The Definitive Guide for San Saba County Parents: Hazing Laws, Fraternity Accountability, and Campus Abuse Lawsuits in Texas

1. Hook & Overview for Families in San Saba County

1.1 A Parent’s Worst Nightmare

It’s a chilly evening this fall. Your son, a first-year student at a Texas university you saved for years to afford, tells you he’s excited about fraternity rush. You remember your own college days—the camaraderie, the friendships. Months later, your phone rings at 3 AM. Your child’s voice is slurred, confused. He’s at an off-campus house, can’t walk, says his “brothers” made him drink until he vomited, then made him sprint until he collapsed. His urine is brown. You rush to the hospital, where doctors diagnose rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure from extreme physical hazing. The fraternity brothers who dropped him off warned: “Don’t tell anyone—you’ll get us shut down.” The university’s response? “We’re investigating internally.”

This isn’t hypothetical. Right now, we’re fighting exactly this case at the University of Houston. Leonel Bermudez, a pledge at the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter, suffered this exact medical catastrophe after what his fraternity called “pledge education.” As reported in the Click2Houston report on UH Pi Kappa Phi hazing case, he endured forced consumption of milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting, followed by immediate sprints, 100+ push-ups, and 500 squats. He spent four days hospitalized with acute kidney injury. This is happening in Texas, right now—and it could affect any family in San Saba County.

1.2 What This Guide Offers San Saba County Families

If you’re a parent in San Saba County, your child might attend a local institution like Texas State University in San Marcos (just over an hour away), Angelo State University in San Angelo (within driving distance), or one of Texas’s major hubs: UT Austin, Texas A&M, University of Houston, Baylor, or SMU. This comprehensive guide is written specifically for San Saba County families who need to understand:

What modern hazing really looks like (beyond old stereotypes)
Texas hazing laws that protect your child, even if they “agreed” to participate
Major national cases and patterns that show why fraternities and universities face massive liability
What’s happening at Texas universities where San Saba County students enroll
Your legal options when hazing causes injury or death
How to protect evidence and navigate university systems without compromising your case

Whether your child attends school in San Marcos, San Angelo, College Station, or anywhere in Texas, this guide provides the facts, legal framework, and practical steps you need.

1.3 Immediate Help for Hazing Emergencies

IF THIS JUST HAPPENED TO YOUR CHILD:

IMMEDIATE CRISIS RESPONSE:

Medical Emergency: Call 911 if your child is injured, intoxicated, or unconscious
Then Call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911) for immediate legal guidance
Evidence Preservation: Before anything is deleted, screenshot group chats, photograph injuries

FIRST 48-HOUR CHECKLIST FOR SAN SABA COUNTY FAMILIES:

Medical Attention: Even if your child insists they’re “fine,” get medical documentation
Digital Evidence: Screenshot ALL group chats (GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage) with timestamps visible
Photographic Evidence: Take multiple photos of injuries from different angles with a ruler for scale
Written Timeline: Write down everything your child tells you—names, dates, locations, specific acts
Physical Items: Save clothing, receipts, or objects involved in the hazing
Do NOT:
- Confront the fraternity/sorority directly
- Sign anything from the university or insurance company
- Post details on social media
- Let your child delete messages or “clean up”

WHY TIMING IS CRITICAL: Evidence disappears fast. Group chats get deleted within hours. Universities begin internal investigations that can limit your options. Fraternity national headquarters send crisis teams to control the narrative. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 within 24-48 hours to protect your child’s rights and preserve crucial evidence.

2. Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like for San Saba County Families

2.1 Modern Definition: Beyond “Boys Will Be Boys”

For San Saba County parents who might remember different college traditions, today’s hazing is systematic, documented, and dangerously sophisticated. Texas law defines hazing as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act—on or off campus—directed against a student for purposes of initiation or affiliation that endangers mental or physical health or safety.

Critical clarification for San Saba County families: “Consent doesn’t matter.” Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that victim consent is not a defense to hazing charges. When your child faces peer pressure, power imbalance, and fear of social exclusion, their “agreement” is legally meaningless.

2.2 The Four Categories of Modern Hazing

1. ALCOHOL & SUBSTANCE HAZING (Most Common & Deadliest)

Forced consumption games: “Big/Little” nights with handles of liquor, “Bible study” drinking games where wrong answers mean drinking
Lineups and chugging challenges: Pledges line up and drink rapidly while being timed
Coerced drug use: Being pressured to consume marijuana, pills, or unknown substances
San Saba County reality: This happens at schools your children attend. The UH Pi Kappa Phi case detailed in ABC13 coverage of Leonel Bermudez’s UH hazing lawsuit involved forced overeating and drinking followed by extreme exercise—a classic hazing combination.

2. PHYSICAL HAZING (Increasingly Extreme)

“Smokings” or extreme calisthenics: Hundreds of push-ups, wall sits until collapse, bear crawls for extended distances
Paddling and beatings: Still occurs despite national prohibitions
Environmental exposure: Locked in cold rooms, left outside in extreme weather
Endurance tests: All-night activities, sleep deprivation for multiple days
San Saba County connection: These methods appear in Texas cases. The UH Pi Kappa Phi case included cold-weather workouts in underwear and lying in vomit-soaked grass.

