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City of Norfolk Fraternity Hazing Attorneys | $24M Pike Settlements | Attorney911 — Pi Kappa Phi Shut Down | Federal Court | Former Insurance Defense | 1-888-ATTY-911

City of Norfolk, Earth, North America, United States, Virginia

If you’re reading this, your family may be facing one of the most terrifying moments of your life. Your child was supposed to make friends at college, to explore new ideas, and build a future. Instead, they were tortured. They were abused. They were hazed. We’re here to help families in City of Norfolk fight back.

We are Attorney911, and while our home is in Houston, Texas, our reach extends across the nation, defending victims and families from the horrors of hazing. We know the unique concerns that families in City of Norfolk might have, from where their children attend universities to the specific challenges of seeking justice against powerful institutions. We understand that finding an attorney who truly comprehends the depth of this trauma, and the legal complexities involved, can feel overwhelming. We are here to tell you that you are not alone, and aggressive, experienced help is available, no matter where you are in City of Norfolk.

We believe that hazing is not merely a rite of passage, but a profound betrayal of trust and an act of violence. Every year, countless students across America, including those from City of Norfolk attending nearby universities, face brutal and dehumanizing rituals that leave them with lasting physical and psychological scars, and sometimes, even lead to death. The stories are heartbreakingly similar: promising young lives shattered, families devastated, and institutions that promised protection either turning a blind eye or actively covering up the abuse.

But there is hope. We are not just talking about hazing; we are actively fighting it. We are currently locked in a fierce $10 million legal battle against a national fraternity and a major university, holding them accountable for the horrific hazing rituals that led to our client’s severe injuries. This isn’t theoretical – we are in the courtroom right now, leveraging our deep knowledge of hazing litigation, our understanding of institutional negligence, and our unwavering commitment to justice. This fight, based in Houston, is the very same fight we stand ready to bring on behalf of families and students in City of Norfolk.

The Crisis of Hazing in America: A National Epidemic Affecting City of Norfolk Families

Hazing is a pervasive, dangerous, and often deadly problem that plagues universities, colleges, and various student organizations across the United States. It transcends geographical boundaries, impacting students from every background, including those who leave City of Norfolk to attend institutions near and far. The idyllic picture of college life, filled with camaraderie and intellectual growth, is frequently overshadowed by a dark underbelly of abuse that preys on the desire to belong. Fraternities, sororities, sports teams, marching bands, and other student groups, including those active at institutions popular with City of Norfolk students, too often perpetuate cultures of cruelty veiled as “tradition.”

The numbers paint a grim picture. Studies reveal that a staggering 55% of students in Greek organizations report experiencing hazing. This isn’t limited to a niche group; 40% of student athletes also report being hazed. Since the turn of the millennium, there has been at least one hazing death every single year in the United States – a horrifying statistic that underscores the lethal potential of these rituals. Yet, despite the widespread nature of the problem, a shocking 95% of students who are hazed do not report it. This silence is often born from fear, embarrassment, peer pressure, or a misguided sense of loyalty that hazing perpetrators exploit.

This crisis is not just about individual acts of cruelty; it’s a systemic failure. Universities and national organizations are often fully aware that hazing is happening within their Greek life systems, or on their sports teams, or in their clubs. They have the power, and indeed the responsibility, to stop it. Yet, they frequently choose not to – until someone is severely injured, hospitalized, or tragically dies. Only then do they scramble to issue suspensions, dissolve chapters, or claim to be “shocked” by the incidents, all while attempting to limit their legal liability.

This institutional complacency has real-world consequences for families in City of Norfolk. When your child leaves home for college, whether it’s to a university across the state or just a few hours away, you trust that institution to protect them. You trust that national organizations, with their glossy brochures and promises of “brotherhood” or “sisterhood,” are upholding a standard of safety and respect. When that trust is betrayed, and your child is subjected to physical, emotional, or even sexual abuse under the guise of initiation, it is an unforgivable act.

Universities are not merely landlords; they are educators and guardians of young minds. They derive significant financial benefits from Greek life and student organizations, including alumni donations and student engagement. With those benefits come responsibilities – to actively monitor, intervene, and eliminate hazardous practices. When they fail in these duties, they become complicit in the harm.

National fraternities and sororities, too, are multi-million dollar corporations with expansive networks and extensive legal counsel. They draft anti-hazing policies, but often lack the will or the effective mechanisms to enforce them. When a local chapter engages in heinous acts of hazing, the national body cannot claim ignorance, especially when years of documented incidents and lawsuits against their own chapters prove a pattern of systemic failure.

The sad reality is that the problem of hazing will persist as long as those in power allow it to, and as long as victims and their families remain silent. Our mission at Attorney911 is to break that silence, to demand accountability, and to ensure that the institutions and individuals responsible for hazing face the full force of justice. We understand the local context of City of Norfolk, knowing that parents here send their children to colleges and universities with high hopes of safety and success. When hazing shatters those hopes, we are here to offer aggressive, compassionate legal representation, leveraging our resources and expertise to fight for what’s right.

The Bermudez Case: A Horrifying Warning to City of Norfolk Families

We are fighting a real hazing battle right now, one that serves as a chilling warning about the dangers your own children could face. This case, Bermudez v. Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity, Inc., et al., is a $10 million lawsuit we filed in November 2025 in Harris County Civil District Court. It’s against Pi Kappa Phi, the University of Houston, and numerous individual fraternity members. This is not a hypothetical example; this is a live, ongoing case that embodies everything we stand for: aggressive representation, data-driven litigation, and unwavering accountability for every entity responsible for hazing injuries.

This case happened in Houston, but it could just as easily happen to a student from City of Norfolk at a university near you. The same national fraternities operate chapters near City of Norfolk. The same insidious “traditions” fester in college towns where students from City of Norfolk live and study. The same institutional negligence that allowed this to happen at the University of Houston is present at institutions across the nation, including those popular with City of Norfolk students. We are fighting this fight in Houston, and we will bring the same relentless pursuit of justice to your family in City of Norfolk.

Meet Leonel Bermudez. He was a “ghost rush,” a prospective member planning to transfer to the University of Houston for Spring 2026. He wasn’t even an enrolled student yet. They did this to someone who hadn’t even officially joined their university community.

