The Definitive Guide to Hazing Lawsuits & Accountability for East Mountain, Texas Families

When Your Child Is Hurt by Campus Hazing: What Every East Mountain Parent Needs to Know

You sent your child to college with pride and hope. They made new friends, joined a campus organization, and were building their future. Then the phone call comes—or worse, the silence, the distance, the unexplained injuries. Your child is different now, withdrawn, afraid, or physically harmed. You suspect something terrible has happened within a fraternity, sorority, or campus group, but you don’t know where to turn, who to trust, or what rights your family has in East Mountain and across Texas.

At The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC (Attorney911), we’ve seen this nightmare unfold too many times. Right now, we’re fighting one of the most serious hazing cases in Texas history—representing Leonel Bermudez in his $10 million lawsuit against the University of Houston, Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters, and 13 individual fraternity leaders. What happened to Leonel represents exactly what East Mountain families fear most: systemic abuse disguised as tradition, institutional failure, and a young life forever changed.

This comprehensive guide exists for one reason: to give East Mountain families the knowledge, resources, and clarity they need when facing the unthinkable. Whether your child attends school here in East Texas at nearby institutions like UT Tyler or Stephen F. Austin State University, or has ventured to major hubs like Texas A&M, UT Austin, or the University of Houston, the dangers are real. We’ll walk you through exactly what hazing looks like in 2025, how Texas law protects victims, what national patterns tell us about accountability, and what steps to take immediately to protect your child and seek justice.

Immediate Help for Hazing Emergencies in East Mountain

If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

Call 911 for medical emergencies—this is always the first priority
Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911) for immediate legal guidance
We provide 24/7 emergency response—that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

In the first 48 hours—critical evidence preservation:

Get medical attention immediately, even if injuries seem minor or your child resists
Preserve digital evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
- Screenshot group chats (GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage), texts, and social media DMs
- Photograph injuries from multiple angles with good lighting
- Save physical items (damaged clothing, receipts for forced purchases, objects used in hazing)
Document everything: Write down names, dates, locations, and what happened while memories are fresh
Do NOT:
- Confront the fraternity, sorority, or campus organization directly
- Sign anything from the university or insurance company
- Post details on public social media
- Allow your child to delete messages or “clean up” their phone

Contact an experienced Texas hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

Evidence disappears rapidly—deleted group chats, destroyed physical evidence, coached witnesses
Universities often move quickly to control narratives and minimize liability
We can help preserve critical evidence and protect your child’s rights immediately
Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate, confidential consultation

What Hazing Really Looks Like in 2025: Beyond the Stereotypes

Many East Mountain parents grew up with hazing stereotypes—harmless pranks, silly traditions, “boys will be boys” behavior. Today’s reality is different, more dangerous, and often deliberately hidden from view. Hazing has evolved into sophisticated, psychologically manipulative, and physically dangerous practices that can cause permanent injury or death.

The Modern Hazing Definition

Hazing is any intentional, knowing, or reckless act directed against a student for the purpose of initiation, affiliation, or maintaining membership in any organization. Under Texas law (Education Code Chapter 37), this includes actions that endanger mental or physical health or safety, whether they occur on-campus or off-campus.

Key elements East Mountain families should understand:

“Consent” is not a defense: Even if your child “agreed” to participate, it’s still hazing when there’s peer pressure, power imbalance, or fear of exclusion
Location doesn’t matter: Hazing at an off-campus house, Airbnb, or remote retreat is just as illegal as hazing in a campus facility
Mental harm counts: Psychological abuse, humiliation, and emotional distress qualify as hazing under Texas law
It’s not just fraternities: Sororities, athletic teams, Corps programs, spirit groups, marching bands, and academic organizations all have documented hazing incidents

Main Categories of Modern Hazing

Alcohol and Substance Hazing

Forced or coerced drinking games (“lineups,” “century club,” “Big/Little nights”)
Pressure to consume dangerous amounts of alcohol in short periods
Coerced use of drugs or unknown substances
Example from our current case: Leonel Bermudez was forced to consume milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting, then immediately forced to run sprints

Physical Hazing and Endurance Tests

Extreme calisthenics (“smokings”) far beyond normal conditioning—100+ push-ups, 500+ squats
Paddling, beating, or physical strikes
Sleep deprivation through all-night “study sessions” or late-night tasks
Exposure to extreme temperatures (forced outside in cold weather, locked in hot spaces)
Food/water deprivation as punishment
Example from our current case: Another pledge was hog-tied face-down on a table with an object in his mouth for over an hour while Pi Kappa Phi members prepared for a meeting

Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing

Forced nudity or partial nudity
Simulated sexual acts or degrading positions
Racist, sexist, or homophobic role-playing
Public humiliation in person or on social media
Example from our current case: Pledges were required to carry “pledge fanny packs” 24/7 containing condoms, sex toys, nicotine devices, and other humiliating items

Psychological and Digital Hazing

Verbal abuse, screaming, threats of expulsion from the organization
Social isolation from non-members
24/7 group chat monitoring with demands for immediate responses at all hours
Forced social media posts or challenges
Geo-tracking requirements via Find My Friends or similar apps
Example from our current case: Pledges faced weekly interviews with intense grilling and constant threats of punishment for any perceived failure

Disguised Hazing—The New Frontier

“Voluntary” activities that are socially mandatory
“Team building” or “wellness challenges” that push beyond safe limits
“Retreats” where hazing occurs away from campus oversight
“Traditions” framed as character-building but actually dangerous
Example from our current case: Workouts at Yellowstone Boulevard Park were framed as physical conditioning but were actually punitive hazing sessions

