Hazing at Texas Universities: A Comprehensive Guide for Sulphur Springs Families

The Phone Call No Sulphur Springs Parent Wants to Receive

It starts with a late-night call from your college student—their voice shaky, their words evasive. Or perhaps you notice the subtle changes first: the unexplained bruises they dismiss as “just roughhousing,” the sudden withdrawal from family group chats, the exhaustion that goes beyond normal college stress. Maybe it’s the medical bill that arrives unexpectedly, or the call from campus police that sends your heart racing.

For families here in Sulphur Springs and across Hopkins County, the reality of hazing hits close to home. Our children leave for universities across Texas—to Texas A&M Commerce just 45 minutes away, to the University of Texas at Tyler, to major campuses in Houston, College Station, and Austin—and we trust they’ll be safe. But right now, in Houston, we’re fighting one of the most serious hazing cases Texas has seen in years, representing Leonel Bermudez against the University of Houston and the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter.

This comprehensive guide exists because hazing isn’t just a “college prank” or “tradition”—it’s a serious legal issue that has devastated Texas families. We’ll walk you through what hazing really looks like in 2025, Texas law, national patterns, what’s happening at Texas universities, and what your legal options are if your family is affected.

Immediate Help for Hazing Emergencies

If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

• Call 911 for medical emergencies
• Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

In the first 48 hours:

1. Get medical attention immediately, even if your child insists they’re “fine”
2. Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
   • Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
   • Photograph injuries from multiple angles
   • Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects used in hazing)
3. Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
4. Do NOT:
   • Confront the fraternity/sorority directly
   • Sign anything from the university or insurance company
   • Post details on public social media
   • Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24-48 hours:
Evidence disappears fast—deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses. Universities move quickly to control the narrative. We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation.

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like in Texas

Beyond the Stereotypes: Modern Hazing Methods

Hazing has evolved far beyond the “hell week” stereotypes. For Sulphur Springs families with children at Texas universities, understanding these modern methods is crucial for recognizing danger signs.

Alcohol and Substance Hazing – The Most Common and Deadly

• Forced drinking games: “Big/Little” nights, “family tree” drinking rituals, bid acceptance parties
• Pressure to consume dangerous amounts: “Finish this bottle” challenges
• Coerced drug use: Sometimes disguised as “team bonding” or “stress relief”
• Real example from our UH case: Leonel Bermudez was forced to consume milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting, then immediately forced to sprint

Physical Hazing – Not Just “Tough Conditioning”

• Extreme calisthenics disguised as “workouts”: 100+ push-ups, 500 squats under threat of expulsion
• Exposure to elements: Stripped to underwear in cold weather, lying in vomit-soaked grass
• Ritualized abuse: Bear crawls, wheelbarrow races, “save-your-brother” drills
• From the UH Pi Kappa Phi case: Pledges were sprayed in the face with a hose “similar to waterboarding” and threatened with actual waterboarding

Psychological and Digital Hazing – The 24/7 Control

• Group chat monitoring: Required instant responses at all hours
• Sleep deprivation via phone: 3 AM wake-up calls for “mandatory” tasks
• Social media humiliation: Forced TikTok challenges, Instagram story dares
• Geo-tracking: Required location sharing via Find My Friends or Snapchat Maps
• Documented in our case: The “pledge fanny pack” rule requiring 24/7 carrying of condoms, sex toys, and humiliating items

Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing

• Forced nudity or partial nudity during “initiations”
• Simulated sexual acts: “Elephant walks,” “roasted pig” positions
• Degrading costumes and public humiliation
• In the UH case: Another pledge was hog-tied face-down on a table with an object in his mouth for over an hour

Where Hazing Happens in Texas

Fraternities and Sororities: IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, multicultural Greek organizations
Corps of Cadets/Military Programs: Texas A&M Corps traditions with reported hazing issues
Athletic Teams: Football, basketball, baseball, cheerleading at all levels
Spirit and Tradition Groups: Texas Cowboys, Aggie Band, other campus organizations
Marching Bands and Performance Groups: Documented incidents nationwide
Some Academic/Service Organizations: Even honor societies and professional groups

Texas Hazing Law: What Sulphur Springs Families Need to Know

Texas Education Code – Chapter 37, Subchapter F

§ 37.151 Definition – Plain English for Parents
Hazing means any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, that:

• Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, AND
• Occurs for purposes of pledging, initiation, affiliation, holding office, or maintaining membership

Key points for Sulphur Springs families:

• Location doesn’t matter: On-campus, off-campus, at retreats—all covered
• Can be mental OR physical harm: Psychological abuse counts
• “Reckless” is enough: They don’t need to intend harm, just ignore obvious risks
• Consent is NOT a defense: Even if your child “agreed,” it’s still hazing