Leonel accepted a bid to join the Pi Kappa Phi fraternity on September 16, 2025. What followed was an agonizing several weeks of systematic abuse, torture, and hazing that led to him being hospitalized for three nights and four days. His diagnosis: severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure.

His story, and our ongoing fight, has garnered significant media attention:

The Defendants in this $10 million lawsuit include:

  • Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity (specifically their University of Houston Beta Nu Chapter)
  • Pi Kappa Phi National Headquarters
  • The Pi Kappa Phi Housing Corporation
  • The University of Houston
  • The UH Board of Regents
  • The Fraternity President
  • The Pledgemaster
  • Multiple current and former individual fraternity members
  • Even a former member AND his spouse, because some hazing occurred at their private residence.

This comprehensive list of defendants illustrates our firm’s absolute commitment to holding everyone responsible accountable. We do not just target the easiest defendant; we meticulously identify every individual and entity with a chain of responsibility, and we sue them all.

From our founder, Ralph Manginello, to ABC13: “When he finally made it home, he crawled up the stairs and went to bed. The next day, he was really sore and couldn’t really move. The next day was worse, and the next day, his mom rushed him to the hospital, and he had some kidney failure.”

From Attorney Lupe Pena to ABC13: “If this prevents harm to another person, that’s what we’re hoping to do. Let’s bring this to light. Enough is enough.”

This is why this case matters deeply to families in City of Norfolk:

  • Pi Kappa Phi is a national fraternity with over 150 chapters across America, including near City of Norfolk. The same “traditions” that severely injured Leonel Bermudez could very well be happening at a chapter near any college or university where City of Norfolk students enroll.
  • Universities near City of Norfolk face the exact same liability. The University of Houston owned the fraternity house where much of this hazing occurred. Institutions are often aware of hazing risks and fail to act effectively, creating a dangerous environment.
  • National organizations often turn a blind eye. The Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters immediately suspended and dissolved the UH chapter once Leonel’s hospitalization became public, proving they knew their local chapter’s conduct was wrong.
  • Victims are terrified of speaking out. Our client, Leonel Bermudez, fears retribution for coming forward. This is a common and understandable fear that victims in City of Norfolk may share. We protect our clients and ensure their voices are heard safely.
  • One brave victim can protect countless others. As Lupe Pena emphasized, this lawsuit is also about preventing future harm. Your child’s case in City of Norfolk could be the catalyst that saves another student’s life.
  • A $10 million lawsuit sends an unmistakable message. It is the price for egregious torture and institutional failure. Families in City of Norfolk can send the same powerful message that abusing students will not be tolerated.

What Happened to Leonel Bermudez: A Timeline of Torture

Leonel’s experience was not a single incident but a sustained campaign of physical and psychological abuse, detailed in our lawsuit:

  • September 16, 2025: Leonel Bermudez accepts a bid to Pi Kappa Phi. The nightmare begins.
  • Throughout the pledge period (Sept 16 – Nov 3): Leonel was constantly subjected to degrading and dangerous rituals. He was forced to carry a fanny pack containing objects of a sexual nature at all times. He endured an enforced dress code, mandatory study hours, weekly interviews with members, and was forced to drive fraternity members at all hours, leading to severe exhaustion. Threats of physical punishment and expulsion were constant.
  • October 13, 2025: Another shocking incident: another pledge was discovered hog-tied face-down on a table with an object in his mouth for over an hour. This shows a pattern of extreme degradation and abuse.
  • October 15, 2025: A harrowing precursor to Leonel’s fate: a different pledge actually lost consciousness and collapsed during a forced workout. Other pledges had to elevate his legs until he recovered. This incident should have triggered alarms and interventions, but the hazing continued unabated.
  • Multiple occasions: Leonel endured “simulated waterboarding with a garden hose,” where he was sprayed directly in the face while performing calisthenics. He was exposed to cold weather, forced to strip to his underwear, and sprayed with a hose. He was also subjected to forced eating until vomiting, consuming large amounts of milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns, only to then be forced to run sprints while in distress, and lie in his own vomit-soaked grass. Even more brutally, he was struck with wooden paddles.
  • November 3, 2025: THE BREAKING POINT. Leonel was punished for missing an event. He was forced through an extreme gauntlet of physical exertion:
    • A two-mile warmup.
    • Over 100 pushups.
    • Over 500 squats.
    • High-volume “suicides” (sprinting drills).
    • Bear crawls and wheelbarrows.
    • “Save-you-brother” drills.
    • Repeated 100-yard crawls.
    • All while being forced to recite the fraternity creed, under constant threats of expulsion.
    • He pushed his body until he could not stand without help.
  • November 4-5, 2025: Leonel’s condition rapidly deteriorated. He crawled up the stairs upon returning home, was too sore to move the next day, and felt even worse on the day after.
  • November 6, 2025: His mother rushed him to the hospital, noting he was passing brown urine – a tell-tale sign of severe muscle breakdown.
  • November 6-10, 2025: Leonel was hospitalized for 3 nights and 4 days, diagnosed with severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure.
  • November 14, 2025: Pi Kappa Phi National closed its Beta Nu Chapter, a week before our lawsuit was filed. They knew what was coming.
  • November 21, 2025: Our $10 MILLION LAWSUIT was filed in Harris County Civil District Court, making national headlines.

The Medical Nightmare: Rhabdomyolysis and Kidney Failure

Leonel Bermudez was not simply “sore” after hazing; his body was literally breaking down. Rhabdomyolysis is a life-threatening medical condition where muscle tissue breaks down, releasing damaging proteins into the bloodstream. These proteins, particularly myoglobin, can overwhelm the kidneys, leading to acute kidney failure and potentially death.

  • Brown Urine: This alarming symptom, which Leonel experienced, is a classic sign of myoglobinuria, indicating that myoglobin from his damaged muscles was being excreted in his urine.
  • High Creatine Kinase Levels: Blood tests confirmed extremely elevated creatine kinase, a definitive marker of severe muscle damage.
  • Acute Kidney Failure: His kidneys were unable to filter waste effectively, a direct consequence of the overwhelming muscle breakdown, requiring intensive medical intervention.
  • Hospitalization: His nearly four-day stay in the hospital was not optional; it was critical to flush his system and support his failing kidneys.
  • Long-Term Impact: While grateful to have survived, Leonel faces the ongoing risk of chronic kidney disease and requires careful monitoring for potential lifelong complications.