Where Hazing Happens at Texas Universities

East Mountain families should understand that hazing risk exists across multiple organization types:

Greek Life Organizations

Interfraternity Council (IFC) fraternities
Panhellenic sororities
National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) “Divine Nine” organizations
Multicultural Greek Council groups
These organizations operate at every major Texas university where East Mountain students attend

Corps of Cadets and Military-Style Programs

Texas A&M Corps of Cadets (with documented hazing lawsuits)
ROTC programs at various universities
Military-style discipline organizations

Athletic Teams and Spirit Groups

Varsity sports teams (football, basketball, baseball, etc.)
Cheer and dance teams
University spirit organizations (like Texas Cowboys at UT Austin)
Club and intramural sports

Performing Arts and Academic Groups

Marching bands and pep bands
Theater and performance troupes
Honor societies and academic clubs
Service organizations

The common thread across all these organizations is the power imbalance between new members and established members, combined with traditions that often cross into abuse, and secrecy maintained through threats and social pressure.

Texas Hazing Law: Your Family’s Legal Protection

As East Mountain families, you’re protected by some of the nation’s most comprehensive hazing laws. Understanding these laws is crucial for knowing your rights and what accountability looks like.

Texas Education Code Chapter 37—The Foundation

§ 37.151 Definition of Hazing
Texas law defines hazing broadly as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act directed against a student for purposes of initiation, affiliation, or maintaining membership that endangers mental or physical health or safety. This includes:

Physical brutality (whipping, beating, branding, forced calisthenics)
Exposure to elements
Forced consumption of food, alcohol, drugs, or other substances
Forced physical activity that adversely affects health or safety
Any activity that induces, causes, or requires the student to perform a duty or task that involves a violation of penal law

§ 37.152 Criminal Penalties

Class B Misdemeanor: Hazing that doesn’t cause serious injury (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine)
Class A Misdemeanor: Hazing causing injury requiring medical treatment
State Jail Felony: Hazing causing serious bodily injury or death
Additional crimes: Failing to report hazing or retaliating against reporters are separate misdemeanors

§ 37.153 Organizational Liability
Fraternities, sororities, and other organizations can be criminally prosecuted if they authorized or encouraged hazing, or if officers knew about hazing and failed to report it. Organizations face fines up to $10,000 per violation.

§ 37.154 Immunity for Good-Faith Reporting
Students who report hazing in good faith are immune from civil or criminal liability that might otherwise result. This protects bystanders who call for help.

§ 37.155 Consent Is NOT a Defense
This is crucial for East Mountain families to understand: Even if your child “agreed” to participate in hazing activities, that consent is not a defense to prosecution. Texas recognizes that true consent cannot exist under peer pressure and power imbalance.

§ 37.156 University Reporting Requirements
Texas colleges must provide hazing prevention education, publish policies, and maintain annual reports of hazing violations and disciplinary actions. This transparency helps families research organizations before their children join.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Understanding the Difference

East Mountain families often ask: “Will there be criminal charges, or do we need to file a civil lawsuit?” The answer is often both, and understanding the distinction is critical.

Criminal Hazing Cases

Brought by the state (district attorney’s office)
Goal: Punishment (jail time, fines, probation)
Typical charges: Hazing, furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, battery, manslaughter in fatal cases
Burden of proof: Beyond a reasonable doubt
Example: In the Max Gruver case at LSU, fraternity members faced criminal hazing charges resulting in convictions

Civil Hazing Lawsuits

Brought by victims or surviving families
Goal: Compensation for damages and accountability
Typical claims: Negligence, gross negligence, wrongful death, negligent supervision, premises liability, emotional distress
Burden of proof: Preponderance of evidence (more likely than not)
Example: In the Stone Foltz case at Bowling Green State, the family reached a $10 million settlement through civil litigation

Key Points for East Mountain Families:

A criminal conviction is NOT required to pursue a civil case
The two processes often run parallel but separately
Civil cases can continue even if criminal charges are reduced or dismissed
Evidence from criminal investigations can strengthen civil cases
We often handle both aspects—our managing partner Ralph Manginello’s HCCLA membership gives us elite criminal defense insight, while our civil litigation experience ensures comprehensive representation

Federal Law Overlay: Additional Protections

Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024)
This federal legislation requires colleges receiving federal aid to:

Report hazing incidents more transparently
Strengthen hazing education and prevention programs
Maintain public hazing data (phased in by 2026)
Provides additional accountability mechanisms for universities

Title IX and Clery Act Implications
When hazing involves sexual harassment, assault, or gender-based hostility, Title IX obligations trigger additional university responsibilities. The Clery Act requires reporting of certain crimes and maintaining safety statistics—hazing incidents often overlap with these categories when assaults or alcohol crimes occur.

Who Can Be Held Liable in a Hazing Case?

One of the most important realizations for East Mountain families is that multiple parties often share responsibility when hazing occurs.

