Hazing in Texas: A Comprehensive Legal Guide for Caldwell Families

If Your Child Was Hazed at a Texas University, You’re Not Alone

We understand the fear and confusion that grips families in Caldwell, Burleson County, and across Central Texas when they discover their child has been hazed. That moment when your student calls home with vague complaints about “mandatory events,” when you notice unexplained injuries after a weekend visit, or when their personality changes—withdrawing from family, obsessed with phone notifications, exhausted beyond normal college stress—these are warning signs that something dangerous is happening. Right now, in our own state, we’re fighting one of the most serious hazing cases in Texas history, representing Leonel Bermudez against the University of Houston and Pi Kappa Phi’s Beta Nu chapter. This isn’t an abstract problem happening somewhere else; this is happening here, to Texas families like yours.

At The Manginello Law Firm, we serve families throughout Texas—from our Houston, Austin, and Beaumont offices to communities like Caldwell, Brenham, and across Burleson County. We’re known as Attorney911, the Legal Emergency Lawyers™, because when hazing injuries occur, families need immediate, experienced legal help. This comprehensive guide explains what hazing looks like in 2025, your legal rights under Texas law, and how we’re helping families right now hold fraternities, sororities, Corps programs, and universities accountable.

Immediate Help for Hazing Emergencies

If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

Call 911 for medical emergencies
Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

In the first 48 hours:

Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
- Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
- Photograph injuries from multiple angles
- Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
Do NOT:
- Confront the fraternity/sorority
- Sign anything from the university or insurance company
- Post details on public social media
- Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24-48 hours:

Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
Universities move quickly to control the narrative
We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

The Reality of Hazing in 2025: Beyond the Stereotypes

What Hazing Actually Looks Like Today

For Caldwell families sending children to Texas universities, understanding modern hazing is critical. What was once portrayed as harmless “initiation pranks” has evolved into systematic abuse that causes permanent injuries and deaths. Today’s hazing isn’t just about paddling or drinking games—it’s a calculated system of control, humiliation, and danger that operates through digital networks and psychological manipulation.

Alcohol and Substance Hazing Remain Deadly
The most common fatal hazing pattern continues to be forced alcohol consumption. At the University of Houston Pi Kappa Phi chapter, pledges were forced to consume milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting, then immediately ordered to perform sprints. This dangerous combination of forced consumption and extreme physical activity led to rhabdomyolysis—severe skeletal muscle breakdown—and acute kidney failure requiring hospitalization. Like many Caldwell families, Leonel Bermudez’s family never imagined their college student would face such medical catastrophe from what they thought was “normal” Greek life.

Digital Control and Psychological Manipulation
Modern hazing extends far beyond physical events. Today’s organizations use:

24/7 group chat monitoring where pledges must respond instantly to messages at all hours
Location tracking through Find My Friends or Snapchat Maps
Social media humiliation with forced posting of embarrassing content
Sleep deprivation via late-night “mandatory” meetings and early-morning workouts
Psychological isolation cutting off contact with non-members and family

Disguised as “Tradition” or “Team Building”
Organizations have become sophisticated at framing hazing as legitimate activities:

Extreme workouts labeled as “fitness challenges”
Humiliation framed as “character building”
Dangerous drinking games called “bonding experiences”
Off-campus retreats to avoid university oversight

Three Tiers of Hazing: Recognizing the Escalation

Tier 1: Subtle Hazing – Often dismissed as harmless but creates power imbalance

Mandatory servitude (driving members, cleaning, errands)
Social isolation from non-members
Constant phone monitoring requirements
“Optional” events that are actually mandatory

Tier 2: Harassment Hazing – Causes measurable harm

Verbal abuse and humiliation
Sleep and food deprivation
Forced physical activity beyond safe limits
Public embarrassment

Tier 3: Violent Hazing – High potential for serious injury or death

Forced alcohol/drug consumption
Physical beatings and paddling
Dangerous physical “tests”
Sexualized hazing and assault

The University of Houston Pi Kappa Phi case involved all three tiers: forced servitude (Tier 1), psychological manipulation and humiliation (Tier 2), and violent physical hazing leading to kidney failure (Tier 3). This progression demonstrates how organizations systematically escalate abuse.