Ralph Manginello has specific expertise in rhabdomyolysis hazing cases. This deep understanding of the medical science behind such injuries allows us to build an even stronger case, ensuring that juries understand the severity of the long-term impact on our clients.

Institutional Responses: A Pattern of Damage Control, Not Accountability

The immediate aftermath of Leonel’s hospitalization saw a flurry of activity, primarily aimed at damage control by the very institutions responsible for his injuries:

  • The University of Houston’s Statement: A UH spokesperson offered a public statement (reported by Houston Public Media) acknowledging the events as “deeply disturbing” and a “clear violation of our community standards.” They stated they were conducting their own investigation “in coordination with law enforcement,” and warned of disciplinary action and “potential criminal charges.”
    • Our Interpretation: This isn’t remorse; it’s an acknowledgement of guilt. The University is admitting that their own standards were violated on their property, by students they oversee. Their mention of “potential criminal charges” reveals they understand the gravity of the misconduct and the legal exposure of the individuals involved. Their claims of “coordination” with the fraternity suggest a unified front to manage the crisis.
  • Pi Kappa Phi National Headquarters’ Statement: On their website, Pi Kappa Phi announced they had “closed its Beta Nu Chapter effective November 14, 2025, following violations of the Fraternity’s risk management policy and membership conduct standards.” They even stated, “We thank the University of Houston for its collaboration and leadership,” and chillingly, “we look forward to returning to campus at the appropriate time.”
    • Our Interpretation: This is a blatant admission of wrongdoing, timed strategically. They closed the chapter a full week before our lawsuit was filed, demonstrating they knew serious legal action was imminent. Their talk of “prioritizing member well-being” rings hollow when a member is hospitalized, and their eagerness to “return to campus” shows a shocking lack of remorse and an assumption that this, like other hazing incidents, will eventually blow over. This corporate statement reveals their strategy is not about preventing future harm, but about minimizing disruption to their national footprint.

What Hazing Really Looks Like: Beyond the Stereotypes

Many parents in City of Norfolk might have a vague idea of hazing – perhaps some embarrassing tasks or silly rituals. But the reality, as exemplified by Leonel Bermudez’s experience, is far more sinister. Hazing today is not “boys being boys” or innocent pranks; it is systematic torture and abuse, designed to degrade, control, and break down individuals.

It involves activities that violate basic human rights and often constitute criminal offenses: assault, battery, torture, reckless endangerment, and in too many tragic cases, manslaughter or murder.

Here’s what hazing looks like, based on our investigation and the Bermudez case:

  • Physical Abuse: This is not just a slap on the wrist. It includes prolonged, extreme physical exertion (like Leonel’s 500 squats and 100 pushups), forced calisthenics (bear crawls, wheelbarrows, suicides), beatings with objects like wooden paddles, and other forms of brutal physical punishment designed to inflict pain and exhaustion.
  • Forced Consumption: This often involves binge drinking of alcohol, leading to alcohol poisoning and death, but it also includes forcing pledges to consume large and disgusting quantities of food (milk, hot dogs, peppercorns, as in Leonel’s case) until they vomit, and then forcing them to continue exercising in their own vomit.
  • Psychological Torture: The abuse goes beyond the body and targets the mind. It encompasses humiliation (forced stripping, carrying sexual objects), degradation, verbal abuse, intimidation, social isolation, and constant threats. The hog-tying incident involving another pledge in Leonel’s case is a prime example of such dehumanization.
  • Waterboarding/Simulated Drowning: As Leonel experienced, this barbaric practice, internationally recognized as torture, involves spraying water over an individual’s face to simulate drowning. It inflicts extreme psychological terror and physical discomfort.
  • Sleep Deprivation: Forcing pledges to stay awake for extended periods, or to perform tasks like driving members during early morning hours, leads to severe exhaustion, impaired judgment, and increased susceptibility to further abuse.
  • Exposure: Forcing pledges into uncomfortable or dangerous environments, such as stripping them down in cold weather, constitutes a serious form of physical abuse.
  • Sexual Abuse: While not explicitly detailed for Leonel, hazing often includes forced nudity, carrying sexually degrading items, or even sexual assault.
  • Servitude: Pledges are often treated as personal servants, forced to perform demeaning tasks, clean, run errands, or cook for older members, further cementing a power imbalance.

The Medical Consequences are Severe and Often Permanent:

  • Rhabdomyolysis and Kidney Failure: As tragically demonstrated by Leonel, extreme physical exertion can break down muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure and potential lifelong complications.
  • Alcohol Poisoning: The most common cause of hazing deaths, resulting from forced binge drinking.
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Caused by beatings, falls, or other head trauma.
  • Hypothermia/Hyperthermia: From exposure to extreme temperatures.
  • Cardiac Arrest: From extreme physical exertion or drug use.
  • PTSD, Anxiety, Depression: The psychological scars can be profound and long-lasting, requiring extensive therapy and support.
  • Death: The ultimate, irreversible consequence, leaving families shattered.

This is the reality of hazing today, and it’s a reality that parents in City of Norfolk must be aware of when their children pursue college aspirations. This is not about building character; it’s about breaking individuals. And we believe those who inflict and enable such cruelty must be held civilly and criminally accountable.

Who is Responsible for Hazing Injuries? Everyone Who Participated or Allowed It

One of the most crucial aspects of hazing litigation is identifying every single party that bears responsibility for the tragic outcomes. Hazing rarely occurs in a vacuum. It is often the result of a complex interplay of individual actions, organizational culture, and institutional negligence. At Attorney911, we cast a wide net, meticulously identifying and suing every entity that contributed to the harm, ensuring that justice is comprehensive and accountability is absolute. We do not just target the obvious culprits; we pursue everyone who played a role, directly or indirectly. For families in City of Norfolk, this means a thorough and relentless investigation to uncover all liable parties.

In the Bermudez v. Pi Kappa Phi case, our legal strategy targets a comprehensive list of defendants, illustrating the multi-layered responsibility inherent in hazing incidents:

  1. Local Chapter (Beta Nu Chapter of Pi Kappa Phi):

    • Basis for Liability: This is where the hazing originates. The local chapter directly organized, executed, and perpetuated the brutal rituals against Leonel Bermudez and other pledges. The chapter’s officers, such as the president and pledgemaster, bear direct responsibility for directing these activities, while individual members who participated or failed to intervene are also liable.
    • Why We Sue Them: They are the direct perpetrators. Their actions directly inflicted the physical and psychological trauma.

