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Hazing has cast a long shadow over college campuses, leaving a trail of tragic incidents and shattered lives. The consequences of these harmful practices extend far beyond individual victims, impacting families, academic institutions, and the broader community. The legal landscape surrounding hazing is complex, with both state and federal laws aiming to curb these dangerous rituals. Attorney911, your Legal Emergency Lawyers™, stands as a beacon of hope for families grappling with the aftermath of hazing, offering unparalleled expertise in navigating the intricate legal battles against powerful institutions.

This comprehensive guide delves into the realities of hazing in 2025, exploring its various forms, legal implications, and historical patterns. We will examine critical cases that have shaped anti-hazing efforts nationwide and provide in-depth insights into the Greek life and campus cultures at prominent Texas universities, including the University of Houston, Texas A&M University, the University of Texas at Austin, Southern Methodist University, and Baylor University. Our aim is to demystify hazing litigation, empower victims with actionable advice, and underscore the unwavering commitment of Attorney911 to holding those responsible accountable.

We encourage families in Mississippi and across Texas to utilize this resource as a vital tool in understanding their rights and legal options. Whether your child attends school near Mississippi or at a major Texas university, the information provided here will illuminate the path toward justice and help prevent future tragedies. While this article offers general information, not specific legal advice, The Manginello Law Firm is always available for a confidential consultation to discuss your unique circumstances and provide personalized guidance.

If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

• Call 911 for medical emergencies
• Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• We provide immediate help – that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

In the first 48 hours:

• Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
• Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
  • Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
  • Photograph injuries from multiple angles
  • Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
• Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
• Do NOT:
  • Confront the fraternity/sorority
  • Sign anything from the university or insurance company
  • Post details on public social media
  • Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

• Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
• Universities move quickly to control the narrative
• We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
• Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

Hazing in the modern era has evolved beyond the traditional perceptions of prankish behavior or simple rites of passage. Today, it encompasses a wide spectrum of psychological manipulation, physical abuse, and digital coercion, all designed to assert power and control over new members. For Mississippi families, understanding these contemporary forms of hazing is crucial, as the practices can be far more insidious and dangerous than commonly understood. It’s no longer just about public humiliation on campus; hazing can infiltrate every aspect of a student’s life, from their physical well-being to their digital footprint.

At its core, hazing is any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by an individual or group, directed against a student, that endangers the mental or physical health or safety of that student for the purpose of pledging, initiation, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students. This broad definition, which is consistent with Texas law, highlights that “consent” is often an illusion in these power-imbalanced situations. Even if a student outwardly “agrees” to participate, the underlying pressures of social acceptance, fear of exclusion, or desire to belong can negate true voluntary consent. Courts and universities increasingly recognize that such “consent” is not a valid defense against hazing allegations.

Hazing exists across a three-tier classification system, ranging from subtle to overtly violent:

Subtle Hazing

Often dismissed as “harmless” or mere “tradition,” subtle hazing establishes a power imbalance and psychological control, setting the stage for more severe abuse. Examples include:

• Deception and Secrecy: Requiring new members to lie to parents, university staff, or outsiders about organizational activities or the true nature of their initiation process. Phrases like, “What happens here, stays here,” are hallmarks of subtle hazing.
• Servitude and Demeaning Tasks: Forcing new members to perform personal errands, clean living spaces, or act as chauffeurs for older members at all hours. This creates an expectation of subservience.
• Social Isolation: Restricting new members’ interactions with individuals outside the organization or dictating their social calendar.
• Deprivation of Privileges: Denying access to certain facilities, requiring specific attire, or forbidding new members from speaking unless addressed first.
• Time Interference: Mandatory attendance at events that conflict with academic responsibilities or sleep, leading to exhaustion.

Modern subtle hazing tactics leverage technology, such as constant monitoring of group chats, demanding immediate responses at all hours, and requiring pledges to share their real-time location.

Harassment Hazing

This tier includes actions that cause emotional or physical discomfort, often without causing lasting physical injury but contributing to a hostile and abusive environment.

• Verbal Abuse: Subjecting new members to screaming, insults, degrading language, or verbal threats during “interrogation” sessions or daily interactions.
• Sleep Deprivation: Orchestrating late-night meetings, scavenger hunts, or tasks that severely limit sleep, leading to mental and physical fatigue.
• Food and Water Control: Restricting access to meals, forcing consumption of unpleasant or non-nutritive “concoctions,” or demanding excessive quantities of specific foods.
• Forced Physical Exertion: Mandating excessive calisthenics, “smokings,” or arduous runs framed as “conditioning” that are actually punitive and dangerous, often leading to conditions like rhabdomyolysis—severe muscle breakdown.
• Public Humiliation: Forcing new members to perform embarrassing acts in public, wear degrading costumes, or endure “roasts” where they are verbally attacked.

Digital harassment includes forcing new members to create and share embarrassing content online or to participate in online challenges designed to humiliate.

Violent Hazing

This is the most dangerous tier, carrying a high risk of severe physical injury, psychological trauma, sexual assault, or even death. This often involves tactics that are illegal under Texas law.

• Forced Alcohol and Substance Consumption: This is the leading cause of hazing fatalities. It includes “lineup” drinking games, “Big/Little” rituals involving large quantities of hard liquor, and forcing consumption of unknown substances until vomiting or unconsciousness.
• Physical Beatings and Abuse: Direct assaults, paddling with objects, forced “tackling” or “body slamming,” or branding with hot objects.
• Sexual Hazing: Requiring nudity, simulating sexual acts, or forcing participation in sexually degrading activities. This category often overlaps with sexual assault and can have lifelong psychological repercussions.
• Exposure to Extreme Conditions: Confining new members in freezing or excessively hot environments, denying access to restrooms, or leaving them stranded in unfamiliar locations.
• Dangerous Stunts: Forcing risky acts like jumping from heights, driving under the influence, or participation in staged fights.

Modern violent hazing is often moved off-campus to evade university oversight, occurring in private residences or remote locations. These events may be disguised as “socials” or “team-building retreats” but involve the same dangerous activities. For Mississippi families whose children attend college, knowing these types of activities are illegal under Texas law is paramount.

Law & Liability Framework (Texas + Federal)

The legal framework surrounding hazing in Texas is designed to deter these harmful practices and hold individuals and institutions accountable. For families in Mississippi, understanding these laws is crucial when navigating a hazing incident, regardless of where in Texas the incident occurred. Texas law, outlined in the Education Code, provides a clear pathway for both criminal prosecution and civil lawsuits.

Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code)

Under Texas Education Code – Chapter 37, Subchapter F (Hazing), hazing is explicitly prohibited. Section 37.151 defines hazing as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by one person alone or with others, directed against a student, that:

• Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, AND
• Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

This definition is critical for Mississippi families to grasp. It means that an act doesn’t have to be malicious to be considered hazing; recklessness—knowing the risk and doing it anyway—is enough. Furthermore, the law recognizes that harm can be both physical (e.g., beatings, forced drinking, sleep deprivation) and mental (e.g., severe humiliation, intimidation, psychological manipulation). The emphasis is on the act and its purpose in relation to group affiliation, not necessarily on malicious intent.

Crucially, the Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing. This is vital because perpetrators often argue that victims “agreed” to the activities. However, the law understands that consent given under duress, peer pressure, or fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent.

Criminal Penalties

Section 37.152 of the Texas Education Code outlines the criminal penalties for hazing:

• Class B Misdemeanor: Most hazing offenses fall into this category, punishable by up to 180 days in jail and/or a fine of up to $2,000.
• Class A Misdemeanor: If hazing causes bodily injury and requires medical attention, the penalty escalates.
• State Jail Felony: If hazing causes serious bodily injury or death, it becomes a state jail felony, carrying much more severe penalties, including potential prison time.

Additionally, individuals who are aware of hazing and fail to report it can also face misdemeanor charges. Retaliating against someone who reports hazing is also a misdemeanor under Texas law.

Organizational Liability

Beyond individuals, organizations themselves can be held criminally responsible under Texas Education Code § 37.153:

• An organization can be prosecuted if it authorized or encouraged the hazing.
• If an officer or member acting in their official capacity knew about the hazing and failed to report it.