Individual Students

Those who planned, organized, or participated in hazing
Members who supplied alcohol or drugs
Individuals who carried out physical abuse
Anyone who helped cover up the incident

Local Chapter/Organization

The fraternity, sorority, or club itself (if incorporated)
Chapter officers who authorized or failed to stop hazing
The chapter’s housing corporation (if separate)

National Fraternity/Sorority Headquarters

Organizations that set policies, receive dues, and supervise chapters
Nationals that had prior knowledge of hazing patterns at other chapters
Organizations that failed to enforce their own anti-hazing policies
Example: In the Leonel Bermudez case, Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters is named as a defendant alongside the local chapter

University and Governing Boards

Schools that knew or should have known about hazing risks
Universities that failed to enforce their own policies
Institutions that showed deliberate indifference to known dangers
Example: The University of Houston is named in our current case for allegedly failing to prevent known hazing

Third Parties

Landlords or property owners who allowed hazing on their premises
Bars or alcohol providers (under Texas dram shop law)
Security companies or event organizers
Alumni advisors who knew or should have intervened

National Hazing Case Patterns: What They Tell Us About Risk and Accountability

The tragedies that have unfolded at campuses across America are not isolated incidents—they reveal clear patterns that East Mountain families must understand. These cases show us what to watch for, what questions to ask, and what accountability looks like.

Alcohol Poisoning and Death Pattern

Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

20-year-old pledge forced to consume entire bottle of alcohol during “Big/Little” night
Died from alcohol poisoning
$10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU)
Takeaway for East Mountain families: Big/Little events carrying this exact risk profile exist at Texas campuses too

Max Gruver – LSU, Phi Delta Theta (2017)

Pledge forced to participate in “Bible study” drinking game—wrong answers meant forced drinking
Died from alcohol toxicity (BAC 0.495%)
Led to Max Gruver Act making hazing a felony in Louisiana
Takeaway: Drinking games disguised as “education” or “tradition” are common and deadly

Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017)

Pledge died from acute alcohol poisoning during “Big Brother Night”
Pi Kappa Phi chapter closed, FSU temporarily suspended all Greek life
Takeaway: The same national fraternity involved in our current University of Houston case has this fatal history

Physical and Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013)

Pledge subjected to violent blindfolded “glass ceiling” ritual at remote retreat
Fatal head injuries, help delayed
National fraternity banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years, criminal convictions
Takeaway: Off-campus retreats don’t protect organizations from liability

Danny Santulli – University of Missouri, Phi Gamma Delta (2021)

18-year-old pledge forced to consume excessive alcohol during “pledge dad reveal”
Suffered severe, permanent brain damage (cannot walk, talk, or see)
Settlements with 22 defendants, reportedly multi-million dollar
Takeaway: Non-fatal injuries can still be catastrophic and life-altering

Athletic Program Hazing and Abuse

Northwestern University Football (2023–2025)

Former players alleged sexualized, racist hazing within the football program
Multiple lawsuits, head coach fired, confidential settlements
Takeaway: Hazing extends far beyond Greek life to major athletic programs

Texas A&M Corps of Cadets (2023 Lawsuit)

Cadet alleged degrading hazing including simulated sexual acts
“Roasted pig” positioning with binding and apple in mouth
Sought over $1 million in damages
Takeaway: Even prestigious military-style programs have documented hazing issues

What These National Cases Mean for East Mountain Families

Patterns repeat: The same dangerous practices (forced drinking, extreme workouts, humiliation rituals) appear across campuses and organizations
Cover-ups are common: Delayed medical care, destroyed evidence, and witness intimidation happen repeatedly
Institutions often fail: Universities and national organizations frequently have prior warnings they ignore
Accountability takes litigation: Real consequences usually only come after lawsuits and public pressure
Texas is not immune: Our state has seen serious hazing cases and will see more without vigilance

Texas Universities: Campus-Specific Realities for East Mountain Families

East Mountain students attend universities across Texas, from nearby East Texas institutions to major hubs across the state. Each campus has its own Greek life ecosystem, hazing history, and reporting procedures. Understanding these specifics helps families navigate crises more effectively.

University of Texas at Tyler: The Closest Major University to East Mountain

Campus and Culture Snapshot
UT Tyler serves as the primary university for many East Mountain area students. As part of the University of Texas System, it brings both resources and responsibilities regarding student safety. The campus hosts multiple fraternities and sororities through its Office of Student Life and Leadership, with Greek organizations playing a significant role in campus social life.

Hazing Policy and Reporting
UT Tyler follows UT System-wide policies prohibiting hazing in all forms. The university requires all student organizations to complete anti-hazing education and maintains reporting channels through:

Office of Student Conduct and Accountability
UT Tyler Police Department
Anonymous reporting systems
Dean of Students office

Recent Hazing History
While UT Tyler has avoided the high-profile fatal hazing cases seen at larger campuses, the university has disciplined organizations for hazing violations. These typically involve:

Alcohol-related hazing during new member periods
Required servitude or “pledge duties” that cross into hazing
Social media humiliation of new members
Unapproved physical activities disguised as “team building”

How a Hazing Case at UT Tyler Might Proceed
For East Mountain families with students at UT Tyler:

Initial reports typically go to UT Tyler PD or Student Conduct
Smith County law enforcement may have jurisdiction for off-campus incidents
Civil cases would likely be filed in Smith County courts
Potential defendants include: individual students, local chapters, national organizations, and potentially UT Tyler if negligence is shown

What UT Tyler Students and Parents Should Do

Document thoroughly: Texas public universities like UT Tyler are subject to public records laws—document all communications
Understand immunity protections: Texas law protects good-faith reporters from liability
Seek medical care at UT Health East Texas: Proper medical documentation is crucial
Contact campus resources: UT Tyler’s counseling center can provide trauma support
Consult with experienced Texas hazing counsel early: University processes can be adversarial

Stephen F. Austin State University: Another Key East Texas Institution

Campus and Culture Snapshot
Located in nearby Nacogdoches, SFA serves many East Mountain area students. The university has active Greek life with approximately 20 fraternities and sororities. SFA’s tradition-heavy campus culture requires particular vigilance about hazing disguised as “tradition.”

