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In the heart of Nebraska, a chilling scenario unfolds for many families. It begins subtly, perhaps with a late-night phone call demanding a student appear off-campus. Then, reports of forced alcohol consumption, degrading rituals, or extreme physical exertion surface. For parents, the anxiety is immense, especially when their child attends a university in Texas—a state with a robust Greek life and a history of serious hazing incidents. This isn’t just about bad choices; it’s about dangerous, coerced activities that endanger physical and mental health.

Consider a scene: It’s “initiation night” at an off-campus fraternity house in College Station. A student from Nebraska, eager to fit in, is pressured to drink far beyond safe limits during a “big/little” reveal. Others film on their phones, chanting and laughing. Suddenly, the student collapses, vomiting uncontrollably. No one wants to call 911 because they’re afraid of “getting the chapter shut down.” The student feels trapped between loyalty to the group and their own safety, a situation that could easily lead to severe injury or even death. Such a scenario is not far-fetched; it echoes the tragic events that have plagued college campuses across Texas and the nation.

This comprehensive guide serves as an essential resource for families in Nebraska and across Texas, aiming to illuminate the often-hidden world of hazing. We explore what hazing genuinely looks like in 2025, moving beyond outdated stereotypes to reveal its modern, insidious forms. We delve into how Texas and federal law address hazing, providing clarity on the legal landscape. By examining major national cases, we draw parallels to the situations at prominent Texas universities like the University of Houston (UH), Texas A&M University, the University of Texas (UT) at Austin, Southern Methodist University (SMU), and Baylor University, and how these patterns contribute to the challenges facing Nebraska students. Most importantly, we outline the legal avenues available to victims and their families in Nebraska and throughout Texas.

This article offers general information and is not specific legal advice. The Manginello Law Firm is equipped to evaluate individual cases based on their unique facts. We stand ready to serve families throughout Texas, including those in Nebraska, providing expert legal counsel and unwavering support.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

• If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

  • Call 911 for medical emergencies
  • Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
  • We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

• In the first 48 hours:

  • Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
  • Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
    • Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
    • Photograph injuries from multiple angles
    • Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
  • Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
  • Do NOT:
    • Confront the fraternity/sorority
    • Sign anything from the university or insurance company
    • Post details on public social media
    • Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

• Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

  • Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
  • Universities move quickly to control the narrative
  • We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
  • Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

HAZING IN 2025: WHAT IT REALLY LOOKS LIKE

For Nebraska families unfamiliar with modern Greek life or collegiate organizations, hazing might conjure images from movies – harmless pranks, goofy costumes, or mild inconvenience. However, the reality of hazing in 2025 is far more sinister and dangerous. It’s a pervasive problem that extends beyond fraternities and sororities, infiltrating athletic teams, spirit organizations, and even academic and service clubs. The core of modern hazing lies in psychological manipulation and secrecy, often culminating in severe physical or mental harm. Organizations frequently adapt their tactics to evade detection, making it crucial for parents and students in Nebraska to understand the true nature of these abusive practices.

Clear, modern definition of hazing

Hazing is any intentional, knowing, or reckless act occurring on or off campus, by one person alone or acting with others, directed against a student, that:

• Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, or
• Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

A critical aspect of this definition is that “I agreed to it” does not automatically make it safe or legal. When there’s peer pressure, a power imbalance, and a fear of exclusion, “consent” is compromised. The law recognizes that true voluntary agreement cannot exist in coercive environments.

Main categories of hazing

Modern hazing manifests in various destructive forms, targeting both the physical and psychological well-being of students.

• Alcohol and substance hazing: This is one of the most common and deadliest forms. It involves forced or coerced drinking, often through dangerous “games” like chugging challenges, “lineups,” or “bottle exchanges” designed for rapid, excessive consumption. Pledges might be pressured to consume unknown or mixed substances, leading to alcohol poisoning, illicit drug use, and severe health complications.

• Physical hazing: This includes direct physical abuse such as paddling and beatings. It also encompasses extreme calisthenics, “workouts,” or “smokings” that push individuals far beyond safe limits. Sleep deprivation, food and water deprivation, and exposure to extreme cold or heat are also common. These activities, often disguised as “bonding” or “toughness tests,” can lead to exhaustion, injury, and severe illness.

• Sexualized and humiliating hazing: This category involves forced nudity or partial nudity, simulated sexual acts, or degrading positions like the “roasted pig.” Pledges may be forced to wear humiliating costumes, engage in sexually suggestive acts, or endure acts with racial, homophobic, or sexist overtones, including slurs and demeaning role-play. The goal is often to break down self-esteem and enforce conformity through shame.

• Psychological hazing: This form of abuse aims to cause emotional distress and mental breakdown. It includes verbal abuse, threats, and deliberate isolation from friends and family. Manipulation, forced confessions, and public shaming—often orchestrated on social media or during group meetings—are used to control and subjugate new members.

• Digital/online hazing: With the rise of technology, hazing has moved into the digital realm. This includes demands made through GroupMe, WhatsApp, Discord, or other messaging apps, often requiring immediate responses at all hours, leading to severe sleep deprivation. Students may be forced into humiliating “challenges” on Instagram, Snapchat, or TikTok, or pressured to create and share compromising images or videos. This modern tactic creates a constant, inescapable form of psychological torment.

Where hazing actually happens

Hazing is not confined to the stereotypical “frat boys” often depicted in movies. It’s a systemic issue that impacts various organizations across college campuses and even high schools.

• Fraternities and sororities: This includes traditional Interfraternity Council (IFC) and Panhellenic organizations, as well as National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) and multicultural Greek groups. While many have anti-hazing policies, peer pressure and tradition can override official rules.

• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / military-style groups: These organizations, often emphasizing discipline and tradition, can foster environments where hazing is disguised as “tough love” or necessary training.

• Spirit squads, tradition clubs, and athletic teams: From football and basketball to cheerleading and marching bands, hazing can occur in any group where there’s a strong hierarchy and desire to “earn” a spot. Even academic and service organizations have reported incidents, often involving subtle forms of psychological manipulation or forced servitude.

The persistence of hazing is due to a complex interplay of social status, embedded “traditions,” and a culture of secrecy. New members are often told that “what happens here stays here,” creating an environment where abusive practices are perpetuated despite their illegality and danger. Understanding these dynamics is the first step toward recognizing and combating hazing effectively, especially for Nebraska families whose children may be impacted at Texas universities.

LAW & LIABILITY FRAMEWORK (TEXAS + FEDERAL)

For families in Nebraska contemplating the legal landscape surrounding hazing in Texas, understanding the intricate framework of state and federal laws is crucial. These laws are designed not only to criminalize abusive practices but also to provide avenues for civil justice and institutional accountability. The definitions and liabilities are complex, making specialized legal counsel essential.

Texas hazing law basics (Education Code)

Texas has a specific, robust anti-hazing statute outlined in the Texas Education Code, Chapter 37, Subchapter F. This law defines hazing broadly to encompass a wide range of harmful activities, regardless of whether they occur on or off campus.

Definition of Hazing: Hazing is considered any intentional, knowing, or reckless act by one person alone, or with others, directed against a student, that:

• Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, or
• Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

This definition is critical because it highlights several key points:

• Location doesn’t matter: Hazing can happen on or off campus, whether in a fraternity house, a private residence, or a remote location.
• Harm can be mental or physical: It’s not just physical abuse; psychological manipulation, extreme humiliation, and severe emotional distress also qualify.
• Recklessness counts: The individual or group doesn’t need malicious intent; merely being reckless about the potential harm is enough for it to be considered hazing.
• “Consent” is not a defense: As per Texas Education Code § 37.155, it is explicitly not a defense to a hazing charge that the person being hazed consented to the activity. This is vital, as fear of exclusion or peer pressure often compels students to participate against their will.

Criminal Penalties: Texas law classifies hazing based on the severity of the act:

• Class B Misdemeanor: This is the default classification for hazing that does not result in serious injury, carrying potential penalties of up to 180 days in jail and a fine of up to $2,000.
• Class A Misdemeanor: If hazing causes an injury requiring medical attention, the charge can be elevated.
• State Jail Felony: Critically, if hazing causes serious bodily injury or death, it becomes a state jail felony, carrying more severe penalties.