For organizations, penalties can include a fine up to $10,000 per violation, and the university can revoke its recognition and ban the organization from campus. This provision underscores that accountability extends beyond individual bad actors to the group as a whole.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases

It’s important for Mississippi families to distinguish between criminal and civil hazing cases:

• Criminal Cases: These are brought by the state (prosecutors) against individuals or organizations. The goal is to punish those who broke the law through jail time, fines, or probation. Hazing incidents can lead to various criminal charges, including hazing offenses, furnishing alcohol to minors, assault, or even more serious charges like manslaughter in fatal cases.
• Civil Cases: These are initiated by victims or their surviving families against individuals, organizations, and sometimes universities. The primary goal is monetary compensation for damages suffered and to hold responsible parties accountable. Civil claims often involve allegations of negligence, gross negligence, wrongful death, negligent supervision, or premises liability.

Crucially, a civil case can proceed even if no criminal charges are filed or if criminal charges do not result in a conviction. The burden of proof is lower in civil court, and the focus is on compensation for harm, not punishment.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, Clery

Federal laws and initiatives also play a significant role in the hazing landscape:

• Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024): This landmark federal law, which is being phased in by 2026, requires colleges and universities receiving federal funding to be more transparent about hazing incidents. Institutions must publicly report hazing violations, strengthen prevention programs, and maintain accessible data on hazing. This creates a national standard for accountability and provides valuable information for families.
• Title IX: When hazing involves sex discrimination, sexual harassment, or sexual assault, it falls under the purview of Title IX. Universities have a legal obligation to investigate and address such incidents, regardless of whether they occurred on or off campus, and can face federal penalties for non-compliance.
• Clery Act: The Clery Act mandates that universities disclose campus crime statistics, including certain categories that hazing incidents might fall under, such as assault, liquor law violations, or drug abuse violations. This promotes transparency and informs students and families about campus safety.

Who Can Be Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit

In a civil hazing lawsuit, a broad range of parties can be held accountable:

• Individual Students: Those who actively planned, participated in, or carried out the hazing acts are often primary defendants. This can include “pledge masters,” chapter officers, or any member who engaged in the harmful behavior.
• Local Chapter/Organization: The specific fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself can be named as a defendant if it is a legally recognized entity.
• National Fraternity/Sorority: The national headquarters, with its resources, policies, and oversight responsibilities, is often a key target. Their liability often hinges on whether they had knowledge of prior hazing incidents (either at that chapter or others nationally) and failed to take adequate preventive measures.
• University or Governing Board: Universities can be sued for negligence, especially if they had prior knowledge of hazing, failed to enforce their own policies, or demonstrated deliberate indifference to ongoing misconduct. Public universities like the University of Houston, Texas A&M, or UT Austin may assert sovereign immunity (protection from lawsuits), but exceptions exist for gross negligence, willful misconduct, or under federal laws like Title IX. Private universities like SMU or Baylor have fewer immunity protections.
• Third Parties: This can include landlords who knowingly rented property for hazing, property owners of off-campus venues, or even alcohol vendors who illegally supplied alcohol to minors or to a visibly intoxicated person.

For Mississippi families, understanding this multi-layered liability framework is key to seeking comprehensive justice. An experienced hazing attorney can identify all potential defendants and pursue claims against each party to ensure maximum accountability and compensation.

National Hazing Case Patterns

Major hazing incidents across the United States have exposed dangerous patterns that resonate deeply for Texas families. These anchor stories demonstrate the profound impact of hazing, illustrating not just the tragic individual outcomes but also the institutional failures, legal precedents, and legislative changes they have sparked. While these cases occurred outside of Texas, they highlight national trends that affect student safety nationwide and inform legal strategies for Texas hazing cases.

Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern

Forced or excessive alcohol consumption remains the deadliest form of hazing, a tragic narrative repeated across campuses.

• Timothy Piazza – Penn State University, Beta Theta Pi (2017): This case became a national outcry. During a “bid acceptance” night, 19-year-old Timothy Piazza was forced to consume dangerous amounts of alcohol. After falling repeatedly, suffering traumatic brain injuries, fraternity brothers delayed calling for help for nearly 12 hours. His death led to charges against 18 fraternity members, and civil litigation resulted in undisclosed settlements. More importantly, Pennsylvania enacted the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law, one of the toughest in the nation. This case starkly exposed the fatal consequences of unchecked alcohol hazing, the perils of delayed medical attention, and a pervasive culture of silence and cover-up.
• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University, Pi Kappa Phi (2017): Similar to Piazza, Andrew Coffey, a 20-year-old pledge, died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” where pledges were given handles of liquor. The incident led to multiple arrests and criminal charges for hazing, as well as a temporary suspension of all Greek life at FSU. His death fueled a statewide anti-hazing movement in Florida.
• Max Gruver – Louisiana State University, Phi Delta Theta (2017): During a “Bible study” drinking game, pledges were forced to drink heavily for incorrect answers. 18-year-old Max Gruver died with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.495%. While multiple members faced charges, one was convicted of negligent homicide. This tragedy led to the enactment of the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana, a felony hazing statute. The family also secured civil settlements, underscoring the legal and financial liabilities involved.
• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021): Stone Foltz, 20, died from alcohol poisoning after being forced to consume an entire bottle of alcohol during a “Big/Little” night event. This case resulted in criminal convictions for multiple fraternity members, including a 42-day jail sentence for hazing. The Foltz family reached a significant $10 million settlement in 2023, with $7 million from the national Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity and approximately $3 million from Bowling Green State University. This substantial settlement highlights the severe financial penalties that institutions and national organizations can face.

Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Beyond alcohol, physical and ritualized hazing continue to cause severe harm and death.

• Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013): Michael Deng, 19, died after a brutal “glass ceiling” ritual at an off-campus retreat in Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains. He was blindfolded, weighted with a backpack, and repeatedly tackled. Fraternity members delayed calling 911 for over an hour. This case was groundbreaking—not only were multiple members convicted, but the national fraternity itself was criminally convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter, and fined over $110,000. Pi Delta Psi was banned from operating in Pennsylvania for 10 years, setting a precedent for organizational criminal liability.

Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse

Hazing is not exclusive to Greek life; it is a pervasive issue across various student organizations, including high-profile athletic programs.

• Northwestern University Football Scandal (2023–2025): This incident rocked the world of college athletics. Former football players from Northwestern University came forward with allegations of widespread sexualized and racist hazing within the football program dating back years. Tactics allegedly included forced nudity, simulated sexual acts, and racist rituals. This scandal led to the firing of long-time head coach Pat Fitzgerald, who subsequently filed a wrongful-termination lawsuit. Multiple former players also filed civil lawsuits against the university and its coaching staff. This case underscores that hazing can occur at the highest levels of collegiate sports and highlights the institutional liability where such practices are allowed to fester.

What These Cases Mean for Texas Families

These national cases share crucial common threads:

• Foreseeability: The repeated nature of these incidents, particularly involving alcohol and physical abuse, demonstrates that national organizations and universities often have ample warning of potential dangers. This “pattern evidence” is critical in civil litigation to establish foreseeability and, thus, negligence.
• Delayed Intervention and Cover-Ups: In almost every major fatality, medical intervention was significantly delayed due to a culture of secrecy and fear of repercussions, exacerbating injuries and leading to deaths that might have been prevented.
• Institutional Responsibility: These cases prove that liability extends far beyond individual students. National fraternities, local chapters, and universities can all be held accountable for failing to prevent hazing, enforce policies, or intervene when they knew or should have known a risk existed.
• Legislative and Financial Impact: The multi-million-dollar settlements and new anti-hazing laws (like the Piazza Law or Max Gruver Act) are direct results of these tragedies, showing that the legal and financial stakes are incredibly high.

For families in Mississippi whose children attend institutions like the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor, these national patterns serve as both a stark warning and a source of legal precedent. The legal strategies developed in these cases are directly applicable to pursuing justice for hazing victims in Texas. These stories arm us with the knowledge and precedent to fight against powerful defendants, and Attorney911 is prepared to leverage these lessons on your behalf.

Texas Focus: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor

For families in Mississippi, understanding the specific hazing landscape at prominent Texas universities is essential. While your child might attend a smaller college or university across the state, these major institutions often set the tone for Greek life culture, policy enforcement, and hazing incidents across Texas. Attorney911 meticulously tracks hazing allegations, policy responses, and legal actions at these universities to provide the most informed counsel possible.