Texas Hazing Law: What Caldwell Families Need to Know

Texas Education Code Chapter 37: Your Legal Protection

Under Texas law—which governs cases affecting Caldwell families—hazing is specifically defined and prohibited. Texas Education Code Chapter 37, Subchapter F provides clear legal standards:

§ 37.151 Definition of Hazing
Hazing means any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, directed against a student that:

Endangers mental or physical health or safety, AND
Occurs for purposes of pledging, initiation, affiliation, holding office, or maintaining membership

Key protections for Texas families:

Location doesn’t matter: Hazing occurring off-campus is still illegal
Consent is NOT a defense: Even if your child “agreed,” it’s still hazing
Mental and physical harm both count: Psychological trauma is legally recognized
Reckless conduct qualifies: They don’t need to intend harm—just be reckless about risk

§ 37.152 Criminal Penalties

Class B Misdemeanor: Basic hazing (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine)
Class A Misdemeanor: Hazing causing injury requiring medical treatment
State Jail Felony: Hazing causing serious bodily injury or death
Additional crimes: Failure to report hazing, retaliation against reporters

§ 37.155 Consent Not a Defense
This critical provision states: “It is not a defense to prosecution that the person against whom the hazing was directed consented to or acquiesced in the hazing activity.” This directly addresses the common defense that “your child agreed to participate.”

Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Understanding Both Paths

Criminal Cases

Brought by the state (district attorney)
Aim: Punishment through jail, fines, probation
Typical charges: Hazing, assault, furnishing alcohol to minors, manslaughter in fatal cases
Important: A criminal conviction is NOT required to pursue civil justice

Civil Cases

Brought by victims and families
Aim: Compensation for damages and institutional accountability
Focus: Negligence, wrongful death, negligent supervision, emotional distress
Can proceed even if no criminal charges are filed

Many Caldwell families pursue both tracks simultaneously. The criminal case provides public accountability, while the civil case addresses the financial and emotional devastation hazing causes.

Federal Overlay: Additional Protections

Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024)
This federal law requires colleges receiving federal aid to:

Report hazing incidents more transparently
Strengthen hazing prevention programs
Maintain public hazing data (phasing in through 2026)
This means universities like Texas A&M, UT Austin, and Baylor must improve tracking and prevention

Title IX and Clery Act Protections
When hazing involves sexual harassment, assault, or gender-based hostility, additional federal protections apply:

Title IX requires universities to investigate and address gender-based harassment
Clery Act mandates reporting of certain crimes and safety statistics
These federal laws can provide additional legal leverage against universities

Who Can Be Held Liable in Texas Hazing Cases

The Complete Defendant Universe

In our University of Houston Pi Kappa Phi case, we’re holding 17 different defendants accountable. This comprehensive approach ensures full compensation and institutional change. For Caldwell families, understanding who can be liable is critical:

1. Individual Students

Those who planned, executed, or covered up hazing
Chapter officers with supervisory responsibility
Active participants who enabled or encouraged abuse

2. Local Chapter Entities

The fraternity/sorority chapter itself (if incorporated)
Housing corporations that own chapter properties
Alumni boards that supervise chapter activities

3. National Organizations

Headquarters that set policies and collect dues
Nationals that failed to supervise despite prior incidents
Organizations that provide insurance and risk management “guidance”

4. Universities and Governing Boards

Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) under certain exceptions to sovereign immunity
Private universities (SMU, Baylor) with fewer immunity protections
Individual administrators in personal capacity

5. Third Parties

Property owners who allowed hazing on their premises
Alcohol providers under dram shop laws
Security companies that failed to protect students

Why Nationals and Universities Face Liability

National Fraternities/Sororities: The “We Didn’t Know” Defense Fails
National organizations often claim they had no idea about local chapter conduct. However, our investigation strategies prove otherwise:

Pattern evidence: When multiple chapters of the same national engage in similar hazing, nationals have constructive knowledge
Prior incidents: We subpoena national records showing previous complaints
Policy vs. practice: Nationals often have extensive anti-hazing manuals precisely because they know the risks
Financial control: Nationals collect dues, provide insurance, and maintain oversight relationships

Universities: Beyond “It Happened Off-Campus”
Texas universities argue they can’t control off-campus conduct, but liability arises from:

Sponsorship: Recognizing and regulating Greek organizations
Prior knowledge: Previous incidents they failed to address adequately
Deliberate indifference: Knowing about risks and failing to act
Title IX obligations: When hazing involves gender-based harassment

National Hazing Case Patterns: Lessons for Texas Families

The Alcohol Poisoning Pattern: Multiple Fatal Examples

Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

What happened: 20-year-old pledge forced to consume entire bottle of alcohol during “Big/Little” night
Medical outcome: Died from alcohol poisoning
Legal outcome: Multiple criminal convictions; $10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU)
Texas relevance: Pi Kappa Alpha has chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