Texas law also holds individuals accountable for their inaction:

• Failing to Report: If an officer or member of an organization knows about hazing and fails to report it, they can face misdemeanor charges.
• Retaliation: Retaliating against someone who reports hazing is also a misdemeanor offense.

Organizational Liability: Beyond individual members, Texas Education Code § 37.153 dictates that organizations themselves can be criminally prosecuted for hazing if:

• The organization authorized or encouraged the hazing activity.
• An officer or member, acting in their official capacity, knew about the hazing and failed to report it.
  Penalties for organizations can include fines of up to $10,000 per violation and revocation of university recognition, potentially banning the group from campus.

Immunity for Good-Faith Reporting: Texas Education Code § 37.154 provides significant protection: a person who in good faith reports a hazing incident to university authorities or law enforcement is immune from civil or criminal liability that might otherwise arise from that report. This encourages victims, bystanders, and even participants to come forward without fear of legal repercussions for their report. Additionally, Texas law, like many university policies, often grants amnesty for students who call 911 in an emergency, even if underage drinking or hazing was involved, prioritizing health and safety.

Criminal vs civil cases

Understanding the distinction between criminal and civil cases is important for Nebraska families pursuing justice. Both can play a role in hazing accountability.

• Criminal cases: These are initiated and pursued by the state (prosecutor) on behalf of the public. Their primary aim is to punish individuals or organizations deemed to have violated criminal laws. In hazing contexts, criminal charges can range from misdemeanor hazing to serious felonies like assault, furnishing alcohol to minors, or even manslaughter in cases of death. A criminal conviction can lead to jail time, fines, and probation.

• Civil cases: These are brought by victims or their surviving families against individuals, organizations, or institutions deemed responsible for their suffering. The primary aim of a civil lawsuit is monetary compensation for damages suffered and to establish accountability. Civil cases often focus on legal theories like negligence, gross negligence, wrongful death, premises liability, or negligent supervision. A key distinction is that a criminal conviction is not required to pursue a civil case; the standards of proof are different. Both types of cases can proceed simultaneously.

Federal overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond state laws, federal regulations also impact how hazing is addressed on college campuses, offering additional layers of protection and accountability for students, including those from Nebraska attending Texas schools.

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This landmark federal legislation, set to be fully implemented by 2026, mandates that colleges and universities receiving federal funding implement more transparent reporting and robust prevention strategies for hazing. Institutions will be required to:

  • Publicly report all hazing incidents and disciplinary actions.
  • Provide comprehensive hazing education and prevention programs.
  • Maintain and share public data on hazing violations.
    This act aims to increase transparency and empower students and parents with more information when making enrollment decisions.

• Title IX / Clery Act: These federal laws, while not exclusively focused on hazing, can become highly relevant when hazing incidents involve specific types of misconduct.

  • Title IX: If hazing involves sexual harassment, sexual assault, or gender-based hostility, Title IX obligations are triggered. This requires universities to investigate and address such misconduct promptly and effectively, regardless of where it occurs.
  • Clery Act: This act mandates that colleges and universities disclose campus crime statistics, including certain types of crimes that may occur during hazing, such as assault, liquor law violations, or drug abuse violations. It also requires timely warnings and annual security reports, contributing to overall campus safety transparency.

Who can be liable in a civil hazing lawsuit

In a civil lawsuit arising from hazing, multiple parties can be held legally responsible, depending on their involvement and their duty of care. This multi-layered liability is a key aspect an experienced hazing attorney explores.

• Individual students: Those who actively planned, enforced, participated in, or even stood by and failed to intervene in hazing can be sued. This includes perpetrating the abuse, supplying alcohol to minors, or contributing to a cover-up.
• Local chapter/organization: The specific fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself (if structured as a legal entity) can be held liable. This extends to officers or members acting in formal roles, such as chapter presidents or “pledge educators.”
• National fraternity/sorority: Many local chapters are part of larger national organizations. The national headquarters (which sets policies, provides training, collects dues, and supervises chapters) can be held liable if they knew or should have known about a pattern of hazing, failed to enforce their own rules, or were negligent in supervising the local chapter.
• University or governing board: The college or university, its board of regents, and even specific administrators (like Greek life advisors, deans, or campus police) can be sued. Liability often arises from negligent supervision, failure to investigate warnings, failure to enforce policies, or creating a dangerous environment. Public universities in Texas, like the University of Houston or Texas A&M, may invoke sovereign immunity, but exceptions exist, particularly in cases of gross negligence, Title IX violations, or when suing individuals in their personal capacity.
• Third parties: Other entities can also be implicated. This might include:
  • Property owners: Landlords of off-campus houses or event spaces where hazing occurred.
  • Alcohol providers: Bars, liquor stores, or individuals who illegally furnished alcohol to minors if it contributed to injury or death.
  • Security companies or event organizers: If they failed in their duty to ensure safety at an event where hazing took place.

Determining all potentially liable parties requires a thorough investigation, as each case is fact-specific. An experienced hazing attorney knows how to identify all possible defendants to ensure comprehensive accountability and maximum potential recovery for victims and their families.

NATIONAL HAZING CASE PATTERNS (ANCHOR STORIES)

Across the nation, tragic hazing incidents have shaped legal precedents, driven legislative changes, and exposed the devastating consequences of unchecked peer pressure and institutional neglect. These anchor stories serve as powerful warnings and lay the groundwork for civil litigation, demonstrating patterns of behavior that can lead to severe injury or death. For Nebraska families considering the risks at Texas universities, these national cases underscore the universal dangers of hazing.

Alcohol poisoning & death pattern

The most frequent and fatal form of hazing involves forced alcohol consumption, often resulting in tragic alcohol poisoning.

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State, Beta Theta Pi (2017): In a horrifying incident, 19-year-old pledge Timothy Piazza died after a “bid acceptance” night involving extreme alcohol consumption. Chapter security cameras captured Piazza enduring multiple falls, including one down a flight of stairs, resulting in traumatic brain injuries. Despite his severe condition, fraternity brothers delayed calling 911 for nearly 12 hours. This case led to dozens of criminal charges against fraternity members, extensive civil litigation, and the enactment of the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law in Pennsylvania, one of the toughest in the nation. It brutally highlighted how extreme intoxication, a callous delay in seeking medical help, and a pervasive culture of silence can converge with deadly results.

• Andrew Coffey – Florida State, Pi Kappa Phi (2017): Andrew Coffey, a 20-year-old pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event. Pledges were given handles of hard liquor and pressured to consume them rapidly. Multiple fraternity members faced criminal hazing charges, and Florida State University swiftly responded by temporarily suspending all Greek life activities and overhauling its policies. Coffey’s death, like Piazza’s, underscored the lethal risks associated with ritualized drinking and the formulaic “traditions” that often define hazing rituals.

• Max Gruver – LSU, Phi Delta Theta (2017): Max Gruver, an 18-year-old pledge, died after participating in a “Bible study” drinking game where incorrect answers to questions resulted in forced consumption of large quantities of alcohol, reaching a blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0.495%. His death sparked national outrage and led to the creation of the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, a felony hazing statute with serious penalties. Gruver’s case demonstrated how seemingly innocuous “games” can be deadly and how legislative change often follows public outcry for accountability.

• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021): In a “Big/Little” pledge night event, Stone Foltz, an 20-year-old pledge, was reportedly forced to consume a liter-sized bottle of alcohol. He died from alcohol poisoning, and eight fraternity members were subsequently charged. This incident resulted in multiple criminal convictions, including hazing-related charges, and Bowling Green State University agreed to a $2.9 million settlement with the Foltz family. Other settlements with the fraternity and individuals were also reached. Foltz’s tragedy clearly demonstrated that universities, along with Greek organizations, can face substantial financial and reputational consequences when hazing claims a life.