§ 37.152 Criminal Penalties

• Class B Misdemeanor: Hazing without serious injury (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine)
• Class A Misdemeanor: Hazing causing injury requiring medical treatment
• State Jail Felony: Hazing causing serious bodily injury or death
• Also criminal: Failing to report hazing, retaliating against reporters

§ 37.153 Organizational Liability
Fraternities, sororities, clubs, and universities can be criminally prosecuted if:

• The organization authorized or encouraged hazing, OR
• An officer knew about hazing and failed to report it
• Penalties: Up to $10,000 fine per violation, plus university can revoke recognition

§ 37.155 Consent Not a Defense – Critical Protection
Texas law explicitly states: “It is not a defense to prosecution for hazing that the person being hazed consented to the hazing activity.” This directly counters the “they agreed to it” defense.

§ 37.156 University Reporting Requirements
Texas colleges must:

• Provide hazing prevention education
• Publish hazing policies
• Maintain and publish annual reports of hazing violations
• Transparency resource: UT Austin publishes at hazing.utexas.edu

Criminal vs Civil Cases: Understanding Both Tracks

Criminal Cases (State brings charges)

• Purpose: Punishment (jail, fines, probation)
• Typical charges: Hazing, assault, furnishing alcohol to minors, manslaughter in fatal cases
• Example: In the Penn State Beta Theta Pi case, 18 members faced over 1,000 criminal counts

Civil Cases (Families bring lawsuits)

• Purpose: Compensation and accountability
• Claims: Negligence, wrongful death, emotional distress, negligent supervision
• Our UH case: Leonel Bermudez’s $10 million lawsuit for rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure

Both can proceed simultaneously: A criminal conviction isn’t required for civil action, and many families pursue both tracks.

Federal Law Overlay: Additional Protections

Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024)
Requires colleges receiving federal aid to:

• Report hazing incidents more transparently
• Strengthen hazing education and prevention
• Maintain public hazing data (phased in by 2026)

Title IX Application
When hazing involves sexual harassment, assault, or gender-based hostility, Title IX obligations trigger additional university responsibilities and potential claims.

Clery Act Requirements
Universities must report certain crimes and maintain safety statistics; hazing incidents often overlap with assault or alcohol/drug crimes that require reporting.

National Hazing Case Patterns: Lessons for Texas Families

Alcohol Poisoning Deaths: The Most Common Tragedy

Timothy Piazza – Penn State, Beta Theta Pi (2017)

• Bid-acceptance night with extreme drinking
• Severe falls captured on fraternity security cameras
• 4+ hour delay before calling 911
• Outcome: 18 members charged, Pennsylvania’s Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law enacted
• For Sulphur Springs families: Shows how delay in seeking help worsens outcomes and liability

Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

• “Big/Little” night, forced to drink nearly entire bottle of whiskey
• Died from alcohol poisoning (BAC 0.394%)
• Outcome: $10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU)
• Takeaway: National fraternities can face massive financial liability

Max Gruver – LSU, Phi Delta Theta (2017)

• “Bible study” drinking game, wrong answers = forced drinking
• Died from alcohol toxicity (BAC 0.495%)
• Outcome: Louisiana enacted Max Gruver Act (felony hazing statute)
• Relevance to Texas: Similar “education” drinking games occur here

Physical and Ritualized Hazing: Beyond Alcohol

Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013)

• Blindfolded, weighted with backpack, repeatedly tackled during “glass ceiling” ritual
• Fatal traumatic brain injury, delayed 911 call
• Outcome: National fraternity convicted of aggravated assault and manslaughter
• Key lesson: Off-campus retreats don’t eliminate liability

Danny Santulli – University of Missouri, Phi Gamma Delta (2021)

• “Pledge dad reveal” night with forced excessive drinking
• Suffered severe, permanent brain damage (cannot walk, talk, or see)
• Outcome: Settlements with 22 defendants, reportedly multi-million dollar
• For Texas parents: Shows catastrophic non-fatal injuries also bring accountability

Athletic Program Hazing: Not Just Greek Life

Northwestern University Football (2023-2025)

• Allegations of sexualized, racist hazing within football program
• Multiple lawsuits, head coach fired, confidential settlements
• Relevance: Texas athletic programs at all levels face similar risks