3. PSYCHOLOGICAL & SEXUALIZED HAZING (Hidden but Devastating)

Humiliation rituals: Forced nudity, simulated sexual acts (“elephant walk”), degrading costumes
Digital shaming: Being forced to post embarrassing content on social media
Isolation and control: Cut off from non-members, required to report movements via location-sharing apps
Sexual coercion: Forced to watch pornography, participate in sexually suggestive acts

4. DIGITAL HAZING (The New Frontier)

24/7 group chat monitoring: Required to respond instantly to messages at all hours
Social media dares: Challenges posted on TikTok, Instagram, or Snapchat
Geolocation tracking: Forced to share live location via Find My Friends or Life360
Evidence collection paradox: While digital hazing is abusive, the digital trail often provides the strongest evidence for lawsuits

2.3 Where Hazing Happens: Not Just “Frat Parties”

San Sabe County parents should know hazing occurs across campus organizations:

Fraternities and Sororities (IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, multicultural chapters)
Corps of Cadets & ROTC programs (particularly at Texas A&M)
Athletic Teams (football, basketball, baseball, cheer)
Spirit & Tradition Organizations (Texas Cowboys, cheer teams, dance teams)
Marching Bands & Performing Groups
Academic & Honor Societies

The common thread: power imbalance, secrecy, and tradition that persists even when everyone “knows” it’s illegal.

3. Texas Law & Liability Framework: What San Saba County Families Must Know

3.1 Texas Hazing Law (Education Code Chapter 37)

BASIC PROVISIONS FOR SAN SABA COUNTY PARENTS:

§ 37.151 Definition: Hazing means any intentional, knowing, or reckless act directed against a student for purposes of initiation or affiliation that endangers mental or physical health or safety.

§ 37.152 Criminal Penalties:

Class B Misdemeanor: Basic hazing (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine)
Class A Misdemeanor: Hazing causing injury requiring medical treatment
STATE JAIL FELONY: Hazing causing serious bodily injury or death

§ 37.155 Critical Protection: CONSENT IS NOT A DEFENSE. Your child’s “agreement” under peer pressure doesn’t legalize hazing.

§ 37.154 Reporter Immunity: Those who report hazing in good faith or call for medical help generally receive immunity from prosecution.

3.2 Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Two Paths to Accountability

CRIMINAL CASES (Brought by the State):

Purpose: Punishment (jail, fines, probation)
Typical charges: Hazing, furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, manslaughter in fatal cases
Prosecutors: County District Attorneys (for off-campus) or campus police (on-campus)
San Saba County reality: Cases might be prosecuted in the county where the hazing occurred (Bexar County for Texas State, Tom Green County for Angelo State) or where your child attends school

CIVIL LAWSUITS (Brought by Victims/Families):

Purpose: Compensation for damages, institutional accountability, prevention
Typical claims: Negligence, gross negligence, wrongful death, negligent supervision
Venue: Can often be filed in your home county (San Saba County) or where defendants are located
Critical distinction: You can pursue civil action even if no criminal charges are filed

3.3 Who Can Be Sued: The Full Universe of Liability

When we investigate hazing cases for San Saba County families, we identify every potentially liable entity:

1. INDIVIDUAL STUDENTS:

Those who planned, participated in, or covered up hazing
Chapter officers (president, risk manager, pledgemaster)
Personal liability: Their personal assets (and sometimes their parents’ homeowner insurance) may be reachable

2. LOCAL CHAPTER/ORGANIZATION:

The fraternity/sorority as an unincorporated association
Chapter housing corporations (many have separate legal status)
Example from our data: “Beta Nu Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity Housing Corporation Inc” (EIN 462267515) in Frisco, TX—this type of entity often carries insurance

3. NATIONAL FRATERNITY/SORORITY HEADQUARTERS:

The “main office” that sets policies, collects dues, supervises chapters
Why they’re liable: They had prior knowledge of hazing patterns, failed to supervise adequately, or created dangerous traditions
From our Texas data: Many nationals have Texas-registered entities, like “Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity” (EIN 746064445) in Nederland, TX

4. UNIVERSITIES & GOVERNING BOARDS:

The school (UH, Texas A&M, UT, etc.) and their Boards of Regents
Legal theories: Negligent supervision, Title IX violations (if sexual harassment involved), premises liability
Public vs. private: Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have some sovereign immunity but can still be sued for gross negligence

5. THIRD PARTIES:

Property owners/landlords of off-campus houses
Bars or alcohol providers (dram shop liability)
Security companies or event organizers

3.4 Federal Law Overlay: Additional Protections

STOP CAMPUS HAZING ACT (2024):

Requires colleges receiving federal aid to report hazing incidents transparently
Creation of public hazing databases (phased in by 2026)
Impact for San Saba County families: More transparency about which organizations have violations

TITLE IX (When Sexual Harassment Involved):

If hazing includes sexualized acts, gender-based harassment, or sexual assault
Universities have specific investigative obligations
Important: Title IX complaints have different procedures and timelines than civil lawsuits

CLERY ACT:

Requires crime reporting including certain hazing-related offenses
Annual security reports must include hazing statistics

