Texas Hazing Law & Lawsuits: A Guide for Renner Families

The call comes late, often in the middle of the night. Your child, a student at a Texas university, is in distress. They’ve been hurt, humiliated, or pushed to their physical and emotional limits by a group they desperately wanted to join. Perhaps they’re at an off-campus fraternity house in Dallas, a spirited social club at Texas A&M, or a club meeting near the vast University of Texas campus. They might be disoriented, intoxicated, or simply terrified. They tell you, often in hushed, ashamed tones, about events no college student should endure – forced excessive drinking, extreme physical challenges, degrading acts, or relentless psychological pressure. This could happen to any Texas student, and for families in Renner, in Dallas County, sending their children to universities across our large state, the fear of hazing is a very real concern.

This is a comprehensive guide for parents and students in Renner and across Texas who are grappling with the reality of hazing. Our goal is to demystify hazing, shed light on the applicable Texas and federal laws, and explain what legal options may be available to victims and their families. We will explore the modern landscape of hazing, drawing from major national cases and connecting these patterns to incidents at our prominent Texas universities, including the University of Houston (UH), Texas A&M University, the University of Texas at Austin (UT), Southern Methodist University (SMU), and Baylor University. We understand the unique concerns of families in Renner, a community that sends its young people to various institutions, and we aim to provide clarity in a deeply confusing and often frightening situation.

Please remember, this article offers general information and is not a substitute for specific legal advice. Every hazing incident is unique, and we encourage anyone affected to seek a confidential evaluation of their individual circumstances. We at The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, are dedicated to serving families throughout Texas, including those in Renner, providing experienced and empathetic legal guidance.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

If your child is in immediate danger RIGHT NOW:

• Call 911 for medical emergencies, without hesitation.
• Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911). We are the Legal Emergency Lawyers™ and can provide immediate guidance.

In the critical first 48 hours:

• Ensure your child receives medical attention immediately, even if they claim to be “fine.” Their health comes first.
• Preserve evidence BEFORE it can be deleted or destroyed:
  • Screenshot all group chats, text messages, and direct messages (DMs) immediately.
  • Photograph any injuries from multiple angles and over several days to document changes.
  • Save any physical items connected to the hazing, such as clothing, receipts for forced purchases, or objects used in the activities.
• Write down everything you or your child remembers while the details are fresh: who was involved, what exactly happened, when it occurred, and where.
• Do NOT:
  • Directly confront the fraternity, sorority, club, or individuals involved. This can lead to evidence destruction or retaliation.
  • Sign any documents presented by the university or an insurance company without legal counsel review. Any early release could waive your rights.
  • Post any details about the incident on public social media platforms. Such posts can compromise your case.
  • Allow your child to delete messages, apps, or attempt to “clean up” any evidence.

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

• Evidence can disappear rapidly as group chats are deleted, objects are discarded, and witnesses are coached.
• Universities and organizations often move quickly to control the narrative following an incident.
• We can help safeguard vital evidence and protect your child’s legal rights.
• Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for an immediate, confidential consultation.

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

For many in Renner and across Dallas County, the word “hazing” might conjure images from decades-old films – a few innocent pranks, maybe some humiliating exercises that end with a handshake. The reality in 2025 is far more insidious, dangerous, and often deeply traumatic. Modern hazing rituals are not harmless rites of passage; they are sophisticated, coercive systems designed to break down individuals, enforce secrecy, and maintain power dynamics, frequently endangering physical and mental health.

Hazing, in plain English, is any forced, coerced, or strongly pressured action tied to joining, maintaining membership in, or gaining status within a group. This behavior endangers one’s physical or mental health, humiliates, or exploits. A crucial point to understand is that a student’s “agreement” or “consent” to activity does not automatically make it safe or legal, especially when peer pressure, fear of exclusion, and an extreme power imbalance are involved.

Main Categories of Modern Hazing

Today’s hazing manifests in several interconnected ways, often escalating through subtle, harassing, and violent tiers:

• Alcohol and Substance Hazing: This is a tragically common and often fatal form of hazing. It involves forced or coerced drinking, often excessive amounts of hard liquor, through “lineups,” chugging contests, “games” that require rapid consumption, or the dreaded “Big/Little reveal” nights. Students may also be pressured to consume unknown substances or illicit drugs. The goal is to induce extreme intoxication, making new members vulnerable and compliant.

• Physical Hazing: Far from mere push-ups, physical hazing today includes brutal beatings, paddling, and extreme calisthenics beyond safe limits, often called “smokings” or “workouts” that cause injury or collapse. Sleep deprivation and food/water deprivation are also common, breaking down physical and mental resistance. Students may be exposed to extreme cold or heat, or forced into dangerous environments, leading to hypothermia, heatstroke, or other medical emergencies.

• Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing: This particularly egregious form of hazing involves forced nudity or partial nudity, simulated sexual acts (like the “roasted pig” position reported in some A&M cases), or wearing degrading costumes. It often includes acts with racial, sexist, or homophobic overtones, using slurs, or forcing individuals to role-play stereotypes. The purpose is to degrade and establish dominance through extreme embarrassment and psychological abuse.

• Psychological Hazing: This can be less visible but equally destructive. It encompasses verbal abuse, relentless threats, social isolation, and relentless demands. New members may endure manipulation, forced confessions, and public shaming, often orchestrated through group meetings or social media. The aim is to instill fear, anxiety, and a feeling of worthlessness, ensuring absolute obedience.

• Digital/Online Hazing: Leveraging modern technology, digital hazing uses platforms like GroupMe, WhatsApp, Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and Discord. This includes group chat dares, “challenges,” public humiliation campaigns, and the relentless monitoring of new members’ online activity. Students might be pressured to create or share compromising images or videos, or be subjected to constant demands and notifications that interfere with sleep and academic focus.

Where Hazing Actually Happens

It’s a common misconception that hazing is limited to “frat boys.” The painful truth is that hazing is deeply entrenched across a wide array of campus organizations, impacting students in Renner who participate in these groups:

• Fraternities and Sororities: This includes Greek life organizations affiliated with all councils – Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic, National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and various multicultural Greek organizations.
• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / Military-Style Groups: These groups, particularly prominent at Texas A&M, often have long-standing, tradition-laden practices that can cross the line into hazing.
• Spirit Squads, Tradition Clubs, and Student Groups: Organizations like those involved in school spirit, honor societies, or even seemingly innocent clubs can harbor hazing rituals. Examples include groups that perform public stunts or uphold old campus “traditions” that abuse new members.
• Athletic Teams: From football and basketball to swimming, cheerleading, and dance, hazing can be prevalent in collegiate sports programs. The focus on team bonding can sometimes be twisted into abusive initiation.
• Marching Bands and Performance Groups: Even seemingly benign groups often have internal “traditions” that involve hazing, whether physical challenges, sleep deprivation, or psychological subjugation.
• Some Service, Cultural, and Academic Organizations: Any group that requires new members to “earn” their place is susceptible to hazing practices.

The unfortunate reality is that social status, the allure of tradition, and an intense culture of secrecy often allow these harmful practices to persist, even when participants are fully aware that hazing is illegal and explicitly prohibited by their universities and national organizations. For families in Renner, it’s crucial to understand that their child could face hazing in almost any campus setting.

Law & Liability Framework (Texas + Federal)

For families in Renner and across Texas grappling with the complexities of a hazing incident, understanding the legal landscape is paramount. Texas has specific laws designed to combat hazing, and federal regulations also play a role, providing avenues for both criminal prosecution and civil recourse.

Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code)

Texas has a robust set of anti-hazing provisions enshrined in its Education Code, specifically Chapter 37, Subchapter F. This legislation broadly defines hazing as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, committed on or off campus, by a person acting alone or with others, directed against a student. For an act to be classified as hazing under Texas law, it must occur for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization primarily composed of students, and crucially, it must endanger the mental or physical health or safety of a student.

This definition is critical because:

• Location doesn’t matter: Hazing is illegal whether it occurs on university grounds, at an off-campus house, in another city, or even across state lines if the group is based in Texas.
• Both physical and mental harm are covered: This includes physical abuse, forced substance consumption, extreme sleep deprivation, but also severe humiliation, terrorization, or psychological manipulation.
• Intent is broad: It doesn’t require malicious intent. If someone was reckless – meaning they recognized the substantial risk of harm and disregarded it – that’s enough to meet the legal definition.
• “Consent” is not a defense: Texas law explicitly states that a student’s “agreement” or “consent” to hazing activities is not a valid legal defense. This recognizes the inherent power imbalance and peer pressure that often compel students to participate.

Under Texas law:

• Criminal Penalties: Hazing can lead to criminal charges with escalating penalties. By default, hazing that doesn’t cause serious injury is a Class B Misdemeanor. If the hazing causes injury requiring medical treatment, it becomes a Class A Misdemeanor. Most significantly, if hazing causes serious bodily injury or death, it can be prosecuted as a State Jail Felony. Furthermore, individuals who are aware of hazing and fail to report it can face misdemeanor charges, as can those who retaliate against someone who reports hazing.
• Organizational Liability: Beyond individual members, the organizations themselves (fraternities, sororities, clubs, teams) can be held criminally responsible. An organization may be fined up to $10,000 per violation if it authorized or encouraged the hazing, or if an officer or active member, acting in their official capacity, knew about the hazing and failed to report it. Universities also have the power to revoke recognition or ban hazing organizations from campus.
• Reporter Protections: Texas law provides immunity from civil or criminal liability for individuals who report a hazing incident in good faith to university authorities or law enforcement. This provision aims to encourage reporting without fear of reprisal. Additionally, in life-threatening medical emergencies, many university policies and a growing number of laws offer amnesty for students seeking help, even if underage drinking or other minor offenses were involved.

It’s important to remember that this is a simplified summary. The actual law contains more technical language and nuances, which is why a seasoned attorney’s interpretation is invaluable.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases

When a hazing incident occurs, it can trigger two distinct legal pathways:

• Criminal Cases: These are initiated by the state (through a local district attorney or prosecutor) and aim to punish individuals or organizations for violating criminal laws. Charges can range from misdemeanor hazing offenses, furnishing alcohol to minors, and assault, to more severe charges like negligent homicide or manslaughter in cases of serious injury or death. The focus here is on accountability to society through penalties like fines, imprisonment, or probation.
• Civil Cases: These are brought by the victims (or their surviving family members in wrongful death cases) against the individuals, organizations, or institutions deemed responsible for the harm. The primary goal of a civil lawsuit is to obtain monetary compensation for the damages suffered. Civil hazing lawsuits often allege:
  • Negligence and Gross Negligence: That defendants acted carelessly or with extreme disregard for safety.
  • Wrongful Death: When a hazing incident leads to a fatality.
  • Negligent Hiring or Supervision: For institutions like universities that may have failed to properly oversee staff or student organizations.
  • Premises Liability: If the hazing occurred on property where the owner failed to provide a safe environment.
  • Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress: For the psychological harm caused.

A crucial point for families in Renner is that a criminal conviction is not required (or even necessary) to pursue a civil case. The burden of proof is also lower in civil cases (“preponderance of the evidence” vs. “beyond a reasonable doubt”). These two types of cases can, and often do, proceed concurrently.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond Texas state law, federal regulations also impact how hazing is addressed on college campuses:

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This significant piece of federal legislation mandates that colleges and universities receiving federal funding must:
  • Increase transparency by publicly sharing more data about hazing incidents.
  • Bolster their hazing education and prevention programs.
  • Maintain and report public hazing data in a phased approach, expected to be fully implemented around 2026. This act aims to provide families across the nation, including those in Renner, with clearer information about hazing on campuses.
• Title IX / Clery Act:
  • Title IX: If hazing involves sexual harassment, sexual assault, gender-based hostility, or other forms of sex-based discrimination, it can trigger a university’s obligations under Title IX. This federal law prohibits sex discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.
  • Clery Act: The Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act requires colleges and universities to disclose information about crime on and around their campuses. Hazing incidents involving assaults, alcohol-related offenses, or other crimes often fall under Clery reporting requirements.

Who Can Be Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit

Determining who is legally responsible for hazing injuries can be complex, but several parties may be held liable in a civil lawsuit:

• Individual Students: Those who actively planned, orchestrated, participated in, or directly carried out the hazing acts, or who supplied the alcohol or drugs, can face personal liability. This often includes chapter officers, “pledge educators,” or older members.
• Local Chapter / Organization: The specific fraternity, sorority, club, or athletic team, if it operates as a legal entity, can be sued. This is often the primary target when the organization’s culture or leadership enabled the hazing.
• National Fraternity / Sorority Headquarters: These national bodies, which regulate local chapters, often face lawsuits. Liability can stem from their failure to properly supervise, enforce anti-hazing policies, or address known patterns of hazing within their organization. Evidence of prior hazing incidents at other chapters can be critical here.
• University or Governing Board: The educational institution itself, or its governing board (like the Board of Regents), may be sued. Liability can be established if the university was negligent in its oversight, failed to enforce its own policies, or showed deliberate indifference to known hazing risks.
• Third Parties:
  • Property Owners/Landlords: Owners of off-campus houses, Airbnbs, or other venues where hazing occurred may be liable if they knew or should have known about the dangerous activities.
  • Alcohol Vendors: Bars, liquor stores, or even individuals who negligently provided large quantities of alcohol to minors or to the hazing event may face liability under dram shop laws or social host liability principles.
  • Security Companies: If security was hired for an event but failed in their duty to prevent hazing, they could also be held responsible.

It is crucial to understand that every hazing case is fact-specific. Not every party listed above will be liable in every situation. An experienced attorney can carefully analyze the unique details of an incident to identify all potentially liable parties and build a comprehensive case for accountability.

National Hazing Case Patterns (Anchor Stories)

When a hazing tragedy strikes near Renner or at any Texas university, it often feels like an isolated incident. However, these events frequently echo patterns seen in devastating cases nationwide. These national “anchor stories” are not just headlines; they are legal precedents that inform how hazing cases are built and fought in Texas courts. They powerfully illustrate the dangers, the institutional failures, and the potential for accountability.

Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern

The most common and lethal thread in hazing cases involves forced or excessive alcohol consumption.

