Hazing in West Virginia: A Comprehensive Guide for Families

The crisp Appalachian air, the stunning mountain vistas, and the tight-knit communities of West Virginia define a unique lifestyle. From the historic streets of Harpers Ferry to the bustling campuses of Morgantown, life here often revolves around community and tradition. But what happens when those traditions turn destructive? Imagine your child, a bright student from a West Virginia high school, heads off to one of the state’s vibrant universities. They’re eager to join a fraternity, a sorority, or perhaps an athletic team, looking for that sense of belonging. They’re asked to attend an event—a “brotherhood building” gathering, a “sisterhood sneak,” or a “team bonding” session. The night progresses, and what started as innocent fun spirals into something humiliating, dangerous, or even life-threatening. They’re pressured to drink beyond their limits, endure grueling physical challenges, or suffer degrading acts. Amidst the chanting and forced camaraderie, someone gets hurt—a fall, a collapse, a moment of profound vulnerability where calling for help is unthinkable due to fear of “getting the chapter in trouble.” Your child feels trapped, torn between loyalty to their new group and their own safety.

This painful scenario is not a distant possibility; it’s the harsh reality of hazing in 2025. For families in West Virginia, understanding the true nature of hazing is more critical than ever. This comprehensive guide will illuminate what hazing really looks like in our modern era, extending far beyond the old stereotypes. We will delve into the legal framework in Texas, which, while not directly applicable to incidents in West Virginia, provides valuable insights into how hazing cases are litigated in the United States and offers an understanding of the legal strategies successful in combating such abuse. We’ll explore major national hazing cases and their patterns, and then examine specific Texas universities that often draw students from West Virginia—University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, and Baylor—to help West Virginia families understand potential risks across the region. We will connect the dots between local chapter conduct and their national organizations’ histories, showing why these patterns matter for accountability. Finally, we’ll provide practical guidance on evidence collection, legal options, and critical mistakes to avoid, positioning Attorney911 as a knowledgeable and empathetic partner for families navigating the aftermath of hazing.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES:

• If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

  • Call 911 for medical emergencies
  • Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
  • We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

• In the first 48 hours:

  • Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
  • Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
    • Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
    • Photograph injuries from multiple angles
    • Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
  • Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
  • Do NOT:
    • Confront the fraternity/sorority
    • Sign anything from the university or insurance company
    • Post details on public social media
    • Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

• Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

  • Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
  • Universities move quickly to control the narrative
  • We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
  • Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

For West Virginia families unfamiliar with modern Greek life or other student organizations, hazing often conjures images from outdated movies – mild pranks or silly traditions. However, the reality of hazing in 2025 is far more insidious, dangerous, and psychologically damaging. It’s a complex spectrum of behaviors driven by power dynamics, group pressure, and a misguided sense of tradition. Hazing isn’t just “boys being boys” or harmless fun; it is a widespread problem that impacts students from all backgrounds and affiliations across the nation, including those from West Virginia attending various colleges and universities.

Clear, Modern Definition of Hazing

At its core, hazing is any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, committed by one person or a group, directed against a student, that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of that student, and occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation, affiliation, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

It’s crucial to understand that if someone makes you do something dangerous, harmful, or degrading to join or stay in a group, and they meant to do it or were reckless about the risk, that’s hazing. This definition highlights several critical points:

• Location doesn’t matter: Hazing can happen on or off campus, in private residences, or even online.
• Harm can be mental or physical: The damage isn’t always visible. Psychological manipulation can have lasting effects.
• Intent isn’t always malicious: Even reckless behavior, where a person knew the risks but proceeded anyway, constitutes hazing.
• “Consent” is not a defense: A student’s reluctant agreement to a hazing act, often driven by intense social pressure or fear of exclusion, does not absolve the perpetrators of responsibility. The law recognizes that true consent is absent when there’s a significant power imbalance.

Main Categories of Hazing

Hazing manifests in various forms. While some might seem subtle, all types contribute to an unhealthy and often dangerous environment.

• Alcohol and Substance Hazing: This is arguably the most prevalent and deadly form of hazing. It involves forcing or pressuring new members to consume alcohol quickly and in excessive quantities. Examples include “lineup” drinking games where pledges are given multiple shots in quick succession, “bottle exchanges” where pledges must finish entire bottles of liquor, or drinking contests designed to induce extreme intoxication. These activities often lead to alcohol poisoning, a medical emergency that can be fatal. Such incidents commonly occur during “Big/Little reveal” nights or “initiation” events.

• Physical Hazing: These acts inflict physical pain or discomfort. They can range from brutal beatings and paddling with wooden implements to extreme and dangerous calisthenics, “workouts,” or “smokings” that push individuals far beyond safe physical limits. Sleep deprivation, often spanning multiple days, and forced food or water deprivation are also common, leading to exhaustion and health risks. Pledges might also be exposed to extreme cold or heat, or placed in dangerous environments without proper preparation or safety measures.

• Sexualized and Humiliating Hazing: This category involves deeply degrading acts designed to embarrass, shame, or mock new members. It often includes forced nudity or partial nudity, mandatory participation in simulated sexual acts, or being compelled to adopt dehumanizing poses such as the “roasted pig.” New members may be forced to wear degrading costumes, participate in sexually suggestive dances, or endure acts with racial, homophobic, or sexist overtones, including the use of slurs or forced role-playing of stereotypes.

• Psychological Hazing: This type of hazing inflicts emotional and mental distress. It frequently involves sustained verbal abuse, threats, intimidation, and social isolation, cutting off new members from their non-group friends and family. Manipulation tactics and forced confessions can erode self-esteem and create severe anxiety. Public shaming, whether in person or online, can lead to profound humiliation and long-lasting psychological trauma.

• Digital/Online Hazing: A newer but increasingly common form, digital hazing leverages technology to exert control and inflict humiliation. This includes demands in group chats that require immediate responses at all hours, social media dares, or “challenges” that result in public embarrassment on platforms like Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok. New members might be pressured to create or share compromising images or videos, or to engage in online harassment of others. Geo-location tracking through apps like “Find My Friends” can be used to monitor pledges’ movements, further eroding their autonomy.

Where Hazing Actually Happens

It’s a common misconception that hazing is exclusively a “fraternity problem.” The reality is far broader. Hazing is a pervasive issue across various student organizations, often fueled by misguided notions of building solidarity or tradition.

• Fraternities and Sororities: This remains the most visible sector where hazing occurs, encompassing Interfraternity Council (IFC), Panhellenic, National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and multicultural Greek-letter organizations. Pledging processes, while officially “education,” can quickly devolve into abusive practices.
• Corps of Cadets / ROTC / Military-Style Groups: In organizations with a hierarchical, military structure, hazing can be mistakenly equated with “discipline” or “training.” This includes forced physical exertion, sleep deprivation, and psychological intimidation, sometimes leading to severe injury.
• Spirit Squads, Tradition Clubs, and Campus Organizations: Groups like “student spirit organizations,” cultural societies, or even some academic clubs can engage in hazing practices. These might involve demanding tasks, forced servitude, or demeaning rituals that members justify as “traditions.”
• Athletic Teams: From football and basketball to swimming, soccer, and cheerleading, hazing can be deeply entrenched in athletic cultures. This often takes the form of forced alcohol consumption, physical abuse presented as “team conditioning,” or sexualized rituals.
• Marching Bands and Performance Groups: Even seemingly benign organizations like marching bands, a cappella groups, or theater ensembles can have hazing traditions, often disguised as “bonding” experiences.

Historically, social status, the allure of tradition, and an ingrained code of secrecy have allowed these dangerous practices to persist, even when participants are fully aware that hazing is illegal and explicitly prohibited by universities and national organizations. The fear of external consequences often outweighs the moral imperative to report or intervene.

Law & Liability Framework (Texas + Federal)

Understanding the legal landscape surrounding hazing is crucial for families. While we discuss Texas law in detail, it offers a strong framework for understanding the nature of hazing litigation in the United States, including how incidents that affect students from West Virginia attending universities elsewhere might be approached.

Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code)

Texas has specific, robust anti-hazing provisions outlined in the state’s Education Code (Chapter 37, Subchapter F). These laws define hazing broadly and establish severe penalties for individuals and organizations involved.

According to Texas Education Code § 37.151, hazing means any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by one person alone or with others, directed against a student, that:

1. Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, AND
2. Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

In plain English, if someone makes you do something dangerous, harmful, or degrading to join or stay in a group, and they meant to do it or were reckless about the risk, that is hazing under Texas law. This means:

• Location is irrelevant: Whether it happens on campus, at a remote off-campus retreat, or in a private home, the act can still be classified as hazing.
• Harm isn’t just physical: Psychological harm, such as extreme humiliation, intimidation, or manipulation, is explicitly covered.
• Intent isn’t always malicious: “Reckless” acts, where a person knew the potential risks but proceeded anyway, are sufficient for a hazing charge.
• “Consent” is not a defense: Even if a student reluctantly “agrees” to participate, Texas law (Education Code § 37.155) explicitly states that consent cannot be used as a defense for hazing. This recognizes the inherent power imbalance and coercive nature of such situations.

Criminal Penalties for Hazing in Texas:

• Class B Misdemeanor (default): Applies when hazing doesn’t cause serious bodily injury. This can carry a fine of up to $2,000 and/or up to 180 days in jail.
• Class A Misdemeanor: If the hazing causes bodily injury requiring medical attention.
• State Jail Felony: If the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. This carries potential jail time of 180 days to 2 years and a fine of up to $10,000.

Beyond direct participation, Texas law also criminalizes:

• Failing to Report Hazing: Any student holding an organizational office or having significant authority over another student who knows that hazing is taking place and fails to report it can face misdemeanor charges.
• Retaliation: Retaliating against someone who reports hazing is also a misdemeanor.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases

It’s important for West Virginia families to understand that hazing incidents can lead to two distinct types of legal action:

• Criminal Cases: These are initiated and pursued by the state or government (e.g., district attorneys or federal prosecutors). The primary goal of a criminal case is to punish an individual or organization for breaking the law, typically through fines, imprisonment, or probation. Common hazing-related criminal charges in Texas include hazing offenses, furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, battery, or, in the most tragic circumstances, manslaughter or negligent homicide.
• Civil Cases: These are initiated by the victims or their surviving family members. The primary goal of a civil case is to seek monetary compensation for the damages suffered and to hold the responsible parties accountable. Civil lawsuits often focus on legal theories such as negligence (failure to act reasonably), gross negligence (extreme disregard for safety), wrongful death, negligent hiring or supervision, premises liability, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Damages sought can cover medical bills, lost income, pain and suffering, and, in some cases, punitive damages intended to punish egregious behavior.

Both criminal and civil actions can proceed concurrently, and a criminal conviction is not a prerequisite for pursuing a civil lawsuit. In fact, many successful civil cases have been settled or won without accompanying criminal charges.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Beyond state laws, several federal regulations can impact hazing cases:

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This federal law requires universities receiving federal funding to disclose hazing incident data. By around 2026, institutions will need to:

  • Report all hazing violations, including the date, location, and a description of the conduct.
  • Detail the sanctions imposed on organizations and individuals.
  • Provide educational programs on hazing prevention and awareness.
    This transparency aims to give prospective students and their families access to crucial safety information, serving as a powerful deterrent.

• Title IX: This federal civil rights law prohibits sex-based discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. When hazing involves sexual harassment, sexual assault, gender-based humiliation, or gender-based hostility, Title IX obligations are triggered. Universities have a duty to investigate such claims promptly and fairly, and failure to do so can expose them to liability.

• Clery Act (Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act): This law requires colleges and universities to report campus crime statistics and to disclose security policies. Hazing incidents, particularly those involving assaults, alcohol/drug violations, or other reportable crimes, can fall under Clery reporting requirements. This ensures that campuses are transparent about safety-related incidents.

Who Can Be Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit

Determining who is responsible for hazing can be a complex process, but a skilled attorney will identify all potential liable parties:

• Individual Students: The students who actively planned, encouraged, or participated in the hazing acts are often primary targets. This includes those who furnished alcohol, carried out physical abuse, or attempted to cover up the incident.
• Local Chapter/Organization: If the fraternity, sorority, club, or team is a formally recognized legal entity, the chapter itself can be held accountable for the actions of its members if the hazing was organizational in nature or known by leadership.
• National Fraternity/Sorority: National organizations that oversee local chapters can be held liable. Their liability often stems from their failure to properly supervise, train, or discipline chapters, especially if they had prior knowledge of hazing risks or a history of similar incidents across various campuses. Nationals often have extensive insurance policies.
• University or Governing Board: While public universities in Texas may assert sovereign immunity, exceptions exist. Universities can be held liable for:
  • Negligence or Gross Negligence: For failing to enforce their own anti-hazing policies, providing inadequate supervision, or ignoring known hazing problems.
  • Deliberate Indifference: Particularly in Title IX cases, if a university was aware of hazing involving gender-based discrimination and failed to take appropriate action.
  • Negligent Supervision: Of faculty advisors, residential life staff, or campus police who were aware of hazing. Private universities like SMU and Baylor generally have fewer immunity protections than public institutions like UH, Texas A&M, and UT.
• Third Parties:
  • Property Owners/Landlords: Owners of off-campus houses, Airbnbs, or other venues where hazing occurs can sometimes be held liable for unsafe premises.
  • Alcohol Providers: Bars, liquor stores, or individuals who illegally provide alcohol to minors, especially if they know it will be consumed in a high-risk environment, might face liability under dram shop laws or social host ordinances.
  • Event Organizers/Security Companies: If hazing occurred at a sanctioned event, any third-party organizers or security providers responsible for safety could also be implicated.

Each hazing case is fact-specific, and the precise combination of liable parties will vary depending on the circumstances of the incident. An experienced hazing attorney gathers all evidence to identify every responsible entity.

National Hazing Case Patterns (Anchor Stories)

While your child might be attending a university in North America, United States, West Virginia, understanding national hazing cases is crucial because they reveal recurring patterns, establish legal precedents, and often lead to stronger anti-hazing laws and policies that influence institutions everywhere. These tragic stories resonate across state lines, demonstrating why organizations and universities can be held accountable.

Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern

The most common and deadly form of hazing involves forced or coerced alcohol consumption. The following cases highlight this devastating pattern, serving as stark warnings that are referenced in hazing litigation across the country:

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State, Beta Theta Pi (2017): In a case that shocked the nation, 19-year-old Timothy Piazza died after a “bid acceptance” night where he was forced to consume dangerous amounts of alcohol. After falling repeatedly, suffering severe head injuries captured on fraternity security cameras, fraternity members delayed calling 911 for nearly 12 hours. This delay proved fatal. The tragedy led to dozens of criminal charges against fraternity members, extensive civil litigation, and the enactment of the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law in Pennsylvania, one of the strictest in the nation. This case underscores the twin dangers of extreme intoxication and the culture of delayed medical care and cover-ups.
• Andrew Coffey – Florida State, Pi Kappa Phi (2017): Andrew Coffey, a 20-year-old pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event. Pledges were given handles of hard liquor and pressured to consume them. His death resulted in criminal charges against multiple fraternity members and prompted Florida State University to temporarily suspend all Greek life. The incident fueled a statewide anti-hazing movement, and his family later reached a confidential settlement in a wrongful death suit. This case is a tragic example of how “traditional” drinking nights become deadly formulas.
• Maxwell “Max” Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (2017): 18-year-old Max Gruver died with a blood-alcohol level of 0.495% after participating in a “Bible study” drinking game. Pledges were forced to drink whenever they answered questions incorrectly. His death led to the passing of the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, a felony hazing law. Multiple members were charged, with one convicted of negligent homicide. This case illustrates how legislative change often follows public outrage and clear proof of hazing.
• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021): Stone Foltz, an 18-year-old pledge, died after being forced to consume an entire bottle of alcohol during a “Big/Little” event. His death was ruled alcohol poisoning. The incident resulted in criminal convictions for several fraternity members and a significant $10 million settlement for his family, with millions paid by both the Pi Kappa Alpha national organization and Bowling Green State University. His death spurred Ohio to enact Collin’s Law: The Anti-Hazing Act, making hazing a felony when alcohol or drugs cause physical harm. This case is a powerful demonstration that universities can face substantial financial and reputational consequences alongside fraternities.

Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Beyond alcohol, hazing often involves extreme physical abuse, dangerous “rituals,” and a deliberate disregard for safety.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013): Michael Deng died after participating in a brutal “glass ceiling” ritual at a fraternity retreat in the Pocono Mountains. Blindfolded and weighted down with a heavy backpack, he was repeatedly tackled and body-slammed. Instead of immediately seeking help, fraternity members delayed calling 911 for crucial hours. This cover-up amplified the tragedy. Multiple members were convicted, and, significantly, the national fraternity was criminally convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, and banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years. This case became a landmark for establishing organizational criminal liability in hazing deaths.

Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse

Hazing extends beyond Greek life, often deeply entrenched in competitive athletic programs where it’s sometimes misconstrued as “team building” or “toughening up.”

• Northwestern University Football (2023–2025): A massive scandal erupted at Northwestern after former football players alleged widespread sexualized, racist, and physically abusive hazing within the program over many years. Players described degrading acts, forced nudity, and a culture of silence. The crisis led to the firing of head coach Pat Fitzgerald, who subsequently filed a wrongful-termination lawsuit settled confidentially. Multiple players have sued the university, alleging that administrators knew or should have known about the pervasive abuse. This scandal served as a stark reminder that hazing can permeate major athletic programs, involving multiple victims, and highlighting the severe institutional liabilities.

What These Cases Mean for West Virginia Families

These national cases reveal common, tragic threads: the deliberate inducement of extreme intoxication, physical abuse, psychological torment, the delay or denial of medical care, and concerted efforts to cover up incidents. They also show that meaningful reforms and multi-million-dollar settlements often occur only after a tragedy and subsequent legal action.

For West Virginia families, these lessons are vital. While the incidents may have occurred elsewhere, the patterns of behavior, the legal principles of liability, and the tactics of institutional defendants are remarkably consistent. Whether your child attends a school in West Virginia or a major university in Texas such as UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, or Baylor, they are entering an environment shaped by these national lessons. Recognizing these patterns and understanding the legal pathways for accountability means West Virginia families are not alone and can seek justice if a similar tragedy strikes.

Universities: West Virginia and Texas

West Virginia is home to a rich educational landscape, with institutions like West Virginia University, Marshall University, and Shepherd University, all of which embrace a vibrant campus life that often includes active Greek fraternities and sororities, and competitive athletic programs. Even within the Mountain State, policies are in place to prevent hazing, and universities work to foster safe environments. However, many West Virginia families also send their children to major universities throughout Texas, including the University of Houston, Texas A&M University, the University of Texas at Austin, Southern Methodist University, and Baylor University. We delve into these institutions to provide a comprehensive look at their policies, their histories with hazing, and how a legal case might unfold, offering crucial insights for West Virginia parents and students navigating life at these respected Texas schools.

West Virginia University

West Virginia University, located in Morgantown, is the state’s flagship institution, serving a large and diverse student body. The university offers a wide array of academic programs and a dynamic campus life. Greek life plays a significant role in student culture, with numerous fraternities and sororities active on campus. WVU fields numerous NCAA Division I athletic teams as well.

Marshall University

Marshall University, situated in Huntington, is another cornerstone of West Virginia higher education. Known for its strong community ties and a variety of academic offerings, Marshall also supports a robust Greek system and competitive NCAA Division I athletics. The university fosters a strong sense of community and school spirit among its students.

Shepherd University

Nestled in Shepherdstown, Shepherd University provides a smaller, more intimate educational experience. Its picturesque campus and liberal arts focus attract students from across West Virginia and beyond. Shepherd University also hosts a number of fraternities and sororities, along with NCAA Division II athletic programs, contributing to a vibrant extracurricular scene.

University of Houston

The University of Houston (UH) stands as a prominent public research university in Houston, Texas, attracting many students from West Virginia seeking diverse urban opportunities. With a substantial student population, UH maintains a very active Greek life involving numerous fraternities and sororities, along with a broad range of student organizations and athletic programs. For West Virginia families, UH represents a significant destination for higher education.

Campus & Culture Snapshot

UH is a large, dynamic urban campus with a mix of residential and commuter students. Its Greek life is diverse, recognized across various councils, and deeply integrated into campus social activities. UH’s commitment to athletics and a wide array of student groups fosters a rich, bustling environment.

Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

UH maintains a strict anti-hazing policy, explicitly prohibiting any act for initiation or affiliation that endangers physical or mental health, on or off campus. This includes forced alcohol consumption, physical mistreatment, sleep deprivation, and any degrading activities. The university provides clear reporting channels through the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct, and the University of Houston Police Department (UHPD). UH also posts a hazing statement and, in accordance with future federal guidelines, will provide publicly available information regarding hazing violations.

Example Incident & Response

In 2016, the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity chapter at UH faced severe allegations. Pledges reportedly endured sleep and food deprivation during a multi-day event, with one student suffering a lacerated spleen after being slammed onto a table during a hazing ritual. The chapter subsequently faced misdemeanor hazing charges and a lengthy university suspension. Subsequent disciplinary actions at UH have also highlighted instances where fraternities engaged in behavior “likely to produce mental or physical discomfort,” including widespread alcohol misuse and policy violations, resulting in further suspensions and probationary periods. These incidents underscore the university’s efforts to address hazing, but also the persistence of such issues despite official prohibitions.

Moreover, Attorney911 is currently representing Leonel Bermudez in a $10 million lawsuit against the University of Houston, its Board of Regents, Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters, its housing corporation, and 13 individual fraternity members. The lawsuit, filed in late 2025 by Attorneys Ralph Manginello and Lupe Peña, details severe hazing that resulted in Bermudez suffering acute kidney failure and rhabdomyolysis after practices including forced physical exertion, being sprayed with a hose “like waterboarding,” forced consumption until vomiting, and a four-day hospitalization. Bermudez’s urine was brown—a classic symptom of rhabdomyolysis—due to the extreme activities that took place at both the chapter house and Yellowstone Boulevard Park. This ongoing case highlights that severe hazing, leading to catastrophic medical outcomes, continues to be a tragic reality, even at prominent universities like UH.

How a UH Hazing Case Might Proceed

For an incident at UH, legal proceedings might involve the Houston Police Department (HPD) or the UHPD, depending on the incident’s location. Civil lawsuits would likely be filed in the courts of Harris County, potentially naming individual students, the local chapter, the national organization, property owners, and, under certain circumstances, the university itself. Attorney911’s active litigation against UH demonstrates our familiarity with the local legal landscape and courts.

What UH Students & Parents Should Do

West Virginia families with children at UH should ensure they understand the university’s anti-hazing policies and know how to report incidents. Preserve any documentation of prior complaints or known incidents involving organizations at UH. Parents should always prioritize their child’s safety and consult with attorneys experienced in Houston-based hazing cases, as they possess the local knowledge to navigate campus-specific procedures, uncover prior discipline records, and access internal university files.

Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University, located in College Station, is a venerable institution with a distinctive culture and strong traditions, drawing numerous students from West Virginia. Its Greek life is one of the largest and most active in the nation, and the university is renowned for its Corps of Cadets, a military-style organization.

Campus & Culture Snapshot

A&M’s campus culture is deeply rooted in tradition, loyalty, and a strong sense of community, epitomized by its Corps of Cadets. Greek life plays a significant role, with a large number of fraternities and sororities. The university’s emphasis on tradition, while often positive, can sometimes create an environment where hazing is disguised as “rites of passage” or “Aggie spirit.”

Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Texas A&M strictly prohibits hazing, articulating clear policies against actions that endanger mental or physical health for membership. The university emphasizes education, intervention, and enforcement, providing reporting mechanisms through the Office of Student Conduct, the Corps of Cadets leadership, and the Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD).

Example Incident & Response

Texas A&M has faced multiple allegations and incidents of hazing across its student organizations. In a significant 2021 Sigma Alpha Epsilon lawsuit, pledges alleged that they were forced to endure strenuous physical activities while industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit were poured on them, resulting in severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries. The fraternity chapter was subsequently suspended for two years by the university, and the lawsuit sought over $1 million in damages.

In an even more disturbing 2023 lawsuit against the Corps of Cadets, a cadet alleged degrading hazing rituals, including forced simulated sexual acts and being bound between beds in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. While Texas A&M stated they addressed the matter according to their regulations, this case highlighted that hazing permeates beyond Greek life into military-affiliated groups. These incidents demonstrate the persistent challenge of hazing even within highly structured and traditionally disciplined environments.

How a Texas A&M Hazing Case Might Proceed

Hazing cases at Texas A&M would involve the Texas A&M University Police Department and potentially the Bryan or College Station police, depending on the location of the incident. Civil lawsuits would typically proceed through state courts in Brazos County. Due to the university’s public status, sovereign immunity may be a factor, but exceptions for gross negligence or Title IX violations still apply. Cases often scrutinize both the specific chapter’s actions and the university’s oversight of well-established traditions, particularly within the Corps of Cadets.

What Texas A&M Students & Parents Should Do

West Virginia families sending children to Texas A&M should be particularly aware of the unique dynamics within Greek life and the Corps of Cadets. It is vital to understand the university’s reporting mechanisms and not hesitate to use them. Documenting any concerning “traditions” or social media posts showing questionable activities relevant to Brazos County can be crucial for any future investigation. Families should understand that while A&M cherishes its traditions, hazing is illegal and actionable.

The University of Texas at Austin (UT)

The University of Texas at Austin (UT) is a flagship institution in Texas, known for its academic rigor, vibrant campus, and large Greek system. Many West Virginia families send their children to UT, drawn by its prestigious programs and dynamic city environment.

Campus & Culture Snapshot

UT Austin boasts a sprawling urban campus with diverse student organizations, from social to academic, athletic, and political. Its Greek life is extensive and deeply embedded in the social scene. The university fosters a competitive environment, attracting high-achieving students from across Texas and the nation.

Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

UT Austin maintains a comprehensive anti-hazing policy that is clearly communicated to students and organizations. Crucially, UT is known for its relatively high transparency, publishing a detailed Hazing Violations directory on its website (hazing.utexas.edu). This public log lists specific organizations, dates of incidents, descriptions of conduct, and disciplinary sanctions imposed. Reporting channels include the Dean of Students, the Campus Climate Response Team, and the University of Texas Police Department (UTPD).

Example Incident & Response

UT’s hazing violations log reveals a consistent pattern of incidents, even among well-known organizations. For instance, Pi Kappa Alpha was cited in 2023 after new members were directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics—acts deemed hazing—resulting in probation and mandatory hazing-prevention education. Other student groups, including the traditional Texas Wranglers and various spirit organizations, have faced sanctions for forced workouts, alcohol-related hazing, degradation, and other punishment-based practices. While UT’s transparency is commendable, the recurrence of violations underscores the ongoing challenge of eradicating hazing. These publicly available records are invaluable for families and legal teams to demonstrate patterns of misconduct.

How a UT Austin Hazing Case Might Proceed

Incidents at UT Austin would involve the UTPD or the Austin Police Department, and civil cases would be pursued in Travis County courts. UT’s public hazing violations log can be a powerful tool for plaintiffs, providing a clear record of prior misconduct that can establish institutional knowledge and foreseeability in civil lawsuits. This transparency allows legal teams to build stronger cases by demonstrating a pattern of neglect or insufficient intervention.

What UT Austin Students & Parents Should Do

West Virginia families connected to UT Austin should familiarize themselves with the university’s publicized hazing record. Understanding which organizations have repeatedly violated policies is essential. Utilize UT’s official reporting channels, and document everything, particularly referencing any prior incidents listed on the university’s public log. Early legal consultation is advised to leverage this information effectively and navigate the nuanced legal landscape of Austin.

Southern Methodist University (SMU)

Southern Methodist University (SMU) is a private, prestigious university in Dallas, Texas, known for its beautiful campus and robust Greek life. Though located further from West Virginia, SMU often attracts students seeking its unique academic and social environment.

Campus & Culture Snapshot

SMU is characterized by a strong emphasis on tradition, community, and social engagement. Greek life is extremely popular and influential, playing a central role in campus social events and networking. The university fosters a competitive academic environment alongside a vibrant and active student body.

Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

SMU has clear anti-hazing policies that prohibit any activity that subjects an individual to mental or physical harassment, abuse, or ridicule as a condition of membership. As a private institution, SMU manages its own internal conduct processes, though hazing incidents can still involve the SMU Police Department or Dallas Police Department if criminal acts occur. Reporting channels include the Office of Student Conduct and various anonymous reporting mechanisms like “Real Response.”

Example Incident & Response

SMU has had its share of hazing incidents, often highlighting the tension between tradition and safety. In 2017, the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity at SMU was suspended after reports of severe hazing. New members were allegedly subjected to paddling, forced alcohol consumption, and significant sleep deprivation. The chapter faced substantial sanctions, including a suspension that impacted its ability to recruit for several years. While SMU promotes hazing prevention, these incidents demonstrate the persistent challenges in upholding those policies. As a private institution, the public dissemination of SMU’s disciplinary actions may not be as extensive as that of public universities, making thorough investigation of such records by legal counsel all the more crucial.

How an SMU Hazing Case Might Proceed

Hazing cases at SMU would involve the SMU Police Department or the Dallas Police Department, and civil actions would proceed through Dallas County courts. As a private university, SMU typically has less protection from sovereign immunity claims compared to public institutions. This means that direct litigation against the university and its associated entities may be more straightforward. Civil cases against SMU, its fraternities, and individuals could seek to uncover internal disciplinary records and communications that might not be publicly available.

What SMU Students & Parents Should Do

West Virginia families considering or attending SMU should be aware of the prominent role Greek life plays and the associated risks. Actively inquire about the hazing history of specific organizations and utilize SMU’s confidential reporting platforms if concerns arise. Consulting with a Dallas-based hazing attorney can help uncover past incidents, navigate internal university processes, and ensure that any potential civil claims are protected regardless of the institution’s private status.

Baylor University

Baylor University, a private Baptist university located in Waco, Texas, is another institution that attracts students from West Virginia. Its strong religious affiliation and academic programs, along with its extensive Greek life and athletic excellence, shape a distinct campus experience.

Campus & Culture Snapshot

Baylor’s culture is deeply influenced by its Christian mission, fostering a close-knit community but also a strong sense of tradition in its Greek organizations and beloved sports teams. The university has a significant Greek presence and high-profile NCAA Division I athletic programs, particularly in football and basketball.

Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Baylor has a zero-tolerance policy for hazing, emphasizing its commitment to student safety and adherence to Christian principles. Its policies explicitly prohibit any actions that cause physical or psychological harm for initiation or affiliation. Reporting mechanisms are centralized through the Office of Student Conduct and the Baylor University Police Department. The university’s official anti-hazing stance is heavily influenced by its core values.

Example Incident & Response

Baylor University has unfortunately faced significant scrutiny regarding student safety and institutional oversight, most notably from sexual assault scandals involving its football program. While not directly hazing, this history underscores the complexities of accountability at Baylor. In terms of hazing, the Baylor baseball program came under fire in 2020 when 14 players were suspended following a university investigation into hazing allegations. The university confirmed hazing had occurred, leading to disciplinary actions among the team members, including suspensions that impacted their playing season.

These incidents highlight a recurring challenge where athletic programs, despite clear policies, may harbor hazing traditions. Baylor’s response to these allegations, against the backdrop of its broader institutional accountability issues, is closely watched.