Documented Hazing Incidents
SFA has faced multiple hazing incidents, including:

Sigma Chi chapter suspension for hazing violations involving forced alcohol consumption
Multiple organization probations for hazing-related conduct violations
Athletic team discipline for hazing activities
Ongoing challenges with underground or unofficial organization activities

Unique Considerations for SFA

Nacogdoches’ smaller community means social pressures can be intense
Tradition-heavy organizations may resist changing practices
Off-campus housing where much hazing occurs may be harder for the university to monitor
East Texas legal venues (Nacogdoches County courts) have their own procedures and norms

Practical Guidance for SFA Families

Monitor social circles closely: In smaller campus communities, social exclusion after reporting can be particularly severe
Document tradition claims: When organizations say “it’s tradition,” document that admission
Use multiple reporting channels: SFA PD, Dean of Students, and potentially Nacogdoches PD depending on location
Consider mental health impacts seriously: Smaller campus environments can make recovery more challenging
Act quickly: Evidence and witness cooperation can disappear faster in tight-knit communities

Texas A&M University: Where Many East Mountain Students Attend

Campus and Culture Snapshot
Texas A&M represents a common destination for high-achieving East Mountain students. With one of the nation’s largest Greek life systems and the extensive Corps of Cadets program, A&M presents both tremendous opportunities and significant hazing risks that East Mountain families must understand.

Corps of Cadets Hazing Reality
The 2023 lawsuit alleging “roasted pig” style hazing within the Corps revealed systemic issues:

Cadets allegedly bound between beds with apples in mouths
Simulated sexual acts as initiation
Systematic humiliation and abuse
The lawsuit sought over $1 million in damages
Texas A&M stated it handled the matter under its rules, highlighting the limitations of internal processes

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Chemical Burns Case

Pledges allegedly covered in substances including industrial-strength cleaner
Severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries
Pledges sued for $1 million
Chapter suspended for two years
Critical insight for East Mountain families: Even “top tier” fraternities at prestigious universities engage in dangerous hazing

Greek Life at Scale
With over 60 fraternity and sorority chapters, A&M’s Greek system has repeated hazing issues:

Multiple chapter suspensions annually for hazing violations
Alcohol poisoning incidents requiring hospitalization
Physical endurance hazing leading to injuries
Social media humiliation campaigns against pledges

How Texas A&M Handles Hazing

Student Conduct Office investigations
Corps of Cadets internal discipline system
Potential involvement of Texas A&M University Police
Bryan-College Station PD for off-campus incidents
Important reality: Texas A&M, as a public university, has sovereign immunity limitations but can still face liability for gross negligence

Practical Guidance for A&M Families from East Mountain

Don’t be intimidated by tradition: The “Aggie spirit” shouldn’t excuse abuse
Document everything meticulously: Large universities have more bureaucratic processes
Understand the dual systems: Greek life and Corps have different reporting channels
Medical care at St. Joseph or College Station Medical Center: Get proper documentation
Act before witnesses scatter: With 70,000+ students, tracking down witnesses gets harder over time

University of Texas at Austin: Another Major Destination

Campus and Culture Snapshot
UT Austin represents the flagship campus for many East Mountain students. With approximately 60 Greek chapters and numerous other organizations, UT has both robust anti-hazing systems and recurring hazing problems.

UT’s Public Hazing Violations Page
UT maintains unusual transparency through its public hazing violations log. Recent entries include:

Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): New members directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics; chapter probation
Texas Wranglers (spirit organization): Multiple hazing violations involving forced activities
Various fraternities and sororities: Alcohol hazing, humiliation, physical endurance tests
Important for East Mountain families: This public record can help show pattern and knowledge in lawsuits

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Assault Case (2024)

Australian exchange student allegedly assaulted at SAE party
Injuries included dislocated leg, broken ligaments, fractured tibia, broken nose
Student sued for over $1 million
Chapter already under suspension for prior violations
Key takeaway: Even organizations under scrutiny continue dangerous behavior

How UT Investigates and Responds

Office of the Dean of Students investigations
UTPD for criminal aspects
Title IX Office if sexualized hazing occurs
Public reporting requirements under Texas law
Reality check: Despite systems, hazing persists and often only litigation brings full accountability

Practical Guidance for UT Austin Families

Check the public hazing log: Research organizations’ histories at hazing.utexas.edu
Document using UT’s systems: Create paper trails through official channels
Medical care at UT Health or Seton: Austin has excellent medical documentation options
Understand Travis County legal venues: Civil cases typically filed in Travis County courts
Don’t rely solely on university processes: UT has strong systems but also strong incentives to minimize scandal

Baylor University and Southern Methodist University: Private University Considerations

Baylor University Realities
East Mountain students attending Baylor face unique considerations:

Religious identity affecting institutional responses
History of scrutiny over handling of misconduct
2020 baseball team hazing incident with 14 player suspensions
Smaller Greek system but still present hazing risks
Key difference: As a private university, Baylor has different legal obligations and immunities

Southern Methodist University Context
SMU’s affluent, Greek-heavy culture presents specific patterns:

2017 Kappa Alpha Order paddling and alcohol hazing incident
Private university status means less public transparency
Strong alumni networks that can pressure against reporting
Important consideration: SMU’s location in Dallas means different legal venues (Dallas County) and medical facilities

Practical Guidance for Private University Families

Understand different reporting requirements: Private schools have different Clery Act and Title IX obligations
Document thoroughly: Less public transparency means your documentation is even more crucial
Medical documentation matters: Use Dallas or Waco area hospitals with good forensic capabilities
Expect different legal strategies: Sovereign immunity doesn’t apply to private universities
Consider alumni pressure: Private universities often face intense alumni pressure to protect reputations

The Greek Life Ecosystem: National Organizations with Local Chapters

East Mountain families need to understand that the fraternities and sororities on Texas campuses aren’t isolated—they’re local chapters of national organizations with long histories, including hazing histories. This national connection matters enormously for liability and accountability.