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State University, Beta Theta Pi (February 2017): Timothy Piazza, a 19-year-old pledge, died after a “bid acceptance” event where he was forced to consume dangerous amounts of alcohol. He fell repeatedly, suffering traumatic brain injuries, while fraternity brothers delayed calling for help for nearly 12 hours. The incident, partly captured by the chapter’s own surveillance cameras, led to dozens of criminal charges against fraternity members and extensive civil litigation. In response, Pennsylvania enacted the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law, one of the toughest in the nation. This case showed how extreme intoxication, a horrific delay in seeking medical aid, and a pervasive culture of silence can be legally devastating for both individuals and organizations.
• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (November 2017): Andrew Coffey, a 20-year-old pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night.” He was coerced into drinking an entire bottle of liquor. The incident led to criminal hazing charges against several members and prompted Florida State to temporarily suspend all Greek life, overhauling its anti-hazing policies. Coffey’s death highlighted how seemingly ritualistic “drinking nights” are a tragically repeating script for disaster within Greek organizations.
• Max Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (September 2017): Max Gruver, an 18-year-old pledge, died after a “Bible study” drinking game where he was forced to drink if he answered questions incorrectly. His blood alcohol content was dangerously high. Gruver’s death spurred the creation of the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, making felony hazing a reality in the state. His family secured a confidential civil settlement and a significant jury verdict against a member and the chapter’s insurer, demonstrating that legislative change and civil accountability often follow public outrage over clear hazing evidence.
• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (March 2021): Stone Foltz, a 20-year-old pledge, died after being forced to consume an entire bottle of whiskey during a “Big/Little” night. The incident resulted in multiple criminal convictions for fraternity members, including the chapter president. The Foltz family reached a $10 million settlement in 2023, with approximately $7 million from the national Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity and nearly $3 million from Bowling Green State University. This landmark settlement underscored that universities can face significant financial and reputational consequences for their role in hazing deaths, alongside the fraternities themselves.

Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Beyond alcohol, physical and psychologically brutal rituals are another dangerous pattern.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (December 2013): Michael Deng, a 19-year-old pledge, died from fatal head injuries during a fraternity retreat in Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains. He was blindfolded, forced to wear a heavy backpack, and repeatedly tackled during a brutal “glass ceiling” ritual. Fraternity members tragically delayed seeking medical help. Multiple individuals were convicted of criminal charges, including the national fraternity itself, which was convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter and subsequently banned from Pennsylvania for a decade. This case proved that seemingly remote, off-campus “retreats” can be as dangerous or more so than on-campus parties, and that national organizations can face severe criminal and civil sanctions.

Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse

Hazing extends far beyond Greek life, infiltrating high-profile athletic programs as well.

• Northwestern University Football (2023–2025): In 2023, former football players came forward with allegations of widespread sexualized and racist hazing within the Northwestern football program over many years. The scandal led to multiple lawsuits against the university and coaching staff, the firing of head coach Pat Fitzgerald (who later settled a wrongful-termination suit confidentially), and deep introspection at the institution. This case powerfully revealed that hazing is not confined to fraternities and sororities; even major, multi-million-dollar athletic programs can harbor systemic and deeply abusive practices.

What These Cases Mean for Texas Families

These national stories, while geographically distant from Renner, reveal common threads that are highly relevant to hazing incidents at Texas universities: forced drinking, extreme humiliation, severe physical abuse, chronic sleep deprivation, egregious delays or denials of medical care, and concerted cover-up efforts. These patterns of conduct are tragically replicated on campuses across our state, including at UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor.

It is a stark reality that significant reforms and multi-million-dollar civil settlements often only occur after a tragedy has unfolded and through persistent legal action. For families in Renner and other Dallas County communities who find themselves facing hazing at a Texas university, these national lessons provide a critical framework. They show that accountability is possible, that institutions can be held responsible, and that their struggle is part of a larger fight for student safety.

Texas Focus: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

Families in Renner, part of Dallas County, often send their children to universities across Texas. Whether studying in Houston, College Station, Austin, or right here in the Dallas area, these students can confront the serious issue of hazing. This section delves into the specifics of five major Texas universities, exploring their policies, notable incidents, and how legal cases might proceed for students attending them, with particular attention to how these impact Renner families.

5.1 University of Houston (UH)

The University of Houston, a vibrant urban campus, is roughly 250 miles south of Renner. Many students from Dallas County communities attend UH, drawn by its diverse programs and career opportunities.

5.1.1 Campus & culture snapshot

UH is one of Texas’s largest and most diverse universities, known for its strong academic programs, particularly in engineering, business, and law. It boasts an active Greek life with a multitude of fraternities and sororities (IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, and MGC organizations), as well as numerous other student clubs and sports programs. The campus environment is a mix of residential students and commuters, fostering a dynamic but sometimes challenging social scene.

5.1.2 Official hazing policy & reporting channels

UH maintains a clear anti-hazing policy that prohibits any reckless or intentional act directed against a student for the purpose of initiation or affiliation that endangers their mental or physical health or safety. This policy applies both on-campus and off-campus and explicitly forbids activities such as forced alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, physical mistreatment, and mental distress. UH provides reporting channels through the Dean of Students Office, the Student Conduct Office, the Center for Fraternity & Sorority Life, and the University of Houston Police Department (UHPD). The university also publishes a general hazing statement and some conduct information on its website.

5.1.3 Example incident & response

In 2016, a particularly severe incident involving the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity at UH highlighted the dangers of hazing. Pledges were allegedly subjected to extreme deprivation, including insufficient food, water, and sleep over several days. One student reportedly suffered a lacerated spleen after being slammed onto a table or similar surface during the hazing. The local chapter faced misdemeanor hazing charges from law enforcement and was subsequently suspended by the university. While details are often limited by student privacy laws, later public references have shown other fraternities at UH facing disciplinary action for similar behaviors designed to produce mental or physical discomfort, often involving alcohol misuse and policy violations, leading to suspensions and probationary periods.

5.1.4 How a UH hazing case might proceed

For a Renner family whose child attends UH and experiences hazing, legal proceedings could involve multiple jurisdictions. Investigations might be conducted by UHPD or the Houston Police Department, depending on where the incident occurred. Civil lawsuits would likely be filed in courts within Harris County, where Houston is located. Potential defendants in such a case could include the individual students involved, the local chapter itself, the national fraternity or sorority organization, and potentially the University of Houston and property owners if the incident took place on their premises. Our experience with complex litigation in Houston and Harris County makes us particularly adept at navigating these cases.

5.1.5 What UH students & parents should do

• Report to UH authorities: Utilize UH’s official reporting channels through the Dean of Students, Student Conduct, or UHPD immediately. You can find detailed information on their websites.
• Document prior complaints: If you hear of or suspect hazing, try to discreetly gather any information about prior complaints or incidents involving the same organization. This can be critical evidence.
• Consult a Houston-based hazing lawyer: An attorney experienced in hazing cases in the Houston area can help uncover prior disciplinary actions and internal university files that may not be publicly accessible. This local expertise is vital for Houston-related claims.
• Preserve digital evidence: Ensure all GroupMe chats, texts, photos, and videos related to the hazing are immediately screenshot and backed up, as university and police investigations often move quickly.
• Seek medical and psychological support: Prioritize your child’s physical and mental health. Medical documentation is crucial for any potential legal claim.

5.2 Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University in College Station is approximately 170 miles south of Renner. It’s a popular destination for Dallas County students seeking a unique campus culture, particularly those interested in its engineering and agricultural programs, and the famed Corps of Cadets.

5.2.1 Campus & culture snapshot

Texas A&M is renowned for its deep-seated traditions, strong alumni network, and the prominent Corps of Cadets, which fosters a military-style environment. Its Greek life is also substantial, with active IFC, Panhellenic, MGC, and NPHC chapters. The campus culture emphasizes loyalty, tradition, and a strong sense of community, which, when misdirected, can unfortunately become fertile ground for hazing within both Greek organizations and some Corps units.

5.2.2 Official hazing policy & reporting channels

Texas A&M’s Uniform Standard for Hazing Prevention prohibits hazing by any student organization, including Greek life and the Corps of Cadets. Their policy broadly aligns with state law, defining hazing as any act that endangers mental or physical health for initiation or affiliation purposes. They offer reporting through the Office of Student Conduct, the Office of Fraternity & Sorority Life, the Commandant of the Corps of Cadets, and the Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD). The university is actively involved in hazing prevention education.