How a Baylor Hazing Case Might Proceed

Hazing cases at Baylor would involve the Baylor University Police Department or the Waco Police Department, and legal proceedings would occur in McLennan County courts. As a private university, Baylor does not benefit from sovereign immunity, making it a direct potential defendant in civil lawsuits. Legal strategies often focus on the university’s knowledge of prior misconduct, its enforcement of existing policies (especially in light of previous Title IX investigations), and its responsibility to protect students within both Greek and athletic organizations.

What Baylor Students & Parents Should Do

West Virginia families interested in or attending Baylor should thoroughly investigate not only individual organizations but also the university’s broader history of addressing misconduct. Utilize Baylor’s reporting systems if hazing is suspected. Given Baylor’s past challenges with institutional oversight in other areas, rigorous documentation of any hazing incidents, coupled with immediate consultation with an experienced hazing attorney, is paramount to ensure accountability and protect student rights.

Complete West Virginia University Directory

Attorney911 tracks every higher education institution across the country. West Virginia families often consider a wide range of colleges and universities. For your reference, here is every four-year degree-granting higher education institution in West Virginia:

• Alderson Broaddus University | Philippi, Barbour County | Private Non-Profit
• American Public University System | Charles Town, Jefferson County | Private For-Profit
• Appalachian Bible College | Mount Hope, Raleigh County | Private Non-Profit
• Bethany College | Bethany, Brooke County | Private Non-Profit
• Bluefield State University | Bluefield, Mercer County | Public University
• Catholic Distance University | Charles Town, Jefferson County | Private Non-Profit
• Concord University | Athens, Mercer County | Public University
• Davis & Elkins College | Elkins, Randolph County | Private Non-Profit
• Fairmont State University | Fairmont, Marion County | Public University
• Ferrum College; Ferrum, Virginia | Ferrum, Franklin County, Virginia | Private Non-Profit
• Future Generations University | Franklin, Pendleton County | Private Non-Profit
• Glenville State University | Glenville, Gilmer County | Public University
• Marshall University | Huntington, Cabell County | Public University
• Potomac State College of West Virginia University | Keyser, Mineral County | Public University
• Radford University | Radford, Radford City, Virginia | Public University
• Salem University | Salem, Harrison County | Private For-Profit
• Strayer University-West Virginia | Scott Depot, Putnam County | Private For-Profit
• University of Charleston | Charleston, Kanawha County | Private Non-Profit
• West Liberty University | West Liberty, Ohio County | Public University
• West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine | Lewisburg, Greenbrier County | Public University
• West Virginia State University | Institute, Kanawha County | Public University
• West Virginia University | Morgantown, Monongalia County | Public University
• West Virginia University at Parkersburg | Parkersburg, Wood County | Public University
• West Virginia University Institute of Technology | Beckley, Raleigh County | Public University
• West Virginia Wesleyan College | Buckhannon, Upshur County | Private Non-Profit
• Wheeling University | Wheeling, Ohio County | Private Non-Profit

Greek Organizations: West Virginia and National Histories

For families in West Virginia, it is vital to understand that fraternities and sororities with local chapters at West Virginia institutions or at Texas universities often have a history that extends far beyond the state’s borders. These national organizations, which govern local chapters, have faced varying degrees of scrutiny and legal action regarding hazing incidents across the United States. While we are not alleging that any specific West Virginia chapter has engaged in hazing, or that any specific chapter below is currently hazing, it is critical for parents and students to be aware of the national context and the patterns of behavior that have led to significant legal consequences and devastating tragedies elsewhere.

Why National Histories Matter

Many fraternities and sororities present at universities where West Virginia students enroll are part of national or international organizations. These national headquarters often:

• Develop and disseminate extensive anti-hazing policies and risk management manuals. They do so not just as a formality, but often because they have confronted serious injuries, deaths, and multi-million dollar lawsuits in past incidents at other chapters.
• Are aware of common hazing patterns, including forced drinking nights, “paddling” rituals, degrading challenges, and psychological torment, which have recurred across various chapters over the years.

When a local chapter in West Virginia or Texas repeats hazing “scripts” that have led to harm at other chapters nationwide, this establishes foreseeability and can significantly strengthen arguments for negligence or gross negligence against both the local chapter and the national organization in civil litigation. It becomes harder for national organizations to claim ignorance or that an incident was “unforeseeable” if similar patterns have occurred within their system multiple times.

Tier 1 – Local Entities in West Virginia

Here are some of the IRS-registered Greek organizations with addresses in West Virginia. We provide relevant details and discuss any national context where appropriate. We are NOT alleging that these specific West Virginia chapters have engaged in hazing activities. However, parents should research any organization their child considers joining.

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC (BETHANY)

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC is registered with the IRS as a student fraternity (NTEE Code B83) in Bethany, WV (EIN: 81-2998763). Sigma Alpha Mu is a national fraternity with chapters across the United States. Nationally, Alpha Sigma Phi has been involved in several incidents related to hazing, including alcohol-related deaths and serious injuries at various universities. These incidents have drawn significant attention to the national fraternity’s oversight and risk management policies. This specific Bethany chapter, like all Greek organizations, is bound by university and national anti-hazing policies. Parents and students should always review the track record of any chapter they consider joining and verify that all activities align with safety standards and personal values.

BETA GAMMA PROPERTY ASSOCIATION INC (BETHANY)

BETA GAMMA PROPERTY ASSOCIATION INC is an IRS-registered Greek organization associated with a student fraternity (NTEE Code B83) in Bethany, WV (EIN: 93-2069259). This entity likely serves as a housing corporation or alumni association for a chapter at Bethany College. Such property associations play a role in managing chapter facilities and upholding organizational standards. As with all Greek organizations, it’s important for prospective members and their families to understand how local chapters operate and align with the core values and safety protocols of their national affiliations. While Bethany College has its own policies, the behavior of student groups can also be influenced by national organizational standards and historical patterns.

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC (BUCKHANNON)

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC is a national fraternity with an IRS-registered chapter in Buckhannon, WV (EIN: 81-1638695). Nationally, Alpha Sigma Phi has faced challenges related to hazing incidents at various universities, including cases that highlight issues with alcohol consumption and physical activities during pledging processes. These previous incidents underscore the national organization’s ongoing efforts to enforce its anti-hazing policies across all chapters. Students and parents associated with this chapter at West Virginia Wesleyan College should be aware of the national fraternity’s history and ensure that local chapter activities prioritize safety and adhere to anti-hazing regulations.

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC (ELKINS)

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC has an IRS-registered chapter located in Elkins, WV (EIN: 47-3779527). The national Alpha Sigma Phi fraternity has a documented history of hazing incidents at different campuses across the country, some involving pledges that resulted in serious injury due to coerced alcohol consumption or strenuous physical activities. While we are NOT alleging that this specific local chapter has engaged in such behavior, the national context demonstrates the critical importance of vigilant oversight. Students considering this chapter, likely at Davis & Elkins College, and their families should thoroughly investigate local chapter practices to ensure alignment with university and national anti-hazing rules.

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC (HUNTINGTON)

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC is a national fraternity with an IRS-registered chapter in Huntington, WV (EIN: 47-4075020). Nationally, Alpha Sigma Phi has been associated with incidents of hazing, including instances of physical and alcohol-related abuse at its chapters elsewhere. This national pattern can become relevant in legal claims by demonstrating a known risk within the organization’s system. Families in Huntington with ties to Marshall University should research local chapter practices diligently, ensuring they comply with both university regulations and the national organization’s stated anti-hazing policies, and prioritize the safety and well-being of all members.

SIGMA TAU GAMMA FRATERNITY (HUNTINGTON)

SIGMA TAU GAMMA FRATERNITY has an IRS-registered chapter in Huntington, WV (EIN: 33-1152565). The national Sigma Tau Gamma fraternity has a history of hazing allegations and disciplinary actions across various campuses, involving activities that led to physical and psychological distress. While we are NOT alleging current hazing at this particular Huntington chapter, the national organization’s past incidents highlight the recurring challenges in maintaining an abuse-free environment. Families and students at Marshall University should be aware of the national context and ensure local chapter practices align with rigorous anti-hazing standards and university guidelines.

