing laws, but new federal acts like the Stop Campus Hazing Act (requiring more transparency) show a national shift towards stricter enforcement and reporting.
• Evidence is Critical: In almost every successful case, diligent evidence collection, often by families themselves initially (photos, texts, witness statements), proved invaluable.

Families in Atascosa County and elsewhere in Texas facing hazing involving UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor, or any other institution are not encountering isolated incidents. They are dealing with a deeply ingrained pattern of behavior that has been documented, litigated, and legislated against for decades. This history is crucial context for holding responsible parties accountable.

TEXAS FOCUS: UH, TEXAS A&M, UT, SMU, BAYLOR

For families in Atascosa County, the choice of university—whether it’s the thriving urban campus of the University of Houston, the storied traditions of Texas A&M, the academic intensity of UT Austin, the prestigious Southern Methodist University, or the faith-affiliated Baylor—is a pivotal moment. While each institution offers a unique experience, they all grapple with the pervasive issue of hazing. Our firm, Attorney911, understands the nuances of these different campus environments and their approaches to hazing.

Atascosa County bears a strong connection to the University of Houston due to its relative proximity. Many families from Atascosa County send their children to UH, drawn by its diverse programs and urban setting. A hazing incident at UH would directly impact our community members, involving familiar routes and medical facilities. Therefore, we will begin our focused discussion with the University of Houston, connecting with families from right here in Atascosa County.

5.1 University of Houston (UH)

The University of Houston, located in the heart of the nation’s fourth-largest city and within a reasonable driving distance from Atascosa County, is a dynamic and expansive institution. Its diverse student body of over 47,000, bustling Greek life, and a wide array of student organizations mean that it reflects many of the common challenges faced by large American universities concerning hazing. Our firm, Attorney911, is acutely familiar with the issues surrounding campus safety and hazing within the UH community.

5.1.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot (with Atascosa County Connection)

UH is a Tier One research institution known for its strong academic programs and energetic campus life. For many students from Atascosa County, UH offers the appeal of a major university experience while remaining accessible. Its Greek life is robust, comprising numerous fraternities and sororities under various councils (Interfraternity Council, Panhellenic Council, National Pan-Hellenic Council, and Multicultural Greek Council). Beyond Greek life, UH boasts hundreds of student organizations, including cultural associations, academic societies, and sports clubs. The urban campus setting, with a mix of on-campus housing and off-campus student communities, influences the social dynamics and, at times, where hazing activities might occur, often outside immediate university oversight.

5.1.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

The University of Houston maintains clear and comprehensive anti-hazing policies, reflecting its commitment to student safety and compliance with state and federal laws. UH’s official policy strictly prohibits hazing, whether it occurs on campus or off-campus, when directly or indirectly related to a university-recognized organization. The policy explicitly forbids:

• Forced consumption of food, water, alcohol, or controlled substances.
• Physical mistreatment or abuse, including paddling, forced calisthenics, or sleep deprivation.
• Any activity that subjects a student to mental or physical discomfort, degradation, or ridicule.

UH provides multiple channels for reporting hazing incidents, including:

• The Dean of Students Office.
• The Student Conduct Office.
• The University of Houston Police Department (UHPD), which acts as campus law enforcement.
• An anonymous online reporting form.

The university also, though often with limited public detail, posts some disciplinary information and a general statement on hazing on its official website.

5.1.3 Example Incidents & Responses

Our firm, Attorney911, is currently representing Leonel Bermudez in a major lawsuit against the University of Houston and the Pi Kappa Phi fraternity, its Beta Nu chapter, and several individuals. The case alleges egregious hazing incidents involving forced physical exertion and humiliating rituals that led to severe injuries. This litigation highlights the serious risks students face and our firm’s commitment to holding institutions accountable.

In the Bermudez case, detailed in a $10 million lawsuit filed in late 2025 in Harris County, Leonel, a transfer student and Pi Kappa Phi pledge, endured severe hazing. This included:

• Being forced to carry a “pledge fanny pack” containing condoms, a sex toy, nicotine devices, and other humiliating items, with threats of expulsion for noncompliance.
• Being sprayed with a hose in a manner “similar to waterboarding” and threatened with actual waterboarding.
• Undergoing dawn and late-night workouts at Yellowstone Boulevard Park, including grueling sessions that reportedly featured over 100 push-ups and 500 squats, designed to push pledges to physical collapse.
• Forced consumption of milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting, followed by immediate sprints.
• Suffering acute kidney failure and rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown) after a particularly brutal session on November 3, resulting in brown urine and a four-day hospitalization. This horrific outcome led his attorney, Ralph Manginello, to starkly state, “His urine was brown.”

The lawsuit names not only the Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters and its local Beta Nu housing corporation but also the University of Houston and its Board of Regents, along with 13 individual fraternity members and leaders. This case underscores the depth of our firm’s involvement in fighting hazing and Attorney911’s capacity to litigate against powerful institutional defendants. As Lupe Peña succinctly put it, “If this prevents harm to another person…Let’s bring this to light. Enough is enough.” Ralph Manginello adds, “We’re almost in 2026. This has to stop.”

(For more on this case, see coverage by Click2Houston: https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2025/11/21/only-on-2-lawsuit-alleges-severe-hazing-at-university-of-houstons-pi-kappa-phi-chapter-fraternity/, ABC13: https://abc13.com/post/waterboarding-forced-eating-physical-punishment-lawsuit-alleges-abuse-faced-injured-pledge-uhs-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity/18186418/, and Hoodline: https://hoodline.com/2025/11/university-of-houston-and-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity-face-10m-lawsuit-over-alleged-hazing-and-abuse/.)

Other past incidents at UH, while often resulting in internal university sanctions like chapter suspensions or probations, underscore the ongoing challenges. These frequently involve alcohol misconduct, physical mistreatment aimed at new members, and violations of university conduct policies, highlighting the university’s consistent need to address these issues.

5.1.4 How a UH Hazing Case Might Proceed (mention Atascosa County Logistics)

Given UH’s location in Houston, hazing cases typically involve multiple layers of jurisdiction.

• Criminal Investigation: The University of Houston Police Department (UHPD) or the Houston Police Department (HPD) would investigate any criminal hazing allegations. Depending on where the incident occurs (on-campus vs. off-campus within city limits), one or both agencies could be involved. Families from Atascosa County should know that their child would be interacting with law enforcement agencies in Houston, not Atascosa County, for such matters.
• University Judicial Process: Independently, the UH Student Conduct Office would conduct its own investigation, potentially leading to disciplinary action against individual students or organizations.
• Civil Litigation: A civil lawsuit against individuals, the chapter, national organization, and/or the university would typically be filed in a state district court in Harris County, where Houston is located. For Atascosa County families, this would mean navigating the legal system in a different county, emphasizing the importance of local counsel familiar with the Harris County courts. Attorneys like Attorney911, with deep experience in Houston and Harris County, are well-positioned to guide families through this process.

Potential defendants in a UH hazing case could include individual students, the local Pi Kappa Phi chapter, the national Pi Kappa Phi organization, and, as pursued in the Bermudez case, the University of Houston and its Board of Regents.