5.2.3 Example incident & response

Texas A&M has faced significant hazing issues within both its Greek system and the Corps of Cadets.

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon Lawsuits (around 2021): Multiple lawsuits were filed by former pledges alleging severe hazing that included being covered in caustic substances, including an industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit. This resulted in severe chemical burns requiring emergency skin graft surgeries for some individuals. The local SAE chapter was suspended by the university, and the plaintiffs sought substantial damages from the fraternity.
• Corps of Cadets Lawsuit (2023): A lawsuit revealed allegations of degrading hazing within the Corps, including simulated sexual acts and a cadet being bound between beds in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. The plaintiff sought over $1 million in damages, highlighting the extent of abuse within some Corps units despite official anti-hazing stances. Texas A&M stated it addressed the matter through internal disciplinary processes.

5.2.4 How a Texas A&M hazing case might proceed

For a Renner family navigating a hazing incident at Texas A&M, local law enforcement (College Station Police Department or Brazos County Sheriff’s Office) and UPD would likely be involved. Civil litigation would proceed in Brazos County courts. Cases often scrutinize both the Greek life organizations and, uniquely, the Corps of Cadets’ traditions. Claims might target individual perpetrators, the local chapters, national fraternities, the university, and even specific leadership within the Corps if negligence or deliberate indifference can be proven.

5.2.5 What Texas A&M students & parents should do

• Understand A&M’s unique culture: Be aware that A&M’s strong traditions can sometimes be exploited for hazing, especially within the Corps.
• Report to multiple channels: Considering the dual structure of Greek life and the Corps, reporting to the Office of Student Conduct, the Office of Fraternity & Sorority Life, and the Commandant’s Office (for Corps-related hazing) is advisable.
• Seek external legal counsel specializing in hazing: An attorney can cut through potential institutional resistance and identify patterns of abuse that may be dismissed internally as “tradition.”
• Document everything related to “traditions”: Any written or verbal rules about traditions or unwritten expectations, especially those tied to new member status or Corps ranking, can be telling.
• Be prepared for a possibly protracted process: Hazing claims against deeply traditional institutions like A&M or strong national fraternities can often be complex and lengthy.

5.3 University of Texas at Austin (UT)

The University of Texas at Austin is a flagship institution, approximately 200 miles south of Renner. It’s a prime choice for high-achieving Dallas County students, renowned for its diverse academic programs and vibrant capital city environment.

5.3.1 Campus & culture snapshot

UT Austin is home to one of the largest and most active Greek life systems in the nation, with an array of IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, and multicultural Greek organizations, as well as a range of spirit organizations and sports clubs that contribute to its rich, energetic campus dynamic. The university’s size and social scene provide ample opportunities for involvement, but also challenges in ensuring consistent oversight across all student groups.

5.3.2 Official hazing policy & reporting channels

UT Austin has a stringent anti-hazing policy that mirrors Texas law, prohibiting any act causing mental or physical harm for initiation or affiliation. What sets UT apart is its commitment to transparency: the university maintains a publicly accessible Hazing Reporting Dashboard (hazing.utexas.edu) that lists organizations, dates of incidents, a description of the conduct, and the disciplinary sanctions imposed. This public database is a crucial resource for Renner families researching campus safety. Reporting can be made through the Office of the Dean of Students (via the Online Reporting Form), the University Compliance Services (EthicsPoint Hotline), the Counseling and Mental Health Center, or the University of Texas Police Department (UTPD).

5.3.3 Example incident & response

UT Austin’s public dashboard provides numerous examples.

• Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): The fraternity was found to have directed new members to consume milk and engage in strenuous calisthenics, which the university classified as hazing. The chapter was placed on probation, required to complete extensive hazing-prevention education, and faced other restrictions.
• Other groups: Historically, other student and spirit organizations, such as the Texas Wranglers, have faced sanctions for various hazing activities, including forced physical workouts, alcohol-related hazing, and punishment-based practices targeting new members. These repeated violations, despite the university’s transparency, underscore the persistent challenge of hazing.

5.3.4 How a UT Austin hazing case might proceed

If a Renner student is hazed at UT, UTPD or the Austin Police Department would likely lead criminal investigations. Civil lawsuits would typically be filed in Travis County, where Austin is located. UT Austin’s prior public hazing violations are a significant element in civil cases, as they can demonstrate a pattern of conduct and the university’s knowledge of ongoing issues within specific organizations. This strengthens arguments related to negligent supervision against the university and its associated Greek organizations.

5.3.5 What UT Austin students & parents should do

• Utilize UT’s transparency: Regularly check the UT Hazing Reporting Dashboard (hazing.utexas.edu) to understand the history of organizations your child might join. This is an invaluable tool for Renner families.
• Document prior violations: If a fraternity or organization your child is involved with has a history of violations on the public dashboard, document these entries. This information can be critical in building a case.
• Report through official channels: Given UT’s robust reporting system, follow their guidelines for reporting to the Dean of Students.
• Preserve ALL communications: Screenshots of texts, GroupMe chats, and social media posts are crucial. UT’s transparent policy means they may be more open to investigating, and digital evidence provides irrefutable proof.
• Seek legal counsel familiar with Texas hazing laws: An attorney can leverage UT’s transparent reporting and other evidence to pursue accountability effectively.

5.4 Southern Methodist University (SMU)

Southern Methodist University, situated directly in Dallas, just south of Renner, is a private university favored by many Dallas County families. Its close proximity makes it a particularly relevant concern for those in the Renner area.

5.4.1 Campus & culture snapshot

SMU is a prestigious private university known for its beautiful campus, strong academic programs, and vibrant, often affluent, student body. Greek life plays a particularly prominent role in the social fabric of SMU, with a high percentage of students participating in fraternities and sororities from IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, and multicultural councils. This strong Greek presence, while offering many positive experiences, also creates a significant potential for hazing.

5.4.2 Official hazing policy & reporting channels

SMU has a comprehensive anti-hazing policy that is clearly defined on its website, aligning with Texas state law. The policy explicitly prohibits any act that endangers mental or physical health for the purpose of initiation or affiliation. SMU emphasizes a “zero-tolerance” approach and provides multiple avenues for reporting, including the Dean of Students, the Office of Student Conduct, the Office of Fraternity & Sorority Life, the SMU Police Department (SMU PD), and various anonymous reporting systems such as Ethicspoint and Real Response.

5.4.3 Example incident & response

Hazing incidents have occurred within SMU’s Greek system.

• Kappa Alpha Order (2017): This fraternity faced severe disciplinary action after new members were reportedly paddled, forced to consume alcohol, and subjected to sleep deprivation. The local chapter was suspended by the university and faced significant restrictions on its activities and recruitment for several years. This incident highlighted the university’s willingness to act decisively, even against prominent organizations.
• SMU has also dealt with numerous other hazing allegations across various fraternities within its IFC and Panhellenic systems, often leading to suspensions, loss of recognition, or modified recruitment processes.

5.4.4 How an SMU hazing case might proceed

Given SMU’s location, criminal investigations involving Renner students on campus or nearby would be handled by SMU PD or the Dallas Police Department. Civil lawsuits would proceed in Dallas County courts. As a private university, SMU’s internal reporting and disciplinary actions may not be as publicly transparent as those of public institutions like UT Austin. However, this does not shield them from liability. Civil litigation can compel SMU to disclose internal records, policy enforcement details, and prior incident reports that may not be available to the public.