What These National Cases Mean for Sulphur Springs Families

1. Patterns repeat: The same hazing methods (forced drinking, physical abuse, humiliation) recur across campuses
2. Cover-ups increase liability: Delayed medical care, destroyed evidence, coached witnesses all worsen legal exposure
3. National organizations know the risks: Their anti-hazing policies exist because they’ve seen these tragedies before
4. Substantial compensation is possible: Settlements and verdicts range from $375,000 to $14 million
5. Legislative change follows tragedy: Many states upgraded laws only after high-profile deaths

Texas University Focus: Where Sulphur Springs Students Attend

Understanding Sulphur Springs’ University Connections

Families in Sulphur Springs and Hopkins County typically send students to:

Nearby Campuses:

• Texas A&M University-Commerce (45 minutes away, Hunt County)
• University of Texas at Tyler (90 minutes away, Smith County)
• Texas A&M University-Texarkana (90 minutes away, Bowie County)

Major Texas Hubs (Common Destinations):

• University of Houston (where our flagship Bermudez case is occurring)
• Texas A&M University (College Station)
• University of Texas at Austin
• Baylor University (Waco)
• Southern Methodist University (Dallas)
• Texas Tech University (Lubbock)
• University of North Texas (Denton)

Commuting Patterns: Many Sulphur Springs students commute to nearby universities while others live at major campuses hours away—both scenarios present hazing risks.

University of Houston: Ground Zero for Texas Hazing Litigation

Campus Snapshot for Sulphur Springs Families:

• Large urban campus, 60+ Greek organizations
• 4-hour drive from Sulphur Springs, common destination for East Texas students
• Harris County jurisdiction: Cases may involve UHPD, Houston Police, Harris County courts

The Flagship Case: Leonel Bermudez v. UH & Pi Kappa Phi
Right now, we’re actively litigating one of Texas’s most serious hazing cases:

What Happened (Fall 2025):

• Leonel Bermudez, a transfer student, pledged Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter
• Subjected to: “Pledge fanny pack” humiliation, forced dress codes, overnight chauffeuring
• Physical abuse: Sprints, bear crawls, cold-weather exposure, lying in vomit
• Nov 3 workout: 100+ push-ups, 500 squats under expulsion threats
• Medical catastrophe: Developed rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown) and acute kidney failure, passed brown urine, hospitalized 4 days

Defendants in the $10 Million Lawsuit:

1. University of Houston and UH System Board of Regents
2. Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters
3. Beta Nu housing corporation
4. 13 individual fraternity leaders (president, pledgemaster, risk manager, etc.)

Institutional Response:

• Nov 6, 2025: Pi Kappa Phi HQ suspends chapter
• Nov 14, 2025: Chapter members vote to surrender charter, chapter shut down
• UH: Conduct “deeply disturbing,” promises disciplinary action and law enforcement cooperation

Why This Matters for Sulphur Springs Families:

1. Proof of serious Texas hazing: This isn’t theoretical—it’s happening now at a major Texas university
2. Multi-defendant strategy: We’re suing everyone from individual members to national HQ
3. Medical documentation: Bermudez’s rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure show severe physical harm
4. Media coverage: Extensive reporting by Click2Houston, ABC13, Hoodline creates public record

UH’s Greek Landscape (From Official Rosters):

• Interfraternity Council: Alpha Epsilon Pi, Alpha Sigma Phi, Beta Theta Pi, Kappa Sigma, Pi Kappa Alpha, Pi Kappa Phi, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Sigma Chi, 17+ others
• Panhellenic: Alpha Chi Omega, Chi Omega, Delta Gamma, Delta Zeta, Phi Mu, Zeta Tau Alpha
• NPHC (Divine Nine): All historically Black organizations present
• Multicultural: Numerous Asian-interest, Latinx-interest, and other cultural groups

UH Hazing Policy & Reporting:

• Prohibits hazing on and off campus
• Reporting through Dean of Students, Student Conduct, UHPD
• Some disciplinary information publicly posted

Prior UH Incidents:

• 2016 Pi Kappa Alpha case: Pledge suffered lacerated spleen during hazing, chapter suspended
• Multiple other fraternities disciplined for alcohol violations, “likely to produce discomfort”

What UH Students & Sulphur Springs Parents Should Do:

1. Report immediately: Dean of Students Office, UHPD at 713-743-3333
2. Document everything: Screenshot UH-specific group chats (Cougar CSL, chapter apps)
3. Medical care: UT Health services or Houston-area hospitals
4. Legal consultation: Contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for Houston-based expertise

Texas A&M University: Corps Culture and Greek Life

Sulphur Springs Connection:

• 3.5-hour drive from Sulphur Springs, major destination for Texas students
• Brazos County jurisdiction: College Station PD, Brazos County courts
• Corps of Cadets attracts students from military families statewide

Corps of Cadets Hazing Issues:

• 2023 Lawsuit: Cadet alleged “roasted pig” bondage with apple in mouth, sought $1+ million
• Traditional discipline vs. hazing: Fine line in military-style environment
• University response: A&M states it handles under Corps regulations

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Chemical Burns Case (2021):

• Pledges allegedly covered in industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, spit
• Severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries
• Lawsuit: Pledges sued for $1 million, fraternity suspended 2 years
• Pattern evidence: SAE has national history of similar incidents

Texas A&M Greek Landscape:

• Corps-affiliated organizations: Distinct from mainstream Greek life
• Large IFC/Panhellenic community: 50+ chapters
• Agricultural/honor societies: Unique to A&M’s culture

A&M’s Handling of Hazing:

• Through Student Conduct office
• Corps has separate disciplinary system
• Some transparency through annual reports

For Sulphur Springs Families with Aggies:

1. Understand dual systems: Greek life and Corps operate differently
2. Medical resources: Baylor Scott & White in College Station
3. Reporting: A&M Student Conduct, Corps leadership for cadets
4. Legal considerations: Different strategies for Corps vs. Greek cases

University of Texas at Austin: Transparency and Tradition

Sulphur Springs Connection:

• 4-hour drive, flagship campus attracting top students statewide
• Travis County jurisdiction: UTPD, Austin PD, Travis County courts
• “Absolute Texxas” spirit group hazing shows non-Greek risks

UT’s Public Hazing Violations Page:
One of Texas’s most transparent systems at hazing.utexas.edu

Recent UT Sanctions:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): New members directed to consume milk, perform strenuous calisthenics → probation + hazing prevention education
• Texas Wranglers: Multiple sanctions for alcohol-related hazing
• Various spirit groups: Discipline for forced workouts, humiliation

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Assault Case (2024):

• Australian exchange student allegedly assaulted at party
• Injuries: Dislocated leg, broken ligaments, fractured tibia, broken nose
• Lawsuit: Student sued for over $1 million, chapter already under suspension
• Pattern: SAE’s national history includes similar violence

UT’s Greek Life Scale:

• ~60 fraternity/sorority chapters
• Multiple governing councils: IFC, Panhellenic, NPHC, multicultural
• Texas Asian Pan-Hellenic Council unique to UT

For Austin-Bound Sulphur Springs Students:

1. Check the database: Review hazing.utexas.edu before joining organizations
2. Reporting channels: Dean of Students, UTPD, online forms
3. Medical care: UT University Health Services, Austin-area hospitals
4. Legal advantage: UT’s transparency helps prove pattern knowledge in lawsuits

Southern Methodist University: Private University Challenges

Sulphur Springs Connection:

• 90-minute drive to Dallas, popular for North Texas students
• Dallas County jurisdiction: SMU PD, Dallas PD, Dallas County courts
• Private university status affects transparency and liability

Kappa Alpha Order Incident (2017):

• New members reportedly paddled, forced to drink, sleep deprived
• Chapter suspended, restrictions until 2021
• Pattern: KA’s national history includes similar incidents

SMU’s Greek Dominance:

• High percentage of students in Greek life
• Strong Panhellenic/IFC presence
• NPHC and multicultural groups also active

Private University Dynamics:

• Less public reporting than public universities
• May use confidential “internal resolutions”
• Still subject to Texas hazing laws and federal requirements

For SMU Families from Sulphur Springs:

1. Limited transparency: Assume less public information than UT/TAMU
2. Reporting: SMU Conduct office, anonymous systems like Real Response
3. Legal strategy: May require more aggressive discovery to uncover internal records
4. Medical: Dallas-area hospitals, SMU health services

Baylor University: Religious Identity and Accountability

Sulphur Springs Connection:

• 2-hour drive to Waco, attracts religious families statewide
• McLennan County jurisdiction: Baylor PD, Waco PD, McLennan County courts
• History of Title IX scrutiny affects hazing response

Baylor Baseball Hazing (2020):

• 14 players suspended following hazing investigation
• Suspensions staggered over season
• Context: Baylor’s broader cultural and oversight challenges

Baylor’s Greek Life:

• Strong Panhellenic/IFC presence despite religious affiliation
• NPHC organizations active
• Some religious-based Greek organizations unique to Baylor

Post-Scandal Environment:

• Increased sensitivity to misconduct reporting
• Possible overcorrection or defensive responses
• Still must comply with Texas hazing laws

For Baylor Families in Sulphur Springs:

1. Religious context: May affect reporting comfort and institutional response
2. Medical: Baylor Scott & White in Waco (same system as College Station)
3. Reporting: Baylor Conduct office, Title IX office if sexualized hazing
4. Legal considerations: Baylor’s private status and religious identity create unique dynamics

Texas Fraternities & Sororities: National Histories Meet Local Chapters

Why National Histories Matter for Sulphur Springs Families

When your child joins a fraternity or sorority at a Texas university, they’re not just joining a local club—they’re connecting to a national organization with decades of history, including hazing incidents. This history creates legal “foreseeability”—the national organization knew or should have known the risks.