5.1.5 What UH Students & Parents Should Do

For students from Atascosa County attending UH and their families, proactive steps and immediate action are vital:

• Prioritize Safety: If a student is in immediate danger or suffering medical distress, call 911 immediately. Utilize the university’s Good Samaritan Policy if applicable, which provides amnesty for students seeking help in alcohol-related emergencies.
• Document Everything: As soon as any concerns arise, meticulously document all details—dates, times, locations, individuals involved, and specific behaviors. Crucially, screenshot all digital communications (group chats, texts, social media posts) and photograph any physical injuries. Evidence, as shown in the Bermudez case, is often digital and fleeting.
• Understand Reporting Channels: Familiarize yourselves with UH’s reporting mechanisms (Dean of Students, UHPD, anonymous online forms). Consider reporting to the National Anti-Hazing Hotline (1-888-NOT-HAZE) if anonymity is a primary concern.
• Seek Legal Counsel Promptly: Given the complexity of hazing laws and the aggressive defense tactics often employed by universities and national fraternities, contacting an attorney experienced in Houston-based hazing cases is paramount. Attorney911 can help preserve evidence, navigate university investigations, and protect your child’s legal rights. This is especially important for Atascosa County families who might be unfamiliar with the Houston legal system.

5.2 Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University stands as a cornerstone of Texan tradition, pride, and higher education. For many families from Atascosa County, Texas A&M in College Station is a popular choice for its strong academic reputation, vibrant campus life, and unique traditions like the Corps of Cadets. However, even within such a revered institution, hazing remains a persistent concern across various student groups, including Greek life and the Corps.

5.2.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot (with Atascosa County Connection)

Located in College Station, Texas A&M is a significant institution for many Atascosa County families, with some students making the nearly 100-mile journey for its top-tier engineering, agriculture, and business programs. Its campus culture is deeply rooted in tradition, fostering a strong sense of community and loyalty. This is particularly evident in the Corps of Cadets, a highly structured military-style program that values discipline, leadership, and camaraderie. Alongside the Corps, Texas A&M houses a large and active Greek life, comprising fraternities and sororities from various national councils. The emphasis on tradition and group identity, while often positive, can sometimes create environments where hazing is rationalized as necessary for team-building or upholding “the Aggie Spirit.”

5.2.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Texas A&M University maintains a zero-tolerance policy against hazing, clearly defined in its Student Code of Conduct and enforced across all university-recognized student organizations, including Greek life and the Corps of Cadets. Its comprehensive anti-hazing regulations prohibit any intentional, knowing, or reckless act that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student for the purpose of initiation or membership.

Reporting channels at Texas A&M include:

• The Department of Student Life: Serves as a central point for student conduct issues.
• The Corps of Cadets Chain of Command: For incidents within the Corps, though external reporting is also encouraged.
• The Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD): Handles criminal investigations.
• An anonymous online reporting system is also available, ensuring students and witnesses can come forward without fear of direct retribution.

Texas A&M is legally bound to comply with the Texas Education Code regarding hazing and is expected to provide transparency regarding incidents and disciplinary actions.

5.2.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

Texas A&M has had its share of hazing incidents and challenges over the years:

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) Lawsuit (circa 2021): This incident highlighted the dangerous extremes of physical and chemical hazing. Two pledges alleged they were subjected to strenuous physical activity while substances, including industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit, were poured on them. This resulted in severe chemical burns that required skin graft surgeries. The fraternity chapter was suspended by the university, and the victims filed a $1 million lawsuit against the organization.
• Corps of Cadets Incident (2023): A male cadet alleged degrading hazing, including simulated sexual acts and being bound between beds in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. The victim sought over $1 million in damages. While Texas A&M stated it handled the matter according to its internal rules, the incident underscored that even highly structured and venerable organizations like the Corps of Cadets can face serious hazing allegations. It also highlights how hazing can involve sexualized and humiliating acts, not just physical abuse.
• Aggie Bonfire Collapse (1999): While not a traditional hazing incident, the tragic collapse of the student-constructed Aggie Bonfire, which killed 12 and injured 27, raised critical questions about student-led high-risk activities and institutional oversight that resonate with hazing dynamics. Multiple lawsuits against university officials resulted in settlements exceeding $6 million, and the tradition was permanently banned on official campus. This event underscores the severe consequences when student-led activities lack adequate oversight, a principle often at play in hazing cases.

These incidents demonstrate that the reverence for tradition at Texas A&M, while commendable in many aspects, must be carefully managed to prevent it from providing cover for dangerous hazing practices. The university consistently faces the challenge of balancing its unique culture with rigorous anti-hazing enforcement.

5.2.4 How a Texas A&M Hazing Case Might Proceed (mention Atascosa County Logistics)

A hazing case originating at Texas A&M typically involves:

• Criminal Investigation: The Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD) would lead investigations into criminal hazing on campus. If incidents occur off-campus in College Station or Bryan, local police departments (College Station PD or Bryan PD) handle the criminal aspect. For Atascosa County families, engaging with law enforcement for such cases would be primarily through agencies in Brazos County.
• University Disciplinary Process: The Division of Student Affairs, particularly the Student Conduct Office and the Corps of Cadets leadership (for Corps incidents), would conduct internal investigations, potentially leading to sanctions against individuals and organizations.
• Civil Litigation: Civil lawsuits would generally be filed in district courts in Brazos County, where College Station is located. Given that Texas A&M is a public university, sovereign immunity issues may arise, though exceptions for gross negligence or Title IX violations may apply. Attorney911, with our expertise against large institutions, understands how to navigate such defenses, including those related to sovereign immunity for public entities. Families from Atascosa County seeking civil action would be filing in Brazos County, a process our firm is equipped to manage.

Potential defendants in an A&M hazing suit could range from individual students and local chapter leaders to the national organization, Texas A&M University, and its governing system (The Texas A&M University System).

5.2.5 What Texas A&M Students & Parents Should Do

For students from Atascosa County attending Texas A&M and their families:

• Embrace vigilance: Be aware that “tradition” can sometimes be a cover for hazing. Understand the difference between healthy traditions and harmful rituals.
• Directly report: Utilize Texas A&M’s official reporting channels, including UPD and the Department of Student Life. For concerns within the Corps, escalate issues beyond immediate superiors if necessary.
• Document and Preserve: Collect and save any evidence, including text messages, photos, videos, and detailed notes of incidents. For severe injuries like the chemical burns in the SAE case, immediate medical documentation is crucial.
• Consult Legal Experts: Given A&M’s public university status and the complexity of its traditions, early consultation with a Texas hazing attorney is advisable. Attorney911 can advise on legal options, including overcoming sovereign immunity challenges, and assist in navigating both university and criminal investigations to build a strong civil case. Our comprehensive approach helps ensure a thorough investigation into institutional accountability.

5.3 University of Texas at Austin (UT)

The University of Texas at Austin stands as one of the state’s flagship public universities, consistently attracting top talent from across Texas, including many families from Atascosa County. Its vibrant campus life, renowned academics, and extensive Greek system make it a premier destination, but also a frequent site for hazing incidents that draw significant attention due to the university’s size and prominence.

5.3.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot (with Atascosa County Connection)

Located in Austin, approximately a 110-mile drive from Atascosa County, UT Austin is a powerhouse of higher education. Its sprawling campus hosts a diverse student population, a highly competitive Greek system with dozens of fraternities and sororities, and numerous other student organizations, including spirit groups and athletic clubs. The emphasis on achievement and social status within some campus subcultures can, unfortunately, create fertile ground for hazing. The university has a long-standing history of addressing hazing, often with a level of transparency that stands out among its peers.

5.3.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

The University of Texas at Austin maintains one of the most transparent anti-hazing policies among Texas institutions. Its policies strictly prohibit hazing, defining it broadly to include any act that causes or is likely to cause physical or mental discomfort, humiliation, or ridicule, performed for the purpose of initiation or affiliation with a student organization. This policy applies to activities both on and off campus.