Here, we provide a detailed look at five key Texas universities. We will pay particular attention to the University of Mississippi, being the location relevant for this guide.

University of Mississippi

The University of Mississippi, affectionately known as Ole Miss, is a flagship public research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. It is a vital institution to families in Mississippi. Ole Miss is renowned for its academic programs, athletic traditions, and vibrant campus life. Given the local context, many families in Mississippi consider Ole Miss as a premier destination for higher education. The university has a strong Greek life presence, with a significant percentage of its student body participating in fraternities and sororities, which play a prominent role in campus social and cultural activities.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: The University of Mississippi maintains a strict anti-hazing policy outlined in its M Book and student codes of conduct. Hazing is unequivocally prohibited, defining it broadly to include any action or situation that recklessly or intentionally endangers the mental or physical health and safety of a student for initiation, admission into, or affiliation with any organization. This includes alcohol use, physical activities beyond reasonable limits, and any activity that could cause embarrassment or humiliation. The university provides various reporting channels, including the Division of Student Affairs, the Dean of Students Office, the Ole Miss Police Department (UMPD), and an anonymous hotline or online reporting system. The university aims for a transparent reporting process and investigates all alleged hazing incidents.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: Ole Miss has unfortunately experienced its share of hazing incidents, leading to suspensions and public scrutiny. One notable case is the Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) incident in 2017, which garnered national attention. Similar to national patterns found in the tragic cases of Stone Foltz and Andrew Coffey, the Ole Miss chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha was accused of subjecting pledges to excessive alcohol consumption during initiations. The university launched an extensive investigation, ultimately suspending the fraternity and imposing severe sanctions. This incident highlighted the university’s commitment to addressing hazing but also underscored the persistent challenges of enforcing anti-hazing policies within traditional Greek systems. Other incidents, often involving physical discomfort and demands for subservience, have led to various disciplinary actions against other fraternities and sororities, including probation, social restrictions, and educational requirements. In some severe instances, chapters have faced temporary or permanent loss of university recognition. For families in Mississippi, these local incidents serve as a stark reminder that hazing is a present and serious issue, even at respected in-state institutions.

How a University of Mississippi Hazing Case Might Proceed: A hazing case at Ole Miss could involve several legal and institutional pathways. Depending on the nature and severity of the incident, investigations might be conducted by UMPD, local Oxford authorities, or both. Civil suits would typically be filed in courts with jurisdiction over Lafayette County, Mississippi. Potential defendants could include the individual students directly involved in the hazing, the local chapter of the fraternity or sorority, the national organization, and potentially the University of Mississippi itself, depending on proven negligence or systemic failures. For Mississippi families, pursuing a case locally means engaging with the state’s legal system, which has its own unique nuances.

What University of Mississippi Students & Parents Should Do:

• Familiarize yourself with Ole Miss’s official anti-hazing policies and reporting procedures. These are clearly outlined in the M Book and on the university’s website.
• Utilize anonymous reporting options if you fear retaliation, but remember that formal legal action may require more direct engagement.
• Document everything: For Mississippi parents, this means diligently collecting evidence—screenshots of messages, photos of injuries, and detailed notes—as soon as an incident occurs.
• Prioritize medical attention: If your child is injured or unwell, their health is the absolute priority. Ensure any medical professionals are informed that the injuries may be hazing-related for proper documentation.
• Consult deeply with experienced hazing attorneys: Attorneys with experience in hazing litigation can navigate both university processes and the Mississippi legal system, ensuring that all avenues for accountability are explored. This is particularly important for Mississippi families who may be unfamiliar with how such complex cases are handled.

University of Houston (UH)

The University of Houston, an integral institution within our home city, is a large, dynamic urban campus with a diverse student body. It combines both commuter and residential populations, fostering a vibrant academic and social environment. UH boasts an active Greek life with numerous fraternities and sororities, alongside a myriad of student organizations, cultural groups, and competitive sports clubs. For families in Mississippi looking at competitive, large-city universities, UH offers a distinct collegiate experience.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: The University of Houston explicitly prohibits hazing, both on-campus and at off-campus events. Its policy broadly defines hazing to include any act that endangers mental or physical health for initiation or membership within a student organization. This encompasses forced consumption of substances, sleep deprivation, physical mistreatment, and psychological duress. UH provides clear reporting channels through the Dean of Students office, the Office of Student Conduct, and the University of Houston Police Department (UHPD). The university is committed to investigating all credible reports and posts a hazing statement along with some disciplinary actions on its website.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: UH has faced its share of hazing incidents that have resulted in disciplinary action. A notable case involved the Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) fraternity in 2016. Pledges allegedly endured sleep and food deprivation during a multi-day event, with one student suffering a lacerated spleen after a purported “slamming” incident. The chapter faced misdemeanor hazing charges and university suspension. More recently, in late 2025, our firm, Attorney911, filed a landmark $10 million lawsuit on behalf of Leonel Bermudez against the University of Houston, its Board of Regents, Pi Kappa Phi national, and 13 individuals. Bermudez, a transfer student, allegedly suffered acute kidney failure and rhabdomyolysis after severe hazing that included forced physical exertion at Yellowstone Boulevard Park, forced and degrading consumption rituals, and hose spraying described “similar to waterboarding.” This incident underscored recurring hazing challenges in the Greek system at UH.

How a UH Hazing Case Might Proceed: A hazing lawsuit at the University of Houston would typically involve various entities. UHPD or the Houston Police Department might conduct criminal investigations, potentially leading to criminal charges in Harris County. Civil suits are usually filed in Harris County, where the university is located. Potential defendants include the individual students directly involved, the local chapter, the national fraternity/sorority, and potentially the University of Houston and its governing board. Given our firm’s ongoing litigation, we are acutely aware of the complexities involved in pursuing such cases in Houston.

What UH Students & Parents Should Do:

• Familiarize yourselves with UH’s comprehensive anti-hazing policies and reporting mechanisms.
• Document everything meticulously, including digital communications, photos of injuries, and detailed accounts.
• If you hear whispers of hazing, be highly attentive to your child’s behavior and physical state.
• Contact a lawyer experienced in Houston-based hazing cases to access potential university records and previous incident reports.

Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University, located in College Station, is a venerable institution with deep-rooted traditions, a strong sense of community, and a significant connection to Mississippi families who often send their children to prominent state universities. It’s particularly known for its Corps of Cadets, a military-style program that shapes a unique campus culture alongside a vibrant Greek life. The university’s traditions are a source of immense pride, but they also present unique challenges in addressing hazing, where “tradition” can sometimes blur the lines of acceptable behavior.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: Texas A&M maintains a stringent anti-hazing policy that applies to all student organizations, including Greek chapters and the Corps of Cadets. Hazing is broadly defined to encompass any act that causes or is likely to cause physical or mental harm or degradation, for the purpose of initiation, admission into, affiliation with, or as a condition for continued membership. Reporting channels include the Department of Student Life, the Office of the Commandant (for Corps-related incidents), and the University Police Department (UPD). A&M actively investigates reports and publishes disciplinary actions when violations occur.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: Texas A&M has faced several high-profile hazing incidents, reflecting issues in both its Greek system and the Corps.

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) in 2021: This incident garnered significant attention and underscored the grave physical dangers of hazing. Two pledges alleged they were subjected to repeated physical abuse and had substances including industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit poured on them, resulting in severe chemical burns requiring skin graft surgeries. The local chapter was suspended by the university, and the pledges filed a civil lawsuit. This case demonstrates the extreme lengths to which hazing can go and the severe, lasting physical trauma it can inflict.
• Corps of Cadets incident in 2023: A cadet filed a lawsuit alleging degrading hazing, including simulated sexual acts and being bound between beds in a “roasted pig” pose with an apple in his mouth. While the university stated it handled the matter under its rules, the allegations highlighted the types of disturbing rituals that can occur within the Corps.
• Aggie Bonfire Collapse in 1999: While not traditional hazing, the collapse that killed 12 and injured 27 students during the student-led Aggie Bonfire tradition drew immense scrutiny to dangers within student organizations and traditions that lacked proper oversight. Multiple lawsuits against university officials resulted in settlements exceeding $6 million, forcing a re-evaluation of high-risk student activities.