Major National Organizations at Texas Universities

Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) – National Pattern of Alcohol Deaths

• Stone Foltz: Bowling Green State, 2021 – forced drinking death, $10M settlement
• David Bogenberger: Northern Illinois, 2012 – alcohol poisoning death, $14M settlement
• Texas chapters: Present at UH, Texas A&M, UT, Baylor, SMU
• Legal significance: Nationals had prior warnings about “Big/Little” drinking rituals

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) – Nationwide Hazing Issues

• Carson Starkey: Cal Poly, 2008 – alcohol death, confidential settlement
• Texas A&M: 2021 chemical burns case, $1M lawsuit
• UT Austin: 2024 assault case, $1M+ lawsuit
• National response: Eliminated pledge process in 2014 due to pattern

Beta Theta Pi – The Piazza Case Legacy

• Timothy Piazza: Penn State, 2017 – bid night death, delayed 911 call
• Outcome: 18 members charged, Pennsylvania’s Piazza Law enacted
• Texas presence: Chapters at major universities
• Pattern: Bid acceptance events with extreme drinking

Pi Kappa Phi – Andrew Coffey and Now Leonel Bermudez

• Andrew Coffey: Florida State, 2017 – Big Brother night death
• Leonel Bermudez: University of Houston, 2025 – our active $10M case
• National knowledge: Should have learned from Coffey tragedy

Phi Delta Theta – Max Gruver’s Legacy

• Max Gruver: LSU, 2017 – “Bible study” drinking game death
• Outcome: Louisiana’s Max Gruver Act (felony hazing)
• Pattern: Educational drinking games recurring nationally

Kappa Alpha Order – Paddling and Tradition Issues

• SMU chapter: 2017 paddling and drinking incident, suspension
• National history: Multiple paddling incidents nationwide
• Texas presence: Major campuses including A&M and SMU

How National Histories Strengthen Texas Cases

Proving Foreseeability:

• Show national knew same conduct caused injuries/deaths elsewhere
• Demonstrate failure to implement effective prevention
• Argue inadequate response to prior incidents

Overcoming “Rogue Chapter” Defense:

• Nationals often claim: “We didn’t know,” “This was rogue individuals”
• Pattern evidence shows: This conduct recurs across their chapters
• Their own anti-hazing policies admit the risks exist

Insurance Coverage Implications:

• Nationals carry insurance for exactly these risks
• Pattern evidence counters “unforeseeable accident” arguments
• Shows conduct was within “scope of membership” activities

Building a Hazing Case: Evidence, Strategy, Damages

Evidence Collection: The Modern Hazing Investigation

Digital Evidence – The Most Critical Category

• Group chats: GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, fraternity apps
• Social media: Instagram DMs, Snapchat (screenshot immediately), TikTok
• Recovery methods: Digital forensics can retrieve deleted messages
• Our video guide: Watch our evidence preservation video at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs

Photographic and Video Evidence

• Injuries: Multiple angles, include ruler/coin for scale, document progression
• Locations: Hazing sites, chapter houses, off-campus venues
• Events: If safe to record, but never endanger yourself

Medical Documentation

• Immediate care: ER records must state “hazing injury”
• Specialist follow-up: Rhabdomyolysis requires nephrology, PTSD requires psychology
• Ongoing treatment: Document all concussion, kidney, mental health care

University and Organizational Records

• Prior disciplinary files (obtained via discovery)
• National fraternity risk management files
• Chapter meeting minutes, pledge education materials
• Insurance policies and coverage documents

Witness Identification

• Other pledges (often afraid but may cooperate later)
• Former members who quit or were expelled
• Roommates, RAs, bystanders
• Emergency responders, hospital staff

Legal Strategy: Multi-Defendant Approach

Why Sue Everyone?