A key resource provided by UT Austin is its publicly accessible “Recognized Student Organization Conduct History” webpage, sometimes referred to as its “Hazing Violations” page (https://hazing.utexas.edu/). This site lists organizations found responsible for hazing, detailing the incident, date of violation, conduct involved, and sanctions imposed. This transparency is invaluable for families from Atascosa County and elsewhere researching organizations.

Reporting channels at UT Austin include:

• The Dean of Students Office.
• The Office of Student Conduct and Academic Integrity.
• The University of Texas Police Department (UTPD) for criminal matters.
• An anonymous online reporting tool, ensuring accessible avenues for concerned students and witnesses.

5.3.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

UT Austin’s public database of hazing violations provides a sobering look at the ongoing challenges:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): The UT chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha was sanctioned after new members were reportedly directed to consume large quantities of milk and perform strenuous calisthenics, activities deemed to constitute hazing. The chapter was placed on probation and mandated to undergo additional hazing-prevention education. This incident, common in other Pi Kappa Alpha chapters across the nation, demonstrates a recurring pattern of physical and forced-consumption hazing.
• Other Spirit and Social Organizations: Beyond traditional fraternities and sororities, UT Austin has also had to sanction various spirit groups and social organizations—such as the Texas Wranglers—for conduct involving forced workouts, alcohol-related hazing, and other forms of “punishment” or demeaning tasks for new members. These entries on UT’s public log reflect a consistent effort by the university to identify and address misconduct across its diverse student life.

UT’s commitment to public reporting, while not eliminating hazing, offers critical data. These public records can be powerful tools in civil lawsuits, as they establish a pattern of misconduct and demonstrate the university’s official knowledge of ongoing issues within specific organizations.

5.3.4 How a UT Austin Hazing Case Might Proceed (mention Atascosa County Logistics)

For a hazing incident at UT Austin:

• Criminal Investigation: The University of Texas Police Department (UTPD) investigates incidents on campus, while the Austin Police Department (APD) handles off-campus incidents within the city. For families in Atascosa County, any criminal proceedings would fall under the jurisdiction of Travis County District Courts, requiring interaction with Travis County law enforcement and judicial systems.
• University Judicial Process: The Office of Student Conduct and Academic Integrity would independently investigate policy violations, leading to potential sanctions against students and organizations. These actions are often publicly documented on the university’s website.
• Civil Litigation: Civil lawsuits would typically be filed in state district courts in Travis County. As a public university, UT Austin may raise defenses related to sovereign immunity. However, our firm, Attorney911, has significant experience navigating these complex defenses, especially in cases alleging gross negligence or constitutional violations. For Atascosa County families, filing in Travis County is a standard practice and one our firm is fully prepared to handle.

Potential defendants often include individual students, the local chapter, the national organization, The University of Texas at Austin, and the broader University of Texas System.

5.3.5 What UT Austin Students & Parents Should Do

For students from Atascosa County attending UT Austin and their families:

• Proactive Research: Before committing to any organization, consult UT’s “Recognized Student Organization Conduct History” website to review any past hazing violations.
• Know Your Rights and Resources: Understand UT’s anti-hazing policies and a multitude of reporting options. Be aware of the Good Samaritan Policy.
• Maintain Digital Records: The transparent nature of student communication online can be both a blessing and a curse. Encourage students to screenshot any problematic group chats, DMs, or social media posts, and to photograph injuries. Early preservation of digital evidence is crucial.
• Engage Experienced Counsel: Given UT Austin’s public nature and its transparent, yet sometimes complex, disciplinary processes, consulting with a Texas hazing attorney familiar with Travis County legal procedures is highly recommended. Attorney911 can leverage UT’s public hazing records and other evidence to build a compelling case for accountability against all responsible parties.

5.4 Southern Methodist University (SMU)

Southern Methodist University (SMU), situated in Dallas, is a prestigious private institution renowned for its academic excellence, beautiful campus, and strong Greek life. For Atascosa County families, SMU can be a top choice for its reputation and vibrant student community. However, like many private universities with robust social scenes, SMU faces continuous challenges in preventing and addressing hazing.

5.4.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot (with Atascosa County Connection)

SMU, located approximately 250 miles north of Atascosa County, attracts a diverse student body, including many from affluent backgrounds and regions across Texas. Its campus culture fosters strong traditions and a notable emphasis on Greek life, with a large percentage of undergraduates participating in fraternities and sororities. The social dynamics, often shaped by these organizations, can inadvertently create environments susceptible to hazing, where the pressure to conform and preserve elite status contributes to dangerous rituals.

5.4.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Southern Methodist University explicitly prohibits hazing, articulating a clear stance in its Student Code of Conduct that applies to all student organizations. SMU’s policy, aligned with Texas law, defines hazing comprehensively to include any act that intentionally or recklessly endangers a student’s mental or physical health for the purpose of initiation, admission, affiliation, or continued membership in an organization. This prohibition extends to acts occurring both on and off campus.

SMU offers multiple confidential and anonymous reporting methods for hazing, including:

• The Dean of Students Office.
• The Division of Student Affairs.
• The SMU Police Department (SMUPD).
• An anonymous online reporting system, and platforms like “Real Response” that facilitate discreet reporting.

These channels aim to encourage students and witnesses to report incidents without fear of reprisal.

5.4.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

SMU has taken action against several Greek organizations for hazing violations, underscoring the university’s ongoing battle against these practices:

• Kappa Alpha Order Incident (2017): This high-profile case involved severe allegations against the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity. New members were reportedly subjected to physical abuse, including paddling, forced excessive alcohol consumption, and significant sleep deprivation. Following an extensive investigation, SMU suspended the chapter for over three years, imposing restrictions that included a ban on recruiting new members during their probationary period. This action highlighted SMU’s resolve to address egregious hazing.
• Other Disciplinary Actions: Beyond this specific incident, SMU’s Disciplinary Status website for fraternities and sororities frequently lists various organizations under probation or suspension for hazing, alcohol violations, and other conduct breaches. While the details of specific hazing acts are often kept less public than at state institutions like UT Austin, these listings confirm a recurring pattern of misconduct related to new member processes.

These incidents demonstrate SMU’s commitment to enforcing its anti-hazing policies, even as the challenges persist within its prominent Greek community.

5.4.4 How an SMU Hazing Case Might Proceed (mention Atascosa County Logistics)

For a hazing incident at SMU:

• Criminal Investigation: The SMU Police Department (SMUPD) would investigate on-campus criminal hazing, while the Dallas Police Department (DPD) would handle off-campus incidents within Dallas city limits. For families from Atascosa County, any criminal proceedings would fall under the jurisdiction of Dallas County District Courts.
• University Judicial Process: The Dean of Students Office and the Division of Student Affairs would conduct internal disciplinary procedures, which may result in sanctions ranging from probation and educational requirements to suspension or permanent expulsion of individuals and organizations.
• Civil Litigation: Civil lawsuits against individuals, local chapters, national organizations, and SMU would generally be filed in state district courts in Dallas County. As a private university, SMU typically does not benefit from sovereign immunity, making it a more direct defendant in negligence claims. Attorney911 operates across Texas, including filing actions in Dallas County, and possesses the expertise to challenge well-resourced private institutions like SMU. For Atascosa County families, this may involve navigating a legal process in a different region of the state.