5.4.5 What SMU students & parents should do

• Be extra vigilant about Greek life cultures: Given the strong Greek presence at SMU, Renner families should closely monitor their student’s experience, especially during new member periods.
• Familiarize yourself with SMU’s reporting tools: Make sure you and your child know how to use anonymous reporting systems like Ethicspoint or Real Response, which SMU actively promotes.
• Contact a Dallas-area hazing attorney: An attorney with local experience can skillfully navigate the specifics of cases involving private institutions like SMU, including how to uncover internal documentation.
• Preserve all digital footprints: Because of the strong social media culture prevalent among SMU students, digital evidence from platforms like Instagram, Snapchat, and GroupMe is often abundant and critically important.
• Understand private vs. public university differences: While SMU acts decisively, their internal processes and transparency differ from public universities. Legal action can be instrumental in obtaining full disclosure.

5.5 Baylor University

Baylor University in Waco, approximately 90 miles south of Renner, is another key university for students from Dallas County looking for a faith-based educational environment, particularly known for its strong pre-med, business, and law programs.

5.5.1 Campus & culture snapshot

Baylor is a private Christian university with a unique culture that blends academic rigor with its religious mission. While Greek life exists across IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, and multicultural councils, it operates within a framework that emphasizes Christian values. Baylor also has a highly visible athletic department, which has faced its own share of scrutiny in recent years. This distinct environment means that hazing practices can sometimes be justified under the guise of tradition, discipline, or character building, despite official prohibitions.

5.5.2 Official hazing policy & reporting channels

Baylor University has an explicit, strict anti-hazing policy that is clearly communicated to students and aligns with Texas law. This policy defines hazing broadly to include any ritual, practice, or act that might harm or degrade a student as part of admission or affiliation. Baylor maintains a “zero-tolerance” stance on hazing and encourages reporting through its Title IX Office, its Dean of Students, the Baylor Police Department (BUPD), and its confidential online reporting tool, Baylor Aware.

5.2.3 Example incident & response

Baylor’s athletic programs have been under scrutiny for hazing incidents.

• Baylor Baseball Hazing (2020): 14 Baylor baseball players were suspended following an extensive investigation into hazing within the team. The suspensions were staggered through the early part of the season. This incident, while not related to Greek life, demonstrated that hazing is a pervasive issue across different types of student organizations, even within areas where the university maintains strong oversight. This and other incidents must be understood in the context of Baylor’s broader institutional challenges and prior scandals related to oversight and student safety, particularly concerning its football program and Title IX investigations.

5.2.4 How a Baylor hazing case might proceed

For a Renner family whose child experiences hazing at Baylor, criminal investigations would be handled by BUPD or the Waco Police Department. Civil lawsuits would likely proceed in McLennan County courts. Cases against Baylor often involve navigating its private university status and its historical emphasis on internal resolution, which can sometimes operate with less public transparency than state institutions. Our firm’s experience with complex litigation against institutions of all types, regardless of their public or private status, prepares us to compel discovery and demand accountability from Baylor and affiliated organizations.

5.2.5 What Baylor students & parents should do

• Focus on the “values” vs. “reality” gap: Families should scrutinize whether an organization’s stated values (e.g., Christian fellowship, academic excellence) are genuinely reflected in its new member activities. Hazing often creates a stark contrast.
• Report promptly and through multiple channels: Use Baylor’s official reporting tools like Baylor Aware or contact the Title IX Office and Dean of Students.
• Be persistent in seeking answers: Private universities like Baylor may have less public pressure for immediate transparency. Legal counsel can help in demanding full disclosure and accountability.
• Document instances of “tradition” being used to justify abuse: If an activity is defended as “tradition,” document precisely what it entails, as this can be a key point in proving hazing.
• Understand Baylor’s institutional context: Be aware of Baylor’s history of managing student conduct and its prior challenges, which can influence how hazing incidents are addressed.

Fraternities & Sororities: Campus-Specific + National Histories

For Renner families, understanding hazing means looking beyond the local chapter on a specific campus. Many of the organizations active at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor are part of vast national networks. These national organizations, despite their public statements against hazing, often have documented, tragic histories of their own, which are highly relevant to any hazing incident occurring in Texas.

6.1 Why National Histories Matter

The reality is that national fraternity and sorority headquarters often have extensive anti-hazing manuals and sophisticated risk management policies. These exist not merely as bureaucratic exercises, but because these organizations have a documented history of deaths, catastrophic injuries, and systemic abuse at their chapters nationwide. They know, from repeated experience, the patterns: forced drinking nights, physically abusive “traditions,” and humiliating rituals.

When a local chapter in Texas, whether at SMU in Dallas, UT Austin, or Texas A&M, repeats the same scripts—the “Big Brother” alcohol force, the “pledge push-ups,” the degrading antics—that caused tragedy at another chapter in a different state, this demonstrates foreseeability. It strongly suggests that the national organization knew, or should have known, that such practices were dangerous but failed to take sufficient action to prevent them. This pattern evidence can be crucial in proving negligence or gross negligence and can significantly increase the potential for punitive damages against national entities.

6.2 Organization Mapping (Synthesized)

While rosters change, many core fraternities and sororities are present across these major Texas campuses. Here, we highlight some organizations with nationally known hazing histories that frequently appear in settlements, lawsuits, or high-profile incidents:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ / Pike):

  • Identity: A large national fraternity with chapters across numerous campuses, including UH, Texas A&M, UT, and Baylor. Known for a strong emphasis on brotherhood and social life.
  • National Hazing History: Long and troubled history with alcohol-related hazing. The tragic Stone Foltz death at Bowling Green State (2021) involved a pledge forced to drink an entire bottle of whiskey, resulting in a $10 million settlement against the national fraternity and university. David Bogenberger’s death at Northern Illinois (2012) also involved excessive alcohol, leading to a $14 million settlement. These are just two of many incidents that underscore a pattern of dangerous new member events.

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ / SAE):

  • Identity: One of the largest national fraternities, present at UH, Texas A&M, UT, and SMU. Known for its extensive alumni network.
  • National Hazing History: SAE has faced multiple hazing-related deaths and severe injuries nationwide. Tragedies like Carson Starkey’s death from alcohol poisoning in 2008 demonstrated a pattern, leading the national organization to (temporarily) eliminate pledging. More recently, a traumatic brain injury lawsuit was filed against a chapter at the University of Alabama (2023). In Texas, SAE chapters have faced scrutiny: a $1 million lawsuit was filed at Texas A&M (2021) alleging chemical burns from industrial cleaner, eggs, and spit being poured on pledges, and a $1 million+ lawsuit was filed against the University of Texas at Austin chapter (2024) for an alleged assault.

• Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ):

  • Identity: A prominent national fraternity with chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor.
  • National Hazing History: The death of Max Gruver at LSU (2017) after a forced alcohol “Bible study” game directly led to Louisiana’s felony hazing law. The Gruver family settled civil claims for a substantial amount, highlighting the national’s responsibility. Other chapters have also faced suspensions for similar alcohol-related hazing.

• Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ):

  • Identity: A national fraternity with a significant presence across campuses, including UH, Texas A&M, and UT.
  • National Hazing History: The death of Andrew Coffey at Florida State (2017) from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event (where pledges were given handles of hard liquor) demonstrates a recurring dangerous culture. This incident led to criminal prosecutions and a confidential civil settlement.