  2. Chapter Officers (President, Pledgemaster):

    • Basis for Liability: These individuals hold leadership positions within the chapter and are directly responsible for the content and execution of the pledge process. They either directed the hazing activities or allowed them to occur under their watch.
    • Why We Sue Them: Like Daylen Dunson in the Stone Foltz case who was ordered to pay $6.5 million personally, these officers cannot hide behind the fraternity’s corporate veil. They are directly liable for their actions and decisions.

  3. Individual Members:

    • Basis for Liability: Every member who actively participated in the hazing, or who witnessed it and failed to report or intervene, can be held individually liable for assault, battery, negligence, and other intentional torts.
    • Why We Sue Them: Hazing is a group activity, and accountability must extend to all who contribute to the abusive environment. This also creates personal exposure that can motivate settlement and ensure future deterrence.

  4. Former Members and Their Spouses:

    • Basis for Liability: In the Bermudez case, some major hazing sessions occurred at the private residence of a former member and his spouse. This makes them liable under premises liability laws for allowing dangerous activities on their property, and for aiding and abetting the hazing.
    • Why We Sue Them: This expands the pool of liable parties and potential insurance coverage (e.g., homeowner’s insurance), dismantling the common misconception that hazing only happens on campus.

  5. National Fraternity Organization (Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity, Inc.):

    • Basis for Liability: National fraternities are powerful corporate entities with significant resources and a supposed oversight role. We allege they failed to adequately supervise their local chapter, failed to enforce their own anti-hazing policies, and should have known about a “hazing crisis” within their organization (as reported by KHOU 11). Moreover, the death of Andrew Coffey at a Pi Kappa Phi chapter in 2017 provided the national organization with undeniable “actual notice” of the deadly hazing culture within their ranks, yet they failed to prevent Leonel’s hospitalization 8 years later.
    • Why We Sue Them: They operate as the “deep pockets,” possessing substantial assets and critical liability insurance policies. Their pattern of negligence, stretching from Andrew Coffey to Leonel Bermudez, makes them a prime target for punitive damages.

  6. University/College (University of Houston and UH Board of Regents):

    • Basis for Liability: Universities have a non-delegable duty to protect their students’ safety. In Leonel’s case, the University of Houston owned and controlled the fraternity house where significant hazing occurred. They had the power to regulate, inspect, suspend, or remove the organization. Furthermore, the University had “actual notice” of hazing dangers on its campus from a prior incident in 2017 where another student was hospitalized from hazing. Their failure to act effectively after the 2017 incident, and their continued ownership of the hazing location, makes them gravely liable.
    • Why We Sue Them: Universities, especially large public institutions, have substantial endowments, extensive insurance coverage, and a legal and moral obligation to maintain a safe campus environment. Their negligence often stems from a reluctance to crack down on Greek life due to alumni pressure and financial ties.

  7. Insurance Carriers:

    • Basis for Liability: While not direct perpetrators of hazing, insurance companies for the national fraternity, the university, and potentially the individual defendants (e.g., homeowner’s insurance) are crucial targets. They hold the financial keys to compensation.
    • Why We Target Them: As former insurance defense attorneys, Ralph Manginello and Lupe Pena possess invaluable insider knowledge of how these companies operate, value claims, and strategize defenses. This allows us to pursue every available policy and maximize recovery for our clients.

The “Deep Pockets” Principle: The primary goal in hazing litigation is not just to assign blame, but to secure comprehensive compensation for the victim. This often means targeting entities with significant financial resources. National fraternities and universities fall squarely into this category. They have assets, endowments, and, most importantly, liability insurance policies designed to cover these very types of incidents. We meticulously uncover these policies to ensure our clients receive the full measure of justice they deserve.

For families in City of Norfolk, whether your child was hazed at a local institution or one across the country, our commitment to identifying and suing every responsible party remains steadfast. We understand that this is not about revenge, but about justice, compensation, and preventing these tragedies from happening to another family.

Precedent Cases: Multi-Million Dollar Proof That Hazing Victims Win

To families in City of Norfolk, the idea of taking on a powerful national fraternity or a large university can seem daunting. But our firm, Attorney911, wants you to know this: hazing cases win, and they win big. The legal precedents are clear, with multi-million dollar verdicts and settlements that send an undeniable message to institutions and individuals who enable this abuse. We have the receipts, and we are prepared to leverage these powerful prior cases to fight for justice for your family in City of Norfolk.

The $10 million in damages we are seeking in the Bermudez v. Pi Kappa Phi case is not an arbitrary number; it is firmly rooted in a solid history of hazing litigation outcomes. These landmark cases prove what is possible when victims and their families courageously step forward with aggressive legal representation.

Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University / Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

Total Recovery: $10.1 Million+

  • What Happened: In March 2021, Stone Foltz, a pledge at Bowling Green State University, was forced to drink an entire bottle of alcohol during a Pi Kappa Alpha “Big/Little” initiation event. He was found unresponsive the next morning and died from acute alcohol poisoning.
  • The Outcome: The university settled with the family for $2.9 million. Pi Kappa Alpha national fraternity and other individuals collectively settled for $7.2 million. Most recently, in December 2024, a jury issued a $6.5 million judgment against Daylen Dunson, the former chapter president, highlighting personal accountability.
  • Significance for City of Norfolk: This case directly validates our $10 million demand. It shows that both universities AND national fraternities are held liable for millions, even in cases involving forced alcohol consumption—a common hazing tactic. The personal judgment against the chapter president further demonstrates that individual perpetrators cannot escape responsibility.

Maxwell Gruver – Louisiana State University / Phi Delta Theta (2017)

Jury Verdict: $6.1 Million

  • What Happened: In September 2017, Max Gruver, an 18-year-old freshman pledge at LSU, died from acute alcohol poisoning (BAC 0.495) during a Phi Delta Theta hazing event called “Bible Study.” Pledges were forced to drink excessive amounts of alcohol for answering questions incorrectly.
  • The Outcome: A jury awarded his family $6.1 million. Multiple individuals faced criminal charges, with one member convicted of negligent homicide. This case also led to the passage of the Max Gruver Act, making hazing a felony in Louisiana.
  • Significance for City of Norfolk: This demonstrates that juries are outraged by hazing and are willing to deliver multi-million dollar verdicts. It also shows a clear path from civil litigation to criminal consequences and significant legislative change.