Potential defendants typically include individual students, the local chapter, the national organization, and Southern Methodist University itself.

5.4.5 What SMU Students & Parents Should Do

For SMU students from Atascosa County and their families:

• Investigate Thoroughly: Prior to joining any organization, research its history, including any past conduct violations. While SMU doesn’t offer the public transparency of UT Austin’s hazing log, local news archives and direct inquiries can be useful.
• Prioritize Well-Being: Encourage students to recognize red flags of hazing and to prioritize their physical and mental health over loyalty to an organization.
• Document and Report: Preserve all evidence of hazing, including digital communications, photos, and detailed notes. Report concerns to SMU officials through available channels, utilizing anonymous options if needed.
• Consult Legal Counsel: Navigating hazing claims against a private university like SMU requires experienced legal guidance. Attorney911 can advise on evidence collection, negotiate with university officials, and pursue civil litigation to ensure accountability and compensation for harm suffered. Our firm has the resources to stand up to institutions and their legal teams.

5.5 Baylor University

Baylor University, located in Waco, holds a unique position as the oldest continually operating university in Texas and the largest Baptist university in the world. Its strong faith-based identity, academic rigor, and championship-winning athletic programs attract a dedicated student body, including many from Atascosa County. However, even with its strong moral compass, Baylor has not been immune to hazing issues, particularly within its athletic programs, which have at times overshadowed its values.

5.5.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot (with Atascosa County Connection)

Baylor University is approximately a 170-mile drive north from Atascosa County, drawing students who seek a values-driven education coupled with a spirited campus experience. The university prides itself on its close-knit community and commitment to Christian principles. While Greek life exists, it operates within a broader campus context, often overshadowed by the prominence of its athletic programs, particularly football. Baylor’s culture places a strong emphasis on community loyalty and pride, which, in some contexts, can unfortunately be manipulated to perpetuate hazing—often disguised as “team building” or “character development.”

5.5.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Baylor University maintains stringent anti-hazing policies, directly reflecting state law and its institutional values. The university’s policies unequivocally prohibit hazing across all student organizations, athletic teams, and university-affiliated groups. Hazing is defined as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act occurring on or off campus that 1) endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, or 2) promotes the degradation, abuse, or humiliation of a student. These acts must be connected to initiation, affiliation, or membership.

Baylor emphasizes multiple avenues for reporting alleged hazing incidents, encouraging students, faculty, and staff to come forward:

• The Dean of Students Office.
• The Baylor University Police Department (BUPD).
• Confidential online reporting forms, including an anonymous “Baylor Alert” system.
• Specific reporting protocols for athletic programs.

The university’s policies are often published prominently in handbooks and online resources.

5.5.3 Selected Documented Incidents & Responses

Baylor University has faced significant scrutiny and taken disciplinary actions related to hazing allegations, particularly in its high-profile athletic programs:

• Baylor Baseball Hazing Incident (2020): This incident led to the suspension of 14 baseball players following an investigation into hazing allegations. The suspensions were staggered across the early season to maintain team viability, but the university’s response underscored its commitment to addressing hazing even within its successful athletic teams. While specific details of the hazing were not fully released, reports indicated activities that violated university policy, demonstrating that “team-building” can cross the line into illicit behavior.
• Broader Cultural Challenges (Title IX Context): While not exclusively hazing, Baylor has a well-documented history of institutional failures related to student safety, particularly concerning sexual assault and Title IX violations within its football program in the mid-2010s. This broader context of oversight challenges and criticisms of institutional responses creates a heightened sensitivity around any form of student abuse, including hazing, and reinforces the need for robust accountability mechanisms.

Baylor’s experiences illustrate the delicate balance between fostering strong team bonds and ensuring that disciplinary traditions do not devolve into dangerous hazing. It highlights that universities, especially those with visible athletic programs, must constantly reinforce educational efforts and enforcement policies.

5.2.4 How a Baylor Hazing Case Might Proceed (mention Atascosa County Logistics)

For a hazing incident at Baylor:

• Criminal Investigation: The Baylor University Police Department (BUPD) would investigate on-campus incidents, and the Waco Police Department (WPD) would handle affairs off-campus within Waco. Criminal proceedings would fall under the jurisdiction of McLennan County District Courts. For Atascosa County families, this means legal proceedings would be handled by courts and agencies in Waco.
• University Judicial Process: The Division of Student Life and the Department of Athletics would conduct internal investigations, potentially leading to sanctions against students, coaches, and organizations. These internal processes, while robust, are often confidential due to FERPA regulations and Baylor’s status as a private institution.
• Civil Litigation: Civil lawsuits would typically be filed in state district courts in McLennan County. As a private university, Baylor does not benefit from sovereign immunity, making it a more accessible defendant than public institutions. Our firm, Attorney911, is well-versed in litigating against both public and private institutions across Texas, including those in McLennan County. For Atascosa County families, our firm can seamlessly represent their interests in Waco.

Potential defendants in a Baylor hazing suit often include individual students, the local organization or team (and its coaches/staff), the national organization (if applicable), and Baylor University itself.

5.2.5 What Baylor Students & Parents Should Do

For Baylor students from Atascosa County and their families:

• Due Diligence: Carefully review Baylor’s Student Code of Conduct and specific policies on hazing for all athletic teams and student organizations.
• Identify Red Flags: Be particularly aware of “team-building” activities, retreats, or “traditions” that appear secretive, involve forced physical exertion, or excessive alcohol.
• Document Everything: If hazing is suspected, meticulously record all details, including dates, times, locations, names, and specific acts. Digital evidence (screenshots, photos, videos) is crucial.
• Report Concerns: Utilize Baylor’s reporting systems, including BUPD, the Dean of Students, or anonymous channels. Students should understand the Good Samaritan Policy in cases of medical emergency.
• Seek Professional Legal Advice: Given Baylor’s unique institutional culture and its prior experiences with campus safety issues, consulting with a Texas hazing attorney with experience in McLennan County is critical. Attorney911 can provide confidential guidance, assist in navigating Baylor’s internal processes, and pursue civil claims to ensure your child’s rights are protected and that those responsible are held accountable.

FRATERNITIES & SORORITIES: CAMPUS-SPECIFIC + NATIONAL HISTORIES

For families in Atascosa County considering Greek life for their children at Texas universities like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor, understanding the connection between local chapters and their national organizations is paramount. These groups aren’t isolated entities; they are part of larger, often multi-billion-dollar networks that carry both immense resources and, frequently, a troubling history of hazing incidents across the country. Our firm, Attorney911, specializes in holding these powerful national organizations accountable by analyzing their historical patterns of misconduct.

Why National Histories Matter

Most fraternities and sororities proudly tout their national affiliations, rich histories, and expansive alumni networks. What they are less eager to publicize is their national hazing record. Many of the organizations present at Texas campuses—such as Pi Kappa Alpha, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Phi Delta Theta, Pi Kappa Phi, and Kappa Alpha Order—are prominent national entities with established, often disturbing, histories of hazing.

National headquarters, in response to decades of litigation and tragic deaths, have developed extensive anti-hazing manuals, risk management policies, and “zero-tolerance” statements. However, the very existence of these detailed prohibitions is an acknowledgment of a recurring problem. These national offices are well aware of the patterns: the “Big/Little” drinking nights, the paddling “traditions,” the degrading rituals, and the culture of silence that facilitates abuse.