Why National Histories Matter in Texas Lawsuits

When a chapter at UT Austin, Texas A&M, or another Texas school repeats hazing practices that have caused injuries or deaths at other chapters nationwide, that pattern becomes powerful evidence. Texas courts can consider whether:

National organizations had notice of dangerous practices through prior incidents
Nationals failed to enforce their own anti-hazing policies
Training and supervision were inadequate given known risks
Punishment for prior violations was insufficient to deter future hazing

This “pattern and practice” evidence can support claims for:

Negligent supervision against national headquarters
Gross negligence claims supporting punitive damages
Arguments against insurance coverage exclusions
Institutional liability beyond individual members

Major National Organizations Present at Texas Campuses

Pi Kappa Alpha (“Pike”)

National hazing history: Stone Foltz death at Bowling Green ($10M settlement), David Bogenberger death at Northern Illinois ($14M settlement)
Texas presence: Chapters at UT Austin, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, multiple other campuses
Pattern evidence: Forced drinking at Big/Little events, alcohol poisoning deaths
Relevance to East Mountain families: This exact pattern exists at Texas chapters where your students may be members

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE)

National hazing history: Multiple deaths nationwide, traumatic brain injury lawsuit at Alabama, repeated suspensions
Texas presence: Chapters at UT Austin, Texas A&M (chemical burns case), SMU, others
Pattern evidence: Physical violence, alcohol hazing, chemical assaults
Current Texas litigation: Ongoing lawsuits at UT Austin and Texas A&M

Pi Kappa Phi

National hazing history: Andrew Coffey death at Florida State, chapter closures nationwide
Texas presence: Chapter at University of Houston (our current lawsuit), other Texas campuses
Pattern evidence: Forced drinking, physical endurance hazing, humiliation rituals
Our current case: Leonel Bermudez suffered rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure from Pi Kappa Phi hazing at UH

Phi Delta Theta

National hazing history: Max Gruver death at LSU ($6.1M verdict), Louisiana felony hazing law named for him
Texas presence: Chapters at UT Austin, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, others
Pattern evidence: “Bible study” drinking games, alcohol poisoning
Legal significance: Established that drinking games as hazing can support major verdicts

Kappa Alpha Order

National hazing history: Multiple paddling incidents, alcohol hazing, chapter suspensions
Texas presence: SMU (2017 paddling incident), Texas A&M, other campuses
Pattern evidence: Physical beatings disguised as tradition, alcohol coercion
Southern culture elements: Sometimes frames hazing as “Southern tradition”

How National Patterns Apply to East Mountain Cases

When we represent East Mountain families in hazing cases, we immediately investigate:

Prior incidents at the same chapter
Prior incidents at other chapters of the same national
National organization’s response to those prior incidents
Gap between policy and practice at the national level
Insurance coverage available through national organizations

This comprehensive approach often reveals that:

Nationals knew about dangerous practices but responded weakly
“Anti-hazing” policies were window dressing without real enforcement
Insurance coverage exists but insurers try to deny claims
Multiple entities share liability for allowing patterns to continue

Building a Hazing Case: Evidence, Strategy, and Realistic Expectations

When East Mountain families come to us after a hazing incident, they’re often overwhelmed, frightened, and unsure what to expect. Here’s how we approach building a strong case for accountability and compensation.

Critical Evidence in Modern Hazing Cases

Digital Evidence (Most Important Category)

Group chats: GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Slack—we recover even deleted messages
Social media: Instagram DMs, Snapchat (screenshots before they disappear), TikTok, Facebook
Location data: Geo-tags, Find My Friends histories, Uber/Lyft receipts
Planning messages: Evidence that hazing was organized, not spontaneous
Cover-up attempts: Messages about deleting evidence, coaching witnesses, lying to authorities

Photographic and Video Evidence

Injury documentation: Multiple angles, progression over days, scale references
Event locations: Where hazing occurred, condition of spaces
Participants: Who was present, their reactions
Objects used: Paddles, alcohol containers, props, costumes
Social media posts: Even “funny” posts can show hazing occurred

Medical Documentation

Emergency room records: Initial treatment, diagnosis, toxicology reports
Hospitalization records: Full medical narrative, specialist consultations
Ongoing treatment: Physical therapy, psychological care, specialist follow-ups
Expert medical opinions: Connections between hazing and injuries
Psychological evaluations: PTSD, depression, anxiety diagnoses from hazing trauma

Organizational Records

Chapter documents: Pledge manuals, meeting minutes, initiation rituals
National policies: Anti-hazing manuals, risk management guidelines
University files: Prior disciplinary records, complaint histories, investigation reports
Insurance policies: Coverage documents from nationals, chapters, universities
(Learn more about our investigative approach)