4. National Hazing Case Patterns: Lessons for San Saba County Families

4.1 Alcohol Poisoning Deaths: The Most Common Pattern

STONE FOLTZ — Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

What happened: 20-year-old pledge forced to drink entire bottle of alcohol during “Big/Little” night
Legal outcome: $10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU)
Why San Saba County parents should care: The same national fraternity (Pi Kappa Alpha) has chapters at Texas A&M, UT Austin, and other Texas schools

MAX GRUVER — LSU, Phi Delta Theta (2017)

What happened: “Bible study” drinking game where wrong answers meant forced drinking; BAC 0.495% at death
Legal outcome: $6.1 million verdict plus confidential settlements; Louisiana passed “Max Gruver Act” making hazing a felony
Texas connection: Phi Delta Theta has chapters at UT Austin, Texas A&M, Texas Tech

TIMOTHY PIAZZA — Penn State, Beta Theta Pi (2017)

What happened: Bid acceptance night with extreme drinking; falls captured on chapter cameras; delayed medical help
Legal outcome: 18 members charged with over 1,000 criminal counts; Pennsylvania passed “Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law”
Pattern evidence: Shows how security camera footage can be crucial evidence

4.2 Physical & Ritualized Hazing: Extreme Violence

CHUN “MICHAEL” DENG — Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013)

What happened: “Glass ceiling” ritual at retreat—blindfolded, weighted with backpack, repeatedly tackled
Legal outcome: National fraternity criminally convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter; banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years
Key lesson: Retreats and off-campus locations don’t eliminate liability

DANNY SANTULLI — University of Missouri, Phi Gamma Delta (2021)

What happened: “Pledge dad reveal” night with forced drinking; suffered permanent severe brain damage (cannot walk, talk, or see)
Legal outcome: Settlements with 22 defendants; multi-million dollar total recovery
Important for San Saba County: This shows catastrophic non-fatal injuries also warrant massive compensation

4.3 Athletic Program Hazing: Not Just Greek Life

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY FOOTBALL (2023-2025)

What happened: Former players alleged sexualized, racist hazing within football program
Legal outcome: Multiple lawsuits; head coach fired and settled wrongful-termination suit confidentially
Texas relevance: Shows hazing happens in high-profile athletic programs too

4.4 What These Cases Mean for San Sabe County Families

COMMON THEMES:

Forced drinking is the most common fatal hazing method
Delayed medical care dramatically worsens outcomes and increases liability
Digital evidence (texts, group chats, security footage) is often decisive
National organizations face liability when chapters repeat known dangerous patterns
Universities pay when they knew or should have known about hazing

SETTLEMENT/RECOVERY RANGES:

Death cases: $1M–$14M (Foltz $10M, Bogenberger $14M, Gruver $6.1M)
Severe injury cases: $375K–multi-million (Santulli settlements with 22 defendants)
Individual officer liability: Chapter president ordered to pay $6.5 million personally in Foltz case

5. Texas Universities: Where San Saba County Students Attend

5.1 Local & Regional Universities for San Saba County Families

FOR SAN SABA COUNTY STUDENTS: HISTORICAL ATTENDANCE PATTERNS

San Saba County families typically send students to:

LOCAL/REGIONAL CAMPUSES (Within 2-3 Hours):

Texas State University (San Marcos, Hays County) — 1.5 hours southeast
Angelo State University (San Angelo, Tom Green County) — 2 hours west
University of Texas at Austin (Travis County) — 2 hours southeast
Texas A&M University (College Station, Brazos County) — 3.5 hours southeast
Baylor University (Waco, McLennan County) — 2.5 hours east

OTHER TEXAS SCHOOLS WITH SIGNIFICANT GREEK LIFE:

University of Houston (Harris County)
Southern Methodist University (Dallas County)
Texas Tech University (Lubbock County)
University of North Texas (Denton County)

5.2 Texas State University (San Marcos)

5.2.1 Campus & Greek Life Snapshot:

38,000+ students, growing Greek community
Active fraternity/sorority life with IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC councils
San Saba County connection: Many Central Texas students choose Texas State for its proximity and value

5.2.2 Documented Hazing Incidents:

Sigma Chi (2019): Chapter suspended for hazing violations involving alcohol
University transparency: Texas State maintains conduct records but less public than UT’s hazing violations page
Pattern: Like many Texas schools, alcohol-related hazing predominates

5.2.3 How Cases Proceed:

Jurisdiction: Hays County courts
Police: Texas State University Police Department and San Marcos PD
Common defendants: Individuals, chapters, nationals, potentially university for negligent supervision

5.2.4 What Texas State Parents Should Do:

Report to Office of Student Involvement (Greek Life oversight)
Document through Dean of Students office
Consider Hays County Sheriff if off-campus incidents involve crimes
Consult attorney familiar with Central Texas university cases

5.3 Angelo State University (San Angelo)

5.3.1 Campus & Culture:

Part of Texas Tech University System
Growing Greek community with historical hazing concerns
San Saba County proximity: Closest four-year university for many families

5.3.2 Hazing Environment:

Smaller Greek system but similar risk patterns
University maintains anti-hazing policies aligned with Texas law
Important: Private legal action may be necessary even if university takes disciplinary action