When a local chapter in Texas, perhaps at the University of Houston or Texas A&M, engages in the same dangerous behaviors that led to injuries, lawsuits, or even deaths at another chapter in Ohio or Pennsylvania, it establishes a crucial legal concept: foreseeability. The national organization can no longer credibly claim ignorance or surprise. This pattern evidence is central to our legal strategy, proving that the national entity knew or should have known about the prevalent risks within its system.

Organization Mapping: Local Chapters and National Patterns

Here, we delve into how some of the prominent fraternities and sororities found at Texas universities (and potentially affecting Atascosa County families) have national histories that are relevant to understanding the risks of hazing. It’s important to remember that while a chapter may be local, its liabilities and behavioral patterns often reflect those of its national body.

Pi Kappa Phi – Beta Nu Chapter (University of Houston)

The Pi Kappa Phi fraternity’s presence in Texas has recently been brought into sharp focus by Attorney911’s $10 million lawsuit on behalf of Leonel Bermudez against the University of Houston and Pi Kappa Phi. The Beta Nu chapter at UH, registered with the IRS (EIN: 20-8430778), has been at the center of allegations involving severe physical and emotional hazing that led to Bermudez’s hospitalization. The national organization suspended the chapter on November 6, 2025, with chapter members later voting to surrender their charter on November 14, essentially shutting down the chapter.

Nationally, Pi Kappa Phi has faced hazing litigation and tragedy, most notably the death of Andrew Coffey at Florida State University in 2017. Coffey died from acute alcohol poisoning at a “Big Brother Night” event. This pattern of incidents across chapters, where a national organization’s explicit anti-hazing policies are allegedly ignored, demonstrates the foreseeability that Attorney911 argues in litigation. For families in Atascosa County, this UH case serves as a stark warning of what can happen locally and how national organizations can be held liable for the misconduct of their chapters.

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE)

Sigma Alpha Epsilon is one of the largest and oldest fraternities in North America. Unfortunately, its national history includes numerous hazing-related deaths and severe injuries, earning it the grim moniker “America’s deadliest fraternity” by some media outlets prior to its efforts to rebrand. SAE announced the elimination of its traditional pledging process in 2014, but hazing incidents have continued.

• National Pattern: SAE chapters nationwide have a documented history of alcohol-related deaths, physical abuse, and degrading rituals. These incidents have led to millions in settlements and ongoing lawsuits.
• Texas Incidents: On top of the lawsuit at the University of Alabama involving a traumatic brain injury, SAE chapters in Texas have also faced severe allegations. At Texas A&M University (2021), two pledges alleged they suffered severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries after corrosive substances and industrial cleaner were poured on them during hazing. At the University of Texas at Austin (2024), there was a lawsuit alleging assault by fraternity members, adding to the chapter’s prior suspensions.
• Foreseeability: A parent in Atascosa County whose child is hazed by an SAE chapter in Texas could point to these national and state-specific incidents as proof that the national organization had ample prior notice of hazing risks and a duty to intervene more effectively.

Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike)

Pi Kappa Alpha, often called Pike, is another prominent national fraternity whose history is unfortunately marred by severe hazing incidents, frequently involving dangerous alcohol consumption.

• National Pattern: The 2021 death of Stone Foltz at Bowling Green State University from alcohol poisoning during a “Big/Little” pledge night is a prime example. This case resulted in criminal convictions and a $10 million settlement in 2023, with $7 million from Pi Kappa Alpha national and nearly $3 million from BGSU. Another notable incident was the 2012 death of David Bogenberger at Northern Illinois University, also due to alcohol poisoning directly linked to a fraternity event, leading to a $14 million settlement to his family.
• Texas Incidents: Pike chapters at Texas universities have faced scrutiny. At the University of Texas at Austin (2023), new members were reportedly directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics, leading to university sanctions.
• Foreseeability: The national organization has been repeatedly warned through litigation and tragedy about the dangers inherent in its Big/Little and pledge induction events. This consistent pattern across chapters strengthens claims of negligence against the national body when hazing occurs.

Phi Delta Theta (Phi Delt)

Phi Delta Theta is another fraternity with a national presence that has unfortunately seen its share of hazing tragedies.

• National Pattern: Most notably, the 2017 death of Maxwell “Max” Gruver at Louisiana State University due to severe alcohol poisoning during a “Bible study” drinking game. This led to criminal prosecution and civil settlements, as well as the landmark Max Gruver Act in Louisiana. Another case, the 2021 death of Danny Santulli at the University of Missouri, resulted in severe and permanent brain damage, leading to multi-million dollar settlements with 22 defendants, including the fraternity.
• Texas Incidents: Phi Delt chapters in Texas, including at Baylor and UT Austin, operate under the shadow of these national events. Any hazing incident involving forced drinking or degrading rituals can draw parallels to these high-profile cases.
• Foreseeability: The national organization’s repeated exposure to fatal alcohol hazing incidents creates clear foreseeability for any similar events in Texas, including for Atascosa County students joining a chapter at a Texas university.

Kappa Alpha Order (KA)

Kappa Alpha Order is a fraternity with strong Southern roots, often emphasizing chivalry and tradition. However, this focus on tradition has sometimes been linked to hazing behaviors.

• National Pattern: Kappa Alpha Order chapters have faced numerous hazing suspensions and allegations across the country. While not as frequently associated with alcohol poisoning deaths as some other fraternities, there have been documented incidents of physical and psychologically abusive hazing rituals.
• Texas Incidents: At Southern Methodist University (2017), the Kappa Alpha Order chapter faced a lengthy suspension and recruiting ban after allegations of physical hazing, including paddling, forced drinking, and sleep deprivation.
• Foreseeability: The national organization is aware of the potential for its “traditional” pledging process to devolve into hazing. This knowledge is relevant when evaluating the national’s liability in Texas incidents.

Legal Strategy: Leveraging National Histories

For Attorney911, these national histories are not just cautionary tales; they are crucial components of our legal strategy. When we represent a family from Atascosa County whose child has been harmed by hazing at a Texas university, we investigate whether the responsible organization, at both the local and national level, had:

• Prior Notice: Did the national organization have knowledge of similar hazing incidents across its chapters or within the broader Greek system?
• Pattern of Conduct: Do the hazing methods align with a pattern of behavior seen in other incidents involving the same national fraternity/sorority?
• Failure to Act: Did the national organization fail to take adequate steps to prevent hazing, enforce its rules, or respond effectively to past violations?

By connecting local incidents to this broader national context, we strengthen arguments for institutional negligence, gross negligence, and foreseeability of harm. This allows us to pursue maximum accountability and compensation for our clients, ensuring that powerful national organizations and universities cannot escape responsibility by claiming ignorance.

7. BUILDING A CASE: EVIDENCE, DAMAGES, STRATEGY

For families in Atascosa County grappling with the aftermath of hazing, the legal journey can seem daunting. At Attorney911, we understand that building a compelling hazing case requires a meticulous approach, leveraging every piece of evidence, calculating the full scope of damages, and strategizing against well-resourced defendants. We handle these complex cases by focusing on the details that define accountability.

7.1 Evidence: The Foundation of Every Hazing Case

In today’s digital world, evidence is often fleeting, especially in hazing cases where perpetrators frequently attempt cover-ups. Rapid and thorough collection is critical. As Attorney911’s Ralph Manginello often emphasizes in his educational videos, using your cellphone to document a legal case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) is a key skill. His message: every piece of evidence matters.