LAMBDA CHI ALPHA FRATERNITY INC (MARTINSBURG)

LAMBDA CHI ALPHA FRATERNITY INC is a national fraternity with an IRS-registered chapter in Martinsburg, WV (EIN: 31-1077734). Nationally, Lambda Chi Alpha has faced multiple hazing incidents, including a significant case in 1995 at the University of Iowa where a pledge died of alcohol poisoning, leading to charges against fraternity members. Another tragic incident occurred in 2012 at the University of Idaho, where a pledge drowned while swimming with fraternity members after an event. While we are NOT alleging that this Martinsburg chapter has engaged in any misconduct, these national events underscore potential risks associated with pledging processes within the broader organization. Families should investigate local chapter practices carefully, particularly those from Martinsburg associated with Shepherd University, to ensure safety and strict adherence to anti-hazing policies.

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC (MORGANTOWN)

ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC is a national fraternity with an IRS-registered chapter in Morgantown, WV (EIN: 47-4075518). Nationally, Alpha Sigma Phi has been implicated in hazing incidents at various universities, including cases involving dangerous alcohol consumption and physical activities during initiation rituals. For example, a 2014 incident at Texas Tech saw a pledge die from alcohol poisoning during pledgeship. While we are NOT alleging this Morgantown chapter at West Virginia University is involved in such activities, the national organization’s history serves as a critical warning. Families and students should ensure that local chapters strictly adhere to university policies and national anti-hazing guidelines.

BETA ETA CHAPTER OF ALPHA OMEGA EPSILON (MORGANTOWN)

BETA ETA CHAPTER OF ALPHA OMEGA EPSILON is an IRS-registered Greek organization for women in Morgantown, WV (EIN: 45-3621189). Alpha Omega Epsilon (A.O.E.) is a national professional and social sorority for women in engineering and technical sciences. While professional sororities generally have a lower incidence of severe hazing compared to social fraternities, all Greek organizations are susceptible to hazing. Nationally, A.O.E. emphasizes professional development and leadership. Families and students associated with West Virginia University should ensure that this chapter’s activities, while focusing on professional growth, also strictly adhere to all anti-hazing policies from the university and the national organization.

THETA XI FRATERNITY (SHEPHERDSTOWN)

THETA XI FRATERNITY maintains an IRS-registered chapter in Shepherdstown, WV (EIN: 23-7240986). Nationally, Theta Xi has faced allegations of hazing, including incidents involving alcohol misuse and various forms of physical and psychological abuse at other campuses. While we are NOT alleging that this specific local chapter has engaged in hazing, the national organization’s broader context is important for West Virginia families to consider. Families and students at Shepherd University should thoroughly investigate this chapter’s practices to ensure adherence to university policies and promote a safe environment free from hazing.

Complete West Virginia Greek Organization Directory

Attorney911 tracks every IRS-registered fraternity and sorority across the country. For your reference, here is a complete directory of Greek organizations in West Virginia with an IRS registration (NTEE Code B83):

• ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 81-2998763 | Bethany, WV
• BETA GAMMA PROPERTY ASSOCIATION INC | EIN: 93-2069259 | Bethany, WV
• ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 81-1638695 | Buckhannon, WV
• ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 47-3779527 | Elkins, WV
• ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 47-4075020 | Huntington, WV
• SIGMA TAU GAMMA FRATERNITY | EIN: 33-1152565 | Huntington, WV
• LAMBDA CHI ALPHA FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 31-1077734 | Martinsburg, WV
• ALPHA SIGMA PHI FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 47-4075518 | Morgantown, WV
• BETA ETA CHAPTER OF ALPHA OMEGA EPSILON | EIN: 45-3621189 | Morgantown, WV
• THETA XI FRATERNITY | EIN: 23-7240986 | Shepherdstown, WV

Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

When hazing leaves a family from West Virginia with physical injuries, psychological trauma, or the profound loss of a loved one, building a strong legal case is paramount. This isn’t just about seeking justice; it’s about holding accountable institutions and individuals who failed to protect vulnerable students. Attorney911 approaches these cases with meticulous investigation and a comprehensive understanding of the legal landscape.

Evidence

In the digital age, evidence in hazing cases is more abundant but also more fleeting than ever. We leverage every available resource to paint a complete picture of what happened.

• Digital Communications: This is often the most critical category of evidence in modern hazing cases. Group chat messages, direct messages (DMs), and other digital communications are the “smoking gun.” We meticulously collect:

  • GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, SMS: These apps are frequently used for planning events, issuing instructions, and communicating during hazing. Screenshots, and where possible, direct data extraction from devices or cloud backups, provide invaluable timestamps, participant identities, and content.
  • Snapchat, Instagram DMs, TikTok, Discord: Messages and content from these platforms reveal peer pressure, humiliation, and documentation of forbidden activities. Even disappearing messages, if quickly screenshotted or recorded, can be preserved.
  • Screen recordings: These capture dynamic interactions, such as scrolling through a long chat history or viewing stories before they vanish.
  • Attorney911’s video on using your phone to document evidence (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) explains best practices for preserving screenshots and photos.

• Photos & Videos: These can be compelling and undeniable. We seek out:

  • Content filmed by members: Many hazing incidents are recorded by participants, either for “fun” or as evidence of compliance. These videos, even if later deleted, are critical.
  • Surveillance Footage: Security cameras at chapter houses, university buildings, or nearby businesses can capture arrivals, departures, or incidents. We work quickly to secure such footage before it is routinely overwritten.
  • Medical Images: Photos of injuries (bruises, burns, swelling) taken immediately after an incident and over time to show progression.

• Internal Organization Documents: These documents can reveal a pattern of behavior and a disregard for stated policies:

  • Pledge manuals and initiation scripts: These may explicitly detail activities that violate anti-hazing policies.
  • Emails and texts from officers: Communications about “new member education,” “traditions,” or plans for events can expose coercive intent.
  • National policies and training materials: Comparing these against a chapter’s actual conduct can demonstrate a severe gap in enforcement.

• University Records: Through formal discovery requests (or public records requests for public universities), we obtain:

  • Prior conduct files: Records of past hazing violations, disciplinary actions, probations, or suspensions for the same organization can establish a pattern of misconduct and institutional knowledge.
  • Incident reports: Documentation from campus police, student conduct offices, or resident advisors.
  • Clery Act reports: Annual safety statistics and related documentation can highlight recurring issues.
  • University emails and communications: Internal discussions among administrators about the organization can reveal awareness of problems.

• Medical and Psychological Records: These records are crucial for documenting the extent of the harm:

  • Emergency room and hospitalization records: Detailing diagnosis, treatment, and immediate aftermath of an injury or alcohol/substance poisoning.
  • Specialist reports: From surgeons, physical therapists, neurologists, or other specialists involved in recovery.
  • Toxicology reports: To confirm presence and levels of alcohol or drugs.
  • Psychological evaluations: Diagnoses of PTSD, depression, anxiety, or other mental health impacts, demonstrating emotional trauma.

• Witness Testimony: Eyewitness accounts are vital. We identify and interview:

  • Other pledges and members: While often reluctant, their testimony can corroborate claims.
  • Roommates, friends, RAs: Individuals who observed changes in behavior or overheard conversations.
  • Former members: Students who left the organization or were expelled may have critical insights.

Damages

The purpose of a civil lawsuit isn’t merely punishment; it’s to provide comprehensive compensation to victims and their families for the extensive harm caused by hazing. In West Virginia, as in Texas, various types of damages can be sought.

• Medical Bills & Future Care: This covers all costs associated with physical and mental health recovery:

  • Immediate care: Ambulance rides, emergency room visits, ICU stays, surgeries.
  • Ongoing treatment: Physical therapy, occupational therapy, rehabilitation, prescription medications.
  • Long-term care: For catastrophic injuries like brain damage or organ failure, this can include assistive care, specialized equipment, and home modifications, often guided by detailed “life care plans.”