5.3.3 Legal Venue Considerations:

Tom Green County courts would handle local cases
Challenges: Smaller legal community may mean seeking counsel from larger markets
Our approach: We serve families statewide, including Tom Green County

5.4 University of Texas at Austin (UT)

5.4.1 Greek Life Scale & Transparency:

One of nation’s largest Greek systems (~60 chapters)
UT’s Hazing Violations Page: Publicly lists organizations, violations, sanctions (hazing.utexas.edu)
Critical transparency advantage: Families can check an organization’s violation history

5.4.2 Documented Cases from Public Records:

PI KAPPA ALPHA (2023):

Violation: New members directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics
Sanction: Probation, required hazing prevention education
Pattern: Physical hazing disguised as “conditioning”

TEXAS WRANGLERS (Spirit Organization):

Multiple hazing violations over years
Pattern of forced physical activities, alcohol-related hazing
Why it matters: Shows hazing extends beyond Greek letters

5.4.3 How UT Cases Differ:

High transparency helps prove prior knowledge/pattern
UTPD and Austin PD jurisdictional coordination
Travis County courts experienced with university cases
Multiple insurance layers: University system, national fraternities, local housing corporations

5.4.4 UT-Specific Advice for Parents:

Check the violations page before your child joins any organization
Report to multiple channels: Dean of Students, UTPD, Title IX if applicable
Understand Travis County legal landscape differs from rural counties
Act quickly: UT moves rapidly on internal discipline, which can affect civil strategy

5.5 Texas A&M University

5.5.1 Unique Culture & Risks:

Massive Greek system PLUS Corps of Cadets (military-style program)
Corps hazing history: Multiple lawsuits alleging extreme physical and sexualized hazing
University culture: Strong tradition can sometimes enable “that’s just how we’ve always done it” mentality

5.5.2 Documented Cases:

SIGMA ALPHA EPSILON LAWSUIT (~2021):

Allegations: Pledges covered in substances including industrial-strength cleaner, causing severe chemical burns requiring skin grafts
Outcome: Chapter suspended; lawsuit reportedly settled confidentially
Pattern: Extreme physical hazing causing permanent injury

CORPS OF CADETS LAWSUIT (2023):

Allegations: Cadet subjected to “roasted pig” positioning (bound between beds with apple in mouth), simulated sexual acts
Damage request: Over $1 million
University response: “Matter was addressed through university processes”
Key issue: University internal discipline ≠ adequate civil remedy

5.5.3 Jurisdiction & Logistics:

Brazos County courts handle local cases
Multiple police agencies: College Station PD, Texas A&M PD, Brazos County Sheriff
Complex defendant universe: Could include Corps officials, university, individual cadets

5.5.4 Texas A&M-Specific Guidance:

Corps vs. Greek life: Different reporting channels, different cultures, similar risks
University pride vs. accountability: A&M’s strong institutional identity can complicate reporting
Medical documentation critical: Rhabdomyolysis risk from extreme physical hazing
Early legal consultation essential: University’s internal Corps processes may not protect your child’s civil rights

5.6 University of Houston (The Flagship Case)

5.6.1 The Bermudez Case: What San Saba County Parents Must Know

CASE ANCHOR — LEONEL BERMUDEZ V. UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON & PI KAPPA PHI:

We are currently litigating this $10 million hazing and abuse lawsuit that exemplifies modern hazing dangers. As detailed in the Hoodline summary of the $10M UH hazing lawsuit, here’s what happened:

THE HAZING CONDUCT:

“Pledge fanny pack” rule: Carried 24/7 with condoms, sex toy, nicotine devices, humiliating items
Enforced dress codes, hours-long “study/work” blocks, overnight driving duties
Physical abuse: Sprints, bear crawls, wheelbarrow races, cold-weather exposure in underwear
Extreme acts: Lying in vomit-soaked grass; sprayed in face with hose “similar to waterboarding”
Forced consumption: Milk, hot dogs, peppercorns until vomiting, then immediate sprints
The Nov 3 workout: 100+ push-ups, 500 squats under expulsion threats
Other pledges: One hog-tied face-down on table with object in mouth for over an hour

THE MEDICAL CATASTROPHE:

Bermudez developed rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown) and acute kidney failure
Passed brown urine, could not stand without help
Hospitalized for four days with critically high creatine kinase levels
Ongoing risk of permanent kidney damage and long-term harm

THE DEFENDANT UNIVERSE:

University of Houston and UH System Board of Regents
Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters
Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu housing corporation
13 individual fraternity leaders (president, pledgemaster, risk manager, etc.)

INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSE:

Nov 6, 2025: Pi Kappa Phi HQ suspends Beta Nu chapter
Nov 14, 2025: Chapter votes to surrender charter; chapter shut down
UH statement: Conduct “deeply disturbing,” promises disciplinary measures and cooperation with law enforcement

5.6.2 Why This Case Matters for San Saba County Families:

It’s happening NOW in Texas — not historical, not “somewhere else”
Shows medical severity — rhabdomyolysis and kidney damage are life-altering
Demonstrates institutional complexity — suing universities AND nationals AND housing corporations
Proves our active litigation capability — we’re fighting this case right now

5.6.3 UH Greek Ecosystem from Texas Data:

From our Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine, organizations connected to UH’s Greek life include:

IRS B83 REGISTERED ENTITIES SERVING HOUSTON-AREA GREEK LIFE:

Sigma Chi Fraternity Epsilon Xi Chapter (EIN 746084905) — Houston, TX 77204
Alpha Sigma Phi Fraternity Inc — Theta Delta (EIN 475370943) — Houston, TX 77204
Zeta Phi Beta Sorority Incorporated — Sigma Gamma Chapter (EIN 392352450) — Houston, TX 77254
Delta Phi Upsilon Fraternity Inc — Grand Chapter (EIN 800209640) — Houston, TX 77248
Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers Inc (EIN 760221936) — Houston, TX 77277

HOUSTON METRO GREEK ORGANIZATIONS (Cause IQ Data):

188 total Greek-related organizations in Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land metro
Texas District of Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity — Houston, TX
Delta Sigma Theta Sorority — Houston Alumnae — Houston, TX
Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority — Alpha Kappa Omega (grad chapter) — Houston, TX
Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity — Eta Rho Sigma (grad chapter) — Houston, TX

5.6.4 UH Case Strategy Lessons:

Digital evidence paramount: Group chats proved planning and knowledge
Medical documentation critical: Hospital records established severity
Multiple defendants essential: Spreads liability, increases recovery potential
Timing matters: Filed before university completed internal investigation

5.7 Baylor University & Southern Methodist University

5.7.1 Private University Considerations:

BAYLOR (Waco):

Religious affiliation adds complexity to hazing cases
Baseball hazing incident (2020): 14 players suspended following investigation
Legal landscape: Fewer sovereign immunity issues than public schools

SMU (Dallas):

Affluent student body, strong Greek presence
Kappa Alpha Order incident (2017): Paddling, forced drinking, sleep deprivation; chapter suspended
Dallas County courts: Experienced with complex litigation

5.7.2 Private vs. Public University Strategy:

Fewer immunity hurdles but potentially more aggressive defense
Donor/alumni pressure can influence university response
Media strategy differences: Private schools often fight harder for confidentiality

6. Fraternities & Sororities: National Histories That Matter for San Saba County

6.1 Texas Greek Organization Database: What We Track for San Saba County Families

Our Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine maintains data on 1,423 fraternity/sorority organizations across 25 Texas metros. When we take a case for a San Saba County family, we already know how to identify every potentially liable entity.

TEXAS IRS B83 BACKBONE — 125+ REGISTERED GREEK ORGANIZATIONS:

Here are examples from our public records directory (all from IRS B83 filings):

ORGANIZATIONS RELEVANT TO CENTRAL TEXAS/SAN SABA COUNTY REGION:

Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi — Texas State University (EIN 463831593) — Austin, TX 78723
Sigma Phi Lambda Inc — Alpha Sigma Chapter (EIN 823971493) — Corinth, TX 76210
Alpha Sigma Phi Fraternity Inc — Theta Iota (EIN 475381060) — San Marcos, TX 78666
Texas Rho Chapter of Sigma Phi Epsilon Fraternity (EIN 741942292) — Waco, TX 76706
Chi Omega Fraternity — Epsilon Zeta (EIN 756041410) — Nacogdoches, TX 75965

ORGANIZATIONS AT MAJOR TEXAS UNIVERSITIES:

Kappa Sigma — Mu Camma Chapter Inc (EIN 133048786) — College Station, TX 77845 (Texas A&M)
Beta Upsilon Chi (EIN 742911848) — Fort Worth, TX 76244 (TCU/Christian fraternity)
Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity — Epsilon Kappa Chapter (EIN 746064445) — Nederland, TX 77627
Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity — Zeta Beta Chapter (EIN 237098953) — Prairie View, TX 77446
Alpha Epsilon Pi Fraternity — Mu Gamma Chapter (EIN 262025321) — Denton, TX 76201

WHAT THIS MEANS FOR SAN SABA COUNTY FAMILIES:
When your child is hazed, we don’t start from zero. We already have:

Legal entity names and Employer Identification Numbers (EINs)
Mailing addresses for service of process
Organizational structures (housing corporations, alumni chapters, etc.)
Insurance carrier leads based on organization types

6.2 National Fraternities with Documented Hazing Histories

PI KAPPA ALPHA (“PIKE”) — HIGH-RISK PATTERN:

Stone Foltz (BGSU, 2021) — $10M settlement
David Bogenberger (NIU, 2012) — $14M settlement
Texas chapters: UT Austin, Texas A&M, Texas State, UH, Texas Tech
Pattern: “Big/Little” alcohol hazing recurring despite national “awareness”

SIGMA ALPHA EPSILON (SAE) — MULTIPLE TEXAS INCIDENTS:

University of Alabama (2023) — Traumatic brain injury lawsuit
Texas A&M (~2021) — Chemical burns requiring skin grafts
UT Austin (2024) — Assault lawsuit against chapter already on suspension
National response: Eliminated traditional pledge process (2014) but problems continue

PHI DELTA THETA — ALCOHOL GAME PATTERN:

Max Gruver (LSU, 2017) — $6.1M verdict, Louisiana felony hazing law
Texas chapters: UT Austin, Texas A&M, Texas Tech
Pattern: “Bible study” and trivia drinking games