Physical & ritualized hazing pattern

Beyond alcohol, physical and ritualized hazing can also lead to catastrophic injury or death, often involving calculated abuse and a horrifying delay in medical intervention.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013): Michael Deng, a 19-year-old pledge, died during a brutal “glass ceiling” ritual at an off-campus retreat in the Pocono Mountains. He was blindfolded, weighted down with a heavy backpack, and repeatedly tackled by fraternity members. He suffered a traumatic brain injury, and his tormentors delayed calling 911 for over an hour, moving his unconscious body and attempting a cover-up instead. Multiple members were convicted, and the national fraternity was criminally convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, subsequently banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years, and fined over $110,000—a landmark case for organizational criminal liability.

• Danny Santulli – University of Missouri, Phi Gamma Delta (2021): While not fatal, Danny Santulli’s case highlights the devastating impact of physical and alcohol hazing. The 18-year-old pledge was forced to consume excessive alcohol during a “pledge dad reveal” night and sustained severe, permanent brain damage. Today, Santulli cannot walk, talk, or see, requiring 24/7 care. His family reached settlements with 22 defendants, including the fraternity, with reported multi-million-dollar outcomes. Santulli’s case, like many before it, became a national symbol of catastrophic, non-fatal hazing injuries and the lifelong consequences for victims and their families.

Athletic program hazing & abuse

Hazing is not exclusive to Greek letter organizations. Athletic programs, with their intense bonding and hierarchical structures, are also fertile ground for abusive practices.

• Northwestern University football (2023–2025): A massive scandal erupted at Northwestern after former football players came forward with allegations of widespread sexualized, racist, and violent hazing within the program extending over many years. Players described forced sexual acts, racial discrimination, and physical abuse. This led to multiple lawsuits against the university and coaching staff, the firing of head coach Pat Fitzgerald (who later confidentially settled a wrongful-termination suit), and a comprehensive outside review. This case powerfully demonstrated that hazing can flourish even in elite, high-profile athletic programs, raising profound questions about institutional oversight and the definition of acceptable team bonding.

What these cases mean for Nebraska families

These national tragedies, while removed geographically from Nebraska, paint a stark picture of the hazing landscape across American higher education. They underscore several crucial points for families considering or currently navigating college life in Texas:

• Predictable Patterns: Many hazing incidents follow disturbing, predictable scripts—forced drinking games, degrading physical acts, and a code of silence. When a Texas chapter engages in conduct similar to these national cases, it often indicates a pattern that national organizations and universities should have foreseen and prevented.
• Severe Consequences: The outcomes of these cases include not just personal tragedy, but also significant criminal charges, multi-million-dollar civil settlements, institutional bans, and legislative reforms. These consequences are a direct result of extensive investigations and strong legal action.
• Nebraska families are not alone: For families sending their children to Texas universities, the lessons from these cases are directly applicable. The legal frameworks in Texas are influenced by these national movements. While these instances are heartbreaking, they also provide a foundation for seeking justice and demanding accountability.

These cases make it clear that hazing is a serious, often criminal, offense with devastating human and legal costs. For Nebraska families facing hazing at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, or Baylor, these national precedents confirm that their experiences are part of a larger, systemic problem that demands experienced legal intervention.

TEXAS FOCUS: UNIS IN NEBRASKA AND WHERE FAMILIES SEND KIDS

For Nebraska families, understanding the hazing landscape at Texas universities is crucial. While Nebraska may not be geographically close to all major Texas institutions, our families send students across the country for higher education. The universities highlighted here are significant centers of student life, including Greek organizations, where vigilance against hazing remains paramount. Even if a university is far from Nebraska, the legal principles of accountability apply universally, and Nebraska families deserve to know the specific context of the schools their children might attend.

Nebraska Universities

Nebraska, while having a smaller Greek life footprint compared to some larger states, still features state universities and branches with active student organizations. For families in Nebraska whose children attend college in-state, or for those who remain active in collegiate matters post-graduation, it is vital to be aware of local policies and any past incidents.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

The University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), located in the state’s capital, is the largest university in Nebraska and a hub of academic and student activity. UNL hosts a significant Greek life community comprising numerous fraternities and sororities, as well as a variety of other student organizations, including athletic and spirit groups.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: UNL maintains a clear anti-hazing policy, defining hazing as any act that causes or is likely to cause bodily danger, physical or mental harm, or the degradation, humiliation, or compromise of a student for the purpose of affiliation with a student organization. The university provides multiple avenues for reporting, including the Office of Student Conduct and Community Standards, the Greek Life Office, and an anonymous online reporting form. UNL also publishes a public record of organizational conduct violations, including those related to hazing.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: In 2014, an incident involving the FarmHouse fraternity at UNL led to the death of Clayton Real from alcohol poisoning. This hazing incident, which occurred following an event where pledges were pressured to drink excessively, resulted in four individuals facing felony charges for procuring alcohol for a minor resulting in injury or death. This tragic event underscored the severe consequences of alcohol-related hazing and galvanized both the university and state to address the issue more forcefully. Subsequent years have seen UNL take disciplinary action against several other Greek organizations for various hazing violations, including forced alcohol consumption, physical activities, and servitude.

How a UNL Hazing Case Might Proceed: Cases at UNL would fall under the jurisdiction of the Lancaster County courts. Depending on the nature of the hazing, investigations might involve the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Police Department (UNLPD) and the Lincoln Police Department. Civil actions would target the individuals involved, the local chapter, the national organization, and potentially the university, weighing sovereign immunity considerations for state-funded institutions.

What Students and Parents at UNL Should Do: Students should familiarize themselves with UNL’s stringent anti-hazing policies, report any suspicious activity immediately to the Office of Student Conduct or through anonymous channels, and prioritize their safety above group affiliation. Nebraska parents sending their children to UNL should discuss hazing risks openly with their students and be prepared to contact an attorney if they suspect any form of abuse.

University of Nebraska at Omaha

The University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO) serves a diverse student body and has its own array of student organizations and fraternities and sororities. The campus culture emphasizes community engagement and academic excellence, but like any institution, it faces the potential for hazing.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: UNO prohibits hazing through its Code of Conduct, aligning with state law. The university provides clear guidelines for what constitutes hazing and encourages reporting through the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct, and campus security. Anonymous reporting options are also available to protect students who fear retaliation.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: While specific recent high-profile hazing deaths or severe injuries are not widely publicized at UNO, the university has, on occasion, issued disciplinary actions and sanctions against student organizations for hazing violations. These often involve violations related to alcohol or coerced activities, reflecting the persistent challenge of enforcing anti-hazing policies within student groups. Public records of these violations are typically maintained by the university administration.

How a UNO Hazing Case Might Proceed: Legal proceedings for hazing incidents at UNO would typically proceed through the Douglas County court system. The UNO Police Department and the Omaha Police Department would be involved in criminal investigations. Civil lawsuits would evaluate actions against individuals, the local chapter, relevant national organizations, and the university, with consideration for state university immunity.

What Students and Parents at UNO Should Do: Students should commit to reporting any hazing and to understanding that their safety is paramount. Parents should ensure their children know the university’s policies on hazing and reporting, and discuss the importance of seeking help if they or a peer experience such abuse.

Wayne State College

Wayne State College, located in Wayne, Nebraska, is a smaller public college that plays a significant role in its rural community. It supports various student clubs, athletic teams, and Greek organizations, fostering a close-knit campus environment.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: Wayne State College’s Student Handbook contains strict anti-hazing policies consistent with Nebraska state law. The college defines hazing broadly to include any activity that subjects a student to mental or physical harm, discomfort, embarrassment, harassment, or ridicule for initiation or membership in an organization. Reporting channels include the Dean of Students, student life officials, and campus security.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: Given its smaller size, Wayne State College may not have as extensive a public record of hazing incidents as larger universities. However, like all institutions, it has faced instances requiring disciplinary action against organizations found in violation of hazing policies. These actions typically involve probation, suspension, or restrictions on student activities, demonstrating the college’s commitment to upholding its anti-hazing stance.