• Digital Communications: These are often the most potent forms of evidence.
  • Group Chats and Direct Messages: Platforms like GroupMe (the most common for Greek life), WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Snapchat, and Instagram DMs often contain explicit instructions, plans for hazing events, discussions of punishments, or even boasts about cruel acts. These messages reveal intent, coercion, and who was involved. Pledges are often forced to engage with these chats 24/7, creating a digital trail of abuse.
  • Recovered/Deleted Messages: Even if messages are deleted, digital forensics experts can often recover them. However, original screenshots taken by the victim or witnesses are invaluable.
• Photos & Videos: The prevalence of smartphones means hazing is often documented.
  • Member-Generated Content: Photos and videos taken by members or pledges during hazing events, whether seemingly innocuous or overtly abusive, can capture crucial details like forced activities, degradation, presence of alcohol, and visible injuries.
  • Surveillance Footage: Security cameras (campus, private homes, commercial venues) or doorbell cameras (like Ring) can provide objective evidence of locations, timings, and who was present.
• Internal Organization Documents: These documents, often obtained through legal discovery, shed light on the inner workings of chapters and nationals.
  • Ritual Manuals & Pledging Programs: These can show discrepancies between official rules and actual practices.
  • Officer Communications: Emails or texts between chapter leaders discussing new member activities, budgets for events, or disciplinary matters.
  • National Policies: Anti-hazing handbooks, risk management plans, and training materials reveal what the national organization knew or should have known about hazing risks.
• University Records: Universities maintain extensive records that can be critical.
  • Prior Conduct Violations: Records of disciplinary actions against the same organization or individuals for previous hazing, alcohol violations, or other misconduct. UT Austin’s public hazing log is a prime example of this transparency.
  • Campus Police Reports: Records of incidents reported to campus law enforcement.
  • Clery Act Reports & Title IX Filings: These documents can reveal patterns of campus violence, alcohol abuse, or sex-based harassment that intersect with hazing.
• Medical and Psychological Records: Documenting the physical and mental toll of hazing is fundamental.
  • Emergency Room & Hospital Records: Crucial for documenting immediate injuries, intoxication levels, and medical treatments. Toxicology reports are vital in alcohol/substance hazing. For severe injuries like rhabdomyolysis (as in the Bermudez case), detailed lab results are key.
  • Ongoing Treatment Records: Notes from physical therapy, counseling, or psychiatric sessions confirm the long-term impact of the hazing, including diagnoses like PTSD, anxiety, or depression.
• Witness Testimony: The accounts of individuals who observed or participated in the hazing are essential.
  • Pledges & Members: Testimony from other new members or even current members who were coerced into silence can provide powerful firsthand accounts.
  • Bystanders: Campus residents, RAs, or concerned students who noticed changes in behavior or witnessed parts of incidents.

7.2 Damages: Recovering What Was Lost

Hazing exacts a multifaceted toll, encompassing both tangible financial losses and intangible, profound suffering. A civil lawsuit seeks to recover damages that represent the full scope of this harm.

• Medical Bills & Future Care: This includes all costs associated with physical injuries from hazing, from emergency room visits (ambulance rides, ER care) and hospitalizations (ICU stays, surgeries, inpatient care) to medications, medical equipment, and rehabilitation (physical, occupational, speech therapy). For catastrophic injuries like permanent brain damage (as in the Danny Santulli case) or life-altering organ damage, future medical expenses can involve decades of specialized care, calculated through a life care plan. Mental health care, including therapy and psychiatric medications for conditions like PTSD, depression, or anxiety, is also a significant component.
• Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: Hazing can derail a student’s academic and professional future. Damages can include:
  • Lost Wages: For time missed from part-time jobs or parental income lost due to caregiving.
  • Lost Educational Opportunities: Costs associated with missed semesters, lost scholarships (academic, athletic, or Greek-based), and the expense of potentially transferring to another institution.
  • Diminished Future Earning Capacity: If hazing injuries (physical, psychological, or neurological) result in permanent disabilities that affect a student’s ability to complete their education or secure certain types of employment, expert economists calculate the estimated lifetime earnings loss.
• Non-Economic Damages: These compensate for the subjective, but no less real, human suffering.
  • Physical Pain and Suffering: This accounts for the pain endured from injuries (e.g., broken bones, burns as in the Texas A&M SAE case, internal injuries, severe muscle breakdown like rhabdomyolysis), as well as ongoing chronic pain.
  • Emotional Distress, Trauma, and Humiliation: Hazing is inherently humiliating and psychologically damaging. Victims can suffer from PTSD, severe anxiety, depression, panic attacks, and a profound loss of dignity or self-worth.
  • Loss of Enjoyment of Life: This compensates for the inability to participate in activities previously enjoyed, social isolation, and general diminished quality of life.
• Wrongful Death Damages (for families): In the most tragic cases, hazing results in death. In Texas, certain family members (typically spouses, children, and parents) can bring a wrongful death claim to recover for:
  • Funeral and Burial Costs: Direct expenses related to the death.
  • Loss of Financial Support: Compensation for any income the deceased would have provided to their family.
  • Loss of Companionship, Love, and Society: The profound emotional void left by the deceased.
  • Grief-Related Emotional Harm: For the severe psychological suffering experienced by surviving family members.

It’s vital to clarify that we are describing categories of damages, not guaranteeing specific amounts for any individual case. Each claim is evaluated based on its own unique circumstances.

7.3 Strategy: Identifying Defendants, Overcoming Defenses, Securing Justice

A successful hazing lawsuit is built on a robust legal strategy that anticipates and counters the defenses raised by powerful defendants, as detailed in our Appendix B on the Institutional & Organizational Defense Playbook. As Lupe Peña often remarks, her experience as a former insurance defense attorney (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/) means Attorney911 understands precisely how these entities and their insurers operate.

• Identifying All Defendants: A comprehensive investigation aims to pinpoint all potentially liable parties, which often include individual students, the local chapter, the national organization, the university (public or private), and any third-party property owners or alcohol providers. Each defendant may bring a different set of defenses and insurance policies.
• Overcoming Common Defenses:
  • “The Pledge Consented”: Our firm counters this by arguing that consent under duress, fear of social exclusion, or power imbalance is invalid, a stance supported by Texas law (consent is not a defense to hazing).
  • “Rogue Chapter / National Didn’t Know”: We leverage pattern evidence from national hazing cases (like those cited in Section 4) to demonstrate that the national organization had prior knowledge of similar hazing methods and failed in its duty to prevent them.
  • “It Happened Off-Campus”: We argue that universities and nationals can still be liable based on their sponsorship, knowledge, and foreseeable risks, regardless of the physical location of the hazing.
• Insurance Coverage: A critical aspect of strategy involves identifying all applicable insurance policies (local chapter, national fraternity, university, homeowner’s policies of individuals). Insurers frequently attempt to deny coverage by claiming hazing falls under “intentional act” or “criminal act” exclusions. However, experienced attorneys know how to demonstrate that, while hazing may have been intentional, the failure to supervise or prevent it was negligent, which is often covered. Overcoming these insurance denials is central to securing recovery.
• The Role of Our Firm: Attorney911, led by Ralph Manginello (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/), possesses the specific expertise required for these battles. Ralph’s experience in complex litigation against billion-dollar entities, such as his involvement in the BP Texas City explosion litigation, proves our capacity to not be intimidated. Lupe Peña’s background on the defense side provides an invaluable “insider advantage.” Our firm’s approach is not about quick settlements but thorough investigation and relentless pursuit of full accountability. We align our strategies to expose the common defenses (see Appendix B: Institutional & Organizational Defense Playbook) that institutions and fraternities use.