PI KAPPA PHI — OUR CURRENT CASE:

Andrew Coffey (FSU, 2017) — Death during “Big Brother Night”
Leonel Bermudez (UH, 2025) — Our active $10M lawsuit
Pattern: Physical endurance combined with alcohol/consumption hazing

PHI GAMMA DELTA (FIJI) — CATASTROPHIC INJURY:

Danny Santulli (Missouri, 2021) — Permanent severe brain damage, settlements with 22 defendants
Pattern: Extreme alcohol hazing during reveal events

6.3 How National Histories Create Liability

FORESEEABILITY — THE LEGAL CONCEPT:
When a national organization has prior incidents of similar hazing, they can’t claim “we didn’t know this could happen.” For San Saba County families, this means:

Pattern evidence strengthens your case
Punitive damages become possible (to punish reckless disregard)
Insurance coverage disputes favor you (known risk should have been prevented)

DISCOVERY STRATEGY USING NATIONAL HISTORIES:
When we file suit for a San Saba County family, we subpoena:

National’s incident database — all hazing reports from last 10+ years
Risk management files — what they knew about this specific chapter
Training materials — did they actually educate against known risks?
Internal communications — emails about “problem chapters”

7. Building a Hazing Case: Strategy for San Saba County Families

7.1 Evidence Collection: The 48-Hour Protocol

DIGITAL EVIDENCE (MOST CRITICAL):

Group chats: WhatsApp, GroupMe, iMessage, Discord, Slack
Social media: Instagram stories, Snapchat, TikTok, Facebook
Screenshot protocol: Capture full threads with timestamps, sender names
Deleted recovery: Digital forensics can often recover “deleted” messages
Our video resource: Can You Use Your Cellphone to Document a Legal Case?

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE:

Injury photographs: Multiple angles, include ruler/coin for scale, document progression
Clothing/uniforms: Don’t wash — may contain biological evidence
Objects used: Paddles, alcohol bottles, props
Medical items: Hospital bracelets, prescription bottles

MEDICAL DOCUMENTATION:

ER/hospital records: Must include hazing context in patient history
Follow-up care: Continued treatment establishes ongoing harm
Psychological evaluation: PTSD, depression, anxiety diagnoses
Expert review: Our medical experts analyze for life-care planning

INSTITUTIONAL RECORDS:

University conduct files (obtained via discovery)
Campus police reports
National fraternity risk management files
Prior violation history (like UT’s public hazing page)

7.2 Damages Framework: What San Saba County Families Can Recover

ECONOMIC DAMAGES (Quantifiable):

Medical expenses: Past and future (ER, hospitalization, therapy, medications)
Lost educational costs: Tuition for semesters missed, lost scholarships
Earning capacity loss: Reduced lifetime earnings from disability
Example: For rhabdomyolysis with kidney damage, future dialysis costs alone can exceed millions

NON-ECONOMIC DAMAGES (Subjective but Real):

Physical pain & suffering: From injuries and treatment
Emotional distress: PTSD, depression, anxiety, humiliation
Loss of enjoyment: Can’t participate in college life, sports, activities
Reputational harm: Social stigma from publicized hazing

WRONGFUL DEATH DAMAGES (For Families):

Funeral/burial expenses
Loss of financial support (even for young students — future earning capacity)
Loss of companionship, love, guidance
Parents’ emotional suffering

PUNITIVE DAMAGES (When Conduct is Egregious):

Purpose: Punish defendants, deter future conduct
When awarded: Reckless disregard for safety, prior warnings ignored, cover-up attempts
Texas caps: Generally limited but exceptions for gross negligence

7.3 Insurance Strategy: Our Insider Advantage

MR. LUPE PEÑA’S INSURANCE DEFENSE BACKGROUND:
Mr. Peña spent years as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm. He knows exactly how fraternity and university insurers:

Value claims (and intentionally undervalue hazing cases)
Use delay tactics to pressure families
Argue coverage exclusions (“intentional acts,” “criminal conduct”)
Deploy IMEs (Independent Medical Exams) to minimize injuries

OUR INSURANCE APPROACH FOR SAN SABA COUNTY CASES:

Identify all policies: Chapter, national, university, individual homeowners
Preserve coverage: Timely notice, proper documentation
Counter lowballing: Expert-backed valuations, precedent research
Bad faith leverage: When insurers unreasonably deny claims

7.4 Timeline & Statute of Limitations

TEXAS STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS:

Generally 2 years from date of injury or death
Discovery rule exception: If harm wasn’t immediately discoverable
Tolling possibilities: For minors, fraud, concealment
Our video explanation: Is There a Statute of Limitations on My Case?