• Kappa Alpha Order (ΚΑ):

  • Identity: A traditional national fraternity with strong Southern roots, found at Texas A&M and SMU, among other Texas schools.
  • National Hazing History: Has faced numerous hazing suspensions at various universities, including its SMU chapter (2017), which was sanctioned for paddling, forced alcohol consumption, and sleep deprivation. These incidents underscore a pattern of physically and psychologically abusive “traditions.”

• Beta Theta Pi (ΒΘΠ):

  • Identity: A respected national fraternity with chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, and SMU.
  • National Hazing History: The Timothy Piazza tragedy at Penn State (2017), where a pledge suffered fatal brain injuries after extreme alcohol consumption and delayed medical care, is one of the most well-known hazing cases. The criminal and civil actions that followed were monumental, illustrating the national’s potential liability when chapters engage in such conduct.

• Phi Gamma Delta (ΦΓΔ / FIJI):

  • Identity: A national fraternity with a presence at Texas A&M and several other Texas schools.
  • National Hazing History: The devastating case of Danny Santulli at the University of Missouri (2021), where a pledge suffered severe, permanent brain damage after being forced to consume excessive alcohol, resulted in multi-million dollar settlements with 22 defendants, including the fraternity. This case stands as a stark example of catastrophic non-fatal hazing injury and the broad liability it can trigger.

6.3 Tie Back to Legal Strategy

These national patterns are not mere historical footnotes; they form the bedrock of a robust legal strategy. They demonstrate how:

• Foreseeability: Organizations repeatedly engaging in similar dangerous practices across multiple chapters cannot claim ignorance when a tragedy strikes. Their national histories provide explicit warnings that their policies and enforcement were insufficient.
• Settlement Leverage: Armed with documented histories, plaintiffs often gain significant leverage in settlement negotiations. National organizations, facing continued reputational damage and the risk of massive jury verdicts, are often compelled to settle.
• Insurance Coverage: While insurers may initially try to deny coverage for “intentional acts” (a common defense tactic we address), an experienced hazing attorney can argue that the national organization’s (or university’s) negligence in supervision or enforcement of policies was the true cause of the injury, thereby triggering coverage. Our firm, with Lupe Peña’s insider knowledge of insurance defense, is particularly skilled in navigating these complex coverage disputes.
• Punitive Damages: When hazing is egregious and a defendant has a pattern of ignoring warnings, courts (depending on state law and claims) may consider awarding punitive damages. These are designed to punish extreme behavior and deter future misconduct, and national patterns can be key to establishing such a claim.

The message is clear: for Renner families, when hazing occurs at a Texas university, connecting your child’s experience to the broader, often dark, history of these national organizations is a powerful legal strategy for accountability.

Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

Successfully pursuing a hazing lawsuit requires far more than just knowing a tragic event occurred. It demands meticulous investigation, robust evidence collection, and a deep understanding of legal strategy. For families in Renner grappling with a hazing incident, understanding this process is crucial.

7.1 Evidence

Evidence is the backbone of any hazing case. Modern hazing leaves a digital footprint, and knowing how to find and preserve it is paramount.

• Digital Communications: This is often the most critical category of evidence in contemporary hazing cases. Group messaging apps like GroupMe, WhatsApp, Signal, iMessage, Discord, Slack, and even fraternity-specific apps are where hazing is often planned, documented, and enforced. Direct messages (DMs) on platforms like Instagram and Snapchat are also vital. These messages reveal planning, intent, knowledge, ongoing patterns of abuse, who was involved, and what was said before, during, and after incidents. Critical evidence from these platforms includes both live messages and, crucially, recovered or deleted communications, which digital forensics experts can often retrieve.
• Photos & Videos: Visual evidence is incredibly powerful. This includes photos or videos taken by members themselves during hazing events, often shared in group chats or private social media (and sometimes, disturbingly, even posted publicly). Footage capturing injuries, humiliating acts, forced drinking, unsafe environments, or specific rituals can be irrefutable. Surveillance footage (from campus cameras, private residences, or commercial venues) and even doorbell cameras (like Ring) can also provide crucial context.
• Internal Organization Documents: These can reveal a culture of hazing. This category includes pledge manuals, initiation scripts, “tradition” lists, “new member education” materials, and any emails, texts, or internal communications from chapter officers discussing or planning new member activities. National policies, anti-hazing training materials, and risk management files can also be critical in demonstrating discrepancies between stated policies and actual practice.
• University Records: Accessing university records is vital. This includes prior conduct files (showing previous hazing violations, probations, or suspensions involving the same organization), incident reports filed with campus police or student conduct offices, Title IX complaints (if applicable harassment occurred), and Clery Act reports. Through legal discovery and public records requests, internal emails among administrators discussing the organization or the incident can also be uncovered.
• Medical and Psychological Records: These documents objectively confirm the harm suffered. This includes emergency room and hospitalization records, ambulance reports, surgeon’s notes, rehab plans, medication records, lab results (showing blood alcohol content, toxicology, rhabdomyolysis indicators), and imaging scans (X-rays, CTs, MRIs). For psychological harm, evaluations from psychologists or psychiatrists diagnosing PTSD, depression, anxiety, or suicidal ideation are critical in supporting claims for emotional distress.
• Witness Testimony: The accounts of individuals are paramount. This involves testimony from other pledges, current members, former members who quit the organization, roommates, RAs, coaches, trainers, and any bystanders. Even individuals who were initially hesitant or afraid to speak can become crucial witnesses, especially once legal action protects them.

7.2 Damages

When hazing causes harm, the law provides for compensation through various categories of “damages.” While we cannot promise or predict specific dollar amounts for any individual case, these are the types of losses we seek to recover for Renner families:

• Medical Bills & Future Care: This covers all costs associated with physical recovery. It includes immediate care (ambulance transport, ER visits, ICU stays), surgeries, ongoing treatments, physical therapy, occupational therapy, medications, and medical equipment. For catastrophic injuries like traumatic brain injuries, it can include the costs of a “life care plan” for decades of ongoing support.
• Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: This category addresses financial losses related to the victim’s ability to earn or pursue their education. It includes lost wages for time taken off work (for both the student and, often, a parent who became a caregiver), tuition and fees for missed semesters or withdrawals, lost scholarships, and the financial impact of delayed graduation or a reduced earning capacity if injuries are permanent.
• Non-Economic Damages: These address the intangible but very real human costs of hazing. They include physical pain and suffering, emotional distress (including PTSD, severe anxiety, depression, and humiliation), loss of dignity, diminished mental health caused by the trauma, and the fundamental loss of enjoyment of life (e.g., inability to participate in hobbies, withdrawal from social activities, or a compromised college experience).
• Wrongful Death Damages (for Families): In the most tragic hazing cases resulting in death, surviving family members (parents, spouses, children) can pursue compensation. This includes funeral and burial costs, loss of financial support the deceased would have provided, and profound non-economic losses such as the loss of companionship, love, guidance, and the immense grief and emotional suffering experienced by the family.

Beyond these, Punitive Damages may also be sought in cases where the defendants’ conduct was particularly reckless, willful, malicious, or showed a callous indifference to known risks. These are designed to punish egregious behavior and deter others from similar actions.

7.3 Role of Different Defendants and Insurance Coverage

A hazing case often involves multiple defendants, each with their own legal team and insurance policies. National fraternities, sororities, and universities typically (though not always) carry substantial liability insurance. However, their insurers often attempt to:

• Argue that hazing or “intentional acts” are explicitly excluded from their policies.
• Claim that the policy doesn’t cover certain defendants (e.g., individual students, or even the local chapter if its charter was revoked).
• Use delay tactics or offer lowball settlements early on.