How a Wayne State College Hazing Case Might Proceed: Legal cases originating from hazing at Wayne State College would be handled within the Wayne County legal system. Law enforcement, including local police and campus security, would investigate criminal aspects. Civil remedies would involve claims against individuals directly responsible, the local chapter, any affiliated national organization, and potentially the college itself, with attention to immunity for public institutions.

What Students and Parents at Wayne State College Should Do: Students are encouraged to uphold the college’s values and report any witnessed or experienced hazing. Parents should educate themselves and their children about the subtle and overt signs of hazing, reassuring them that they have support.

Where Nebraska Families Send Kids (Texas Focus)

Many Nebraska families also send their children to prominent universities across Texas, making it essential to understand the specific hazing contexts at these larger institutions. The legal principles and risks discussed throughout this guide directly apply to these schools.

University of Houston (UH)

The University of Houston (UH), a vast public institution in the heart of Houston, Texas, is a common destination for students from across the country, including many who have roots in Nebraska. UH is known for its diverse student body, extensive academic programs, and a vibrant campus life that includes a robust Greek life community with numerous Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic, National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and multicultural organizations. Its urban setting means that hazing incidents can sometimes involve off-campus activities within the sprawling Houston metropolitan area, adding layers of complexity to investigations.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: UH maintains a clear, explicit anti-hazing policy that strictly prohibits any physical or mental abuse, forced consumption of alcohol or other substances, or activities that compromise a student’s safety or dignity for the purpose of initiation or membership. This policy extends to activities both on and off campus. UH provides multiple reporting channels accessible to students and parents, including the Dean of Students Office, the Office of Student Conduct, and the University of Houston Police Department (UHPD). An anonymous reporting system is also available to encourage reporting without fear of retaliation. The university also publishes a list of organizations that have faced disciplinary action for hazing and other violations.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: UH has a history of responding to hazing allegations by suspending or sanctioning student organizations. In 2016, a well-publicized incident involving the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity at UH led to allegations that pledges were severely deprived of food, water, and sleep during an extended hazing event. This particular case escalated when one student reportedly suffered a lacerated spleen, allegedly from being slammed onto a table during a physical hazing ritual. The chapter subsequently faced misdemeanor hazing charges and was suspended by the university for several years. While this incident directly involved physical harm, many other documented disciplinary actions at UH involve fraternities or sororities for engaging in activities deemed “likely to produce mental or physical discomfort,” often coupled with alcohol misuse and broader policy violations leading to probations or temporary suspensions.

How a UH Hazing Case Might Proceed: Due to UH’s urban location, hazing incidents can involve multiple law enforcement agencies, including UHPD and the Houston Police Department (HPD), particularly if the incident occurs off-campus within city limits. Civil lawsuits related to hazing at UH would typically be filed in courts with jurisdiction over Harris County. Potential defendants would include the individual students directly involved, the local chapter, the national fraternity or sorority, and potentially the University of Houston and corresponding Board of Regents, as well as property owners of off-campus residences where hazing took place. Sovereign immunity may be a factor when suing the public university, but exceptions exist for gross negligence or Title IX violations. Attorney911, with our Houston roots and experience, is particularly well-suited to navigate the local legal landscape in these complex cases.

What UH Students and Parents Should Do: Students should prioritize their mental and physical safety above all else. They must familiarize themselves with UH’s comprehensive hazing policies and the available reporting mechanisms. Nebraska parents of UH students should maintain open communication with their children, watch for warning signs, and be prepared to act swiftly. If hazing is suspected or confirmed, documenting everything and consulting with an attorney experienced in Houston-based hazing cases, like Attorney911, can help uncover prior discipline and internal university files crucial for building a strong case.

Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University, located in College Station, is a venerable institution with a proud history and unique culture. It draws a significant number of students from Nebraska, attracted by its strong academic programs, especially in engineering and agriculture, and its deeply rooted traditions. A&M is home to a thriving Greek life alongside its renowned Corps of Cadets, which, while distinct from fraternities, also operates with strong traditions and a hierarchical structure that can be susceptible to hazing. The distinct cultures within A&M’s student organizations necessitate a nuanced understanding of hazing risks.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: Texas A&M strictly prohibits hazing, defining it as any activity that subjects a student to mental or physical harm, degradation, or humiliation for the purpose of initiation or membership. This policy applies to all student organizations, including Greek life and the Corps. A&M provides various reporting avenues through the Division of Student Affairs, the Office of the Dean of Student Life, and the Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD). They also maintain an online reporting system and anonymous hotlines. Texas A&M is generally transparent about sanctions against student organizations for hazing violations, publishing updated lists regularly.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: Texas A&M has faced multiple high-profile hazing incidents, highlighting the challenges of maintaining a safe environment within its tradition-rich organizations.

• In 2021, the Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) fraternity faced allegations of severe hazing that reportedly left pledges with chemical burns. The incident involved pledges being forced to endure strenuous physical activity while corrosive substances, allegedly including industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit, were poured on them. This reportedly caused severe chemical burns requiring extensive medical attention, including skin graft surgeries. The chapter was consequently suspended by the university, and the victims filed a lawsuit seeking substantial damages.
• The Corps of Cadets has also faced allegations of hazing. In 2023, a former cadet filed a lawsuit alleging severe and degrading hazing rituals, including forced simulated sexual acts and being bound in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. While the university stated it handled the matter under its internal regulations, the lawsuit underscored the potential for abuse within even its most esteemed organizations.
• The infamous Aggie Bonfire collapse in 1999, which killed 12 and injured 27, while not traditional hazing, raised critical questions about student-led, high-risk traditions and institutional oversight. Multiple lawsuits against university officials resulted in settlements exceeding $6 million, indirectly prompting reflection on the balance between tradition and safety in student activities.

How a Texas A&M Hazing Case Might Proceed: Hazing cases at Texas A&M involve the university’s internal review processes, the Texas A&M UPD, and potentially the Bryan or College Station Police Departments depending on the incident’s location. Civil suits would be filed in Brazos County courts, targeting individuals, the involved chapter, national organizations, and potentially the university and the Texas A&M System. Sovereign immunity for this public institution is a consideration, but our firm explores all avenues for accountability. For Nebraska families, navigating the legal complexities from a distance benefits significantly from experienced local Texas counsel.

What Texas A&M Students and Parents Should Do: Students must understand that “tradition” does not excuse hazing. Reporting hazing is critical, and A&M’s anonymous reporting options offer some protection. Nebraska parents should actively discuss these risks with their children, encouraging immediate reporting of any questionable activities, and knowing that legal counsel can provide a vital layer of protection and advocacy.

University of Texas at Austin (UT)

The University of Texas at Austin (UT) is the flagship institution of the University of Texas System and a highly sought-after university for students across the globe, including those from Nebraska. Its reputation for academic excellence, vibrant campus life, and passionate school spirit is matched by a large and influential Greek system, alongside numerous spirit and social organizations. Due to its size and prominence, UT has been at the forefront of tackling hazing, often leading to a more transparent public record of incidents.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: UT Austin has a comprehensive anti-hazing policy that is clearly articulated in its institutional handbooks and on its website. It strictly prohibits any act that endangers the mental or physical health and safety of a student for the purpose of initiation or membership. The policy covers all student organizations, active members, and potential members. UT is notable for its commitment to transparency, maintaining a public “Hazing Violations” page that lists organizations, dates of incidents, a description of the conduct, and the resulting sanctions. Students can report hazing through the Office of Student Conduct and Academic Integrity, the University Police Department (UTPD), or various anonymous online forms.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: UT Austin’s public hazing log provides a grim but honest look at the ongoing challenges.

• In 2023, the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity faced disciplinary action after new members were instructed to consume large quantities of milk and perform strenuous calisthenics as part of their new member activities. This was officially designated as hazing, leading to the chapter being placed on probation and mandated to implement new hazing-prevention education.
• Other prominent campus groups, including spirit organizations like the Texas Cowboys and social clubs, have also been sanctioned for hazing. Incidents often involve forced calisthenics, alcohol-related hazing, sleep deprivation, and emotionally degrading practices disguised as “tradition.”
• The university’s transparency, while commendable, also reveals a pattern of repeated violations, suggesting that despite policies and sanctions, hazing culture can be persistent within certain organizations.