1. Insurance coverage: Different defendants have different policies
2. Leverage: More defendants = more settlement pressure
3. Accountability: Everyone who failed shares responsibility
4. Prevention: Only systemic change stops recurring hazing

Potential Defendants in a Texas Hazing Case:

1. Individual members: Those who planned, participated, or covered up
2. Chapter officers: President, pledgemaster, risk manager with duty to prevent
3. Local chapter: If incorporated as separate legal entity
4. National headquarters: Sets policies, collects dues, oversees chapters
5. Housing corporations: Own chapter houses, may have insurance
6. University/regents: For negligent supervision, Title IX violations
7. Property owners: Landlords of off-campus hazing sites
8. Alcohol providers: Under Texas dram shop law if applicable

Overcoming Common Defenses:

• “They consented”: Texas law says consent isn’t defense
• “Off-campus”: Location doesn’t eliminate university/national duty
• “Rogue individuals”: Pattern evidence shows national knew risks
• “We have policies”: Policies without enforcement are meaningless

Damages: What Families Can Recover

Economic Damages (Quantifiable Losses)

• Medical expenses: Past and future care, including lifelong needs for catastrophic injuries
• Lost earnings: Missed semesters, delayed career entry, reduced earning capacity
• Educational costs: Lost scholarships, transfer expenses, tuition reimbursement

Non-Economic Damages (Subjective Harm)

• Physical pain: From injuries, surgeries, ongoing limitations
• Emotional distress: PTSD, depression, anxiety, humiliation
• Loss of enjoyment: Can’t participate in college life, sports, social activities

Wrongful Death Damages (For Families)

• Economic: Funeral costs, lost financial support
• Non-economic: Loss of companionship, parental grief, siblings’ trauma

Punitive Damages (When Available)

• Purpose: Punish extreme recklessness, deter future conduct
• When awarded: Prior warnings ignored, cover-ups, callous indifference
• Texas caps: Generally limited but higher for gross negligence/intentional acts

Sample Case Values (Based on Public Settlements):

• Stone Foltz death: $10 million total settlement
• David Bogenberger death: $14 million settlement
• Max Gruver death: $6.1 million verdict plus prior settlements
• Severe injury cases: $375,000 to multi-million dollars
• Our UH case: $10 million demand for rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure

Practical Guides for Sulphur Springs Families

For Parents: Recognizing and Responding to Hazing

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Hazed:

• Unexplained injuries with inconsistent “accident” stories
• Extreme exhaustion beyond normal college stress
• Sudden personality changes: anxiety, withdrawal, defensiveness
• Constant phone use for group chats, fear of missing messages
• Financial changes: Unexplained expenses, requests for money
• Academic decline: Missing classes, dropping grades, losing scholarships

How to Talk to Your Child:

1. Choose the right time: When they’re rested, not stressed
2. Ask open questions: “How are things with your fraternity/sorority?” not “Are they hazing you?”
3. Listen without judgment: If they open up, don’t react with anger at them
4. Emphasize safety: “Your health matters more than any organization”
5. Offer unconditional support: “We’ll help you no matter what”

If You Suspect Hazing:

1. Document everything: Write down what they say, when they said it
2. Preserve evidence: Help them screenshot messages before deletion
3. Medical evaluation: Even if they resist, insist on doctor visit
4. Consult attorney early: Before contacting university or organization
5. Report strategically: With attorney guidance, not emotional confrontation

For Students: Safety and Rights

Is This Hazing? Quick Self-Assessment:

• Are you being pressured to do something dangerous or degrading?
• Would you do this if you could say no without consequences?
• Are older members making you do things they don’t do themselves?
• Are you told to keep secrets from parents/university?
• Does it feel like “earning your place” through suffering?

If You’re in Immediate Danger:

• Call 911: Medical emergencies override all other concerns
• Get to safety: Your dorm, friend’s place, public area
• Texas law protects: Good-faith reporters often get immunity

Exiting Safely:

1. Tell someone first: Parent, RA, trusted friend for witness
2. Written resignation: Email/text chapter president: “I resign effective immediately”
3. No “last meetings”: They may pressure or retaliate
4. Document threats: Screenshot any retaliation for protective orders
5. University reporting: Dean of Students can help with transition

Your Legal Rights in Texas:

• Can’t be punished for 911 calls in medical emergencies
• Consent isn’t defense to hazing charges
• Can sue for damages even without criminal charges
• Can request no-contact orders if harassed after reporting

Critical Mistakes That Can Ruin Your Case

Mistake #1: Deleting Evidence

• What happens: Messages deleted, photos erased, “cleanup” attempted
• Why it’s fatal: Looks like cover-up, obstruction of justice, case becomes unwinnable
• Solution: Preserve everything immediately, even embarrassing content

Mistake #2: Confronting the Organization

• What happens: They lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses, prepare defenses
• Why it fails: Loses element of surprise, gives them time to construct narrative
• Solution: Document quietly, consult attorney, let lawyer handle communications

Mistake #3: Signing University Agreements

• What universities do: Pressure quick “internal resolutions” with waiver of rights
• Why it’s dangerous: Settlements often far below case value, may preclude further action
• Solution: Do NOT sign anything without attorney review