Max Gruver – LSU, Phi Delta Theta (2017)

What happened: Pledge forced to participate in “Bible study” drinking game; incorrect answers = forced drinking
Medical outcome: Died from alcohol toxicity (BAC 0.495%)
Legal outcome: Multiple convictions; Louisiana enacted Max Gruver Act (felony hazing statute)
Texas relevance: Phi Delta Theta has chapters throughout Texas

Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017)

What happened: Pledge died from acute alcohol poisoning during “Big Brother Night”
Medical outcome: Death from alcohol poisoning
Legal outcome: Multiple prosecutions; FSU temporarily suspended all Greek life
Texas relevance: Same national organization involved in UH case

Physical and Ritualized Hazing: Beyond Alcohol

Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013)

What happened: Pledge blindfolded, weighted with backpack, repeatedly tackled during “glass ceiling” ritual
Medical outcome: Fatal traumatic brain injury; delayed 911 call
Legal outcome: Multiple convictions; national fraternity convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter; banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years
Texas relevance: Shows off-campus “retreats” don’t eliminate liability

Danny Santulli – University of Missouri, Phi Gamma Delta (2021)

What happened: 18-year-old pledge forced to consume excessive alcohol during “pledge dad reveal”
Medical outcome: Severe, permanent brain damage (cannot walk, talk, or see; requires 24/7 care)
Legal outcome: Multiple criminal charges; settlements with 22 defendants
Texas relevance: Non-fatal catastrophic injuries require lifetime care costing millions

Athletic Program Hazing: Not Just Greek Life

Northwestern University Football (2023-2025)

What happened: Former players alleged widespread sexualized and racist hazing within football program
Legal outcome: Multiple lawsuits; head coach fired; confidential settlements
Texas relevance: Major athletic programs at Texas schools face similar risks

Western Kentucky University Swim Team (2012-2015)

What happened: Investigation revealed hazing including verbal/physical abuse
Legal outcome: Program suspended for five years; $75,000 settlement with former member
Texas relevance: All student organizations can harbor hazing culture

What These Cases Mean for Caldwell Families

These national cases establish critical precedents that benefit Texas families:

Pattern evidence matters: When organizations repeat known dangerous practices, liability increases
Off-campus location irrelevant: Courts hold organizations accountable regardless of venue
National organizations can be criminally convicted: Pi Delta Psi’s conviction shows organizational criminal liability
Universities face significant settlements: BGSU’s $3M settlement demonstrates institutional accountability
Non-fatal injuries bring substantial compensation: Danny Santulli’s case shows catastrophic injury values

Texas University Focus: Where Caldwell Families Send Their Kids

Understanding Your Child’s Campus Environment

Caldwell families typically send children to regional campuses and major Texas universities. Burleson County students attend Blinn College, Texas A&M University, Sam Houston State University, and other institutions throughout Central Texas and beyond. Each campus has unique Greek life and organizational cultures that parents need to understand.

University of Houston: Urban Campus, Systemic Issues

For Caldwell Families: UH is approximately 90 minutes from Caldwell, making it accessible for many Burleson County students. The university’s large commuter population creates unique Greek dynamics.

Current Active Case: Leonel Bermudez v. UH & Pi Kappa Phi
We’re currently representing Leonel Bermudez in a $10 million hazing lawsuit against:

University of Houston
UH System Board of Regents
Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters
Beta Nu housing corporation
10 individual fraternity leaders/members

Documented Hazing Conduct:

“Pledge fanny pack” rule with degrading contents (condoms, sex toy, nicotine devices)
Enforced dress codes, hours-long “study/work” blocks, weekly interviews
Overnight/late-night driving duties for members
Extreme physical hazing:
- Sprints, bear crawls, wheelbarrow races, “save-your-brother” drills
- Cold-weather exposure in underwear
- Lying in vomit-soaked grass
- Being sprayed in the face with a hose “similar to waterboarding”
- Forced consumption of milk, hot dogs, peppercorns until vomiting, then repeated sprints
- The Nov 3 workout: 100+ push-ups, 500 squats under threat of expulsion
Additional violent acts:
- Another pledge hog-tied face-down on a table with an object in his mouth for over an hour
- Pledge losing consciousness during early-morning workouts at Yellowstone Park

Medical Catastrophe:

Bermudez developed rhabdomyolysis (severe skeletal muscle breakdown)
Acute kidney failure requiring hospitalization
Passed brown urine, couldn’t stand without help
Four-day hospitalization with critically high creatine kinase levels
Ongoing risk of permanent kidney damage

Institutional Response:

Nov 6, 2025: Pi Kappa Phi HQ suspends Beta Nu chapter
Nov 14, 2025: Chapter members vote to surrender their charter; chapter shut down
UH labels conduct “deeply disturbing”, promises disciplinary measures up to expulsion
UH credits Pi Kappa Phi HQ for “decisive action”

Why This Matters for Caldwell Families:

Active Texas litigation: We’re fighting this case right now
Comprehensive defendant approach: Holding all responsible parties accountable
Medical evidence preservation: Documenting lifelong injury consequences
Institutional pattern evidence: Showing systemic failures

Previous UH Incidents:

2016 Pi Kappa Alpha case: Pledge suffered lacerated spleen after being slammed onto table; chapter faced misdemeanor charges and suspension
Multiple fraternity suspensions for alcohol misuse and policy violations
Ongoing pattern of conduct violations requiring university intervention

Texas A&M University: Corps Culture and Greek Life

For Caldwell Families: Located approximately 45 minutes from Caldwell, Texas A&M is a common choice for Burleson County students. The university’s Corps of Cadets and extensive Greek life create multiple potential hazing environments.

Documented Corps of Cadets Issues:

2023 Lawsuit: Cadet alleged degrading hazing including simulated sexual acts and being bound between beds in “roasted pig” pose with apple in mouth
Sought over $1 million in damages
Texas A&M stated it handled matter under its rules
Highlights unique risks in military-style organizations

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Chemical Burns Case (2021):

Two pledges alleged forced strenuous activity
Substances including industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, spit poured on them
Caused severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries
Pledges sued fraternity for $1 million
Fraternity suspended for two years by university

Greek Life Environment:

60+ fraternities and sororities
Active Interfraternity Council and Panhellenic Council
Multiple multicultural and NPHC organizations
History of disciplinary actions for hazing violations

What Caldwell Parents Should Know:

Corps and Greek overlap: Many students participate in both
Off-campus hazing locations: Numerous properties in Bryan/College Station
University transparency: Varying levels of public reporting
Regional hospital access: Where injured students receive treatment

Baylor University: Private Institution Challenges

For Caldwell Families: Located approximately 90 minutes from Caldwell, Baylor’s religious identity and Greek life present unique considerations for Burleson County families.

Documented Incidents:

2020 Baseball Hazing: 14 players suspended following hazing investigation
Staggered suspensions throughout early season
University statements emphasized “zero tolerance”
Highlights hazing beyond Greek organizations

Greek Life Context:

Active Panhellenic sororities and IFC fraternities
Multiple NPHC organizations
Religious identity influencing organizational culture
Prior Title IX scandals affecting institutional oversight

Unique Considerations:

Private university status: Different legal standards than public institutions
Religious branding: May affect reporting and institutional response
Greek life integration: With religious campus culture
Medical resources: Waco hospital systems where injured students receive care

Southern Methodist University: Affluent Greek Culture

For Caldwell Families: While farther from Caldwell (approximately 3 hours), SMU attracts Texas students seeking private education with strong Greek systems.

Documented Issues:

Kappa Alpha Order incident (2017): New members paddled, forced to drink, sleep deprived
Chapter suspended; restrictions on recruiting until around 2021
Pattern of alcohol-related incidents
Ongoing disciplinary actions

Greek Life Environment:

Prominent Panhellenic sororities and IFC fraternities
Affluent student population influencing organizational dynamics
Multiple NPHC organizations
Private university with varying transparency

Considerations for Texas Families:

Geographic distance: Affects family involvement and monitoring
Private institution resources: Legal and medical response systems
Dallas medical facilities: Where seriously injured students receive treatment
Alumni network influence: On organizational conduct and university response

University of Texas at Austin: Transparency and Patterns

For Caldwell Families: Approximately 2 hours from Caldwell, UT Austin represents a major university destination with extensive Greek life and public transparency.