How a Texas A&M Hazing Case Might Proceed: Given Texas A&M’s location, criminal investigations may involve UPD or the Brazos County Sheriff’s Office. Civil lawsuits would likely be filed in Brazos County courts. Potential defendants include the involved individuals, the local chapter, the national organization (for fraternities/sororities), and potentially the university itself, given its size and oversight over various student groups, including the Corps of Cadets. Navigating a case at A&M often requires understanding the unique traditions and hierarchical structures that exist within its student organizations.

What Texas A&M Students & Parents Should Do:

• Understand the specific hazing risks associated with A&M’s unique cultural elements, particularly the Corps of Cadets and its long-standing traditions, as well as the Greek system.
• Be proactive in documenting all communications related to new member activities, particularly if they hint at excessive demands or secrecy.
• Mississippi families should investigate reports of any hazing incidents at A&M through the university’s public records, if available, or by contacting an attorney.
• Recognize that cases involving the Corps of Cadets may present different dynamics than Greek life incidents, potentially requiring specialized legal understanding of military-style institutional structures.

University of Texas at Austin (UT)

The University of Texas at Austin is another powerhouse institution drawing students from Mississippi and across the globe. Located in the bustling state capital, UT Austin is renowned for its academic excellence, vibrant campus culture, and passionate school spirit. Its Greek and student organization life is extensive, making it a critical focus for hazing prevention and accountability efforts in Texas.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: UT Austin maintains a comprehensive anti-hazing policy, clearly defining hazing as any act that causes or is likely to cause physical or mental harm for initiation or continued membership in a student organization. The policy prohibits activities involving alcohol, physical abuse, psychological torment, and public humiliation. UT Austin actively promotes reporting through the Dean of Students office, the Student Conduct and Academic Integrity office, and the University of Texas Police Department (UTPD). Notably, UT provides a highly transparent Hazing Violations webpage, which lists organizations disciplined for hazing, the nature of their violations, and the sanctions imposed. This transparency is a valuable resource for Mississippi families and legal professionals.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: UT Austin’s public Hazing Violations page provides a clear, albeit troubling, record of ongoing hazing issues.

• Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike) in 2023: This fraternity was sanctioned for directing new members to consume milk and engage in strenuous calisthenics, leading to probation and mandatory hazing-prevention education. This specific incident aligns with national patterns of forced consumption and physical exertion hazing.
• Texas Wranglers and other spirit organizations: Historically, non-Greek organizations such as spirit groups have also faced sanctions for hazing involving physically demanding activities, alcohol misuse, and other punishment-based practices. For example, the Texas Cowboys were involved in a death in 1995 from alcohol-related drowning, highlighting risks in traditional spirit organizations. In 2018, parents alleged sleep deprivation from Texas Cowboys activities contributed to a distracted driving fatality.
• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) in 2006: The death of Tyler Cross, a pledge who fell to his death while under the influence of alcohol, led police to suspect hazing was a factor. This incident predates many of the stricter reporting requirements but highlights the long-standing risks.
• Lambda Phi Epsilon in 2005: Phanta “Jack” Phoummarath died from acute alcohol intoxication during a fraternity event where pledges were pressured to drink and eat spicy foods. Alcohol was deemed the direct cause of death, resulting in charges against members.

How a UT Austin Hazing Case Might Proceed: Criminal investigations at UT Austin often involve UTPD and/or the Austin Police Department, with cases prosecuted in Travis County. Civil lawsuits would typically proceed in Travis County courts. UT’s public record of hazing violations can be a powerful tool for plaintiffs, demonstrating a pattern of misconduct and the university’s awareness. Potential defendants include individual students, the local chapter, relevant national organizations (which would include the national fraternities/sororities if their chapters are involved), and the university itself, particularly given the public knowledge gleaned from its Hazing Violations page.

What UT Austin Students & Parents Should Do:

• Regularly review UT’s public Hazing Violations webpage to understand the specific organizations and types of hazing that have been sanctioned. This information—readily available to Mississippi families—can inform decisions about potential Greek affiliation.
• Utilize UT’s robust reporting channels, especially if you have concrete evidence, as the university has demonstrated a commitment to transparency in reporting violations.
• Be vigilant about any activities that align with past documented violations, recognizing that repeated behavior can strengthen a legal case.

Southern Methodist University (SMU)

Southern Methodist University, nestled in a prestigious area of Dallas, is a private institution known for its strong academic programs, vibrant campus culture, and highly active Greek life. It attracts students from across Texas, the U.S., and internationally, including those from Mississippi seeking a distinguished private university experience. SMU’s Greek organizations are a cornerstone of its social scene, leading to a focus on ensuring compliance with anti-hazing policies.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: As a private institution, SMU maintains strict anti-hazing policies and actively encourages reporting through its Office of Student Conduct and Community Standards, the SMU Police Department, and an anonymous reporting system (such as Report It). SMU defines hazing similarly to Texas state law, prohibiting any act that endangers mental or physical health for the purpose of initiation or membership. While private universities typically do not have the same public reporting requirements as public institutions, SMU remains committed to investigating allegations thoroughly and imposing appropriate sanctions.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: SMU has experienced multiple hazing incidents that highlight the challenges unique to its campus environment.

• Kappa Alpha Order in 2017: This fraternity faced significant disciplinary action following allegations of paddling, forced alcohol consumption, and sleep deprivation among new members. The chapter was suspended and subjected to strict limitations on its return, including extensive educational programming and restrictions on new member recruitment. This incident led to a multi-year absence of the chapter from campus.
• Other Greek organizations have faced various sanctions over the years, including probation, community service, and educational requirements for violations such as forced physical activities, personal servitude, and alcohol misuse during new member education periods. While SMU doesn’t publish an ongoing public list of violations akin to UT Austin, its commitment to addressing incidents is evident through its internal discipline.

How an SMU Hazing Case Might Proceed: A hazing case at SMU, as a private institution, could proceed differently than at a public university. Criminal investigations would involve the SMU Police Department and/or the Dallas Police Department, with charges potentially filed in Dallas County. Civil lawsuits would also typically be filed in Dallas County. Private universities generally do not have the same sovereign immunity protections as public institutions, which can sometimes simplify the path for plaintiffs seeking accountability directly from the university. Potential defendants would include individual students, the local chapter, the national organization, and SMU itself.

What SMU Students & Parents Should Do:

• Familiarize yourselves keenly with SMU’s student code of conduct and anti-hazing policies, which, while not always publicly visible in terms of specific past incidents, are strictly enforced.
• Utilize SMU’s anonymous reporting systems if you are hesitant to come forward directly, but be mindful that anonymity can limit the scope of investigation and legal action.
• Understand that as a private institution, SMU may handle investigations internally with less public transparency than a state university, which makes thorough personal documentation and timely legal counsel even more essential for Mississippi families.

Baylor University

Baylor University, a private Baptist university located in Waco, Texas, is known for its distinctive religious identity, strong academic programs, and passionate athletic culture. It attracts students from diverse backgrounds, including Mississippi, who are seeking a faith-based educational environment combined with a robust university experience. Baylor’s values-driven approach means it places a particular emphasis on conduct and community standards, including a clear prohibition against hazing.

Hazing Policy & Reporting: Baylor University’s anti-hazing policy aligns with Texas state law and explicitly prohibits any act that causes or is likely to cause physical or mental harm for initiation or membership in any student group. The policy, rooted in the university’s Christian mission, stresses the importance of dignity and respect for all students. Reporting is facilitated through the Dean of Students office, the Baylor University Police Department (BUPD), and an online reporting form. Baylor emphasizes a “zero-tolerance” approach to confirmed hazing and conducts thorough investigations, imposing strict penalties that can include suspension, expulsion, and loss of organizational recognition.

Selected Documented Incidents & Responses: Baylor has faced scrutiny over various student conduct issues, including hazing, which are often handled with a focus on institutional values.