Mistake #4: Social Media Posting

• What families think: “I want people to know what happened”
• Why it backfires: Defense attorneys screenshot everything, inconsistencies hurt credibility
• Solution: Private documentation only, let attorney control public messaging

Mistake #5: Waiting for University Investigation

• What universities promise: “We’re handling it internally”
• Why it’s insufficient: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, statute runs
• Solution: Preserve evidence now, consult lawyer immediately, university process ≠ real accountability

Watch our video on client mistakes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY

Frequently Asked Questions for Sulphur Springs Families

“Can we sue a Texas university for hazing?”
Yes, under specific circumstances. Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and individual employee actions. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity barriers. Every case depends on specific facts—contact us at 1-888-ATTY-911 for case-specific analysis.

“Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
It can be. Texas Education Code § 37.152 makes hazing a Class B misdemeanor by default, but upgrades to a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Individual officers can also face charges for failing to report hazing.

“What if my child ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
Texas law explicitly states consent is not a defense to hazing (§ 37.155). Courts recognize that “consent” under peer pressure, power imbalance, and fear of exclusion isn’t true voluntary consent. This is critical protection for victims.

“How long do we have to file a lawsuit?”
Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas, but the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. In cases involving cover-ups, the statute may be tolled (paused). Time is critical—evidence disappears, witnesses forget, organizations destroy records. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately to protect your rights.

“What if hazing happened off-campus?”
Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, knowledge, and foreseeability. Many major hazing cases (Pi Delta Psi retreat, Sigma Pi unofficial house) occurred off-campus and still resulted in multi-million-dollar judgments.

“Will my child’s name be public?”
Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. You can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability. However, some cases (like our UH Bermudez case) involve media attention that can’t be completely controlled.

“How do contingency fees work?”
We work on contingency—no upfront costs, no fee unless we win. Fees are percentage of recovery, typically 33-40% plus expenses. Watch our fee explanation video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc

Why Attorney911 for Texas Hazing Cases

Our Unique Qualifications for Sulphur Springs Families

When your family faces a hazing crisis, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how universities, national fraternities, and insurance companies fight back—and how to win anyway.

Insurance Insider Advantage: Lupe Peña’s Defense Background
Mr. Lupe Peña spent years as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm. He knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies:

• Value (and undervalue) hazing claims
• Use delay tactics to pressure families
• Argue coverage exclusions for “intentional acts”
• Deploy independent medical exams to minimize injuries
  His insider knowledge is why we say: “We know their playbook because we used to run it.” Learn more about Mr. Peña at https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/

Complex Institutional Litigation: Ralph Manginello’s Experience
Ralph Manginello is one of the few Texas attorneys involved in BP Texas City explosion litigation—taking on billion-dollar corporations with unlimited legal budgets. This experience directly applies to hazing cases against:

• National fraternities with deep pockets
• University systems with sovereign immunity claims
• Multi-defendant institutional cover-ups
  His federal court experience (U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas) and HCCLA membership signal we’re not intimidated by powerful opponents. View Ralph’s credentials: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/

Multi-Million Dollar Results in Catastrophic Cases

• Wrongful death experience: We’ve recovered millions for families in complex wrongful death cases
• Economic modeling: We work with economists to value lifetime care needs, lost earning capacity
• Expert network: Medical specialists, digital forensics, psychologists, Greek life culture experts
• Trial readiness: We prepare every case as if it’s going to trial—that’s what forces fair settlements

Dual Civil/Criminal Hazing Expertise

• Ralph’s HCCLA membership: Elite criminal defense capability
• Understanding criminal hazing charges and how they interact with civil cases
• Ability to advise witnesses and former members with dual exposure
• Navigate parallel criminal and civil proceedings

Spanish-Language Services for Texas Families
Mr. Peña speaks fluent Spanish—critical for serving Texas Hispanic families affected by hazing. Contact him directly at lupe@atty911.com for consultation in Spanish.