Public Hazing Violations Page:
UT maintains one of Texas’s most transparent hazing reporting systems at hazing.utexas.edu, documenting:

Organization names
Incident dates
Conduct descriptions
Sanctions imposed

Documented Violations Include:

Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): New members directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics
Chapter placed on probation with hazing-prevention education required
Sigma Alpha Epsilon assault case (2024): Australian exchange student allegedly assaulted
Injuries included dislocated leg, broken ligaments, fractured tibia, broken nose
Student sued for over $1 million; chapter already under suspension
Multiple spirit organizations: Sanctioned for forced workouts and alcohol-related hazing

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pattern at UT:

Chapter repeatedly sanctioned for hazing/safety violations
2024 assault case involving international student
Demonstrates organizations continuing dangerous conduct despite prior discipline

What UT’s Transparency Means for Families:

Public record of violations: Can show pattern evidence in litigation
Prior notice to university: Establishes institutional knowledge
Inadequate response evidence: When violations continue despite sanctions
Geographic considerations: Austin hospitals and legal venues

The Texas Greek Ecosystem: Organizations Behind the Letters

Why National Histories Matter for Caldwell Families

When your child joins a fraternity or sorority at a Texas university, they’re not just joining a local club—they’re becoming part of a national organization with decades of history, including hazing incidents across the country. This history matters because:

Legal Principle of Foreseeability
If a national organization has seen the same dangerous conduct cause injuries or deaths at other chapters, they can’t claim “we didn’t know this could happen” when it occurs at a Texas chapter. This foreseeability strengthens negligence claims and supports punitive damages.

Pattern Evidence in Litigation
We use national incident histories to show:

The organization knew specific rituals were dangerous
Previous warnings and sanctions were inadequate
The conduct wasn’t “rogue individuals” but part of organizational culture

Major National Organizations with Texas Chapters

Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) – Documented Pattern

Stone Foltz death (2021): $10 million settlement
David Bogenberger death (2012): $14 million settlement
UH incident (2016): Pledge with lacerated spleen
UT Austin violation (2023): Milk consumption and calisthenics hazing
Frozenship chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) – Multiple Texas Incidents

Texas A&M chemical burns (2021): $1 million lawsuit, skin grafts required
UT Austin assault (2024): International student with multiple fractures
University of Alabama TBI case (2023): Traumatic brain injury lawsuit
Multiple alcohol-related deaths nationally
Frozenship chapters throughout Texas

Pi Kappa Phi – Current UH Litigation

Andrew Coffey death (2017): Florida State University
Leonel Bermudez injury (2025): UH case we’re currently litigating
National organization named in $10 million lawsuit
Frozenship chapters at multiple Texas schools

Phi Delta Theta – Legislative Impact

Max Gruver death (2017): LSU drinking game
Louisiana Max Gruver Act: Created felony hazing statute
Pattern of alcohol-related incidents nationally
Frozenship Texas chapters

The Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine: How We Investigate

For Caldwell families, understanding how we uncover organizational liability is crucial. We maintain what we call the Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine—a comprehensive database of Greek organizations across Texas built from public records:

IRS B83 Texas Organizations Database

125+ Texas-registered Greek entities with EINs and addresses
Includes house corporations, alumni chapters, honor societies
Provides legal names and mailing addresses for service of process

Texas Universities Directory

96 campuses across Texas with city/county locations
Understanding where organizations operate
Campus-specific Greek life patterns

Metro Organization Tracking

1,423 Greek-related organizations across 25 Texas metros
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land Metro: 188 organizations
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington Metro: 510 organizations
Austin-Round Rock Metro: 154 organizations

Cross-Validated Brand Analysis

Organizations appearing in multiple data sources
Shows national brands operating across Texas
Establishes organizational footprint and resources

What This Means for Your Case

When we take a hazing case for a Caldwell family, we don’t start from zero. We already know:

Legal entity names for local chapters and housing corporations
National organization structures and insurance arrangements
Prior incident patterns at Texas and national levels
University disciplinary histories for specific organizations
Geographic relationships between chapters across Texas

This investigative depth means we can immediately begin building your case while other firms are still figuring out who to sue.

Building Your Hazing Case: Evidence, Strategy, and Recovery

Critical Evidence That Wins Cases

Digital Evidence (Most Important Category)

Group chats: GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, fraternity apps
Social media: Instagram DMs, Snapchat, TikTok, Facebook
Photos/videos: Content filmed during events, security camera footage
Recovered messages: Digital forensics can retrieve deleted content
Location data: GPS information from phones and apps

Medical Documentation

Emergency room and hospitalization records
Lab results (blood alcohol, kidney function, toxicology)
Imaging studies (X-rays, CT scans, MRIs)
Specialist evaluations and treatment plans
Psychological assessments for PTSD, depression, anxiety