By meticulously gathering evidence, understanding the full scope of damages, and deploying a sophisticated legal strategy, Attorney911 works to ensure that those responsible for hazing are held accountable, and that victims and their families in Atascosa County and beyond receive the justice and compensation they deserve.

8. PRACTICAL GUIDES & FAQS

For families in Atascosa County, knowledge is the first line of defense against hazing. This section provides direct, actionable advice for parents and students, covering how to recognize hazing, respond effectively, and avoid critical mistakes that could jeopardize a potential legal claim.

8.1 For Parents: Recognizing & Responding to Hazing

Parents, your intuition often signals trouble long before concrete evidence appears. Remain vigilant for these warning signs:

• Warning Signs of Hazing:
  • Physical Changes: Unexplained bruises, cuts, or burns (especially if explanations seem flimsy); extreme fatigue or exhaustion; significant weight loss or gain; signs of sleep deprivation (e.g., constant late nights, calls at 3 AM, falling asleep in class). In severe cases like Leonel Bermudez’s, look for unusual symptoms like discolored urine, which can indicate serious internal damage.
  • Behavioral & Emotional Shifts: Sudden secrecy about organizational activities (“I can’t talk about it”); withdrawal from family or old friends; increased anxiety, irritability, depression, or anger. They may become overly defensive when asked about the group or express fear of “getting in trouble” or “letting the chapter down.”
  • Academic Red Flags: A sudden drop in grades, missed classes, or inability to focus due to mandatory “events” are serious indicators.
  • Financial Irregularities: Unexpected large expenses for the group, apparent “fines,” or frequent requests for money without clear explanation.
• How to Talk to Your Child:
  • Approach the conversation with empathy, not judgment. Start with open-ended questions like, “How are things going with your group? Are you enjoying it?”
  • Emphasize that their safety and well-being are your top priority, far above any group loyalty or campus status. Reassure them you will support them regardless of their decision.
  • Listen actively. If they hint at discomfort or danger, ask specific, gentle questions about activities that make them uneasy.
• If Your Child is Hurt or Admits to Hazing:
  • Seek Immediate Medical Care: Prioritize their health. Ensure medical providers are aware that injuries may be hazing-related and ask for all records. As Attorney911’s Ralph Manginello stated about Leonel Bermudez, “His urine was brown” – such medical details are crucial.
  • Document Everything Thoroughly: Write down dates, times, locations, names, and specific incidents. Screenshot all digital communications (group chats, texts, social media). Photograph any visible injuries, and consider keeping any physical items involved. This meticulous evidence collection is vital for any potential future action.
• Dealing with the University:
  • If engaging with university administrators, document every interaction. Ask pointed questions about the organization’s prior hazing history and the steps the university plans to take.
  • Remember, the university’s primary goal is often to protect its own reputation and legal standing, which may not align with your child’s best interests.
• When to Talk to a Lawyer:
  • If your child has suffered significant physical or psychological harm.
  • If you feel the university or organization is minimizing the incident or attempting a cover-up.
  • The sooner you consult with an experienced hazing attorney, the better. Evidence disappears quickly, and legal counsel can ensure your rights are protected.

8.2 For Students / Pledges: Self-Assessment & Safety Planning

Students, especially new members from Atascosa County transitioning to university life, often feel immense pressure to “fit in.” This desire can make it challenging to identify when “tradition” crosses into hazing.

• Is This Hazing or Just Tradition? Ask yourself: If I weren’t pledging, would I do this? If this activity were public, would my parents, professors, or the university approve? Do older members endure the same activities? Am I told to keep secrets or lie? If you feel unsafe, humiliated, coerced, or forced to drink or endure pain, it is hazing. Your gut feeling is a powerful indicator.
• Why “Consent” Isn’t the End of the Story: The law, particularly in Texas, acknowledges the power dynamics. Even if you “agreed” to a task, true consent is often impossible under peer pressure, fear of ostracism, or the threat of losing membership. You are not to blame for being hazed.
• Exiting and Reporting Safely:
  • If in immediate danger: Prioritize your life. Don’t worry about “trouble.” Call 911 or campus police. Get to a safe place immediately.
  • If you want to leave: You have the right to quit any organization at any time. Inform a trusted adult (parent, RA, academic advisor) first. Send a clear, concise text or email to the chapter stating you are resigning your membership, and then disengage. Do not attend “one last meeting” where you might be pressured or intimidated.
  • Good-faith reporting and amnesty: Texas law and many university policies (including UH’s, A&M’s, UT’s) offer amnesty or immunity for students who call for help in medical emergencies, even if underage drinking was involved. Your safety is more important than any rule violation.
• Evidence is critical: Attorney911 stresses the importance of using your cellphone to document a legal case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs). Screenshot everything, photograph injuries, and save any relevant items.

8.3 For Former Members / Witnesses: Breaking the Code of Silence

If you are a former member, an older student who observed hazing, or a current member experiencing remorse, your testimony can be powerful.

• Your Role in Preventing Harm: Acknowledge the potential guilt and fear of coming forward, but understand that your testimony can prevent others from being harmed or even dying. Your voice can be the turning point that saves a life by holding perpetrators accountable.
• Seeking Legal Counsel: Before speaking to university officials or law enforcement, consult an attorney. Your legal counsel can help you navigate your rights and obligations, minimizing your personal risk while facilitating the provision of crucial information. This is especially true if you fear personal liability.
• Protecting Yourself: If you decide to speak up, your attorney can advise you on how to do so safely and effectively, potentially preserving anonymity initially and helping to avoid retaliation from the organization.

8.4 Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

For families in Atascosa County and elsewhere in Texas, a hazing incident is already traumatic. It’s vital to avoid common missteps that can inadvertently weaken or destroy a potential legal claim for accountability. Ralph Manginello explicitly covers this in his video on client mistakes that can ruin your injury case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY).

1. Letting Your Child Delete Messages or “Clean Up” Evidence:
   • What parents think: “I don’t want them to get in more trouble, or for embarrassing things to come out.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Deleting evidence not only looks like a cover-up but can be considered spoliation of evidence, which can severely damage a case or even lead to accusations of obstruction. Digital communications (texts, group chats, social media) are the most critical evidence in modern hazing cases.
   • What to do instead: Preserve absolutely everything immediately. Screenshot all digital conversations, download all relevant photos/videos, and back them up securely. If your child is embarrassed, explain that this evidence is critical for holding perpetrators accountable.
2. Confronting the Fraternity/Sorority Directly:
   • What parents think: “I’m going to set them straight and demand answers.”
   • Why it’s wrong: While your anger is justified, a direct confrontation almost always leads to the organization immediately destroying evidence, coaching witnesses, coordinating alibis, and preparing their defense. It tips them off before you’ve had a chance to gather your own resources.
   • What to do instead: Document everything in private, then immediately contact Attorney911. We can advise you on the best strategic approach for communication.
3. Signing University “Release” or “Resolution” Forms Without Legal Review:
   • What universities might push: “Let us handle this internally; sign this document to resolve it.”
   • Why it’s wrong: These documents may contain clauses that waive your child’s right to pursue civil litigation or confidential agreements that bind you to silence for minimal compensation.
   • What to do instead: Do NOT sign any document from the university, national organization, or their insurers without having an experienced attorney review it first. Refer all such requests to your lawyer.
4. Posting Details on Social Media Before Talking to a Lawyer:
   • What families think: “I want to warn others, expose them, or rally support.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Anything posted online becomes permanent and can be used by defense attorneys to scrutinize your child’s character, create perceived inconsistencies in their story, or argue that public attention is your primary motivation, not justice. It can also compromise the integrity of an investigation.
   • What to do instead: Document privately. Share only with your attorney. Let your legal team guide public communication, if any.
5. Waiting “to see how the university handles it”:
   • What universities promise: “We have a process; trust us to investigate.”
   • Why it’s wrong: University investigations are internal, driven by policy violations, not criminal law or civil liability. Their goal is often to protect the institution. Evidence disappears rapidly, witnesses graduate, and the statute of limitations (covered in Ralph Manginello’s video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c) for filing a lawsuit can expire.
   • What to do instead: Preserve evidence immediately and contact Attorney911. We can run a parallel investigation and ensure your legal rights are protected while university processes unfold.
6. Talking to Insurance Adjusters Without a Lawyer:
   • What adjusters say: “We just need your statement to process the claim.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Insurance adjusters, even those who seem friendly, work for the insurance company. Their goal is to minimize payouts. Recorded statements can be twisted and used against you, and initial offers are almost always lowball.
   • What to do instead: Politely decline to provide a statement and inform them that all communication must go through your attorney.