This is where the expertise of an experienced hazing attorney is indispensable. We identify all potential sources of insurance coverage (including general liability, D&O policies, and even homeowners’ policies). We navigate complex disputes about exclusions and “intentional conduct” by arguing that the real fault lies with the organization’s negligent supervision or failure to enforce its own policies, which is typically covered. Our firm, particularly with Lupe Peña’s background as a former insurance defense attorney, has an distinct advantage in anticipating and dismantling these defense tactics.

Practical Guides & FAQs

Hazing is a crisis that often leaves parents and students in Renner feeling helpless and alone. We want to empower you with practical, actionable advice when facing this challenging situation.

8.1 For Parents in Renner

As a parent in Renner, your instincts are to protect your child. Knowing what to look for and how to react can make all the difference.

• Warning Signs of Hazing: Be attuned to changes in your child that don’t add up. These include unexplained bruises, burns, or injuries (especially if the stories change or don’t make sense); sudden and extreme fatigue, unusual weight loss or gain; constant sleep deprivation; drastic shifts in mood, increased anxiety, irritability, or social withdrawal; obsessive secrecy about group activities; constant phone use for group chats and anxiety when their phone receives pings; unusual financial requests; or a new defensiveness when asked about their group.
• How to Talk to Your Child: Approach the conversation gently and non-judgmentally. Start by asking open-ended questions like, “How are things really going with [group name]? Are you enjoying it?” Emphasize that their safety and well-being are your top priorities, and that you will support them no matter what. Reassure them they will not “get in trouble” for confiding in you.
• If Your Child is Hurt: Prioritize their medical care immediately. Do not delay. As soon as possible, document everything: take clear, dated photos of injuries from multiple angles; screenshot any relevant texts, group chats, or social media posts your child shows you; and write down every detail your child shares (who, what, when, where) while it’s fresh in their mind. Secure any physical evidence, such as damaged clothing or receipts for forced purchases.
• Dealing with the University: If you decide to engage with the university, document every communication—emails, phone calls (date, time, who you spoke to, what was said). Ask specific questions about their knowledge of prior incidents involving the same organization and what actions they took. Do not, however, sign any university documents or consent to internal “resolutions” without first consulting an attorney.
• When to Talk to a Lawyer: If your child has suffered significant physical or psychological harm, or if you feel the university or organization is minimizing the incident or trying to cover it up, it’s time to speak with a lawyer. An attorney can help you understand your rights, protect your child throughout any investigation, and ensure evidence is preserved.

8.2 For Students / Pledges

If you are a student or pledge in Renner or at a Texas university, your safety and well-being are paramount.

• Is This Hazing or Just Tradition? Ask yourself: Am I being forced or pressured to do something I genuinely don’t want to do? Would I do this if I had no fear of social exclusion or punishment? Is this activity dangerous, illegal, or humiliating? Would my parents or university approve if they knew? If the answer to any of these is yes, it’s very likely hazing. If you are told to keep secrets, hide activities, or lie to others, it is hazing.
• Why “Consent” Isn’t the End of the Story: Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that your “consent” is not a defense to hazing. The law recognizes that in situations with extreme peer pressure, a deep desire to belong, and significant power imbalances, true voluntary consent is compromised. You cannot consent to illegal, dangerous, or humiliating acts when you are under duress.
• Exiting and Reporting Safely: You have the legal right to leave any organization at any time. If you are in immediate danger, call 911. Otherwise, tell a trusted adult (parent, RA, professor) that you are leaving. Send an email or text to the chapter president/new member educator stating you are resigning your pledge or membership effective immediately. Avoid going to “one last meeting” where you might be pressured. You can report hazing anonymously through university hotlines (like UT’s dashboard or SMU’s Real Response) or the National Anti-Hazing Hotline (1-888-NOT-HAZE). Many schools and Texas law (Immunity for Good-Faith Reporting) also offer protections for students who report hazing or call for help in an emergency, even if minor infractions were involved.
• Good-Faith Reporting and Amnesty: Many university policies and Texas law provide amnesty for students who call 911 or seek medical help in an emergency, even if underage drinking or other minor offenses were present. Your priority should always be safety and getting help.

8.3 For Former Members / Witnesses

If you are a former member or witness to hazing at a Texas university, you may feel conflicting emotions—guilt, fear, but also a desire to do what’s right.

• Your Testimony Matters: Your insights and evidence can be instrumental in preventing future harm and saving lives. You may hold crucial information that can lead to accountability for victims and their families.
• Seeking Legal Advice: If you have concerns about your own legal exposure (criminal or civil) for participating in hazing, it is wise to seek independent legal advice. However, know that cooperation with authorities can often be viewed favorably, especially if you were pressured or coerced into participating yourself. Our firm can help navigate your role as a witness or advise you on potential dual exposure.
• Path to Accountability: Cooperating with an investigation, even anonymously at first, is a significant step toward creating a safer campus environment and helping victims heal.

8.4 Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

For Renner families, navigating the aftermath of hazing is emotionally draining, but crucial early decisions can make or break a legal case. Avoid these common pitfalls:

1. Letting Your Child Delete Messages or “Clean Up” Evidence:

   • What Parents Think: “I don’t want them to get in more trouble,” or “This is too embarrassing to keep.”
   • Why It’s Wrong: Deleting evidence (digital or physical) can be seen as an obstruction of justice, severely damage credibility, and make it nearly impossible to prove what happened. It also destroys the primary source of truth in modern hazing cases.
   • What to Do Instead: Preserve everything immediately. Screenshot all relevant group chats, texts, DMs (with sender names and timestamps visible). Photograph injuries, hazing locations, and physical items. Even embarrassing content is crucial evidence.

2. Confronting the Fraternity/Sorority or Individuals Directly:

   • What Parents Think: “I’m going to give them a piece of my mind and demand answers.”
   • Why It’s Wrong: This immediately tips off the perpetrators and the organization. They will immediately lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses, and solidify their defense. Your child might face retaliation.
   • What to Do Instead: Document what happened, then contact an attorney before any confrontation. Let legal counsel manage all communications with the involved parties.

3. Signing University “Release” or “Resolution” Forms:

   • What Universities May Do: Pressure families to sign waivers, “confidentiality agreements,” or “internal resolution” papers to quickly close a case.
   • Why It’s Wrong: You may inadvertently waive your right to pursue a civil lawsuit for full damages. These early “resolutions” are often designed to protect the institution and are usually far below the true value of your case.
   • What to Do Instead: Do NOT sign anything without an experienced hazing attorney reviewing it first. Politely decline and state that your attorney will be in touch.

4. Posting Details on Social Media Before Talking to a Lawyer:

   • What Families Think: “I want everyone to know what happened to my child.”
   • Why It’s Wrong: Defense attorneys scour social media for information. Inconsistencies between public posts and later legal statements can severely damage credibility. Public posts can also inadvertently reveal sensitive information, waive privacy, and be used against you.
   • What to Do Instead: Document every detail privately and securely. Control the narrative by letting your attorney advise on all public statements, if any.

5. Letting Your Child Go Back to “One Last Meeting” or “Talk Things Over”:

   • What Organizations May Say: “Let’s just talk about it face-to-face,” or “Come meet with the alumni advisory board before you do anything drastic.”
   • Why It’s Wrong: These meetings are often designed to pressure the victim, intimidate them, or extract statements that can be used against them later. They are rarely about genuine reconciliation.
   • What to Do Instead: If you are considering legal action, all communications with the involved organization should go through your attorney.