Organizational Records

Pledge manuals and initiation scripts
Chapter meeting minutes and emails
National policies and training materials
University conduct files and incident reports
Insurance policies and risk management documents

Witness Information

Other pledges and new members
Former members who quit or were expelled
Roommates and friends who observed changes
Medical personnel who treated injuries
University staff who received reports

The Evidence Preservation Race

Hazing cases face immediate evidence destruction:

Group chats deleted within hours
Photos/videos erased from phones and cloud storage
Witnesses coached on what to say
Physical evidence destroyed (paddles, clothing, bottles)
University records become difficult to obtain

This is why Caldwell families must act quickly. Our immediate intervention includes:

Evidence preservation letters to prevent destruction
Digital forensics requests before deletion
Witness interviews before coaching occurs
Medical record collection establishing injury patterns
Public records requests for university files

Damages: What Families Can Recover

Economic Damages (Quantifiable Losses)

Medical expenses: Past and future care, including:
- Emergency treatment and hospitalization
- Specialist consultations and therapy
- Medications and medical equipment
- Life care plans for catastrophic injuries
Lost income and earning capacity:
- Current lost wages for victim/parents
- Diminished future earning ability
- Educational disruptions and tuition losses
Other economic losses:
- Property damage
- Relocation expenses
- Funeral and burial costs (wrongful death)

Non-Economic Damages (Compensating Harm)

Physical pain and suffering
Emotional distress and psychological harm:
- PTSD, depression, anxiety diagnoses
- Humiliation, loss of dignity, trauma
- Loss of enjoyment of life
Reputational harm from public disclosure

Wrongful Death Damages

Economic losses: Funeral costs, lost financial support
Non-economic losses: Loss of companionship, grief, emotional suffering

Punitive Damages (When Available)

Punish especially reckless or malicious conduct
Deter future hazing
Available when defendants show conscious indifference

Settlement vs. Trial: Realistic Expectations

Most Cases Settle Confidentially

Avoids public trial exposure for victims
Provides faster resolution
Reduces litigation costs and stress
Allows creative remedies (policy changes, education programs)

When Trials Occur

Defendants refuse reasonable settlement offers
Public accountability is priority
Establishing legal precedent is important
Case involves particularly egregious conduct

Our Philosophy for Caldwell Families
We prepare every case as if it’s going to trial because:

Trial readiness improves settlement value
Defendants settle more fairly when they know we’re prepared
Jury verdicts can exceed settlements in appropriate cases
Public trials drive institutional change

Practical Guidance for Caldwell Families

For Parents: Recognizing and Responding to Hazing

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Being Hazed

Physical indicators: Unexplained bruises, burns, cuts, or injuries
Behavioral changes: Sudden secrecy, withdrawal, personality shifts
Academic red flags: Grades dropping, missing classes, falling asleep
Financial concerns: Unexplained expenses, requests for money
Digital behavior: Constant phone monitoring, anxiety about messages

Questions to Ask (Non-Confrontationally)

“How are things going with [organization]? Are you enjoying it?”
“Have they been respectful of your time for classes and sleep?”
“What do they ask you to do as a new member?”
“Is there anything that makes you uncomfortable?”
“Do you feel like you can leave if you want to?”

48-Hour Action Checklist

HOUR 1-6 (IMMEDIATE CRISIS):
✅ Medical: If injured or intoxicated, get to ER immediately
✅ Safety: Remove child from dangerous situation
✅ Evidence: Screenshot any messages; photograph injuries
✅ Notes: Write down everything they tell you
✅ Call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate guidance

HOUR 6-24 (EVIDENCE PRESERVATION):
✅ Digital: Preserve all group chats, DMs, texts (do NOT delete)
✅ Physical: Secure clothing, receipts, objects
✅ Medical records: Request copies of all ER/hospital records
✅ Witnesses: Document names and contact information
✅ University: Note any school communications but don’t respond yet

HOUR 24-48 (STRATEGIC DECISIONS):
✅ Legal consultation: Speak with experienced hazing attorney
✅ Reporting decision: Decide whether/how to report
✅ University response: Refer school to your attorney
✅ Insurance: Don’t talk to adjusters without lawyer
✅ Evidence backup: Upload everything to cloud storage

For Students: Self-Protection and Safe Exit

Is This Hazing? Decision Guide

Am I being forced or pressured to do something unsafe?
Would I do this if I had a real choice without consequences?
Is this activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal?
Am I being told to keep secrets or lie about it?
Are older members exempt from what they make new members do?