How a UT Austin Hazing Case Might Proceed: Hazing incidents occurring at UT Austin typically involve investigations by UTPD and/or the Austin Police Department, depending on the location of the incident. Civil lawsuits would be initiated in Travis County courts. As a public institution, UT Austin may invoke sovereign immunity, but exceptions apply. Legal actions would likely target the individual students involved, the local chapter, the national organization, and potentially the university itself for negligent oversight. The presence of UT’s public hazing log is a significant advantage for potential plaintiffs, as it directly provides documented evidence of prior violations, demonstrating a pattern and institutional knowledge.

What UT Austin Students and Parents Should Do: Students should regularly check UT’s public Hazing Violations page to stay informed about organizations with disciplinary histories. They should understand their right to a safe educational environment and utilize UT’s reporting mechanisms if they encounter hazing. Nebraska parents sending their children to UT Austin should remain vigilant, initiate conversations about hazing, and know that prompt legal consultation can be instrumental in navigating both university procedures and potential legal recourse.

Southern Methodist University (SMU)

Southern Methodist University (SMU), a private institution in Dallas, Texas, attracts a diverse student body, including those from Nebraska, with its strong academic programs and vibrant social scene. SMU is particularly known for its extensive and influential Greek life, which plays a central role in campus social dynamics. As a private university, its internal disciplinary records are generally not as publicly accessible as those of state-funded institutions, which can make independent research into hazing histories more challenging for Nebraska families.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: SMU strictly prohibits hazing, adhering to both Texas state law and its own institutional code of conduct. Its policy clearly defines hazing to include any activity that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of students for the purpose of initiation, admission, or affiliation with any organization. SMU encourages reporting through its Office of Student Conduct & Community Standards, Title IX Office, and SMU Police Department. Anonymous reporting is also available through platforms like Real Response, allowing students to report concerns confidentially.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: While SMU does not maintain a public hazing violation log akin to UT Austin’s, various incidents have been reported in the media and resulted in significant disciplinary action.

• In 2017, the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity faced severe sanctions after allegations of hazing surfaced, reportedly involving physical abuse, forced alcohol consumption, and sleep deprivation. This led to the chapter’s suspension for several years, with restrictions on its ability to recruit new members.
• Other fraternities and sororities at SMU have also faced various forms of institutional discipline, including probation, social restrictions, and temporary suspensions, stemming from violations of SMU’s anti-hazing policies, often involving alcohol-related misconduct or activities deemed demeaning to new members.

How an SMU Hazing Case Might Proceed: As a private university, SMU does not enjoy sovereign immunity protections in the same way public institutions do. This can simplify certain aspects of civil litigation. Hazing cases at SMU would typically involve investigations by SMU Police and/or the Dallas Police Department. Civil lawsuits would be filed in Dallas County courts, potentially naming individuals, the local chapter, the national organization, and SMU itself as defendants. Given the private nature of many of SMU’s records, civil discovery processes (subpoenas for documents, depositions) become exceptionally important for uncovering the full extent of prior hazing, organizational knowledge, and institutional response.

What SMU Students and Parents Should Do: Students and Nebraska parents should be aware that even at private institutions, hazing can occur. Openly discuss the risks, encourage immediate reporting of any concerning activities, and understand that private universities are not immune from legal accountability. For families choosing SMU, retaining an attorney knowledgeable about private university dynamics and aggressive civil discovery practices in Dallas County is crucial for pursuing justice.

Baylor University

Baylor University, located in Waco, Texas, is the largest Baptist university in the world and carries a strong identity rooted in its faith tradition. It attracts students from Nebraska seeking a distinct academic and spiritual environment. Baylor has a unique social landscape, including Greek organizations, but also numerous faith-based groups and athletic teams where hazing can become an issue. Baylor’s history includes significant past scrutiny over its handling of sexual assault allegations, which has placed an intense spotlight on its institutional response protocols and oversight of student welfare.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: Baylor University explicitly prohibits hazing, articulating this ban in its student policies, which define hazing broadly to include any physical or mental punishment, forced servitude, or other activity that compromises the dignity or well-being of a student for the purpose of initiation or affiliation. Baylor provides reporting mechanisms through its Student Affairs division, the Department of Student Activities, Baylor Police Department, and an anonymous tip line. Given its past challenges with institutional accountability, Baylor has stated a renewed commitment to transparent and prompt investigations of student misconduct.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: While not as extensively publicized in recent years for large-scale Greek hazing scandals as some other Texas universities, Baylor has faced incidents, particularly within its athletic programs, that highlight the ongoing presence of hazing.

• In 2020, an investigation into Baylor baseball resulted in the suspension of 14 players for hazing violations. The details of the hazing were not fully disclosed, but the large number of suspensions and the timing (staggered over the early season) indicated a serious breach of policy. This incident placed hazing within athletic teams firmly on Baylor’s disciplinary radar.
• Baylor’s broader commitment to addressing student misconduct has been under intense external scrutiny following its past sexual assault scandal. This historical context means that any new hazing allegations are likely to be met with a more cautious, though potentially still internal, response.

How a Baylor Hazing Case Might Proceed: Legal proceedings involving hazing at Baylor, a private university, would typically unfold in McLennan County courts. Baylor Police Department and/or the Waco Police Department would conduct criminal investigations. Civil actions would target the individuals involved, the local chapter, any affiliated national organization, and Baylor University itself. As a private institution, Baylor does not have sovereign immunity, which can simplify some legal filings compared to public universities. Our firm’s experience in complex cases against large institutions is relevant to navigating claims against institutions with powerful legal defenses.

What Baylor Students and Parents Should Do: Students should fully understand Baylor’s commitment to student safety and its anti-hazing policies, using available reporting channels if they witness or experience hazing. Nebraska parents whose children attend Baylor should recognize that despite any institutional branding, no university is immune to hazing risks. They should prioritize open communication with their children and seek legal advice from an attorney with experience in hazing litigation if concerns arise.

FRATERNITIES & SORORITIES: CAMPUS-SPECIFIC + NATIONAL HISTORIES

For Nebraska families, understanding the web of national Greek organizations and their local chapters at Texas universities is critical. Hazing often isn’t an isolated incident at a single chapter; it’s a pattern of predictable behaviors that are often repeated across an organization’s national network. This section connects the hazing histories of specific national fraternities and sororities with their presence on major Texas campuses—University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor—to illustrate how these patterns create foreseeability and fuel legal liability.

Why national histories matter

When a student from Nebraska is injured or dies due to hazing at a Texas university, a frequent defense is: “This was an isolated incident,” or “The national organization had no knowledge.” However, an experienced hazing attorney understands that this is often far from the truth. Most fraternities and sororities—including those with active chapters at Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, and UH—are part of larger national organizations.

• These national headquarters (HQs) often have extensive anti-hazing manuals, risk management policies, and mandatory training sessions. They developed these policies and procedures precisely because they have a long history of members injured or dying in hazing incidents at other chapters across the country.
• Many hazing rituals, such as forced alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, physical beatings, or humiliating acts, are shockingly similar across different chapters of the same national organization. This indicates not isolated incidents, but rather deeply ingrained “traditions” that are passed down, sometimes even tacitly endorsed or willfully ignored by national leadership.

When a Nebraska student’s child becomes a victim, the legal strategy often involves demonstrating that the national organization had prior knowledge or constructive knowledge of a dangerous pattern. If a Texas chapter repeats a hazing script that previously resulted in death or suspension at another chapter elsewhere, it can powerfully support arguments for negligence, gross negligence, and even punitive damages against the national entity, university, and involved individuals. It proves that the risk was foreseeable and that failure to act was a conscious choice.

Organization mapping (synthesized)

Here, we explore some prominent national Greek organizations with a presence at key Texas universities, highlighting patterns of hazing allegations and incidents that illustrate their national histories and potential for liability.

• Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ / Pike): This fraternity has a significant presence at many Texas universities, including active chapters or recent historical presence at UT Austin and Texas A&M (though some chapters may be suspended). Nationally, Pi Kappa Alpha has faced multiple hazing allegations. Most notably, the 2021 death of Stone Foltz at Bowling Green State University, Ohio, from forced alcohol consumption during a “Big/Little” night, led to multiple criminal convictions and a $2.9 million settlement with the university, alongside other significant settlements with the fraternity. Earlier, the 2012 death of David Bogenberger at Northern Illinois University also resulted from alcohol poisoning during a Pi Kappa Alpha event, leading to a $14 million settlement for his family. These cases show a clear national pattern of alcohol-related hazing.

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ / SAE): SAE is a large national fraternity with chapters at almost all major Texas universities, including UT Austin, Texas A&M, SMU, and Baylor. Sigma Alpha Epsilon nationally has been called “America’s deadliest fraternity” by Bloomberg News, with numerous hazing-related deaths and severe injuries across the country. Incidents include the 2008 death of Carson Starkey at Cal Poly (California) from alcohol poisoning. In 2023, a lawsuit was filed against SAE at the University of Alabama alleging a pledge suffered a traumatic brain injury during hazing. Closer to home, a Texas A&M SAE chapter faced a 2021 lawsuit involving pledges who suffered severe chemical burns from substances poured on them during hazing, requiring skin graft surgeries. In January 2024, the SAE chapter at UT Austin faced a lawsuit from an exchange student alleging assault at a party, occurring while the chapter was already suspended for prior hazing violations. These incidents collectively demonstrate a national and regional pattern of dangerous hazing within SAE.

• Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ): Phi Delta Theta has a long history and presence at many Texas universities, including UT Austin, Texas A&M, SMU, and Baylor. Nationally, Phi Delta Theta made headlines with the 2017 death of Max Gruver at Louisiana State University from alcohol poisoning during a forced “Bible study” drinking game. This tragic event resulted in criminal convictions, civil settlements (including a $6.1 million verdict against individuals and their insurer), and the creation of the Max Gruver Act. This national incident highlights the risks of forced drinking rituals within the fraternity.

• Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ): This fraternity has an active presence at Texas universities, including a chapter at the University of Houston. Nationally, Pi Kappa Phi gained tragic notoriety with the 2017 alcohol-related hazing death of Andrew Coffey at Florida State University during a “Big Brother Night.” The chapter and national organization faced severe repercussions. The ongoing Leonel Bermudez v. University of Houston / Pi Kappa Phi lawsuit, filed by Attorney911 in late 2025 in Harris County, involves allegations of acute kidney failure and rhabdomyolysis sustained by a UH pledge after severe hazing, including forced physical exertion, degrading fanny pack contents, hose spraying “like waterboarding,” forced consumption until vomiting, and numerous calisthenics. This local case directly links a national organization to an alleged severe injury incident in Texas.

• Kappa Alpha Order (KA): Kappa Alpha Order is known for its strong presence across the South, including multiple chapters at Texas universities like UT Austin, Texas A&M, and SMU. While its hazing history might be less dominated by alcohol deaths in recent years compared to some other fraternities, numerous chapters have faced suspensions for various hazing forms, including servitude, physical abuse, and degrading activities. An SMU Kappa Alpha Order chapter, for example, faced a multi-year suspension starting in 2017 for hazing involving paddling, forced drinking, and sleep deprivation, demonstrating recurring issues within the national organization.

Tie back to legal strategy

The recurring nature of hazing incidents across chapters of the same national organization is not merely anecdotal; it forms the bedrock of a powerful legal strategy in civil hazing lawsuits.

• Foreseeability: When a specific type of hazing (e.g., forced alcohol consumption, physical abuse, sleep deprivation) repeatedly leads to injury or death within a national fraternity or sorority, it establishes a pattern of foreseeability. This means the national organization knew, or reasonably should have known, that such conduct was dangerous and likely to cause harm.
• Prior Warnings and Knowledge: An experienced attorney will uncover internal documents, conduct reports, and prior disciplinary actions from other chapters nationwide. This evidence can demonstrate that the national organization received repeated warnings about specific hazing tactics but failed to implement effective preventative measures or enforce meaningful sanctions. This proves more than mere negligence; it can demonstrate gross negligence or deliberate indifference, which opens the door to higher levels of damages, including punitive damages.
• Policy-Practice Gap: While national organizations boast comprehensive anti-hazing policies, discovery often reveals a significant gap between these written rules and their actual enforcement. If policies are merely “paper tigers” and past violations received only minimal punishment, it strengthens the argument that the national organization contributed to a culture where hazing could thrive.

For Nebraska families, understanding these national patterns and legal strategies means that even if a local Texas chapter has no widely publicized hazing history, their national affiliation’s past can still be a critical factor in establishing liability and achieving accountability. This nuanced understanding is what Attorney911 brings to each case.

BUILDING A CASE: EVIDENCE, DAMAGES, STRATEGY

Building a compelling hazing case requires a meticulous approach, leveraging every piece of available evidence to prove not only what happened, but who is responsible and why. Unlike simple accidents, hazing cases often involve secrecy, cover-ups, and powerful institutional defendants. Our firm understands the unique challenges and how to meticulously construct a case that cannot be ignored.

Evidence

In today’s interconnected world, evidence in hazing cases is increasingly digital. However, physical evidence, medical records, and witness testimony remain crucial.

• Digital Communications: This is often the most critical category of evidence in modern hazing cases. Communication platforms like GroupMe, WhatsApp, Signal, Telegram, iMessage, Discord, and Slack are routinely used by fraternities and other organizations to coordinate hazing activities, issue demands to pledges, and even discuss cover-ups. We meticulously preserve:

  • Full message threads: Showing planning, intent, specific instructions, and reactions before, during, and after hazing events.
  • Timestamps and participant identification: Crucial for establishing chronology and involvement.
  • Deleted messages: With digital forensics expertise, we can often recover “deleted” messages from devices or cloud backups, which can be highly incriminating.
    Social media platforms like Instagram (stories, posts, DMs), Snapchat (snaps, stories, chats), TikTok (videos, comments, DMs), and Facebook (posts, Messenger) are also vital. We look for posts or stories documenting hazing events (even if framed as “fun”), photos/videos of injuries or humiliating acts, location tags, and relevant hashtags. Our video on using your cellphone to document a legal case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) highlights the importance of immediate and proper digital evidence collection.

• Photos & Videos: Beyond digital messages, visual evidence is incredibly powerful. This includes:

  • Content filmed by perpetrators: Many hazing incidents are filmed by members themselves, either for “memories” or to enforce compliance. This footage, if obtained, is undeniable proof of what transpired.
  • Injury documentation: Immediate and sequential photographs of any physical injuries (bruises, burns, cuts) are essential. These should be taken from multiple angles, with a ruler or common object for scale, and repeated over several days to show healing progression.
  • Location and scene photos: Images of the house, room, or off-campus venue where hazing occurred, highlighting any relevant details like alcohol bottles, paddles, or debris.

• Internal Organization Documents: These documents, often only accessible through legal discovery, can reveal the premeditated nature of hazing:

  • Pledge manuals or guides: Sometimes these explicitly or implicitly detail hazing “traditions.”
  • Initiation scripts: Showing planned activities and roles.
  • Emails or text messages: From officers or leaders discussing plans, instructions, or attempts to evade detection.
  • National policies and training materials: These often contradict local chapter practices, highlighting a gap in enforcement.

• University Records: Universities maintain extensive records that can be subpoenaed, including:

  • Prior disciplinary records: Documenting past hazing violations, probations, or suspensions of the same chapter or individuals. This establishes a pattern and the university’s knowledge.
  • Incident reports: From campus police, student conduct offices, or residential life.
  • Clery Act reports: Showing incidents of violence, alcohol, or drug violations on campus.
  • Internal emails and communications: Among administrators regarding the organization or specific incidents, which can reveal knowledge or indifference.