• Baylor Baseball Hazing in 2020: Following an investigation into hazing allegations within the baseball program, 14 players were suspended, with suspensions staggered over the early season. The incidents reportedly involved forced alcohol consumption and demeaning acts. This incident highlighted that hazing issues can arise within athletic programs, despite a university’s strong behavioral guidelines.
• Greek life sanctions: While specific details of Greek hazing incidents are often less publicly broadcast than at state universities, Baylor has disciplined various fraternities and sororities over the years for violations of its anti-hazing policy. These sanctions have ranged from organizational probation and mandatory educational modules to social suspensions and, in severe cases, withdrawal of university recognition. These incidents typically involve activities like excessive physical demands, personal servitude, and inappropriate rituals during new member recruitment.

How a Baylor University Hazing Case Might Proceed: Criminal investigations at Baylor would involve BUPD and/or the Waco Police Department, with cases filed in McLennan County. Civil lawsuits for hazing incidents would also proceed in McLennan County courts. As a private university, Baylor does not benefit from sovereign immunity, making it a direct party for potential civil claims based on negligence. Legal cases against Baylor can often involve navigating the nuanced interplay between university policy, religious values, and state law. Potential defendants would include individual students, the local chapter, the national organization (for Greek life), and Baylor University itself.

What Baylor University Students & Parents Should Do:

• Understand Baylor’s specific conduct expectations as a faith-based institution and how its anti-hazing policy is integrated into its broader community values.
• Prioritize documented communication with university officials if you report an incident, keeping detailed records of who you spoke with, when, and what was discussed.
• If hazing allegations arise, Mississippi families should ensure that their child receives adequate support from both campus resources and, if necessary, from legal counsel who understands the complexities of private university litigation.

Fraternities & Sororities: Campus-Specific + National Histories

For Mississippi families, understanding the national history of a fraternity or sorority is just as important as knowing its local chapter’s reputation. Many of the organizations present at the University of Mississippi and other Texas universities are chapters of larger national bodies. These national organizations, including Pi Kappa Alpha, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Phi Delta Theta, Pi Kappa Phi, and Kappa Alpha Order, operate under national policies and-crucially-have national histories often marred by serious hazing incidents. This pattern of repeated misconduct across different campuses forms critical “pattern evidence” that can be invaluable in hazing litigation.

When a local chapter in Mississippi or Texas engages in hazing tactics that have injured or killed students at other chapters nationwide, it demonstrates foreseeability. The national organization cannot credibly claim ignorance or that the incident was an unforeseen “rogue act.” They have anti-hazing policies precisely because they have seen the consequences before.

Mississippi families need to know that Attorney911 meticulously researches these national histories to build compelling cases:

Pi Kappa Alpha (Pike)

National History: Pi Kappa Alpha has a deeply troubling national history marked by alcohol-related hazing deaths.

• Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University (2021): Perhaps the most prominent recent case, Foltz died from alcohol poisoning after being forced to consume a handle of alcohol during a Big/Little event. This incident resulted in multiple criminal convictions and a landmark $10 million settlement for the family ($7 million from Pike national and $3 million from BGSU).
• David Bogenberger – Northern Illinois University (2012): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning after severe hazing. His family was awarded a $14 million settlement split among those involved.
  What this means for local chapters in Mississippi and Texas: The repeated nature of these alcohol-related tragedies shows that the national fraternity has long been on notice about the dangers of forced drinking rituals. Any similar incident at a local chapter, including those that may exist at Ole Miss or other Texas schools, reinforces the argument that the national organization has failed to adequately prevent foreseeable harm.

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE)

National History: Sigma Alpha Epsilon has been labeled by some as “America’s deadliest fraternity” due to a tragic number of hazing-related deaths—many of which were alcohol-related—over the past two decades.

• Carson Starkey – Cal Poly (2008): Died from alcohol poisoning during a Big/Little event. His family’s subsequent advocacy led SAE to famously, albeit often without success, ban pledging nationwide in 2014.
• Noah Domingo – University of California, Irvine (2019): Another tragic alcohol-related hazing death.
• Traumatic Brain Injury Case (University of Alabama, 2023): A lawsuit alleged a pledge suffered a traumatic brain injury during a hazing ritual, highlighting the severe physical risks beyond alcohol.
• Chemical Burns Case (Texas A&M University, 2021): Two pledges suffered severe chemical burns after industrial-strength cleaner was poured on them. This case, closer to home for Mississippi families, demonstrates severe physical abuse.
  What this means for local chapters in Mississippi and Texas: The extensive national history of SAE’s hazing incidents, including those within Texas, would be a critical factor in any litigation against a local chapter or the national organization. It demonstrates a pattern of conduct and a failure to effectively implement their own anti-hazing policies, establishing a high degree of foreseeability.

Phi Delta Theta

National History: Phi Delta Theta has also been linked to severe hazing incidents, particularly concerning alcohol misuse.

• Max Gruver – Louisiana State University (2017): Gruver died from alcohol poisoning with a BAC of 0.495% during a “Bible study” drinking game. This case led to the Max Gruver Act in Louisiana (felony hazing) and a $6.1 million verdict against individual defendants.
  What this means for local chapters in Mississippi and Texas: The Gruver case underscores the lethal dangers of forced drinking rituals commonly found in Greek life. Any incident involving forced drinking at chapters at the Mississippi or Texas campuses would draw a direct parallel to this notorious national tragedy.

Pi Kappa Phi

National History: Pi Kappa Phi is another fraternity with a documented history of alcohol-related hazing fatalities.

• Andrew Coffey – Florida State University (2017): Coffey died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night,” where pledges were given handles of hard liquor.
  What this means for local chapters in Mississippi and Texas: Pi Kappa Phi’s involvement in a case like Coffey’s provides strong evidence of a national pattern that should have put the organization on high alert.

Kappa Alpha Order

National History: Kappa Alpha Order, known for its “Southern Gentleman” image, has also faced scrutiny for hazing incidents, often involving physical abuse and alcohol.

• University of Mississippi (1987): Harry (Skip) Cline Jr. died in an alcohol-related fall after a Big Brother-Little Brother party. While ruled accidental, the incident occurred after a party where pledges were encouraged to drink heavily.
• SMU (2017): The chapter was suspended after allegations of paddling, forced drinking, and sleep deprivation.
  What this means for local chapters in Mississippi and Texas: The Ole Miss incident and the SMU suspension demonstrate a recurring pattern within Kappa Alpha Order. Mississippi families should recognize that even organizations with long-standing traditions are not immune to hazing issues.

By examining these national histories, Attorney911 can demonstrate that hazing is not an isolated phenomenon or an unpredictable “accident.” Instead, it is often a foreseeable risk that institutions and national organizations are aware of but fail to adequately prevent. This analysis of pattern evidence and prior notice is crucial in building robust legal arguments for negligence, gross negligence, and, where applicable, punitive damages against all responsible parties.

Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

Building a successful hazing case requires a meticulous approach to evidence collection, a deep understanding of the types of damages recoverable, and a strategic legal plan. For Mississippi families facing a hazing incident, the process can be overwhelming, but Attorney911 is equipped with the expertise and resources to navigate these complexities. We leverage every piece of information to demonstrate negligence, causation, and the full extent of the harm suffered.

Evidence

Modern hazing cases are increasingly won or lost based on the quality and volume of digital evidence. We prioritize the preservation and collection of this critical information:

• Digital Communications: Group messaging apps like GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, and Snapchat are now the most vital sources of evidence. These platforms often contain direct instructions, threats, plans, and real-time commentary about hazing activities. We guide clients on how to properly screenshot entire conversations, ensuring timestamps and participant names are visible. Even messages designed to disappear can sometimes be recovered through digital forensics, but immediate screenshots are paramount.
• Photos & Videos: Participants often document hazing events for their own use, or they are captured by surveillance. This can include:
  • Content filmed by members during events, showing forced consumption, physical abuse, or humiliating acts.
  • Footage shared in group chats, posted on social media (even if quickly deleted), or recovered from cloud storage.
  • Surveillance footage from houses, venues, or nearby businesses can place individuals at the scene or show evidence of dangerous activities.
  • Photographs of injuries are critical: taken immediately after the incident, and then repeatedly over several days to document progression and severity. For scale and context, we recommend including a ruler or common object in photos.
• Internal Organization Documents: These can reveal a culture permissive of hazing or a direct mandate for it:
  • Pledge manuals, initiation scripts, or “tradition” documents that outline new member activities.
  • Emails or text messages from chapter officers, pledge masters, or advisors planning or discussing new member events.
  • National organization policies and training materials, which can expose a gap between written rules and actual practice.
• University Records: These public and academic records can show a pattern of negligence:
  • Prior conduct files for the same organization, detailing probation, suspensions, or warnings related to hazing.
  • Campus police incident reports involving the organization or its members.
  • Clery Act reports and other institutional disclosures that may indicate a pattern of safety failures.
  • Internal emails among university administrators, obtained via discovery, can reveal their knowledge of recurring issues.
• Medical and Psychological Records: These documents provide objective evidence of physical and mental harm:
  • Emergency room reports, ambulance records, hospitalization notes, and toxicology results (e.g., blood alcohol levels, drug tests).
  • Lab results indicating conditions like rhabdomyolysis (as in the Leonel Bermudez case at UH) or acute kidney failure.
  • Psychiatric evaluations and therapy records documenting PTSD, depression, anxiety, or other enduring psychological trauma.
• Witness Testimony: The accounts of individuals who observed or participated in the hazing are invaluable:
  • Other pledges, members, roommates, or bystanders who witnessed the events.
  • Former members who quit or were expelled for issues related to hazing.
  • Emergency responders and medical staff who observed the victim in the immediate aftermath.