Timothy Piazza – Penn State University / Beta Theta Pi (2017)

Total Recovery: Estimated $110 Million+

  • What Happened: In February 2017, Timothy Piazza, a pledge at Penn State, participated in a Beta Theta Pi bid acceptance night. He was forced to run “the gauntlet,” consuming 18 drinks in 82 minutes, reaching a BAC of 0.36. He fell multiple times, suffering a traumatic brain injury and internal bleeding. Fraternity brothers waited 12 hours before calling 911. He died days later.
  • The Outcome: The family settled confidentially for an amount reportedly exceeding $110 million, making it one of the largest hazing settlements in history. 18 fraternity members faced criminal charges, with multiple convictions including involuntary manslaughter. This case led to the Timothy J. Piazza Antihazing Law in Pennsylvania.
  • Significance for City of Norfolk: This is the gold standard for hazing accountability. It proves that when evidence is strong (like clear medical documentation and extensive hazing activities, as in Leonel’s case), the damages can be monumental, driving both institutional reform and legislative action.

Andrew Coffey – Florida State University / Pi Kappa Phi (2017)

The SAME National Fraternity: Pi Kappa Phi

  • What Happened: In November 2017, Andrew Coffey, a pledge at FSU, died from acute alcohol poisoning after being forced to drink an entire bottle of bourbon at a Pi Kappa Phi “Big Brother Night.”
  • The Outcome: 9 fraternity members faced criminal charges, and the FSU chapter was permanently closed. The family also reached a confidential civil settlement.
  • Significance for City of Norfolk: This is our smoking gun. Andrew Coffey died in a Pi Kappa Phi hazing incident 8 years before Leonel Bermudez was hospitalized in a Pi Kappa Phi hazing incident. This irrefutably proves that the national organization had actual notice of deadly hazing within its chapters and failed to implement effective preventative measures. For our lawsuit, this forms a crucial basis for demonstrating a pattern of negligence and demanding punitive damages. Pi Kappa Phi national knew, and they did nothing.

Other Significant Cases:

  • Adam Oakes (VCU / Delta Chi, 2021): A recent $4 million+ settlement for another hazing death, leading to “Adam’s Law” in Virginia.
  • UT Austin Sigma Chi (2025): Just weeks ago, a wrongful death lawsuit was filed alleging a freshman died by suicide after “horrific abuse” during Sigma Chi hazing. This confirms hazing deaths are an ongoing, immediate problem, even in Texas.

The take-away for City of Norfolk families and students is clear: these are not isolated incidents that just disappear. These are cases with immense consequences, leading to substantial financial awards, criminal prosecution, and new laws. The pattern evidence is undeniable. When you choose Attorney911, you are choosing a legal team that understands these precedents, knows how to build a winning hazing case, and is ready to fight with the same level of aggression that secured these multi-million dollar outcomes nationwide. Your child deserves nothing less.

Texas Law Protects Hazing Victims: Consent is NOT a Defense

For families in City of Norfolk grappling with a hazing incident, understanding the legal landscape is crucial. While hazing is a national problem, most states, including Virginia where City of Norfolk is located, have specific laws designed to combat it. Our expertise, however, is deeply rooted in Texas law, and our federal court authority allows us to pursue cases with national implications.

Here in Texas, the law is clear and unambiguous: hazing is illegal, and consent is absolutely NOT a defense. This is a critical point we use to dismantle the arguments often raised by fraternities, universities, and their legal teams.

The Texas Education Code, Sections 37.151 through 37.157, defines hazing broadly and establishes severe penalties, both criminal and organizational. For City of Norfolk families, understanding these principles, even if the incident occurred elsewhere, empowers you to recognize the severity of what your child endured.

What Constitutes Hazing Under Texas Law (§ 37.151):

Hazing includes any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, directed against a student for the purpose of initiation, affiliation, or maintaining membership in an organization, if it:

  • Involves Physical Brutality: This includes whipping, beating, striking (like being struck with wooden paddles in Leonel’s case), branding, or similar activity.
  • Causes Unreasonable Harm/Risk: Activities like sleep deprivation, exposure to the elements (like stripping in cold weather and being sprayed with a hose), confinement, or calisthenics that subject the student to an unreasonable risk of harm or adversely affect their mental or physical health. Leonel’s 500 squats and 100 pushups, leading to rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure, fall squarely into this category.
  • Involves Forced Consumption: This includes food, liquid (like large amounts of milk and peppercorns forced upon Leonel until he vomited), drugs, or alcohol that subjects the student to unreasonable harm or affects their health.
  • Violates the Penal Code: Any activity that induces or requires a student to commit a crime.
  • Involves Coercion to Consume Drugs or Alcohol: Forcing a student to consume an amount of alcohol that would lead a reasonable person to believe they are intoxicated.

The Bermudez case directly meets multiple elements of this legal definition: his treatment involved physical brutality (“struck with wooden paddles”), calisthenics causing unreasonable risk (“500 squats” leading to kidney failure), exposure to elements (“stripped to underwear, sprayed with hose”), and forced food consumption (“milk, hot dogs, peppercorns until vomiting”).

Criminal Penalties for Hazing (§ 37.152):

Texas law ensures that hazing is not just a university policy violation but a serious crime:

  • Engaging in Hazing: A Class B Misdemeanor (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine).
  • Hazing Causing Serious Bodily Injury: A Class A Misdemeanor (up to 1 year jail, $4,000 fine). Leonel Bermudez’s rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure definitively constitute “serious bodily injury.”
  • Hazing Causing Death: A State Jail Felony (180 days to 2 years state jail, $10,000 fine). This means if Leonel had died, those responsible would face felony charges in Texas.
  • Failure to Report: Even those with firsthand knowledge who fail to report hazing can face Class B Misdemeanor charges.

The University of Houston spokesperson’s direct mention of “potential criminal charges” underscores the severity of the situation and the enforceability of these very laws.

Organizational Liability (§ 37.153):

Crucially, organizations themselves are held accountable. If an organization condones, encourages, or if any officer, member, or even alumni commits hazing, the organization is liable. Penalties can include fines up to $10,000, denial of operating privileges on campus, and forfeiture of property. This is why we sued the local Pi Kappa Phi chapter, the national organization, and the University of Houston.