Our Investigative Approach: Why It Matters

Digital Forensics Capability

• Recover deleted group chats, social media messages
• Trace digital footprints across platforms
• Preserve evidence before it disappears
• Counter claims of “no evidence”

Organizational Pattern Investigation

• Subpoena national fraternity prior incident reports
• Uncover university disciplinary files through public records requests
• Connect local conduct to national patterns
• Prove foreseeability and knowledge

Medical and Economic Analysis

• Comprehensive medical documentation strategy
• Life care planning for catastrophic injuries
• Economic modeling for lost earning capacity
• Coordination with treating physicians and specialists

Witness Development Strategy

• Identify and protect cooperative witnesses
• Navigate fear of retaliation
• Secure testimony through appropriate legal channels
• Work with former members seeking redemption

Serving Sulphur Springs and All of Texas

While based in Houston, we serve families throughout Texas, including Sulphur Springs and Hopkins County. We understand that:

• Hazing at Texas universities affects families statewide
• Legal strategies must account for different university systems (public vs. private)
• Jurisdictional issues vary by county (Harris, Brazos, Travis, Dallas, McLennan, etc.)
• Evidence preservation is urgent regardless of location

Geographic Reach: Houston, Austin, Beaumont offices serving all Texas communities
University Experience: UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, and campuses statewide
Legal Venues: State and federal courts across Texas

Call to Action: Your Next Steps as a Sulphur Springs Family

If Hazing Has Affected Your Family

Contact Us for a Confidential, No-Obligation Consultation:

• Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Email: ralph@atty911.com or lupe@atty911.com (Spanish services)
• Website: https://attorney911.com

What to Expect in Your Free Consultation:

1. We listen: Your story, your concerns, your questions—no judgment, no pressure
2. Evidence review: We’ll examine any photos, messages, medical records you have
3. Legal options explained: Criminal reporting, civil lawsuit, both, or neither
4. Realistic assessment: Timelines, challenges, potential outcomes
5. Cost clarification: Contingency fee basis—no fee unless we win
6. No pressure: Take time to decide, consult other attorneys if you wish
7. Complete confidentiality: Everything you tell us is protected

Why Act Now:

• Evidence disappears: Group chats deleted, witnesses coached, physical evidence destroyed
• Statute of limitations: Generally 2 years in Texas, but the clock is ticking
• University responses: They begin immediately to control the narrative
• Medical documentation: Early intervention improves health and legal outcomes
• Peace of mind: Knowing your options reduces stress during a crisis

Our Commitment to Sulphur Springs Families

We Believe:

• No student should be abused for wanting to belong
• Universities and fraternities must be held accountable when they fail to protect
• Financial compensation helps but doesn’t erase trauma—preventing future harm is equally important
• Every family deserves answers, accountability, and the resources to heal

Our Track Record Shows:

• We take on powerful institutions and win
• We investigate thoroughly, leaving no stone unturned
• We fight for maximum accountability, not quick settlements
• We treat families with the empathy and respect they deserve during unimaginable pain

Final Message to Sulphur Springs Parents

Whether your child attends Texas A&M Commerce down the road or the University of Houston hours away, hazing risks exist across the Texas higher education system. The Leonel Bermudez case at UH proves that even at major universities with anti-hazing policies, serious abuse still occurs and causes catastrophic harm.

You don’t have to navigate this alone. You don’t have to accept university explanations that minimize what happened. You don’t have to worry about how to pay for legal help.

If hazing has impacted your family:

• Trust your instincts about what’s happening to your child
• Preserve evidence immediately before it disappears
• Get medical documentation of all injuries
• Contact us before making any statements or signing anything
• Let us help you pursue answers, accountability, and justice

Call Attorney911 today at 1-888-ATTY-911. We’re here 24/7 because legal emergencies don’t keep business hours. We’ll listen to your story, explain your rights under Texas law, and help you decide the best path forward for your family.

From our offices in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, we serve families throughout Texas—including right here in Sulphur Springs and Hopkins County. When hazing shatters the college experience you envisioned for your child, we’re here to help pick up the pieces and fight for the accountability that prevents this from happening to another family.

Plain Text Links to Key Resources

News Coverage of the Leonel Bermudez / UH Pi Kappa Phi Hazing Lawsuit:

• Click2Houston report: https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2025/11/21/only-on-2-lawsuit-alleges-severe-hazing-at-university-of-houstons-pi-kappa-phi-chapter-fraternity/
• ABC13 coverage: https://abc13.com/post/waterboarding-forced-eating-physical-punishment-lawsuit-alleges-abuse-faced-injured-pledge-uhs-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity/18186418/
• Hoodline summary: https://hoodline.com/2025/11/university-of-houston-and-pi-kappa-phi-fraternity-face-10m-lawsuit-over-alleged-hazing-and-abuse/

Attorney911 Educational YouTube Videos:

• Evidence preservation video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs
• Statute of limitations video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c
• Client mistakes video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY
• Contingency fees video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc

Attorney911 Main Website & Contact:

• Main website: https://attorney911.com
• Contact page: https://attorney911.com/contact/
• Ralph Manginello profile: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/
• Lupe Peña profile: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/
• Wrongful death practice: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com | Spanish: lupe@atty911.com