WHY ACTING QUICKLY MATTERS:

Evidence disappears (deleted messages, graduated witnesses)
Memories fade
University internal deadlines may preempt legal action
Insurance companies delay hoping you’ll miss deadlines

8. Practical Guides & FAQs for San Sabe County Families

8.1 Parent Guide: Recognizing & Responding

WARNING SIGNS YOUR CHILD IS BEING HAZED:

Physical: Unexplained injuries, extreme exhaustion, weight changes
Behavioral: Secretiveness, withdrawal, personality changes, defensiveness
Academic: Grades dropping, missing classes, losing scholarships
Digital: Constant phone monitoring, anxiety about messages, deleted histories
Financial: Unexplained expenses, requests for money, buying alcohol for others

HOW TO TALK TO YOUR CHILD:

Non-confrontational questions: “How are things going with your group?”
Safety-first framing: “I’m worried about your health, not getting anyone in trouble”
Listen without judgment: They may feel shame or loyalty conflict
Document what they share: Write down details immediately

IF YOUR CHILD IS INJURED:

Medical first: ER visit even if they resist — documentation is critical
Preserve evidence: Photograph injuries, screenshot messages
Limit university communication: Don’t make formal statements without counsel
Consult attorney within 48 hours: Evidence preservation is time-sensitive

8.2 Student Guide: Your Rights & Safety

IS THIS HAZING? DECISION CHECKLIST:

Are you being pressured or coerced?
Would you do this if there were no social consequences?
Is the activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal?
Are you told to keep secrets from parents/university?
Do older members make you do things they don’t have to do?

YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS IN TEXAS:

Consent is not a defense to hazing charges
Good-faith reporters have immunity protections
You can sue even if no criminal charges are filed
Universities must investigate hazing reports

SAFE EXIT STRATEGIES:

Medical emergency: Call 911 — you won’t get in trouble for seeking help
Formal resignation: Email chapter president: “I resign effective immediately”
Document threats: Screenshot any retaliation attempts
University reporting: Dean of Students, campus police, Title IX if applicable

8.3 Critical Mistakes That Destroy Cases

FROM OUR EXPERIENCE REPRESENTING TEXAS FAMILIES:

MISTAKE #1: “Cleaning up” evidence

What happens: Child deletes embarrassing messages or photos
Why it’s fatal: Looks like cover-up; destroys best evidence
Our advice: Preserve EVERYTHING, even if embarrassing

MISTAKE #2: Confronting the fraternity directly

What happens: They lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses
Why it’s fatal: Loses element of surprise; enables cover-up
Our advice: Document silently, then call us before any confrontation

MISTAKE #3: Signing university “resolution” agreements

What happens: University offers “quick resolution” with confidentiality clause
Why it’s fatal: May waive right to sue; settlements are often minimal
Our advice: Never sign anything without attorney review

MISTAKE #4: Posting on social media

What happens: Defense attorneys screenshot everything; inconsistencies hurt credibility
Why it’s fatal: Can waive privacy rights; creates evidence for defense
Our advice: Complete social media blackout during case

MISTAKE #5: Waiting for university investigation

What happens: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, statute runs
Why it’s fatal: University’s interests ≠ your interests; they control narrative
Our advice: Parallel track — preserve evidence while university investigates

Our video resource: Client Mistakes That Can Ruin Your Injury Case

8.4 Frequently Asked Questions for San Saba County Families

Q: “Can we sue the university if our child was hazed off-campus?”
A: Yes, location doesn’t necessarily eliminate liability. Universities can be liable for off-campus conduct if they knew or should have known about it, sponsored the organization, or exercised control. The Pi Delta Psi case (retreat hazing) established this precedent.

Q: “What if our child ‘agreed’ to participate?”
A: Texas law is clear: consent is not a defense to hazing (§37.155). Courts recognize that “consent” under peer pressure and power imbalance isn’t voluntary. This is especially true for new members seeking acceptance.

Q: “How much does it cost to hire a hazing attorney?”
A: We work on contingency — no upfront costs, no fee unless we win. Watch our explanation: How Do Contingency Fees Work?. This makes justice accessible to all San Saba County families regardless of financial situation.

Q: “Will our child’s name be public if we sue?”
A: Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. We can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. Our priority is your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability.

Q: “How long will a hazing case take?”
A: Typically 1-3 years from filing to resolution. Complex cases with multiple defendants (like our UH Pi Kappa Phi case) may take longer. Settlements often occur within 12-18 months if evidence is strong.

Q: “What if the fraternity is already suspended or shut down?”
A: This actually helps your case. It shows the conduct was serious enough for organizational consequences. The national fraternity and university may still be liable, and individual members can still be sued.

Q: “We’re in San Saba County but the hazing happened elsewhere. Can you still help?”
A: Absolutely. We serve families throughout Texas and handle cases wherever they occur. Modern technology allows us to work effectively regardless of location. Many legal proceedings can be filed in your home county or where defendants are located.

Q: “What if criminal charges are also filed?”
A: We coordinate with criminal defense counsel if needed. Ralph Manginello’s HCCLA membership means we understand both sides. Civil and criminal cases can proceed simultaneously — one doesn’t depend on the other.