• Medical and Psychological Records: These documents objectively detail the harm suffered:

  • Emergency room and hospitalization records: Detailing initial injuries, treatments, and toxicology results (e.g., blood alcohol content, drug screens).
  • Surgery and rehabilitation notes: For severe physical injuries requiring ongoing care.
  • Psychological evaluations: Diagnosing conditions like PTSD, depression, or anxiety stemming from the hazing trauma. These are crucial for demonstrating non-economic damages.

• Witness Testimony: Eyewitness accounts are invaluable. This includes:

  • Pledges and current members: Many, once protected by legal counsel, are willing to provide honest accounts.
  • Former members: Especially those who quit due to hazing, or past members who can corroborate “traditions.”
  • Bystanders: Roommates, RAs, coaches, or other students who observed suspicious activities or the aftermath.

Damages

The goal of a civil hazing lawsuit is to recover damages, which are monetary compensation for the harm suffered. These damages can be broadly categorized as economic and non-economic.

• Medical Bills & Future Care: This covers all costs associated with physical and psychological treatment:

  • Immediate medical expenses for emergency room visits, ambulance transport, and hospitalization.
  • Costs for surgeries, medications, and ongoing physical or occupational therapy.
  • Future medical care, which for catastrophic injuries like brain damage or organ failure (e.g., rhabdomyolysis leading to acute kidney failure, as alleged in the Leonel Bermudez case) can involve multi-million-dollar life care plans.
  • Psychological counseling and medications for PTSD, depression, or anxiety.

• Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: Hazing can disrupt a student’s entire educational and career trajectory:

  • Lost wages if the victim or a parent (for caregiving) misses work.
  • Lost educational opportunities due to missed semesters, forced withdrawals, or academic setbacks.
  • Compensation for lost scholarships and delayed entry into a chosen profession.
  • Severely diminished future earning capacity if injuries lead to permanent disabilities.

• Non-Economic Damages: These address subjective, non-financial types of harm, which are often the most devastating:

  • Physical pain and suffering: From the initial injuries and any ongoing chronic pain.
  • Emotional distress: Including trauma, humiliation, profound shame, and the psychological impact of coercion and abuse.
  • Loss of enjoyment of life: The inability to participate in hobbies, social activities, or daily life as before.
  • Loss of companionship: For severe injuries or wrongful death, this compensates family members for the loss of the victim’s presence and relationship.

• Wrongful Death Damages: In the most tragic cases, families can recover for:

  • Funeral and burial costs.
  • Loss of financial support the deceased would have provided.
  • The immense grief, sorrow, and mental anguish of surviving family members (parents, siblings).
  • Loss of companionship, care, advice, and comfort that the deceased person would have provided. Attorney911 has extensive wrongful death experience (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/), having recovered millions for families in catastrophic cases, including cases for families in Texas.

• Punitive Damages: In cases of extreme recklessness, malice, or deliberate indifference, courts may award punitive damages. These are designed not to compensate the victim, but to punish the defendants for egregious misconduct and to deter similar behavior in the future.

Strategy

A successful hazing lawsuit involves a sophisticated legal strategy that anticipates defenses and systematically builds a robust case. Our firm’s approach is multi-faceted:

• Comprehensive Investigation: We don’t just rely on university reports. We conduct our own thorough investigation, often utilizing private investigators, digital forensics experts, and medical experts to uncover every piece of evidence, including “deleted” messages and hidden records.
• Identifying All Liable Parties: We meticulously identify all potential defendants—individuals, local chapters, national organizations, universities, and sometimes third-party property owners or alcohol providers—to ensure comprehensive accountability and maximize potential recovery.
• Navigating Sovereign Immunity: For public universities like UH, Texas A&M, and UT Austin, sovereign immunity can pose a challenge. However, our attorneys are adept at identifying and pursuing exceptions, such as claims of gross negligence, Title IX violations, or pursuing individual employees in their personal capacity.
• Challenging Insurance Exclusions: Fraternity and university insurance companies often try to deny coverage by claiming hazing is an “intentional act” excluded from policies. Our firm, particularly with Lupe Peña’s background as a former insurance defense attorney (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/), knows precisely how to challenge these denials, arguing for negligent supervision or other covered claims to ensure coverage.
• Protecting the Victim: We prioritize the victim’s well-being and privacy throughout the process, guiding them through tough interviews, coordinating medical and psychological treatment, and ensuring their story is told respectfully and effectively.
• Leveraging National Precedents: We connect each case to national hazing patterns and precedents (like the Piazza or Gruver cases) to demonstrate foreseeability and to counter claims of “isolated incidents,” putting pressure on national organizations to settle.
• Preparation for Trial: While most cases settle, we prepare every case as if it will go to trial. This meticulous preparation and demonstrated willingness to litigate aggressively signal to defendants that we are serious, often leading to more favorable settlements. Our video on client mistakes (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY) also emphasizes the proactive steps clients can take to strengthen their case from the outset.

PRACTICAL GUIDES & FAQS

For parents, students, and witnesses in Nebraska and across Texas, knowing what to do and when can make all the difference in a hazing situation. The immediate aftermath of a hazing incident is fraught with confusion and fear, but informed action can prevent further harm and lay the groundwork for accountability.

For parents

If you are a parent in Nebraska and suspect your child is being hazed at a Texas university, recognizing the signs and knowing how to respond is critical.

• Warning signs of hazing: Your child might exhibit a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral changes. Look for unexplained injuries (bruises, burns, cuts), extreme fatigue or sleep deprivation, and drastic shifts in mood (anxiety, depression, irritability). A sudden secrecy about their organization’s activities, withdrawal from normal social circles, or defensiveness when asked about their group are also major red flags. Physically, rapid weight loss or gain, or signs of alcohol poisoning, should trigger immediate concern.
• How to talk to your child: Approach the conversation with empathy, not judgment. Ask open-ended questions like, “How are things really going with your group? Are you feeling safe and respected?” Emphasize that their safety and well-being are your top priorities, far exceeding any group affiliation. Reassure them that you will support them regardless of their choices.
• If your child is hurt: Get them immediate medical care. Document everything; photograph injuries from multiple angles and at different stages of healing. If they show you messages, screenshot them immediately. For legal questions, consulting a lawyer skilled in Texas hazing cases, such as Attorney911, can help.
• Dealing with the university: Document all communications with university officials. Ask specific questions about their knowledge of prior incidents involving the organization and the actions taken. Be aware that universities may prioritize institutional reputation, making legal counsel essential for true accountability.
• When to talk to a lawyer: If your child has suffered significant physical or psychological harm, or if you feel the university or organization is minimizing the incident, it is time to consult an attorney. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for a confidential evaluation.

For students / pledges

If you’re a student from Nebraska pledging or participating in a group at a Texas university, understanding whether what you’re experiencing is hazing and how to protect yourself is paramount.

• Is this hazing or just tradition?: Ask yourself: Am I being forced to do something I don’t want to do? Is this activity dangerous, illegal, or humiliating? Am I told to keep secrets or lie about what’s happening? If the answer is yes, it’s hazing. These behaviors are designed to initiate or affiliate and endanger your physical or mental health.
• Why “consent” isn’t the end of the story: Even if you “said yes” or “agreed” to participate, Texas law (Texas Education Code § 37.155) explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing charges. The law recognizes that true consent cannot be given under pressure, fear of exclusion, or the threat of social consequences.
• Exiting and reporting safely: You have the legal right to leave any organization at any time. If you are in immediate danger, call 911. You can de-pledge by simply notifying an officer of the organization. If you fear retaliation, notify the Dean of Students, campus police, or a trusted advisor. You can report hazing confidentially through university channels or the National Anti-Hazing Hotline (1-888-NOT-HAZE).
• Good-faith reporting and amnesty: Texas law and most university policies encourage calling for help in emergencies. Many institutions offer amnesty for students who seek aid for themselves or for another, even if underage drinking or hazing was involved. Your safety is always the priority.

For former members / witnesses

If you’re a former member or witness of hazing, your testimony can be crucial in preventing future tragedies and holding perpetrators accountable.