• Lost Earnings / Educational Impact: Hazing can derail a student’s academic and professional future:

  • Lost tuition and fees: For semesters missed due to injury, trauma, or withdrawal from school.
  • Lost scholarships: If hazing participation or its aftermath leads to academic decline or withdrawal.
  • Delayed graduation: Which can translate to delayed entry into the workforce and lost earning potential.
  • Reduced earning capacity: If permanent injuries (physical or psychological) impact the student’s ability to work or chosen career path.

• Non-Economic Damages: These compensate for intangible, yet profound, suffering:

  • Physical pain and suffering: From injuries, recovery, and ongoing health issues.
  • Emotional distress and trauma: Including severe anxiety, depression, PTSD, humiliation, loss of dignity, and fear.
  • Loss of enjoyment of life: Inability to participate in hobbies, sports, social activities, or to fully experience their college years.

• Wrongful Death Damages (for families): In the tragic event of a hazing death, families from West Virginia can pursue damages for:

  • Funeral and burial costs.
  • Lost financial contributions: If the deceased would have financially supported family members in the future.
  • Loss of companionship, love, and support: The immeasurable value of the relationship lost to parents, siblings, or children.
  • Grief and mental suffering: Of the surviving family members due to the traumatic loss.

Strategy

Attorney911’s strategic approach to hazing litigation involves anticipating and overcoming common defenses. Lupe Peña’s background as a former insurance defense attorney (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/) is crucial for navigating fraternity and university insurance coverage disputes, as she understands their tactics firsthand. Our firm counters defenses with:

• Invalid Consent: We argue that consent is meaningless when coercion and power imbalance are present, which is typical in hazing.
• Pattern of Misconduct: Through extensive discovery, we expose national hazing histories and past incidents at local chapters, proving foreseeability and organizational liability.
• Off-Campus Liability: We show that even off-campus incidents still fall under the responsibility of the university or national organization if their policies and oversight were inadequate.
• Negligent Supervision: We demonstrate that policies are useless without proper enforcement and expose systemic failures in supervision.
• Foreseeable Harm: We compile evidence of known hazing dangers within the organization or at the institution, making it impossible for defendants to claim ignorance.
• Avoiding Sovereign Immunity: For public institutions, we focus on exceptions such as gross negligence, Title IX violations, or individual liability of employees.
  Ultimately, our strategy is about thorough preparation, aggressive litigation, and a commitment to justice, no matter how powerful the opponents.

Practical Guides & FAQs

When hazing impacts a family, whether in West Virginia or elsewhere, knowing what to do, what to say, and how to protect your rights is critical. This section provides direct, actionable advice for parents, students, and witnesses, empowering them with the information they need during a very difficult time.

For Parents

Parents in West Virginia play a crucial role in recognizing and addressing hazing. Your vigilance and informed intervention can make all the difference.

• Warning Signs of Hazing: Be observant for red flags that your child might be experiencing hazing:

  • Unexplained injuries or frequent “accidents” with vague explanations.
  • Extreme fatigue or sleep deprivation, far beyond normal academic demands.
  • Drastic changes in mood, increased anxiety, irritability, withdrawal from usual activities, or sudden secrecy about organizational activities (“I can’t talk about it”).
  • Obsessive phone use or anxiety when their phone receives notifications from group chats, indicating constant demands.
  • Academic decline, missing classes, or neglecting studies due to mandatory activities.
  • Defensiveness when asked about their organization or a strong emphasis on “loyalty” and “tradition.”

• How to Talk to Your Child: Approach the conversation with empathy and without judgment.

  • Ask open-ended questions like, “How are things really going with [organization name]? Is it what you expected?”
  • Reassure them that their safety and well-being are your top priorities, and you will support them regardless of their choices. You do not care about their membership if it comes at the cost of their physical or mental health.
  • Emphasize that they have a right to feel safe and respected.

• If Your Child is Hurt: Prioritize their health and safety immediately.

  • Seek medical attention for any injuries, no matter how minor. Ensure medical providers document how the injury occurred.
  • Document everything: Take photos of injuries from multiple angles and at different stages (bruises may darken over days). Photograph any relevant texts or social media posts. Write down everything your child tells you, including dates, times, people involved, and locations.
  • Save any physical evidence, such as damaged clothing or objects.

• Dealing with the University: If you decide to involve the university, document every step.

  • Keep a written record of all communications with administrators, including names, titles, dates, and summaries of conversations.
  • Ask specific questions about prior hazing incidents involving the same organization and the university’s response.
  • Be aware that universities may prioritize protecting their institution; early legal counsel can balance this with your child’s needs.

• When to Talk to a Lawyer: Don’t hesitate to seek legal advice if hazing has occurred.

  • If your child has suffered significant physical or psychological harm.
  • If you feel the university or organization is minimizing the incident or attempting to cover it up.
  • An initial consultation with an attorney can clarify your rights and options.

48-Hour Action Checklist for Parents

HOUR 1–6 (IMMEDIATE CRISIS):

✅ Medical: If injured or intoxicated, get to ER immediately
✅ Safety: Remove child from dangerous situation
✅ Evidence: Screenshot any messages they show you; photograph visible injuries
✅ Notes: Write down everything they tell you (date, time, what happened, who was there)
✅ Call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate legal guidance

HOUR 6–24 (EVIDENCE PRESERVATION):

✅ Digital: Help child preserve all group chats, DMs, texts (do NOT delete anything)
✅ Physical: Secure clothing, receipts, objects used in hazing
✅ Medical records: Request copies of all ER/hospital records
✅ Witnesses: Write down names and contact info for other pledges, bystanders
✅ University: Note any communications from school (emails, calls, meetings) but do NOT respond yet

HOUR 24–48 (STRATEGIC DECISIONS):

✅ Legal consultation: Speak with experienced hazing attorney (Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911)
✅ Reporting decision: Decide whether to report to campus police, local police, Dean of Students (with lawyer’s guidance)
✅ University response: If school contacts you, refer them to your attorney
✅ Insurance: Do NOT talk to any insurance adjuster without lawyer present
✅ Evidence backup: Upload all screenshots and photos to cloud storage or email to yourself

WEEK ONE PRIORITIES:

✅ Medical follow-up: Continue documenting injuries; see specialists if needed; get psych evaluation if trauma present
✅ Evidence gathering: Attorney will begin subpoenaing records, obtaining deleted messages via forensics
✅ Witness interviews: Attorney will contact other pledges and witnesses
✅ Strategy session: Decide on criminal report, civil suit, both, or internal university process
✅ Protection: If retaliation occurs, document and report immediately

For Students / Pledges

If you are a student from West Virginia involved in an organization at a Texas university, your safety and well-being are paramount. You have rights, and help is available.

• Is This Hazing or Just Tradition? Ask yourself:

  • Am I feeling unsafe, humiliated, or coerced?
  • Am I being forced to drink or endure physical pain?
  • Is this activity hidden from the public or university officials?
  • Am I being told to keep secrets or lie about what’s happening?
    If you answer yes to any of these, it is likely hazing, regardless of how it’s labeled. Texas law views “consent” under such duress as invalid.

• Why “Consent” Isn’t the End of the Story: The desire to belong is powerful. Organizations that exploit this by requiring dangerous or degrading acts are breaking the law. Even if you “agreed” to participate, the law recognizes the immense peer pressure and power imbalance involved. Do not let anyone tell you that your agreement makes it okay or absolves them of responsibility.

• Exiting and Reporting Safely: You have the legal right to leave any organization at any time, even mid-pledgeship.

  • If you feel unsafe, call 911 immediately. In Texas, you cannot be punished for seeking help in an emergency for yourself or a friend (good-faith reporter immunity).
  • Confide in a trusted adult outside the organization—a parent, a Resident Advisor, or a close friend—before you act.
  • To formally withdraw, send a simple email or text to the new member educator or chapter president stating your resignation. There is no need for a “last meeting” where you may be pressured.