Witness Testimony

Other pledges: Often afraid initially but may cooperate as case develops
Former members: Those who quit over hazing concerns
Roommates and friends: Observed changes, heard stories
Medical providers: Treatment observations, injury causation opinions
Experts: Greek life culture, digital forensics, trauma psychology, economics

Understanding Damages in Hazing Cases

East Mountain families deserve to understand what compensation might include in a hazing case. Every situation is unique, but damages generally fall into these categories:

Economic Damages (Quantifiable Losses)

Medical expenses: Past and future treatment, therapy, medications
Lost educational costs: Tuition for interrupted semesters, lost scholarships
Lost income: Current and future earning capacity reduction
Life care costs: For catastrophic injuries requiring lifelong care
Example: In our current case, Leonel Bermudez requires ongoing kidney monitoring and faces potential lifelong health issues from rhabdomyolysis

Non-Economic Damages (Subjective But Real Harm)

Physical pain and suffering: From injuries sustained
Emotional distress: PTSD, depression, anxiety, humiliation
Loss of enjoyment: Can’t participate in activities they once loved
Reputational harm: Social stigma, difficulty transferring schools
Example: Many hazing victims struggle to return to normal campus life due to trauma

Wrongful Death Damages (For Families Who Have Lost a Child)

Funeral and burial expenses
Loss of financial support: The lifetime contributions the child would have made
Loss of companionship and guidance: For parents and siblings
Emotional suffering: Grief, trauma of sudden loss
Example: The Stone Foltz family received compensation for these devastating losses

Punitive Damages (When Conduct Is Especially Egregious)

Designed to punish defendants and deter future conduct
Available when defendants acted with gross negligence or malice
Example: When organizations had prior warnings but did nothing
Texas specifics: Capped in many cases but can be substantial when allowed

Realistic Timeline and Process Expectations

East Mountain families should understand what to expect:

Initial Phase (Days 1-30)

Emergency medical care and evidence preservation
Initial legal consultation and case evaluation
Preservation letters to prevent evidence destruction
Early investigation into involved parties

Investigation Phase (Months 1-6)

Comprehensive evidence collection
Witness interviews
Research into organizational histories
Medical diagnosis and treatment planning
Preliminary liability analysis

Pre-Litigation Phase (Months 6-12)

Settlement demand preparation
Negotiation with insurers and defendants
Mediation attempts
Decision about filing lawsuit

Litigation Phase (If Necessary)

Lawsuit filing and service
Discovery process (document requests, depositions)
Expert witness designation
Mediation and settlement conferences
Trial preparation
Reality: Most cases settle before trial, but trial readiness is crucial for leverage

Things East Mountain Families Should Know:

University processes are separate: Internal discipline doesn’t prevent civil lawsuits
Criminal and civil cases are separate: One can proceed without the other
Confidentiality is often possible: Most cases settle with confidential terms
Timing varies: Simple cases might resolve in months, complex cases can take years
We work on contingency: No fee unless we recover compensation for you

Practical Guides for East Mountain Families: From Crisis to Resolution

For Parents: Recognizing and Responding to Hazing

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Being Hazed

Physical signs: Unexplained bruises, burns, or injuries; extreme exhaustion; weight changes; sleep deprivation; signs of alcohol poisoning
Behavioral changes: Sudden secrecy; withdrawal from family; personality shifts (anxiety, depression, irritability); defensive about organization activities
Academic red flags: Grades dropping; missing classes; losing scholarships
Financial patterns: Unexplained large expenses; maxed credit cards; requests for money without clear reasons
Digital behavior: Constant phone monitoring; anxiety about messages; deleting communications; location tracking demands

How to Talk to Your Child About Concerns

Choose the right time: Private, calm, uninterrupted
Use open questions: “How are things with your fraternity/sorority?” not “Are they hazing you?”
Listen without judgment: Your child may feel ashamed or afraid
Express concern, not accusation: “I’m worried about your safety” not “Your friends are dangerous”
Offer unconditional support: Make clear your priority is their wellbeing, not organizational loyalty

Immediate Steps If You Suspect Hazing

Prioritize safety: If in immediate danger, call 911
Seek medical care: Even if injuries seem minor, get professional evaluation
Preserve evidence: Screenshot messages, photograph injuries, save physical items
Document everything: Write down what your child tells you with dates and details
Contact experienced counsel: Call 1-888-ATTY-911 before confronting organizations or signing anything
Avoid common mistakes: Don’t delete evidence, don’t confront directly, don’t post on social media

Working with Universities

Document all communications: Emails, meetings, phone calls
Ask specific questions: “What prior incidents involve this organization?” “What specific steps are you taking?”
Understand limitations: University processes focus on discipline, not compensation
Don’t sign hastily: Universities may offer quick “resolutions” that waive legal rights
Parallel tracks: University processes and legal action can proceed simultaneously

For Students: Protecting Yourself and Your Rights

Is This Hazing? A Self-Check

Are you being forced or pressured to do something unsafe or humiliating?
Would you do this if there were no social consequences for refusing?
Is the activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal?
Would university officials approve if they knew exactly what was happening?
Are older members making you do things they don’t have to do themselves?
Are you being told to keep secrets or lie about activities?
If you answered yes to any, it’s likely hazing.