• Acknowledge that coming forward can be difficult due to fear of social repercussions or guilt. However, your testimony can provide critical insights that prevent future harm.
• Explain that your account helps solidify the pattern of hazing, which is vital for civil lawsuits. You may want to seek your own legal advice to understand your rights and protections.
• An attorney can help you navigate your role as a witness, ensuring your safety throughout the process.

Critical mistakes that can destroy your case

For Nebraska families dealing with hazing, certain missteps can severely jeopardize a legal case. Being forewarned about these common mistakes can protect your child’s legal rights and future.

MISTAKES THAT CAN RUIN YOUR HAZING CASE:

1. Letting your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

   • What parents think: “I don’t want them to get in more trouble.”
   • Why it’s wrong: This looks like a cover-up, can be obstruction of justice, and makes proving the case nearly impossible. If evidence is tampered with, a judge or jury might assume it was unfavorable.
   • What to do instead: Preserve everything immediately, even embarrassing or seemingly minor content. Take screenshots of all group chats, texts, and social media interactions.

2. Confronting the fraternity/sorority directly

   • What parents think: “I’m going to give them a piece of my mind.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Your confrontation will immediately alert perpetrators and the organization. They will then lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses, and prepare their defenses, making it much harder for your attorney to gather unbiased information.
   • What to do instead: Document everything privately, then call a lawyer before any direct confrontation.

3. Signing university “release” or “resolution” forms without legal review

   • What universities do: They may pressure families to sign waivers or “internal resolution” agreements to quickly close an investigation.
   • Why it’s wrong: You may inadvertently waive your right to pursue a lawsuit or agree to a settlement that is far below the true value of your case. These agreements are often designed to protect the institution.
   • What to do instead: Do NOT sign anything from the university or the organization without an attorney reviewing it first.

4. Posting details on social media before talking to a lawyer

   • What families think: “I want people to know what happened and warn others.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Defense attorneys will screenshot everything you post, and any inconsistencies can be used against your credibility. It can also inadvertently waive certain legal privileges or complicate the presentation of facts in court.
   • What to do instead: Document your child’s experience privately. Let your lawyer control public messaging strategically, if any.

5. Letting your child go back to “one last meeting” or being isolated with members

   • What fraternities say: “Come talk to us before you do anything drastic; let’s resolve this internally.”
   • Why it’s wrong: This is a tactic used to pressure, intimidate, or extract statements from your child that could be used against them or the case later. Your child will likely be outnumbered and unprepared for their tactics.
   • What to do instead: Once you’re considering legal action, all communication from your child to the organization or university members should cease and go through your lawyer.

6. Waiting “to see how the university handles it”

   • What universities promise: “We’re investigating; let us handle this internally to maintain student privacy.”
   • Why it’s wrong: While universities conduct internal investigations, they are often focused on institutional compliance, not your child’s full compensation or criminal accountability. Evidence disappears rapidly, witnesses graduate, and the statute of limitations continues to run. The university’s process is not a substitute for legal action.
   • What to do instead: Preserve evidence NOW. Consult a lawyer immediately. Remember, university processes are designed for internal discipline, not necessarily for your child’s legal recovery.

7. Talking to insurance adjusters without a lawyer

   • What adjusters say: “We just need your statement to process the claim and get things moving.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Insurance adjusters represent the interests of the insurance company, not your child. Recorded statements can be used against you, and early settlement offers are almost always lowball.
   • What to do instead: Politely inform the adjuster that you have retained legal counsel and that your attorney will be in touch. Decline to offer any statement.

Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
  Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin) have some sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individuals in their personal capacity. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. Every case depends on specific facts—contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for case-specific analysis.

• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
  It can be. Texas law classifies hazing as a Class B misdemeanor by default, but it becomes a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Individual officers can also face charges for failing to report hazing.

• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
  Yes. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. Courts recognize that “consent” under peer pressure, power imbalance, and fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent.

• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit?”
  Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas, but the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. In cases involving cover-ups or fraud, the statute may be tolled (paused). Time is critical—evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, and organizations destroy records. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately.

• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
  Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, knowledge, and foreseeability. Many major hazing cases occurred off-campus and still resulted in significant judgments.

• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
  Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. You can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability.

ABOUT THE MANGINELLO LAW FIRM + CALL TO ACTION

When your family faces a hazing case, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to overcome their tactics. You need Legal Emergency Lawyers™ with a proven track record.

The Manginello Law Firm, operating as Attorney911, is a Houston-based Texas personal injury firm with deep experience in serious injury, wrongful death, and institutional accountability cases. We understand the profound impact hazing has on students and their families, especially for those from Nebraska navigating complex legal challenges in Texas.

Our firm brings unique qualifications to hazing litigation:

• Insurance Insider Advantage (Lupe Peña): Our associate attorney, Lupe Peña, brings invaluable insight and strategy. As a former insurance defense attorney at a national firm (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/), she understands exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies evaluate, and often undervalue, hazing claims. She knows their delay tactics, their coverage exclusion arguments, and their settlement strategies because she used to run their playbook. This gives us a critical edge in securing justice for our clients.

• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions (Ralph Manginello): Managing Partner Ralph Manginello’s experience taking on powerful defendants is unparalleled. He was one of the few Texas attorneys involved in the BP Texas City explosion litigation, a federal court case against a billion-dollar entity. He is admitted to the U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas, equipping him to handle federal aspects of hazing cases. This experience means Attorney911 is not intimidated by national fraternities, universities, or their well-funded defense teams. We have the capability to fight vigorously against any defendant. Ralph Manginello’s complete credentials and case history are detailed at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/.

• Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death and Catastrophic Injury Experience: We have a proven track record in complex wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases, working with economists and medical experts to accurately value cases involving lifelong care needs (like brain injury, permanent disability) or lost lives. We don’t settle cheap; we build cases that force accountability.

• Dual Criminal + Civil Hazing Expertise: Ralph’s membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) underscores our understanding of how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation. When hazing results in criminal charges, Attorney911’s criminal defense experience (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/) means we can advise on both criminal exposure and civil liability, offering unique insights and a comprehensive approach.

For Nebraska families, we bridge the distance, providing experienced Texas counsel who understand the nuances of Texas hazing law and the specific university environments across the state. We delve deep to uncover the truth, leveraging our investigative depth with a network of medical, digital forensics, and psychological experts. We are adept at obtaining hidden evidence—deleted group chats, internal chapter records, and critical university files—to build an unassailable case. We know that hazing cases are different: they involve powerful institutional defendants, complex insurance battles, and sensitive balancing acts between victim privacy and public accountability. Our focus is on thorough investigation and real accountability.

We understand that you are facing one of the most difficult challenges a family can endure. Our job is to get you answers, hold the responsible parties accountable, and help prevent this from happening to another family. We believe in pursuing justice not for bravado or quick settlements, but for genuine accountability that honors your child and helps create safer campus environments.

If your family from Nebraska has been impacted by hazing at any Texas campus – be it the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or any other institution – you have the right to answers and accountability.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We will listen to what happened without judgment, explain your legal options under Texas law, and help you decide on the best path forward for your family. There’s no pressure to hire us on the spot; everything you tell us is confidential.

What to expect in your free consultation:

• We’ll listen to your story with compassion and without judgment.
• We’ll review any evidence you have (photos, texts, medical records). Our video on using your cellphone to document a legal case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) provides guidance on evidence.
• We’ll explain your legal options: a criminal report, a civil lawsuit, pursuing both, or whether other approaches are more appropriate.
• We’ll discuss realistic timelines and what to expect during the legal process.
• We’ll answer all your questions about costs. Remember, we work on a contingency fee basis (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc)—we don’t get paid unless we win your case.
• You are under no obligation to hire us immediately.

Whether you’re in Nebraska or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. Call us today. Learn about Texas statute of limitations in our video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c).

Contact Attorney911 today:

• Emergency Hotline: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct Line: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Website: https://attorney911.com
• Email for Ralph Manginello: ralph@atty911.com
• Email for Lupe Peña: lupe@atty911.com

Hablamos Español: Contact Lupe Peña for consultation in Spanish. Servicios legales en español disponibles.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com