6. Waiting “to See How the University Handles It”:

   • What Universities May Promise: “We’re investigating this internally; please let us handle it.”
   • Why It’s Wrong: While internal investigations can be useful, they often prioritize institutional reputation over victim compensation and can be slow-moving. Evidence disappears rapidly, critical witnesses graduate, and the statute of limitations continues to run. The university’s process is designed for institutional discipline, not necessarily for your child’s legal recovery.
   • What to Do Instead: Preserve all evidence NOW. Consult with an attorney immediately. The university process and potential legal action are separate tracks, and one does not need to wait for the other.

7. Talking to Insurance Adjusters Without a Lawyer:

   • What Adjusters May Say: “We just need your statement to process the claim quickly,” or “We want to help get this resolved.”
   • Why It’s Wrong: Insurance adjusters work for the insurance company, not for you. Their goal is to minimize payouts. Any recorded statement or early conversation can be used against you, and initial settlement offers are almost always lowball.
   • What to Do Instead: Politely decline to speak with any adjuster and firmly state, “My attorney will contact you.” Do not give any information or make any agreements.

For further insights on avoiding these pitfalls, we recommend watching Attorney911’s video on client mistakes that can ruin your injury case: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY

8.5 Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
  Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities like UH, Texas A&M, and UT enjoy some sovereign immunity protections under Texas law. However, exceptions exist for gross negligence, in cases involving Title IX violations, or when suing individual employees in their personal capacities. Private universities like SMU and Baylor have fewer immunity protections. Every case is unique and depends on specific facts. We invite Renner families to contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.

• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
  It can be. While hazing is typically a Class B misdemeanor, Texas law elevates it to a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. This means individuals convicted could face significant prison time. Additionally, individuals within an organization who know about hazing and fail to report it can face misdemeanor charges.

• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
  Yes, absolutely. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing charges or claims. Legal scholars and courts widely recognize that “consent” given under duress, peer pressure, the desire for belonging, or fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent. Your child is a victim, regardless of their initial participation.

• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit?”
  In Texas, a hazing lawsuit generally must be filed within two years from the date of the injury or death. This is called the “statute of limitations.” However, in certain situations, such as if the harm or its cause was not immediately apparent due to a cover-up, the “discovery rule” might extend this timeline. For minors, the clock might be “tolled” (paused) until they reach adulthood. Regardless, time is critical. Evidence disappears quickly, witnesses’ memories fade, and organizations may destroy records. We urge you to call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately if you suspect hazing. You can also learn more about the Texas statute of limitations in our video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c.

• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
  The location of the hazing does not eliminate liability. Major hazing cases, including fatalities, have occurred off-campus (e.g., the Pi Delta Psi retreat death, the Sigma Pi unofficial house death). Universities and national fraternities can still be held liable based on their sponsorship of the organization, their control over its members, their knowledge of hazing risks, and the foreseeability of such off-campus events.

• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
  Many hazing cases are resolved through confidential settlements negotiated before trial. It is often possible to request sealed court records and include confidentiality clauses in settlements to protect your family’s privacy. We prioritize your family’s well-being and privacy while pursuing the accountability you deserve.

When the law is complex or depends on nuanced details, it’s always best to consult with an experienced attorney. They can review the specific facts of your situation and explain your rights.

About The Manginello Law Firm + Call to Action

When your family in Renner or anywhere in Dallas County faces the devastating impact of hazing, you need legal representation that goes beyond general personal injury law. You need attorneys who intimately understand how powerful institutions—national fraternities, universities, and their insurance carriers—fight back, and how to successfully navigate these complex challenges.

At The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, the Legal Emergency Lawyers™, we bring a unique blend of experience and insight to hazing cases. Our primary office is in Houston, but we are proud to serve families throughout Texas, including Renner and the wider Dallas County area, when their children are harmed at any Texas university.

Our firm offers distinct advantages for hazing victims:

• Insurance Insider Advantage: Our associate attorney, Lupe Peña, began her career defending insurance companies at a national firm. She knows their playbook inside and out – how they value (or undervalue) hazing claims, their delay tactics, their coverage exclusion arguments, and their settlement strategies. This insider knowledge is invaluable, allowing us to anticipate their moves and counter them effectively. As Lupe often says, “We know their playbook because we used to run it.” You can find out more about Lupe Peña at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/.

• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions: Ralph Manginello, our managing partner, has over 25 years of experience taking on and winning against some of the largest defendants. He was one of the few Texas attorneys involved in the historic BP Texas City explosion litigation, and he possesses extensive federal court experience. We are not intimidated by national fraternities, powerful universities, or their well-funded defense teams. We’ve gone toe-to-toe with billion-dollar corporations and won; we know how to fight powerful defendants and secure justice. Learn more about Ralph Manginello at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/.

• Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death and Catastrophic Injury Experience: We have a proven track record in complex wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases, working with expert economists to properly value a life and secure comprehensive compensation. This includes experience calculating lifetime care needs for victims of traumatic brain injuries or other permanent disabilities, such as those that can result from severe hazing. We don’t settle cases cheaply; we build them to force accountability and secure the full compensation our clients deserve. Our firm has extensive wrongful death experience, having recovered millions for families in catastrophic cases, as detailed at https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/.

• Criminal + Civil Hazing Expertise: Ralph’s membership in the prestigious Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) provides a deep understanding of how criminal hazing charges (like those seen in the Foltz or Gruver cases) interact with civil liability. This allows us to advise witnesses and former members who may face dual criminal and civil exposure, ensuring all angles are covered if the hazing incident also involves criminal allegations. Our criminal defense page at https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/ offers more insight.

• Investigative Depth: We pride ourselves on thorough, aggressive investigation. Our network of experts includes medical specialists, digital forensics experts (crucial for recovering deleted group chats and social media evidence), economists, and psychologists. We know how to depose and uncover university files through discovery and public records requests, and we leave no stone unturned. We investigate every case like your child’s future depends on it—because it does.

We understand how fraternities, sororities, Corps programs, and athletic departments operate behind closed doors. We know how to uncover hidden evidence and how to navigate the intricate web of insurance coverage and institutional policies. We approach every case with empathy, knowing this is one of the hardest things a family can face. Our mission is to get you answers, hold the responsible parties accountable, and help prevent similar tragedies from happening to another family. We believe in thorough investigation and real accountability, not just quick settlements. We also invite you to watch our video explaining contingency fees: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc.

Call to Action for Renner Families:

If you or your child has experienced hazing at any Texas campus—whether it’s at SMU here in Dallas, UT Austin, Texas A&M, UH, Baylor, or another institution—we want to hear from you. Families in Renner, in Dallas County, and throughout the surrounding region have the right to answers, justice, and accountability.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We will listen to what happened without judgment, explain your legal options, and help you decide on the best path forward for your family. We offer contingency fee representation, meaning we don’t get paid unless we win your case.

In your free consultation, you can expect us to:

• Listen to your story with compassion and discretion.
• Review any evidence you may have, such as photos, texts, or medical records.
• Clearly explain your legal options, whether that involves a criminal report, a civil lawsuit, both, or simply understanding your rights.
• Discuss realistic timelines and what the legal process typically entails.
• Answer your questions about costs and fees, explaining our contingency fee structure.
• Provide honest guidance with no pressure to hire us on the spot. You will have the space to make an informed decision.
• Crucially, everything you share with us during your consultation is strictly confidential.

Whether you’re in Renner, other parts of Dallas, or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. Call us today.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070
Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com

Hablamos Español: Contact Lupe Peña directly for a consultation in Spanish at lupe@atty911.com. Servicios legales en español disponibles.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com