• Good-Faith Reporting and Amnesty: Many universities and state laws, including those in Texas, have policies that protect students who report hazing or seek medical help in an emergency, even if they were consuming alcohol underage or were engaged in prohibited activities. These “amnesty” policies are designed to encourage help-seeking behavior without fear of personal penalty.

For Former Members / Witnesses

If you were once part of a hazing organization or witnessed hazing, your voice can be crucial for accountability and prevention.

• Your Experience Matters: Your testimony and any evidence you possess can prevent future harm and save lives. While cooperating can be intimidating, it is a vital step toward a safer campus environment.
• Seek Legal Advice: If you are approached by investigators or fear your own past involvement could lead to legal trouble, it is wise to consult with an attorney. They can advise you on your rights, potential risks, and the best way to cooperate while protecting yourself. Attorney911’s criminal defense experience (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/) means we can advise on both criminal exposure and civil liability for witnesses and former members.
• Protecting Your Identity: You may be able to provide information anonymously through various campus channels or the National Anti-Hazing Hotline (1-888-NOT-HAZE). A lawyer can also discuss options for protecting your identity in legal proceedings where possible.

Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

For West Virginia families who have suffered due to hazing, certain missteps can severely jeopardize a legal claim. Avoid these common mistakes:

1. Letting your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence:

   • Why it’s wrong: Digital evidence is paramount. Deleting messages can be seen as a cover-up, hindering an investigation and damaging credibility.
   • What to do instead: Preserve everything immediately. Screenshot all group chats, texts, and social media posts, even if embarrassing.

2. Confronting the fraternity/sorority directly:

   • Why it’s wrong: Direct confrontation will alert the organization, leading them to destroy evidence, coach witnesses, and prepare defenses.
   • What to do instead: Document everything discreetly, then contact a lawyer before any direct interaction.

3. Signing university “release” or “resolution” forms:

   • Why it’s wrong: These forms often waive your right to pursue further legal action in exchange for a minimal or internal resolution, which is usually far below the true value of your claim.
   • What to do instead: Never sign anything from the university or an insurance company without a thorough review by your attorney.

4. Posting details on social media before talking to a lawyer:

   • Why it’s wrong: Public posts can be used by defense attorneys to scrutinize credibility, identify inconsistencies, or claim you waived your privacy.
   • What to do instead: Keep details private and seek legal counsel. Let your lawyer guide any public messaging strategy.

5. Letting your child go back to a “one last meeting”:

   • Why it’s wrong: These meetings are often designed to pressure, intimidate, or extract statements that can be used against your child.
   • What to do instead: All communication with the organization should cease and be directed through legal counsel once you are considering action.

6. Waiting “to see how the university handles it”:

   • Why it’s wrong: University investigations are often internal, slow, and may prioritize institutional reputation over individual justice. Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, and the statute of limitations can run out.
   • What to do instead: Act immediately to preserve evidence and consult with a lawyer, even while the university process unfolds.

7. Talking to insurance adjusters without a lawyer:

   • Why it’s wrong: Adjusters are trained to minimize payouts. Your recorded statements can be used against you, and early settlement offers are typically lowball.
   • What to do instead: Politely decline to speak with adjusters and refer them to your attorney.

These mistakes often stem from a lack of awareness or emotional distress. Watch Attorney911’s video on client mistakes that can ruin your injury case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY) for more insights on what to avoid.

Short FAQ

• “Can I sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
  Yes, under certain circumstances. Public universities (like UH, Texas A&M, UT) have some sovereign immunity protections, but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and when suing individuals in their personal capacity. Private universities (like SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. Every case depends on specific facts—contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.

• “Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
  It can be. Texas law classifies hazing as a Class B misdemeanor by default, but it becomes a state jail felony if the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death. Individual officers can also face misdemeanor charges for failing to report hazing.

• “Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”
  Yes. Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. Courts recognize that “consent” given under peer pressure, power imbalance, and fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent.

• “How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit?”
  Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas, but the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. In cases involving active cover-ups or fraud, the statute may be tolled (paused). Time is critical—evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, and organizations destroy records. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately. Learn more about Texas statute of limitations in our video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c.

• “What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house?”
  Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and national fraternities can still be held liable based on sponsorship, control, knowledge, and foreseeability. Many major hazing cases (like the Pi Delta Psi retreat case for Michael Deng) occurred off-campus and still resulted in serious legal consequences.

• “Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”
  Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. You can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. We prioritize your family’s privacy while pursuing accountability.

About The Manginello Law Firm + Call to Action

When your family in West Virginia faces a hazing case that occurred at a Texas campus or beyond, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need dedicated attorneys who truly understand the complex dynamics of institutional liability and how powerful organizations fight back—and how to overcome them. The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, the Legal Emergency Lawyers™, is uniquely equipped to handle these critical cases.

Our firm brings an unparalleled set of qualifications to hazing litigation:

• Insurance Insider Advantage: Our Associate Attorney, Lupe Peña, served as a former insurance defense attorney at a national firm. This invaluable experience means we know the exact strategies national fraternities, sororities, and universities’ insurance providers use to minimize or deny claims. We understand their playbooks, their delay tactics, their coverage exclusion arguments, and their settlement calculations because we used to be on their side. This insight is a crucial advantage for your family.
• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions: Founding Partner Ralph Manginello possesses extensive experience in complex, high-stakes litigation, including his involvement in the BP Texas City explosion litigation. This background demonstrates our capability and willingness to take on billion-dollar corporations and powerful institutional defendants without intimidation. We are admitted to federal court (U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas) and have a proven track record of securing multi-million dollar results in wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases.
• Dual Civil and Criminal Expertise: Ralph’s membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) underscores our understanding of how criminal hazing charges interact with civil litigation. This dual perspective is essential in hazing cases, where victims and witnesses may face both criminal exposure and civil recourse.
• Meticulous Investigation and Evidence Mastery: We understand that the strength of a hazing case often hinges on digital evidence. From obtaining deleted group chats and social media posts to meticulously reviewing university files and national organization records, we employ digital forensics experts, medical professionals, and psychologists to build an undeniable case. We investigate with the thoroughness your child’s future deserves.

For families in West Virginia, we may be based in Houston, and while you may not be in West Virginia at the moment, if your child experienced hazing at any Texas campus—such as the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, Southern Methodist University, or Baylor—we want to hear from you. Attorney911 serves families across Greater Houston, Harris County, and throughout Texas. We understand that hazing at Texas universities can profoundly affect families in West Virginia and across the broader region.

Our commitment goes beyond legal strategy; we offer empathetic and compassionate advocacy. We know this is one of the hardest things a family can face. Our goal is to secure answers, hold responsible parties accountable, and help prevent future harm to other students. We build cases that force genuine accountability, ensuring meaningful consequences for those who perpetuate harm.

Call to Action

If you or your child experienced hazing at any Texas campus, or if you are a West Virginia family dealing with the aftermath of hazing, you don’t have to face this alone. We want to hear from you. Families in West Virginia and throughout the surrounding region have the right to answers and accountability.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We’ll listen to what happened without judgment, explain your legal options, and help you decide on the best path forward.

What to Expect in Your Free Consultation:

• We will listen to your story empathetically.
• We’ll review any evidence you may have.
• We will explain your legal options, whether that involves a criminal report, a civil lawsuit, both, or neither.
• We’ll discuss realistic timelines and potential outcomes.
• We will answer all your questions, including how our contingency fee works—meaning we don’t get paid unless we win your case (watch our video explaining contingency fees: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc).
• There is no pressure to hire us on the spot; we want you to make an informed decision within your family’s needs. Everything you tell us is confidential.

Whether you’re in West Virginia or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you deserve powerful legal advocates. Call us today.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070
Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com

Spanish-Language Services:
Hablamos Español – Contact Lupe Peña at lupe@atty911.com for a confidential consultation in Spanish. Servicios legales en español disponibles.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com