9. About The Manginello Law Firm & Call to Action for San Saba County

9.1 Why Attorney911 for San Saba County Hazing Cases

When your San Saba County family faces a hazing crisis, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand:

HOW POWERFUL INSTITUTIONS FIGHT BACK — AND HOW TO WIN ANYWAY

OUR PROVEN ADVANTAGES FOR TEXAS HAZING CASES:

1. INSURANCE INSIDER KNOWLEDGE (MR. LUPE PEÑA)
Mr. Peña spent years as a defense attorney for national insurance companies. He knows exactly how fraternity and university insurers:

Value (and intentionally undervalue) hazing claims
Use delay tactics to pressure families
Argue coverage exclusions
Deploy “independent” medical exams to minimize injuries
His background: Learn about Lupe Peña’s insurance defense experience

2. COMPLEX INSTITUTIONAL LITIGATION EXPERIENCE (RALPH MANGINELLO)

BP Texas City explosion litigation — one of few Texas firms involved against billion-dollar defendants
Federal court experience — U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas
HCCLA membership — elite criminal defense credential critical when hazing involves criminal charges
25+ years complex litigation — not intimidated by national fraternities or university legal teams
His background: Learn about Ralph Manginello’s background

3. ACTIVE TEXAS HAZING LITIGATION — THE BERMUDEZ CASE
We’re not just talking about hazing — we’re fighting a major hazing case right now. The Leonel Bermudez UH Pi Kappa Phi lawsuit demonstrates our:

Investigative depth (uncovering digital evidence, medical causation)
Multi-defendant strategy (suing university, national, housing corp, 13 individuals)
Medical expertise (rhabdomyolysis, kidney injury specialists)
Institutional accountability focus (preventing future harm)

4. TEXAS HAZING INTELLIGENCE ENGINE — OUR DATA ADVANTAGE
While other firms start from zero, we already maintain:

1,423 Greek organizations tracked across 25 Texas metros
IRS B83 records on 125+ Texas-registered Greek entities
Campus-specific rosters for UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor
National pattern database showing recurring hazing methods
Public records directory with EINs, addresses, organizational structures

5. SPANISH-LANGUAGE SERVICES FOR SAN SABA COUNTY FAMILIES
Mr. Peña speaks fluent Spanish — critical for serving Texas Hispanic families:

Consultations in Spanish
Document translation
Cultural understanding
Se habla Español — contact lupe@atty911.com

6. EVIDENCE PRESERVATION EXPERTISE
From our trucking and maritime practice, we bring:

Digital forensics capability — recovering deleted messages
Expert network — medical, economic, psychological, Greek culture experts
Investigation discipline — treating each case like the complex institutional matter it is

9.2 Our Consultation Promise to San Saba County Families

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU CALL 1-888-ATTY-911:

1. IMMEDIATE RESPONSE (24/7)

Live answer, not voicemail
Initial assessment of emergency needs
Evidence preservation instructions

2. CONFIDENTIAL CONSULTATION

Listen to your story without judgment
Review evidence (photos, texts, medical records)
Explain legal options clearly
No pressure to hire — take time to decide
Everything confidential (attorney-client privilege)

3. CASE EVALUATION

Assess liability (who can be sued)
Evaluate damages (what recovery is possible)
Explain process and timeline
Discuss costs (contingency fee — no win, no fee)

4. STRATEGIC PLANNING

Evidence preservation plan
University interaction strategy
Medical documentation guidance
Long-term case roadmap

WHY CONSULT EARLY (EVEN IF UNCERTAIN):

Evidence disappears quickly — we can send preservation letters
Statutes of limitations are strict — we ensure timely filing
University processes can limit options — we navigate parallel tracks
Peace of mind — knowing your rights and options reduces stress

9.3 Call to Action for San Saba County Families

IF HAZING HAS IMPACTED YOUR FAMILY — WHEREVER IN TEXAS — YOU DON’T HAVE TO FACE THIS ALONE.

WE SERVE SAN SABA COUNTY FAMILIES WITH:

Immediate response when time is critical
Deep Texas expertise in hazing law and university accountability
Proven results in complex institutional cases
Compassionate advocacy that prioritizes your family’s wellbeing
Contingency fees — no financial risk to you

CONTACT ATTORNEY911 TODAY:

📞 Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
📱 Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
🌐 Website: https://attorney911.com
✉️ Email: ralph@atty911.com (Ralph Manginello) | lupe@atty911.com (Lupe Peña)
🇪🇸 Se habla Español — Mr. Peña offers consultations in Spanish

SERVING SAN SABA COUNTY FROM OUR TEXAS OFFICES:

Houston (Harris County) — Primary office
Austin (Travis County) — Central Texas presence
Beaumont (Jefferson County) — East Texas coverage
Plus statewide service to San Saba County and all Texas communities

YOUR CHILD’S SAFETY AND FUTURE ARE WORTH FIGHTING FOR.
The institutions that allowed hazing to occur — whether a fraternity, sorority, Corps program, athletic team, or university — must be held accountable. Not just for compensation, but to prevent this from happening to another San Saba County family.

Call 1-888-ATTY-911 now for your free, confidential consultation. Let us help you navigate this crisis, protect your child’s rights, and pursue the accountability your family deserves.

Plain Text Links to Key Resources

NEWS COVERAGE OF OUR ACTIVE UH CASE:

ATTORNEY911 EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS:
4. Evidence Documentation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs
5. Statute of Limitations: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c
6. Client Mistakes to Avoid: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY
7. Contingency Fees Explained: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc

ATTORNEY911 WEBSITE:
8. Main Site & Contact: https://attorney911.com
9. Wrongful Death Practice: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/
10. Ralph Manginello Bio: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/
11. Lupe Peña Bio: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com | lupe@atty911.com
Se habla Español — Spanish language services available