8.5 Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
  Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities (like UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin) have some protections under sovereign immunity, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, state and federal constitutional violations, or specific federal laws like Title IX. Private universities (like SMU, Baylor) generally do not have sovereign immunity, making them more direct targets for negligence claims. Every case is fact-dependent, so contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.
• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
  It can be. While basic hazing is typically a Class B misdemeanor, it becomes a Class A misdemeanor if it causes bodily injury. Crucially, it escalates to a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Individuals (including officers) can also face misdemeanor charges for failing to report hazing or retaliating against a reporter.
• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
  Yes. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is NOT a defense to hazing. This acknowledges the inherent pressure and power imbalance in initiation rituals. The law views “consent” under such duress as invalid.
• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit in Texas?”
  Generally, most personal injury and wrongful death lawsuits in Texas have a two-year statute of limitations from the date of injury or death. However, this period can sometimes be extended under the “discovery rule” if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. Due to potential cover-ups and the rapid disappearance of evidence, time is critical. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately to discuss your specific timeline. For more information, please watch our video “Is There a Statute of Limitations on My Case?”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c.
• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
  The location does not negate liability. Universities and national organizations can still be held liable based on their sponsorship of the organization, their knowledge of off-campus activities, and the foreseeability of hazing. Many significant hazing cases, including the high-profile Pi Delta Psi incident (which involved a retreat in the Pocono Mountains), occurred off-campus and still resulted in severe legal consequences for all responsible parties.
• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
  Most hazing cases settle confidentially before going to trial. Our firm prioritizes your family’s privacy and works to achieve the best outcome while respecting your desire for discretion. We can pursue legal strategies that allow for claims to be resolved without extensive public exposure, though sometimes, a family’s decision to speak out can be a powerful tool for advocacy and prevention.

ABOUT THE MANGINELLO LAW FIRM + CALL TO ACTION

When your family in Atascosa County faces the profound trauma of hazing, you need more than just a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who intimately understand the complex web of university regulations, national fraternity politics, and the aggressive legal tactics employed by powerful institutions. You need a firm that knows how to build a case that forces accountability—and wins. That is precisely what The Manginello Law Firm / Attorney911 offers.

From our primary office in Houston, strategically located near many major Texas universities, we serve clients throughout the entire state, including families in Atascosa County and surrounding regions. We understand that hazing at Texas universities impacts families far beyond college towns, reaching into every community that sends its children to these institutions.

Why Attorney911 for Hazing Cases

Attorney911 brings unique and formidable qualifications to the fight against hazing, setting us apart in this specialized area of law:

• Insurance Insider Advantage with Lupe Peña: Our Associate Attorney, Lupe Peña, spent years as a defense attorney at a national firm, representing the very types of insurance companies that cover fraternities, universities, and their members. She knows their playbook inside and out. Lupe understands precisely how these insurers value (or undervalue) hazing claims, their delay tactics, their arguments for coverage exclusions, and their settlement strategies. Her expertise means we anticipate their moves and counter them effectively. As Lupe often says, “We know their playbook because we used to run it.”
• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions with Ralph Manginello: Our Managing Partner, Ralph Manginello, has a quarter-century of experience taking on and winning against billion-dollar entities. He was one of a select few Texas attorneys involved in the BP Texas City explosion litigation (you can find more about our firm’s experience in that area at https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/refinery-accident-lawyer/). This experience means we are not intimidated by national fraternities, multi-billion-dollar university systems, or their large legal teams. We have a proven track record of handling complex cases in federal court (U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas) and securing multi-million dollar results in wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases (learn more at https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/).
• Dual Criminal and Civil Hazing Expertise: Hazing often crosses the line from a campus rule violation into a criminal act. Ralph’s active membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) underscores our deep understanding of the criminal justice system. This dual expertise means we can expertly advise clients on how criminal hazing charges (against perpetrators or even potential witnesses) intersect with a civil lawsuit, providing comprehensive guidance under one roof. Our criminal defense capabilities are detailed at https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/.
• Unmatched Investigative Depth: Winning hazing cases demands more than just legal knowledge; it requires relentless investigation. We work with a network of top-tier experts, including digital forensics specialists to recover deleted messages and obscure online activity, medical professionals to interpret complex injuries like rhabdomyolysis, economists to calculate lifetime damages, and psychologists to assess emotional trauma. We know how to issue subpoenas that uncover hidden chapter records and how to navigate public records requests to reveal university actions or inactions. We investigate every case as if your child’s future, and the prevention of future tragedies, depends on it—because it does.
• Empathy and Relentless Advocacy: We recognize that facing hazing allegations is one of the most emotionally challenging experiences a family can endure. Our firm combines fierce advocacy with genuine empathy. We listen without judgment, prioritize your child’s well-being, and tirelessly pursue accountability, not just for monetary compensation, but for the institutional changes needed to prevent future harm.

Call to Action for Atascosa County Families

If you or your child, a student from Atascosa County, has experienced hazing at any Texas campus – be it the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or another institution – we want to hear from you. The pain, humiliation, and physical harm caused by hazing should not be suffered in silence. Families in Atascosa County and throughout the surrounding region have the right to answers, accountability, and justice.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm / Attorney911 for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We will provide a safe space to listen to what happened, explain your legal options without judgment, and help you understand the best path forward for your family. There is no pressure to retain our services during this initial conversation. What you share is strictly confidential, and our goal is to empower you with information.

What to expect in your free consultation:

• We will listen attentively to your story and the details of the incident.
• We will review any evidence you may have collected (photos, texts, medical records).
• We will explain your legal options under Texas law, including whether to pursue a criminal report, a civil lawsuit, both, or neither.
• We will discuss realistic timelines and the potential challenges and expectations for your case.
• We will answer your questions about legal costs, explaining our contingency fee basis – meaning we don’t get paid unless we win your case (learn more about how contingency fees work at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc).
• We prioritize your emotional well-being and are here to support you through this difficult process.

Whether you’re in Atascosa County, Houston, or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. Act quickly, as evidence disappears and legal deadlines can pass.

Contact Attorney911 today:

• Emergency Hotline: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct Line: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Website: https://attorney911.com
• Email: ralph@atty911.com
• Spanish Language Services: Hablamos Español. Contact Lupe Peña directly at lupe@atty911.com for consultation in Spanish.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com