Your Legal Rights in Texas

You can report hazing without getting in trouble: Texas law protects good-faith reporters
Consent is not a defense: Even if you “agreed,” it’s still hazing under law
You can pursue civil action: For injuries, medical costs, and trauma
You can request protective measures: From universities if you fear retaliation
You have time limits: Generally 2 years to file a lawsuit, but act quickly

Safe Exit Strategies

Immediate danger: Call 911, get to safe location
Leaving the organization: Send written resignation, keep copy, tell trusted person first
Medical attention: Go to ER or student health, tell them you were hazed
Documentation: Screenshot everything before considering deletion
Support systems: Connect with campus counseling, trusted faculty, family

Evidence Collection for Students

Screenshots: Group chats with timestamps visible, full conversations
Photos: Injuries from multiple angles, locations, objects used
Medical records: Request copies, tell providers you were hazed
Witness information: Names and contacts of others who saw what happened
Personal journal: Write down details while fresh in memory

For Witnesses and Former Members: Coming Forward Responsibly

If You Participated and Now Regret It

You’re not alone: Many realize too late that “tradition” was actually abuse
You can help prevent future harm: Your testimony can protect others
Legal protections exist: Good-faith reporting has immunities
Get your own counsel: We can refer you to attorneys who handle witness representation
Redemption through accountability: Helping victims get justice is powerful

If You Witnessed Hazing

Document what you saw: Write down details immediately
Preserve evidence: Screenshots, photos, recordings if legally obtained
Consider reporting: Anonymously if necessary, through campus channels or 1-888-NOT-HAZE
Support victims: Your corroboration can make their case stronger
Protect yourself: Understand your rights and potential exposures

Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy a Hazing Case

#1: Deleting Evidence to “Protect” Your Child

What families think: “I don’t want this embarrassing stuff saved”
Reality: Looks like cover-up, can be obstruction of justice, makes case nearly impossible
Better approach: Preserve everything, even embarrassing content—your attorney will manage sensitivity

#2: Direct Confrontation with the Organization

What families think: “I’m going to give them a piece of my mind”
Reality: They immediately lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses
Better approach: Document everything silently, let your attorney make first contact

#3: Signing University “Resolution” Forms

What universities do: Pressure quick signatures on “internal resolution” agreements
Reality: Often waive right to sue, settlements far below case value
Better approach: “I need my attorney to review this before I sign anything”

#4: Social Media Posts About the Incident

What families think: “I want people to know what happened”
Reality: Defense attorneys screenshot everything, inconsistencies hurt credibility
Better approach: Document privately, let your attorney control public messaging

#5: Letting Your Child Attend “One Last Meeting”

What organizations say: “Come talk to us before you do anything drastic”
Reality: Pressure, intimidation, or extracted statements that hurt the case
Better approach: Once considering legal action, all communication through counsel

#6: Waiting for University Investigation Results

What universities promise: “We’re investigating, let us handle this internally”
Reality: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, statutes run, university controls narrative
Better approach: Preserve evidence now, consult attorney immediately, university process ≠ real accountability

#7: Talking to Insurance Adjusters Unrepresented

What adjusters say: “We just need your statement to process the claim”
Reality: Recorded statements used against you, early settlements are lowball offers
Better approach: “My attorney will contact you” then call 1-888-ATTY-911

About The Manginello Law Firm: Why We’re Different for Hazing Cases

When your East Mountain family faces a hazing crisis, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. Here’s why families across Texas trust us with their most sensitive, complex hazing cases.

Our Credentials: Built for Institutional Battles

Insurance Insider Advantage: Lupe Peña’s Defense Background
Mr. Lupe Peña spent years as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm. He knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies:

Value (and undervalue) hazing claims
Use delay tactics to pressure families
Argue coverage exclusions for “intentional acts”
Set reserves and negotiation strategies
Translation for East Mountain families: We know their playbook because we used to run it.

Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions: Ralph Manginello’s Experience
Managing Partner Ralph Manginello is one of the few Texas attorneys involved in BP Texas City explosion litigation—taking on billion-dollar corporations with unlimited legal budgets. This experience directly applies to hazing cases because:

Universities and national fraternities have similar resources and defense strategies
Institutional cover-ups follow similar patterns
Multiple defendant coordination requires specific expertise
Federal court experience matters for Title IX and civil rights claims
Translation: We’re not intimidated by powerful opponents.

Dual Civil/Criminal Hazing Expertise
Ralph’s membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) means we understand both sides of hazing cases:

How criminal charges interact with civil litigation
Defense strategies in hazing prosecutions
Witness cooperation agreements
Constitutional issues in campus investigations
Translation: We can navigate the complete legal landscape, not just one piece.

Proven Results in Catastrophic Cases
Our track record includes:

Multi-million dollar wrongful death settlements
Lifetime care planning for brain injury victims
Economic recovery for lost earning capacity
Institutional policy changes as part of resolutions
Translation: We deliver meaningful results, not just promises.

Our Investigative Approach: Uncovering What Others Miss

Digital Forensics Capability
In 2025, hazing evidence lives on phones and servers. We:

Recover deleted group chats and messages
Analyze social media patterns and metadata
Use forensic tools to preserve digital evidence
Work with experts who testify on digital evidence authenticity
For East Mountain families: This means evidence doesn’t disappear just because someone hit “delete.”

Organizational Pattern Investigation
We don’t just look at the single incident—we investigate:

Prior hazing at the same chapter
Prior hazing at other chapters of the same national
National organization’s knowledge and response
University’s prior complaints and actions
Insurance coverage across all potential defendants
Result: We build cases that show systemic failure, not just individual misconduct.