The Game-Changer: Consent is NOT a Defense (§ 37.154)

This provision is perhaps the most powerful legal tool in fighting hazing. Fraternities and universities often try to shift blame to the victim, claiming “he agreed to participate,” “he knew what he was signing up for,” or “he could have left at any time.”

Texas law unequivocally states: “It is not a defense to prosecution… that the person against whom the hazing was directed consented to or acquiesced in the hazing activity.”

This legislative foresight ensures that perpetrators cannot hide behind the coerced “consent” of a terrified pledge eager to belong. For City of Norfolk victims, this means that even if they felt pressured to participate, even if they initially “agreed” to certain activities, their “consent” cannot be used to absolve their abusers or the institutions that enabled them.

Civil Liability: Beyond Criminal Prosecution

While criminal charges address the societal wrong of hazing, civil lawsuits provide the means for victims and their families to receive compensation for their profound suffering and losses. This is where Attorney911 operates with expertise in City of Norfolk.

  • Negligence Claims: This is the most common foundation for hazing lawsuits, alleging that the fraternity, university, or individuals had a duty of care to the student, breached that duty by allowing or participating in hazing, which directly caused the injuries, resulting in provable damages. This theory applies regardless of where a City of Norfolk student attends college.
  • Premises Liability: When hazing occurs on property owned or controlled by the university (like the Pi Kappa Phi house owned by the University of Houston), the institution can be held liable for failing to maintain a safe environment.
  • Negligent Supervision: This applies when national fraternities fail to supervise their local chapters, or when universities fail to adequately oversee Greek life organizations operating on their campus, leading to foreseeable harm.
  • Assault and Battery: Individual participants who physically harm a student can be sued directly for these intentional torts. For example, striking Leonel with wooden paddles constitutes battery.
  • Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress: This claim applies to outrageous conduct (like waterboarding) that causes severe emotional distress, leading to conditions like PTSD, anxiety, and depression.
  • Wrongful Death: When hazing leads to a student’s death, families can file a wrongful death lawsuit seeking compensation for their profound loss.

Jurisdiction and Your City of Norfolk Case: While some of these laws are Texas-specific, nearly every state has similar anti-hazing statutes and civil liability theories. Furthermore, our federal court authority means we can pursue complex cases against national fraternities and universities in federal courts across the country. Distance is not a barrier to justice for families in City of Norfolk.

Why Attorney911 is the Obvious Choice for City of Norfolk Families

When your child has been subjected to the trauma of hazing, you need more than just a lawyer; you need a relentless advocate who understands the intricate legal landscape, the deep pockets of the defendants, and the profound emotional toll this takes on families. For parents in City of Norfolk, Attorney911 offers not just legal expertise, but a strategic advantage forged in the fire of real, ongoing hazing litigation.

We are not theoretical. We are fighting this battle RIGHT NOW.

Our most compelling credential is our current, active $10 million lawsuit against Pi Kappa Phi and the University of Houston. This isn’t a case study from a textbook; it’s a live legal emergency that our firm, Attorney911, is actively prosecuting. We are immersed in the complexities of hazing law, institutional negligence, and the psychological impact on victims. This means:

  • Real-time Expertise: Our legal team is actively analyzing discovery, challenging defendants, and building a multi-million dollar hazing case, giving us unparalleled, up-to-the-minute insights into current defense strategies and effective counter-tactics.
  • Proven Aggression: We aren’t afraid to take on powerful institutions. Our $10 million demand in the Bermudez case is concrete evidence of our aggressive approach to pursuing maximum compensation.
  • Direct Application: The strategies we are employing for Leonel Bermudez will be the same strategies we bring to your child’s hazing case in City of Norfolk. We are not learning on your dime; we are applying proven methods developed from active litigation.

Here’s what sets Attorney911 apart for City of Norfolk families:

  1. Over 25 Years of Courtroom Experience: Ralph Manginello, our managing partner, is a battle-tested trial attorney with over two decades of experience. He’s honed his skills in complex, high-stakes litigation, including the multi-billion dollar BP Texas City explosion mass tort. This experience against massive corporate defendants is directly applicable to taking on entrenched universities and national fraternities. For families in City of Norfolk, this means a seasoned litigator who knows how to navigate the toughest legal battles.
  2. Former Insurance Defense Attorneys – We Know Their Playbook: Both Ralph Manginello and Lupe Pena bring an “insider advantage.” They previously worked on the defense side for insurance companies. This background means we understand exactly how insurance companies and corporate defendants operate, how they value claims, what tactics they use to delay or deny compensation, and how to dismantle their defenses effectively. Lupe Pena, having worked for a national defense firm, understands their strategies across a broad range of cases, giving us unprecedented insight. We use their playbook against them—a truly unfair advantage for hazing victims.
  3. Federal Court Authority: Our attorneys are admitted to practice in U.S. District Courts. This is crucial because many hazing cases involve national organizations, allowing us to pursue claims in federal jurisdiction, which can be an advantage when dealing with multi-state entities. This means we can represent City of Norfolk families regardless of where the hazing incident occurred.
  4. Dual-State Bar Licenses (Texas AND New York): Ralph Manginello holds licenses in both Texas and New York. This dual-state capability offers a strategic advantage, particularly when dealing with national fraternities and sororities often headquartered outside Texas.
  5. Hazing-Specific Expertise: Ralph and Lupe have successfully litigated cases involving severe injuries like rhabdomyolysis—the same condition that afflicted Leonel Bermudez. We understand the specific medical, psychological, and institutional dynamics of hazing. Our insight into the Kappa Sigma fraternity litigation and Texas A&M University hazing cases further deepens our specialized knowledge.
  6. Unwavering Compassion, Aggressive Advocacy: We understand the profound emotional impact hazing has on victims and their families. While our approach to litigation is aggressive and strategic, our interaction with our clients is marked by empathy, warmth, and genuine care. We treat every client like family because we know this is more than just a case—it’s about healing and justice. Our 4.9-star rating on Google with over 250 reviews, consistently praising our communication, responsiveness, and genuine care, is a testament to this commitment.
  7. “Se Habla Español”: Our bilingual staff, including Lupe Pena, ensures that Spanish-speaking families in City of Norfolk affected by hazing receive comprehensive and clear legal support without language barriers.
  8. No Upfront Cost (Contingency Fees): We understand that unexpected legal costs can add immense stress to an already traumatic situation. We take hazing cases on a contingency fee basis. This means you pay absolutely $0 upfront for our services. We only get paid if you win your case. This removes financial barriers and allows any family in City of Norfolk, regardless of their financial situation, to pursue justice against wealthy institutions.
  9. Willingness to Travel: While our offices are in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, we are fully prepared to travel to City of Norfolk for depositions, client meetings, and trials when necessary. Modern technology also allows for seamless remote consultations and communication, ensuring that distance is never a barrier to expert representation.