Damages

When building a hazing case for Mississippi families, a comprehensive assessment of damages is critical to ensuring full compensation for all losses. These can be categorized as economic, non-economic, and, in tragic cases, wrongful death damages.

• Economic Damages (Quantifiable Financial Losses):

  • Medical Expenses: This includes past costs (ambulance, ER, hospital stays, medication, therapy) and projected future costs (ongoing specialist care, rehabilitation for permanent injuries, long-term psychiatric treatment for trauma through a life care plan). In severe cases like the Bermudez litigation, lifelong medical monitoring can be substantial.
  • Lost Income & Earning Capacity: Compensation for wages lost due to injury or recovery, as well as the long-term impact on future earning potential if hazing led to permanent disability or prevented completion of education.
  • Lost Educational Opportunities: Tuition for missed semesters, lost scholarships, and costs associated with transferring to another institution or a delayed career start.

• Non-Economic Damages (Subjective, but Legally Compensable):

  • Physical Pain & Suffering: Covering the actual physical discomfort experienced from injuries, and any chronic or long-term pain.
  • Emotional Distress & Psychological Harm: This includes diagnosed conditions like PTSD, depression, and anxiety, as well as profound humiliation, fear, loss of trust, and the mental anguish of enduring degrading acts. Stories from survivors highlight this as often the most debilitating aspect of hazing.
  • Loss of Enjoyment of Life: Compensating for the inability to participate in hobbies, sports, social activities, or to fully experience a normal college life due to the trauma.

• Wrongful Death Damages (For Surviving Families): In cases where hazing leads to death, families can recover:

  • Funeral and Burial Costs: Direct expenses related to the passing of their loved one.
  • Loss of Financial Support: If the deceased would have contributed to family income or supported dependents.
  • Loss of Companionship, Love, and Society: The profound emotional and relational loss suffered by parents, spouses, and children.
  • Grief and Mental Anguish: Compensation for the overwhelming emotional suffering of the family.

• Punitive Damages: In instances of particularly egregious, reckless, or malicious conduct, punitive damages may be awarded. These are not meant to compensate the victim but to punish the defendants and deter others from similar behavior. They are often sought when organizations have ignored prior warnings or acted with callous indifference, such as in many of the national cases discussed where institutions were aware of, but failed to address, recurring hazing.

Role of Different Defendants and Insurance Coverage

A key strategic element in hazing litigation is identifying all potential defendants and understanding their insurance coverage.

• National fraternities and universities often carry substantial insurance policies that may cover hazing-related liabilities. However, their insurers frequently attempt to deny coverage by arguing that hazing constitutes “intentional” or “criminal” acts, which are often excluded from standard policies.
• Experienced hazing lawyers are adept at challenging these exclusions. They argue that while the hazing itself might be intentional, the national organization’s or university’s negligent supervision, failure to enforce policies, or insufficient oversight is the root cause, an act of negligence that can be covered by insurance.
• Identifying all potential sources of insurance (chapter policies, homeowner’s policies of individual members, national policies, university umbrella policies) is crucial. Lupe Peña’s background as a former insurance defense attorney (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/) is particularly valuable here, as she intimately understands the tactics insurers use to deny claims and how to counter them effectively.

Attorney911 approaches each case with a clear strategy, knowing that uncovering all layers of liability and challenging insurance denials are vital for maximizing accountability and recovery for families in Mississippi and throughout Texas.

Practical Guides & FAQs

For Parents

For parents in Mississippi, recognizing the subtle and overt signs of hazing is the first step toward protecting your child. College life can be demanding, but certain changes warrant immediate attention.

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Being Hazed

Physical signs:

• Unexplained injuries such as bruises, burns, cuts, or sprains, especially if your child is vague or inconsistent about how they occurred.
• Extreme fatigue and exhaustion that goes beyond normal academic stress.
• Noticeable weight loss or gain, possibly due to forced food/water restriction or stress-induced eating changes.
• Chronic sleep deprivation, evident from constant late-night activities and difficulty staying awake.
• Development of skin irritations, rashes, or chemical burns.
• Visible signs of alcohol poisoning or drug use, even in a child who typically avoids such substances.

Behavioral & emotional changes:

• Sudden secrecy about the organization, often accompanied by phrases like, “I can’t talk about it,” or “It’s a secret.”
• Withdrawal from family, old friends, or non-organizational activities.
• Pronounced personality shifts such as increased anxiety, depression, irritability, or anger.
• Becoming defensive or angry when asked about Greek life activities.
• An intense fear of “getting in trouble” or “letting the chapter down.”
• Obsessive need to please older members or comply with their demands.
• Comments like, “Everyone did it before me,” or “I just have to get through this part.”

Academic red flags:

• Sudden and significant drop in grades.
• Missing classes or consistently falling asleep during lectures.
• Skipping exams or assignments to attend “mandatory” organizational events.
• Loss of scholarships due to declining academic performance.

Financial red flags:

• Unexpected and unexplained demands for money, often described as “fines” or “dues” far exceeding advertised costs.
• Purchasing excessive amounts of alcohol or other items for older members.
• Increased spending or unusual requests for financial assistance without clear justification.

Digital/social behavior:

• Anxiety or immediate responsiveness to phone notifications, especially related to group chats.
• Obsessive deletion of messages or browser history.
• Social media posts or stories showing humiliating acts.
• New use of location-sharing apps (e.g., Find My Friends, Life360) demanded by the organization.

How to Talk to Your Child

If you suspect hazing, approach the conversation with care and empathy:

• Ask open-ended questions: “How are things going with [organization]? Are you enjoying it?”
• Focus on their well-being: “Have they been respectful of your time for academics and rest?”
• Encourage honesty: “Is there anything that makes you uncomfortable?”
• Reassure support: “Remember, your safety is my top priority, and I’m here for you no matter what.”
  If your child shares information, listen without judgment. If they shut down, respect their space but continue to monitor their situation closely.

If Your Child is Hurt

• Prioritize medical care: If there are injuries or signs of severe intoxication, seek medical attention immediately. Insist that medical staff document the injuries as potentially hazing-related.
• Document everything: Screenshot all digital communications (texts, group chats, social media posts). Take clear, dated photos of any injuries from multiple angles. Write down a detailed account of what happened, including dates, times, locations, and names of individuals involved.
• Preserve physical evidence: Keep any clothing worn during the incident, as well as any relevant receipts or physical objects related to the hazing.

Dealing with the University

• Communicate strategically: If you decide to contact the university, document every conversation, including names, dates, and summaries. Be prepared for university officials to potentially favor the institution’s reputation.
• Inquire about prior incidents: Ask specifically whether the organization has any prior hazing violations or disciplinary actions.
• Know your rights: Understand that the university’s internal investigation and disciplinary process is separate from any criminal or civil legal action.

When to Talk to a Lawyer

• If your child has suffered significant physical or psychological harm, or if you believe their safety is at risk, contact an experienced hazing attorney immediately. Legal counsel can help preserve evidence, navigate university investigations, and protect your child from retaliation.

For Students / Pledges

For students in Mississippi considering joining a fraternity, sorority, or other campus organization, it’s essential to recognize hazing for what it is and understand your rights.