Expert Network for Comprehensive Cases
We work with:

Medical experts for injury causation and lifetime care needs
Economists for lost earning capacity calculations
Greek life culture experts for institutional analysis
Digital forensics specialists for evidence recovery
Psychologists for trauma assessment
Benefit: Your case gets the depth and credibility it deserves.

Why Hazing Cases Need Specialized Counsel

Institutional Defendants Play by Different Rules
Universities and national fraternities:

Have experienced defense firms on retainer
Use internal processes to control narratives
Have insurance coverage fights behind the scenes
Consider reputational damage in every decision
Our advantage: We’ve faced these tactics before and know how to counter them.

The Privacy Balance
Hazing victims deserve:

Accountability for what happened
Privacy during recovery
Protection from retaliation
Control over their story
Our approach: We pursue justice while fiercely protecting our clients’ privacy and dignity.

The Prevention Mission
Beyond compensation, we seek:

Policy changes to prevent future hazing
Transparency improvements at universities
Deterrent effects through accountability
Closure and validation for victims
Our philosophy: The best outcome prevents the next family from experiencing this pain.

Frequently Asked Questions from East Mountain Families

“Can we sue a Texas university for hazing?”
Yes, under specific circumstances. Public universities (UT, Texas A&M, etc.) have sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individuals personally. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have different rules. Every case depends on specific facts—contact us at 1-888-ATTY-911 for case-specific analysis.

“Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
It can be. Texas law makes hazing a Class B misdemeanor by default, but it becomes a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Individual officers can also face charges for failing to report hazing. In our current case, the conduct could potentially support felony charges given the severity of injuries.

“What if my child ‘agreed’ to the activities?”
Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. Courts recognize that true consent cannot exist under peer pressure, power imbalance, and fear of exclusion. This is crucial for East Mountain families to understand—your child’s participation doesn’t eliminate liability.

“How long do we have to file a lawsuit?”
Generally 2 years from the date of injury or discovery in Texas, but exceptions exist for minors, delayed discovery of harm, and fraudulent concealment. Time is critical—evidence disappears, witnesses become unavailable, and memories fade. Call us immediately at 1-888-ATTY-911 to protect your rights.

“What if the hazing happened off-campus?”
Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and nationals can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, knowledge, and foreseeability. Many major hazing cases (including the Pi Delta Psi retreat death) occurred off-campus and still resulted in multi-million-dollar judgments.

“Will my child’s name be public?”
Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. We can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability. Your child’s recovery and dignity come first.

“How much does legal representation cost?”
We work on a contingency fee basis—no fee unless we recover compensation for you. Initial consultations are always free. We advance case costs and only recover them if we succeed. This makes quality representation accessible regardless of your family’s financial situation.

“Can we handle this without a lawyer?”
Technically yes, but we strongly advise against it. Universities and national fraternities have experienced legal teams. Insurance companies have settlement strategies designed to minimize payouts. Without experienced counsel, families often:

Accept settlements far below case value
Make procedural errors that harm their case
Miss deadlines that forfeit rights
~Face overwhelming stress navigating complex systems alone

Your Next Steps: How to Get Help Today

If hazing has impacted your East Mountain family, you don’t have to face this alone. Here’s how to get help immediately:

Contact Us for a Free, Confidential Consultation

What to Expect in Your Consultation:

We listen without judgment: Tell us what happened in your own words
We review evidence: Bring any photos, messages, medical records, or documents
We explain options: Criminal reporting, civil lawsuit, both, or neither
We discuss realistic expectations: Timelines, potential outcomes, challenges
We answer your questions: About process, costs, privacy, everything
No pressure to decide: Take time to think, talk with family, decide what’s right for you

How to Reach Us:

24/7 Emergency Line: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct Office: (713) 528-9070
Cell: (713) 443-4781
Email: ralph@atty911.com
Website: https://attorney911.com
Spanish Services: Lupe Peña at lupe@atty911.com (Se habla Español)

Serving East Mountain and All of Texas:
While our offices are in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, we serve families throughout Texas, including East Mountain and all of Upshur County. We understand the unique concerns of East Texas families and have handled cases across the region.

What to Bring to Your Consultation

Helpful Documents and Information:

Photos of injuries or locations
Screenshots of text messages or group chats
Medical records or bills
University correspondence
Names of involved individuals and organizations
Timeline of events
Insurance information if provided
Any documents you’ve signed or received

If You Don’t Have Documentation Yet:
That’s okay. Your memory and story are enough to start. We’ll help you understand what evidence matters and how to preserve it.

Remember: Time Is Critical

Every day that passes:

Digital evidence can be deleted
Witnesses can be coached or become unavailable
Medical conditions can evolve
Statutes of limitations continue running
Universities may complete internal processes that don’t serve your interests

Don’t wait “to see what happens.” Get professional guidance now to protect your family’s rights and options.

Final Message to East Mountain Families

Sending a child to college is an act of hope and trust. When that trust is violated through hazing, the betrayal cuts deep. But you are not powerless, and you are not alone.

The path from victim to survivor to thriver begins with one step: reaching out for help. At The Manginello Law Firm, we’ve walked this difficult path with Texas families for over 25 years. We understand the pain, the confusion, the anger, and the desire for both justice and healing.

Your child’s safety and wellbeing come first. Accountability matters. Prevention matters. Your family’s healing matters.

Whether your child was hazed at a nearby East Texas university or at a major campus across the state, Texas law provides protections, and experienced counsel can help you navigate toward resolution.

Call us today at 1-888-ATTY-911. Let us listen to your story, explain your options, and help you take the next step toward accountability and peace.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com | Spanish: lupe@atty911.com