How to Exit Safely

Immediate danger: Call 911 or campus police
Safe location: Go to dorm, friend’s place, or public area
Formal resignation: Email/text chapter president: “I resign effective immediately”
Avoid “one last meeting”: Don’t attend where pressure/retaliation might occur
Document everything: Save evidence of any threats or harassment

Your Legal Rights in Texas

Good-faith reporter immunity: You won’t be punished for calling 911 in emergency
Consent isn’t defense: Even if you “agreed,” hazing is still illegal
Civil lawsuit option: You can seek damages even without criminal charges
No-contact orders: Available through university if harassed after reporting

Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

1. Deleting Evidence

What families think: “I don’t want them to get in more trouble”
Why it’s wrong: Looks like cover-up; can be obstruction of justice
Correct action: Preserve everything immediately, even embarrassing content

2. Confronting the Organization Directly

What families think: “I’ll give them a piece of my mind”
Why it’s wrong: They immediately lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses
Correct action: Document everything, call lawyer before any confrontation

3. Signing University Agreements Without Review

What universities do: Pressure families to sign waivers or “internal resolution” forms
Why it’s wrong: May waive right to sue; settlements often below case value
Correct action: Do NOT sign anything without attorney review

4. Social Media Posts Before Consulting Lawyer

What families think: “I want people to know what happened”
Why it’s wrong: Defense attorneys screenshot everything; inconsistencies hurt credibility
Correct action: Document privately; let lawyer control public messaging

5. Waiting “To See How University Handles It”

What universities promise: “We’re investigating; let us handle this internally”
Why it’s wrong: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, statute runs
Correct action: Preserve evidence NOW; consult lawyer immediately

Why Choose The Manginello Law Firm for Your Hazing Case

Our Unique Qualifications for Texas Hazing Litigation

When your Caldwell family faces a hazing crisis, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. Here’s why Texas families trust us:

Insurance Insider Advantage
Our associate attorney Mr. Lupe Peña spent years as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm. He knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies:

Value (and undervalue) hazing claims
Use delay tactics to pressure families
Fight coverage under policy exclusions
Deploy Independent Medical Exams to reduce settlements
“We know their playbook because we used to run it.”

Complex Institutional Litigation Experience
Managing partner Ralph Manginello brings unparalleled experience against massive defendants:

BP Texas City explosion litigation: One of few Texas firms involved
Federal court expertise: Admitted to U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas
25+ years of practice handling catastrophic injury cases
Not intimidated by national fraternities, universities, or their defense teams
“We’ve taken on billion-dollar corporations and won.”

Multi-Million Dollar Results

Wrongful death settlements valuing young lives appropriately
Catastrophic injury recoveries funding lifetime care needs
Economist collaboration for accurate damage calculations
Proven track record against well-funded institutional defendants

Dual Civil/Criminal Capability
and deeply involved in Texas hazing litigation nationwide.

HCCLA membership: Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association credentials
Understanding of criminal hazing charges and penalties
Advising witnesses with dual exposure
Navigating parallel proceedings when criminal charges exist

Investigative Depth and Resources

Digital forensics experts recovering deleted messages
Medical specialists documenting injury causation and prognosis
Greek life culture experts explaining organizational dynamics
Economists and life care planners quantifying damages
Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine with organizational data

Spanish-Language Services

Mr. Peña speaks fluent Spanish
Serving Hispanic families throughout Texas
Cultural understanding of diverse communities
Accessible legal support for all families

Our Approach: Empathy Meets Aggressive Advocacy

We understand this is one of the hardest things a family can face. Our approach balances:

Compassionate Client Care

Listening without judgment to your story
Protecting your family’s privacy throughout the process
Regular communication and updates on your case
Emotional support referrals when needed

Aggressive Legal Strategy

Immediate evidence preservation and investigation
Comprehensive defendant identification
Strategic use of public records and discovery
Trial preparation from day one
Maximum leverage for fair settlement or verdict

Commitment to Accountability and Prevention

Pursuing policy changes as part of resolutions
Supporting hazing prevention education
Honoring victims through advocacy
“Our job is to get you answers, hold the right people accountable, and help prevent this from happening to another family.”

Call to Action for Caldwell Families

You Don’t Have to Face This Alone

If you or your child experienced hazing at any Texas campus—whether it’s Texas A&M, Blinn College, Sam Houston State, or any other institution—we want to hear from you. Families in Caldwell, Burleson County, and throughout Central Texas have the right to answers and accountability.