Is This Hazing or Just Tradition?

Ask yourself these critical questions:

• Am I being forced or pressured to do something I don’t want to do?
• Would older members be doing this activity themselves, or only new members?
• Does this activity involve alcohol, sleep deprivation, physical exertion, or humiliation?
• Would I feel comfortable sharing details of this activity with my parents, a professor, or a university official?
• Am I being told to keep this activity secret from outsiders?
  If you answer “yes” to any of these, it’s likely hazing, regardless of how it’s labeled.

Why “Consent” Isn’t the End of the Story

Hazing involves a power imbalance. Your “consent” is often coerced through peer pressure, the fear of exclusion, or the desire to belong. Texas law recognizes this, stating explicitly that consent is not a defense to hazing. You cannot truly consent to illegal or harmful acts when under duress.

Exiting and Reporting Safely

• Prioritize your safety. If you are in immediate danger, call 911.
• You have the right to withdraw from any organization at any time without penalty. You can notify the organization’s regional or national office if you do not feel comfortable telling the local chapter.
• Document everything. Keep detailed records, screenshots of messages, and any other evidence of hazing.
• Anonymous reporting is often available through campus hotlines or national resources like 1-888-NOT-HAZE.

Good-Faith Reporting and Amnesty

Texas law, and many university policies, provide immunity or leniency for individuals who report hazing in good faith or call for medical help in an emergency, even if they were also involved or underage. Your safety and the safety of others must come first.

For Former Members / Witnesses

If you are a former member or a witness to hazing, you have a unique and crucial role in achieving justice and preventing future incidents.

• Your testimony and evidence can be instrumental in holding perpetrators and institutions accountable.
• Legal protections may be available for witnesses who testify or provide information in hazing cases.
• Consult with an attorney to understand your rights and potential legal implications. Your cooperation can save lives and contribute to a safer campus environment.

Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

For families in Mississippi considering legal action for hazing, avoiding common missteps is just as crucial as gathering evidence. These errors, often made with good intentions, can severely undermine your case and make it harder to achieve justice.

MISTAKES THAT CAN RUIN YOUR HAZING CASE:

1. Letting your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

   • What parents think: “I don’t want them to get in more trouble.”
   • Why it’s wrong: This can be seen as an attempt to obstruct justice or cover up wrongdoing, which reflects poorly on your child and the integrity of the case. It also destroys the most valuable evidence you might have.
   • What to do instead: Preserve everything immediately, even embarrassing content. Your attorney will know how to present this information effectively while protecting your child. You can watch Attorney911’s video on using your phone to document evidence (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs) for best practices.

2. Confronting the fraternity/sorority directly

   • What parents think: “I’m going to give them a piece of my mind.”
   • Why it’s wrong: A direct confrontation often leads to the immediate destruction of evidence, coaching of witnesses, and preparation of defenses by the organization and its members. It can also endanger your child further or invite retaliation.
   • What to do instead: Document everything in secret, then call a lawyer before any direct confrontation.

3. Signing university “release” or “resolution” forms without legal counsel

   • What universities do: Universities often pressure families to sign agreements or participate in “internal resolutions” quickly, especially to manage public relations.
   • Why it’s wrong: Such agreements may contain clauses that waive your right to pursue further legal action, and any “settlement” offered is likely far below the true value of your case.
   • What to do instead: Do NOT sign anything from the university or an insurance representative without an attorney reviewing it first.

4. Posting details on social media before talking to a lawyer

   • What families think: “I want people to know what happened.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Anything posted publicly can be used by defense attorneys to discredit your child, create apparent inconsistencies in their story, or claim privilege waivers. It can also make it harder to settle confidentially.
   • What to do instead: Document privately and share only with your attorney. Let your legal team control public messaging strategically.

5. Letting your child go back to “one last meeting” or “talk it out”

   • What organizations suggest: “Come talk to us before you do anything drastic; let’s resolve this internally.”
   • Why it’s wrong: These meetings are often designed to pressure, intimidate, or extract statements that can later be used against your child.
   • What to do instead: Once you are considering legal action, all communication from the organization should be directed to your lawyer.

6. Waiting “to see how the university handles it”

   • What universities promise: “We’re investigating, let us handle this internally to protect your child.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, and the statute of limitations continues to run. University investigations often prioritize avoiding liability and managing public image over full accountability or justice for victims. The university process is separate from potential civil action.
   • What to do instead: Preserve evidence NOW and consult a lawyer immediately.

7. Talking to insurance adjusters without a lawyer

   • What adjusters say: “We just need your statement to process the claim and get you compensation.”
   • Why it’s wrong: Recorded statements can be used to minimize claims, and early settlement offers are almost always lowball. Adjusters represent the insurance company’s interests, not yours.
   • What to do instead: Politely decline to speak and inform them that your attorney will be in contact. Watch Attorney911’s video on client mistakes that can ruin your injury case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY) for more crucial insights.

Short FAQ

“Can I sue a university for hazing in Mississippi?”

Yes, under certain circumstances. In Mississippi, public universities like the University of Mississippi may have some sovereign immunity protection against certain claims, meaning they are shielded from lawsuits unless specific conditions are met. However, exceptions can apply for gross negligence, willful misconduct by employees, or when federal laws like Title IX are violated. Private universities generally have fewer immunity protections. Every case depends on its specific facts – contact Attorney911 at 1-888-ATTY-911 for a case-specific analysis.

“Is hazing a felony in Mississippi?”

Hazing can be a felony in Mississippi. Mississippi law (Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-85) defines hazing and its penalties. While typical hazing might be a misdemeanor, if it results in substantial bodily harm or death, the charges can escalate to felony levels. Individuals who direct, participate in, or allow hazing can face criminal charges. It’s crucial for Mississippi families to understand that criminal responsibility can be significant.

“Can my child bring a case if they ‘agreed’ to the initiation?”

Yes. Mississippi law, like Texas law, explicitly states that consent is not a defense to hazing charges or a civil lawsuit. Courts recognize that “agreement” under duress, peer pressure, or fear of exclusion is not true voluntary consent. Your child is a victim, regardless of perceived “agreement.”

“How long do we have to file a hazing lawsuit in Mississippi?”

Generally, the statute of limitations for personal injury and wrongful death lawsuits in Mississippi is three years from the date of the injury or death (Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-49). However, specific circumstances, such as a victim being a minor or a deliberate cover-up, may extend this period (discovery rule or tolling for minors). Time is critical as evidence disappears and witness memories fade. Call 1-888-ATTY-911 immediately for a precise analysis of your deadlines.

“What if the hazing happened off-campus or at a private house in Mississippi?”

The location of hazing—whether off-campus, in a private residence, or at a remote event—does not eliminate liability. Universities and national organizations can still be held responsible based on their knowledge, control, sponsorship of the organization, and foreseeability of the event. Many landmark hazing cases across the country involving severe injury or death have occurred off-campus, and those responsible were still held accountable. This applies similarly to incidents in Mississippi.

“Will this be confidential, or will my child’s name be in the news?”

The decision to pursue legal action, including whether to keep details confidential or make them public, rests with the family. Most hazing cases, particularly those involving confidential settlements, are resolved outside of court. Our priority is to protect your family’s privacy while aggressively pursuing accountability and justice. We’ll discuss all options and strategies to control the narrative.

About The Manginello Law Firm + Call to Action

When your family faces a hazing crisis, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. At The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC, operating as Attorney911, we are your Legal Emergency Lawyers™, prepared to stand with families from Mississippi and across Texas, offering unparalleled expertise in hazing litigation.

Why Attorney911 for Hazing Cases:

From our Houston offices, we serve families throughout Texas, specifically including those in Mississippi and the surrounding areas. We recognize that hazing at institutions like the University of Mississippi, University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, or Baylor can profoundly impact students from every corner of the state.