Client Testimonials Speak Volumes:

Our former clients consistently praise our firm for exceptional communication, aggressive representation, and genuine care. Phrases like, “You are FAMILY to them and they protect and fight for you as such,” and “Consistent communication and not one time did I call and not get a clear answer,” reflect our core values. Clients like Chelsea Martinez and Greg Garcia experienced firsthand the quality of representation from Lupe Peña, praising his kindness and thoroughness. These are the same qualities we bring to every City of Norfolk family.

When you contact Attorney911, you’re not just hiring lawyers; you’re gaining a team that combines decades of litigation experience, insider knowledge of the defense’s tactics, specific hazing expertise, and a deeply personal commitment to achieving justice for your family. We are ready to bring the cutting-edge strategies from our $10 million hazing lawsuit directly to your case in City of Norfolk.

What to Do Right Now if Your Child Has Been Hazed

If your child in City of Norfolk has been a victim of hazing, the moments immediately following the incident are critical. It can be a confusing, terrifying, and overwhelming time, but taking the right steps can make a profound difference in protecting their rights and building a strong legal case. We know you are scared, angry, and searching for answers. This guide provides actionable steps that families in City of Norfolk can follow at 2 AM or any time, focusing on safety, evidence preservation, and seeking expert help.

Step 1: Prioritize Safety and Seek Immediate Medical Attention

  • Remove Your Child from the Dangerous Environment: Your child’s immediate physical and psychological safety is paramount. If they are still in a hazing situation, remove them immediately. This may involve contacting campus security, university officials, or even law enforcement if they are resistant or uncooperative.
  • Go to the ER or Doctor Immediately: Do not delay seeking medical care, even if injuries seem minor or your child insists they are “fine.” Adrenaline can mask pain, and some severe injuries (like rhabdomyolysis or internal organ damage) may not be immediately apparent.
    • Document Everything: Ensure all injuries are thoroughly documented by medical professionals. Explain that the injuries are “due to hazing activities.” This creates an official, independent record linking their physical condition to the hazing. Keep copies of all medical records, discharge papers, bills, and prescriptions. Your medical records are crucial evidence.
    • Mental Health Support: Hazing inflicts deep psychological scars. Seek mental health counseling for your child from a qualified therapist. These records will be vital for documenting mental anguish, PTSD, anxiety, and depression.

Step 2: Preserve ALL Evidence – Digital and Physical

This is absolutely critical. Hazing perpetrators and institutions will often attempt to destroy or conceal evidence once an incident is reported. You must act quickly and methodically. Every screenshot, every text message, every photo can be a piece of the puzzle that proves your case.

  • Digital Communications (CRITICAL!):
    • DO NOT DELETE ANYTHING! This cannot be stressed enough. Do not delete text messages, GroupMe chats, Snapchat conversations, Instagram DMs, Facebook messages, or any other digital communication related to the hazing.
    • Screenshots: Take screenshots of everything. Group chats, individual messages, social media posts. The content itself, dates, times, and participants are all important.
    • Save Devices: If possible, do not erase, factory reset, or get rid of any cell phones or other devices your child used. These devices may contain critical metadata.
  • Photos and Videos:
    • Document Injuries: Take clear, dated photos of all physical injuries as they appear and as they heal. Bruises, cuts, rashes, burns, swelling – anything.
    • Document Locations: If safe to do so, photograph or video the locations where hazing activities occurred (fraternity house, off-campus residence, park, remote location).
    • Document Evidence: Any physical objects related to the hazing (e.g., specific alcohol bottles, paddles, degrading items) should be photographed, if possible.
  • Witness Information:
    • Other Pledges: Even if they are unwilling to come forward publicly, discreetly gather names and contact information of other pledges who witnessed or participated in the hazing. They may become future witnesses or victims.
    • Bystanders/Friends: Anyone who saw or heard anything suspicious.
  • Documents:
    • Any “pledge manuals,” schedules, rules, or written instructions given to your child.
    • Financial records related to the hazing (e.g., fees paid, forced purchases).
    • If your child’s academic performance has suffered, keep academic records.

Step 3: What NOT to Do (and Why It’s Crucial for City of Norfolk Families)

  • DO NOT Talk to the Fraternity/Sorority: Do not allow your child, yourself, or anyone else to speak with fraternity/sorority leadership, members, or alumni without legal counsel present. They will try to control the narrative, minimize details, or intimidate your child.
  • DO NOT Talk to University Officials Alone: While reporting to the university is often necessary (see Step 4), do not give official statements or participate in interviews with university administrators, Title IX officers, or campus police without your attorney present. Their primary loyalty is to the institution, not your child. Anything your child says can be used against them or to minimize the university’s liability.
  • DO NOT Post on Social Media: Anything posted about the incident, even general comments about feeling unwell or photos of your child recuperating, can be twisted and used by the defense to undermine the case. We also advise going private or deactivating social media during litigation.
  • DO NOT Sign Anything: Do not sign any documents, waivers, or confidentiality agreements presented by the fraternity, university, or their representatives without your attorney reviewing them first. You could inadvertently waive critical legal rights.
  • DO NOT Try to Handle This Alone: Hazing cases are incredibly complex, involving multiple defendants, significant institutions, and nuanced legal strategies. The defendants will have aggressive legal teams. You need one too.

Step 4: Report the Incident (Strategically)

  • Police Report: Consider filing a police report. Hazing is a crime in most states, including Texas (and Virginia). Criminal investigations can uncover evidence useful for a civil suit, though the legal burdens are different.
  • University Report (Title IX/Student Conduct): Most universities have reporting mechanisms (e.g., Title IX office for gender-based violence, student conduct office). This often triggers an internal investigation and can lead to immediate organizational consequences (suspension of chapter, individual discipline). Again, be cautious and have your attorney guide you through this process. These reports also create a formal record of the incident.