What to Expect in Your Free Consultation

When you contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation, here’s what happens:

We Listen Without Judgment
- Hear your complete story
- Understand your family’s specific situation
- Answer your immediate questions
Evidence Review and Case Assessment
- Review any evidence you’ve preserved (photos, texts, medical records)
- Explain your legal options clearly
- Provide realistic assessment of your case
Clear Explanation of Your Rights
- Texas hazing law applications
- Criminal vs. civil options
- University reporting considerations
- Statute of limitations deadlines
Transparent Discussion of Process and Costs
- Contingency fee basis: We don’t get paid unless we win
- Realistic timelines and expectations
- What to expect from the legal process
- Our communication commitment to your family
No Pressure Decision Making
- Take time to discuss with your family
- No obligation to hire us immediately
- Everything you tell us is confidential
- We respect your decision either way

Immediate Contact Information

For Immediate Legal Emergencies:

24/7 Crisis Line: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct Office: (713) 528-9070
Cell: (713) 443-4781

Online Contact:

Website: https://attorney911.com
Email Ralph Manginello: ralph@atty911.com
Email Lupe Peña: lupe@atty911.com

Spanish Language Services:

Hablamos Español – Contact Mr. Peña for consultation in Spanish
Servicios legales en español disponibles

Serving All of Texas from Multiple Locations

While we’re based in Houston, we serve families throughout Texas:

Houston Office: Primary location for Harris County and Southeast Texas
Austin Office: Serving Central Texas including Caldwell and Burleson County
Beaumont Office: Golden Triangle and East Texas representation

Geographic Reach:

Local representation for cases in Harris, Travis, Jefferson counties
Co-counsel arrangements for cases throughout Texas
Consultation services for families anywhere in the state
Federal court admission for multi-jurisdictional cases

Frequently Asked Questions for Texas Families

“Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have some sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individuals in personal capacity. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. Every case depends on specific facts—contact us at 1-888-ATTY-911 for case-specific analysis.

“Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
It can be. Texas law classifies hazing as a Class B misdemeanor by default, but it becomes a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Individual officers can also face charges for failing to report hazing.

“Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
Yes. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. Courts recognize that “consent” under peer pressure, power imbalance, and fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent.

“How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit?”
Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas, but the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. In cases involving cover-ups or fraud, the statute may be tolled (paused). Time is critical—evidence disappears, witnesses forget, and organizations destroy records. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately.

“What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, knowledge, and foreseeability. Many major hazing cases (Pi Delta Psi retreat, Sigma Pi unofficial house) occurred off-campus and still resulted in multi-million-dollar judgments.

“Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. You can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability.

“How much will this cost our family?”
We work on a contingency fee basis for hazing cases. This means:

No upfront costs for legal representation
No hourly bills or retainer requirements
We only get paid if we recover compensation for you
Case expenses are advanced by our firm and repaid from recovery
Free initial consultation to evaluate your case

“What if my child was drinking underage during the hazing?”
Texas law provides good-faith reporter immunity for those who seek medical help in emergencies, even if underage drinking was involved. This protection encourages calling 911 without fear of minor alcohol violations. The hazing itself remains illegal regardless of the victim’s alcohol consumption.

“Can we sue individual fraternity members?”
Yes. Individual students who planned, participated in, or covered up hazing can be held personally liable. This includes chapter officers with supervisory responsibility. Personal liability can be important when organizational insurance coverage is disputed.

“What if the fraternity chapter has already been shut down?”
Chapter closure doesn’t eliminate liability. National organizations, housing corporations, alumni associations, and individual members remain potentially liable. We investigate all connected entities to ensure full accountability.

Final Thoughts for Caldwell Families

Hazing isn’t “boys will be boys” or “harmless tradition.” It’s systematic abuse that destroys lives, ends promising futures, and devastates families. The University of Houston Pi Kappa Phi case we’re currently litigating shows how quickly “normal” pledging can turn into life-threatening medical emergencies.

As Texas parents ourselves, we understand the trust you place in universities to protect your children. When that trust is broken through hazing, you need advocates who understand both the legal complexities and the human tragedy.

Whether you’re in Caldwell, Brenham, Somerville, or anywhere across Burleson County and Central Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. The institutions involved have experienced lawyers and insurance companies protecting their interests. You deserve the same level of representation fighting for your family.

Take the first step toward accountability today. Call us at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a confidential consultation. Let us help you understand your rights, preserve critical evidence, and begin the journey toward justice for your child and your family.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com