Our firm brings a unique blend of experience and insight to these complex cases:

• Insurance Insider Advantage: Lupe Peña, one of our key attorneys, previously worked as an insurance defense attorney at a national firm (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/). This background provides us with invaluable insight into how fraternity, sorority, and university insurance companies analyze, value, and defend against hazing claims. We know their playbook, their delay tactics, and their strategies for denying coverage—because we used to run them. This knowledge gives us a critical advantage in negotiating for the maximum compensation your family deserves.
• Complex Litigation Against Massive Institutions: Ralph Manginello, our managing partner (https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/), has extensive experience in high-stakes litigation, including his involvement in cases emerging from the notorious BP Texas City explosion. Our federal court experience in the U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas, means we are not intimidated by national fraternities, multi-billion-dollar universities, or their formidable defense teams. We fight with the same rigor whether facing a Fortune 500 company or a powerful national Greek organization.
• Multi-Million Dollar Wrongful Death and Catastrophic Injury Experience: Our firm has a proven track record of achieving multi-million-dollar results in wrongful death and catastrophic injury cases (https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/). We understand how to quantify not just current medical bills, but also the lifetime care needs for severe injuries like traumatic brain injury or organ damage, working with economists and life care planners to ensure that the compensation thoroughly covers every aspect of your family’s suffering and future needs.
• Comprehensive Hazing Expertise: We understand the nuances of hazing culture, how various organizations operate (Greek life, Corps of Cadets, athletic teams), and the psychological impact on victims. Our investigative approach is thorough, utilizing digital forensics experts to recover deleted messages, and working with medical and psychological professionals to document both physical and emotional trauma. Ralph’s membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association (HCCLA) also ensures we are adept at navigating the intersection of criminal hazing charges and civil liability.
• Empathy and Advocacy: We know that a hazing incident is one of the most devastating experiences a family can face. Our approach is rooted in profound empathy, ensuring we listen to your story without judgment while fiercely advocating for your child’s rights. We are not just about legal battles; we are about getting answers, holding those responsible accountable, and helping to prevent such tragedies from happening to another family. We aim for real accountability, not just quick, lowball settlements.

If you or your child experienced hazing at the University of Mississippi, or any other institution in Mississippi or Texas, we want to hear from you. Families in Mississippi and throughout the surrounding region have the right to answers and accountability.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a confidential, no-obligation consultation. We’ll listen to what happened, explain your legal options, and help you decide on the best path forward. Here’s what you can expect during your free consultation:

• We’ll listen to your story, without judgment, while treating your experiences with the utmost respect.
• We’ll review any evidence you have collected (photos, texts, medical records).
• We’ll explain your potential legal options, including criminal reporting, civil lawsuits, or both.
• We’ll discuss realistic timelines and what to expect from the legal process.
• We’ll answer your questions about costs – with our contingency fee structure, we don’t get paid unless we win your case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc).
• You will feel no pressure to hire us on the spot – we encourage you to take your time to make the best decision for your family.
• Everything you share with us is held in strict confidence.

Whether you’re in Mississippi or anywhere across Texas, if hazing has impacted your family, you don’t have to face this alone. Learn about the statute of limitations for personal injury cases (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c) and critical mistakes to avoid that can ruin your case (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY).

Call us today.

Contact Information:

• Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
• Direct: (713) 528-9070
• Cell: (713) 443-4781
• Website: https://attorney911.com
• Email: ralph@atty911.com

Spanish-language services:

• Hablamos Español – Contact Lupe Peña at lupe@atty911.com for a confidential consultation in Spanish. Servicios legales en español disponibles.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Mississippi attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com

COMPLETE MISSISSIPPI UNIVERSITY DIRECTORY

Attorney911 tracks every higher education institution in Mississippi. For reference:

• Alcorn State University | Alcorn State, Claiborne County | Public University
• Blue Mountain Christian University | Blue Mountain, Tippah County | Private Non-Profit
• Delta State University | Cleveland, Bolivar County | Public University
• Mississippi College | Clinton, Hinds County | Private Non-Profit
• Mississippi University for Women | Columbus, Lowndes County | Public University
• University of Southern Mississippi | Hattiesburg, Forrest County | Public University
• William Carey University | Hattiesburg, Forrest County | Private Non-Profit
• Rust College | Holly Springs, Marshall County | Private Non-Profit
• Mississippi Valley State University | Itta Bena, Leflore County | Public University
• Belhaven University | Jackson, Hinds County | Private Non-Profit
• Board of Trustees-Mississippi State Institutions of Higher Learning | Jackson, Hinds County | Public University
• Jackson State University | Jackson, Hinds County | Public University
• Millsaps College | Jackson, Hinds County | Private Non-Profit
• Strayer University-Mississippi | Jackson, Hinds County | Private For-Profit
• Southeastern Baptist College | Laurel, Jones County | Private Non-Profit
• Mississippi State University | Mississippi State, Oktibbeha County | Public University
• Wesley Biblical Seminary | Ridgeland, Madison County | Private Non-Profit
• Tougaloo College | Tougaloo, Madison County | Private Non-Profit
• University of Mississippi | University, Lafayette County | Public University

COMPLETE MISSISSIPPI GREEK ORGANIZATION DIRECTORY

Attorney911 tracks every IRS-registered fraternity and sorority in Mississippi:

• AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN AAUW BLUE MOUNTAIN BRANCH | EIN: 64-6025970 | BOONEVILLE, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• LEONARD HOLLAND MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIP | EIN: 64-0938931 | CALHOUN CITY, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• OMEGA PSI PHI FRATERNITY | EIN: 64-0857984 | CANTON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• SIGMA GAMMA RHO SORORITY INC | EIN: 64-0664004 | CLINTON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• TAU UPSILON ZETA CHAPTER OF ZETA PHI SORORITY INCORPORATED | EIN: 83-0404275 | CLINTON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• EPSILON NU CHAPTER OF KAPPA SIGMA HOUSE CORPORATION | EIN: 84-2394161 | HATTIESBURG, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• LOUISIANA ALPHA CHAPTER OF PHI KAPPA PSI FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 72-1298700 | HATTIESBURG, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• MISSISSIPPI SIGMA CHAPTER OF SIGMA ALPHA EPSILON | EIN: 93-2360390 | HATTIESBURG, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• ZETA OMICRON CHAPTER OF KAPPA ALPHA PSI FRATERNITY INC | EIN: 23-7279621 | HOLLY SPRINGS, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• ALPHA UPSILON CHAPTER HOUSE CORP | EIN: 58-2258985 | JACKSON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• HOUSE CORPORATION OF CHI DELTA CHAPTER OF CHI OMEGA FRATERNITY | EIN: 30-0623897 | JACKSON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• MISSISSIPPI DELTA CHAPTER OF SIGMA ALPHA EPSILON | EIN: 64-0765445 | JACKSON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• PHI THETA KAPPA FRATERNITY | EIN: 58-1977983 | JACKSON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• PHI THETA KAPPA HONOR SOCIETY | EIN: 61-1803277 | JACKSON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• PHI THETA KAPPA HONOR SOCIETY | EIN: 30-1007636 | JACKSON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• THE DELTA CHI OF KAPPA SIGMA ALUMNI HOUSE CORPORATION | EIN: 20-3849680 | JACKSON, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• PHI DELTA KAPPA INTERNATIONAL INC | EIN: 64-0701677 | MEADVILLE, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• BETA ETA ETA CHAPTER OF CHI ETA PHI SORORITY INCORPORATED | EIN: 81-4582572 | MENDENHALL, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• SIGMA PHI EPSILON FRATERNITY MISSISSIPPI BETA CHAPTER | EIN: 64-0338531 | MISSISSIPPI STATE, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• EPSILON ETA CHAPTER OF ALPHA DELTA PI HOUSE CORPORATION | EIN: 46-3935848 | MS STATE, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• SIGMA NU FRATERNITY | EIN: 23-7305894 | MS STATE, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• ALPHA LAMBDA CHAPTER | EIN: 46-3932229 | OXFORD, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• DELTA SIGMA CHAPTER OF ALPHA DELTA PI HOUSE CORPORATION | EIN: 47-4051390 | OXFORD, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• TAU OF CHI OMEGA FRATERNITY HOUSE CORPORATION | EIN: 23-7160987 | OXFORD, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• ZETA PHI BETA SORORITY INC | EIN: 41-2151409 | RIDGELAND, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• HONOR SOCIETY OF PHI KAPPA PHI | EIN: 90-0293163 | UNIVERSITY, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)
• HOUSE CORPORATION OF EPSILON XI CHAPTER OF SIGMA NU | EIN: 88-2444294 | UNIVERSITY, MS | Greek Organization (IRS B83)