Step 5: Contact Attorney911 IMMEDIATELY – Your Legal Emergency Hotline

The single most important step after ensuring safety and preserving initial evidence is to contact an experienced hazing litigation attorney.

  • Time Is Critical: The statute of limitations (the legal deadline to file a lawsuit) for personal injury and wrongful death cases in most states, including Texas and Virginia, is typically two years from the date of the injury or death. While this may seem like a long time, crucial evidence disappears quickly, witnesses’ memories fade, and defendants seize opportunities to destroy or conceal information. The sooner we are involved, the stronger your case will be.
  • Free, Confidential Consultation: We offer a completely free and confidential consultation. This is your opportunity to speak with our experienced hazing lawyers, Ralph Manginello or Lupe Pena, without any obligation. We will listen to your story, assess the details of your case, and explain your legal options.
  • We Come to You (or Meet Remotely): While we are headquartered in Houston, we understand families in City of Norfolk may not be able to travel. We offer seamless video consultations and, when necessary, we are prepared to travel to City of Norfolk for depositions, expert meetings, and trials. Distance is not a barrier to justice.

Your child’s future, and the accountability of those who harmed them, depend on swift, informed action. Do not hesitate. Call us now.

City of Norfolk Families: Call Your Legal Emergency Hotline NOW

If you are a parent in City of Norfolk, reading this, perhaps in the quiet fear of the early morning hours, please know that you are not alone. Your child’s horrifying experience is a legal emergency, and our firm, Attorney911, is your dedicated legal emergency hotline. We understand the gut-wrenching pain, the anger, and the sense of betrayal you must be feeling. We are here to transform that emotion into aggressive, data-driven action, just as we are doing for Leonel Bermudez.

Have you or your child been hazed at a university attended by students from City of Norfolk? Was it at a college in Virginia, or perhaps further away in Texas or another state? It does not matter where it happened; what matters is justice.

We are actively immersed in a $10 million lawsuit against Pi Kappa Phi and the University of Houston precisely for the type of egregious hazing that has shattered your family’s peace. This isn’t just a case for us; it’s a mission. We know how to build these cases from the ground up, how to face down powerful institutions, and how to secure the accountability your family deserves. We will bring the same level of legal firepower, the same unyielding dedication, and the same absolute commitment to justice for your child in City of Norfolk.

City of Norfolk Families, Your Call is Urgent – Your Consultation is FREE.

📞 1-888-ATTY-911

This phone number is your direct line to experienced hazing litigation attorneys. We are available 24/7 because we understand that legal emergencies do not keep business hours.

Email us directly: ralph@atty911.com

Visit our website: attorney911.com

No Upfront Fees. No Financial Barrier to Justice.

We work exclusively on a contingency fee basis for hazing victims. This means:

  • You pay absolutely nothing upfront.
  • We cover all case expenses.
  • We only get paid if YOU get paid. If we don’t win your case, you owe us nothing.

This commitment ensures that every family in City of Norfolk, regardless of financial means, has access to the highest caliber legal representation against powerful adversaries. Your focus should be on your child’s healing, not on crippling legal bills.

What City of Norfolk Hazing Victims & Families Should Do Right Now:

  1. Seek Medical Attention Immediately: If your child has not already received medical care for their physical or psychological injuries, do so without delay. Medical records are critical evidence.
  2. Preserve Every Piece of Evidence: This is paramount. Gather and protect all text messages, GroupMe chats, Snapchat logs, photos, videos, social media posts, pledge manuals, and witness contact information. Do NOT delete anything.
  3. Do NOT Communicate with Defendants: Instruct your child, and yourself, not to speak with any fraternity/sorority members, alumni, university officials, or their legal representatives without your attorney present. Their goal is to protect themselves, not your child.
  4. Do NOT Post on Social Media: Refrain from posting anything about the incident on social media. What you post can be used against you.
  5. CALL US IMMEDIATELY: The statute of limitations (legal deadlines) are strict, usually two years. Evidence disappears, and memories fade. Every day that passes can weaken your case. Your initial consultation is free and confidential.

Nationwide Reach: Justice for City of Norfolk, Wherever Hazing Occurs.

While our physical offices are in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas, our ability to represent hazing victims extends far beyond state lines. Hazing is a national scourge, and we are equipped to tackle it wherever it rears its ugly head, including in City of Norfolk.

  • Federal Court Authority: Our attorneys are admitted to argue cases in federal courts, which is often crucial when dealing with national fraternities and universities operating across state lines.
  • Dual-State Bar Licenses: Ralph Manginello is licensed in both Texas and New York, providing a strategic advantage in cases involving national organizations with headquarters in different legal jurisdictions.
  • Remote Consultations: For families in City of Norfolk, we offer secure and convenient video consultations, allowing you to meet our attorneys from the comfort of your home.
  • Commitment to Travel: We are prepared to travel to City of Norfolk for depositions, key meetings, and trials as needed. Distance will not be a barrier to achieving justice for your child.

Hazing affects more than just fraternities and sororities. We represent victims of hazing in:

  • Fraternities and sororities, including those at institutions popular with City of Norfolk students.
  • Sports teams at high schools, colleges, and universities in and around City of Norfolk.
  • Marching bands and other performing arts organizations.
  • ROTC programs.
  • Clubs and other student groups.
  • Military academies and organizations.

To Other Victims of the University of Houston Pi Kappa Phi Hazing:

If you are another pledge or student who witnessed or endured the horrific abuse within the Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu chapter at the University of Houston, we know you are out there. Our client, Leonel Bermudez, was not the only one. Another pledge collapsed and lost consciousness. Others faced the extreme physical demands, the waterboarding, the forced consumption, and the psychological torment.

You have rights too. What happened to you was illegal and indefensible.

As Attorney Lupe Pena said, “If this prevents harm to another person, that’s what we’re hoping to do. Let’s bring this to light. Enough is enough.”

Call us. Let us help you bring every perpetrator and every enabling institution to justice. Your courage in coming forward can protect countless others.

The pain your family is enduring is immense, but the opportunity for justice is real. Let Attorney911 be your unwavering advocate. Call us now.

📞 1-888-ATTY-911

Ralph Manginello’s Bio: attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/
Lupe Pena’s Bio: attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/
Main Website: attorney911.com