Hazing in Texas: A Comprehensive Guide for Anderson County Families

When Tradition Turns Deadly: The Reality of Hazing at Texas Universities

It’s a late September evening in College Station. Your son, a freshman at Texas A&M, texts you that he’s “just hanging out with the guys” at a fraternity house. What he doesn’t tell you is that he’s been awake for 36 hours straight, forced to perform hundreds of push-ups until his muscles scream in pain, and pressured to chug a handle of vodka while older members chant and film on their phones. By midnight, he’s vomiting repeatedly in a bathroom while fraternity brothers joke about how “weak” he is. By morning, he’s in the ICU with rhabdomyolysis—a life-threatening condition where muscle breakdown floods his kidneys with toxins.

This isn’t a hypothetical scenario. It’s a pattern we’ve seen repeatedly at Texas universities—including right here in the Brazos Valley, where Anderson County families send their children to Texas A&M, Blinn College, and other regional schools. The same patterns play out at the University of Houston, where Leonel Bermudez nearly died from kidney failure after a brutal Pi Kappa Phi hazing ritual in 2025, and at UT Austin, where Sigma Alpha Epsilon pledges suffered chemical burns during forced endurance tests.

If you’re reading this, you may already suspect something is wrong. Maybe your child has unexplained bruises, seems exhausted all the time, or keeps making excuses about “mandatory” late-night events. Maybe you’ve heard whispers about “Big/Little” nights or “workouts” that sound more like torture than tradition. Or perhaps the unthinkable has already happened—your child is in the hospital, or worse, you’re planning a funeral.

This guide is for you. We’ll explain what hazing really looks like in 2025 (it’s not just paddling and beer chugs), walk you through Texas hazing laws, show you how major national cases apply to Texas families, and detail what’s been happening at Texas A&M, UH, UT, SMU, and Baylor. Most importantly, we’ll give you clear, actionable steps to protect your child and hold the right people accountable.

At The Manginello Law Firm (Attorney911), we’ve seen firsthand how hazing destroys lives and families. We’re currently representing Leonel Bermudez in his $10 million lawsuit against the University of Houston and Pi Kappa Phi, and we’ve helped families across Texas navigate these complex cases. If you suspect hazing has harmed your child, call us immediately at 1-888-ATTY-911. We’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™—because when your child is in danger, every minute counts.

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like

Beyond the Stereotypes: Modern Hazing Tactics

Most parents imagine hazing as something out of an old movie—blindfolded pledges being paddled while reciting fraternity creeds. The reality is far more insidious, sophisticated, and dangerous. In 2025, hazing has evolved to avoid detection while inflicting maximum harm—both physical and psychological.

Hazing isn’t just a “fraternity problem.” It happens in sororities, Corps of Cadets programs, athletic teams, marching bands, spirit organizations, and even some service clubs. At Texas A&M, we’ve seen cases in the Corps of Cadets where cadets were bound in degrading positions for hours. At UH, spirit groups have faced discipline for alcohol-fueled initiation rituals. And at UT Austin, athletic teams have been investigated for forced endurance tests that left students hospitalized.

Hazing thrives on secrecy, tradition, and the false belief that “everyone went through it.” But make no mistake: hazing is abuse, and it’s illegal in Texas.

The Three Tiers of Hazing (And Why “Subtle” Hazing Is Still Dangerous)

Researchers classify hazing into three tiers. While Tier 3 (violent hazing) makes headlines, Tier 1 and Tier 2 create the psychological foundation that allows violent hazing to flourish.

Tier 1: Subtle Hazing (The Foundation of Abuse)

These behaviors seem harmless but establish power imbalances and normalize mistreatment:

• 24/7 servitude: Pledges act as personal assistants—driving members around at all hours, cleaning rooms, doing laundry, running errands.
• Digital control: Constant group chat monitoring where pledges must respond immediately to messages, even at 3 AM.
• Social isolation: Banned from talking to non-members, required to get permission to socialize with friends outside the organization.
• Deception: Told to lie to parents, university officials, or medical professionals about injuries or activities.
• “Optional” tasks: Framed as voluntary but with implicit threats—”If you don’t do this, you won’t get your Big.”
• Public humiliation: Forced to wear degrading costumes, sing embarrassing songs, or perform stunts in public.

Why it matters: Tier 1 hazing desensitizes victims to mistreatment and creates a culture where escalation feels normal. It also makes victims hesitant to report—after all, “it’s not that bad.”

Tier 2: Harassment Hazing (Emotional and Physical Abuse)

These behaviors cause clear emotional distress and physical discomfort:

• Sleep deprivation: Late-night “meetings,” 3 AM wake-up calls for “tasks,” multi-day events with minimal sleep.
• Food/water restriction: Limited meals, forced consumption of unpleasant substances (spoiled food, hot sauce, excessive amounts of bland food like milk or bread).
• Extreme physical activity: “Smokings” with hundreds of push-ups, wall sits until collapse, forced runs in extreme heat or cold.
• Verbal abuse: Yelling, screaming, insults, threats of expulsion or social ostracization.
• Public humiliation: “Roasts” where members verbally tear down pledges, forced to perform degrading acts in front of others.
• Exposure to disgusting conditions: Forced to lie in vomit, sleep in filthy rooms, or endure extreme temperatures.

Real Texas example: At Texas A&M, Sigma Alpha Epsilon pledges were allegedly covered in substances including industrial-strength cleaner, causing severe chemical burns that required skin graft surgeries. The fraternity was suspended, and lawsuits followed.

Tier 3: Violent Hazing (Life-Threatening Abuse)

These behaviors have high potential for severe injury or death:

• Forced alcohol/drug consumption:
  • “Lineup” drinking games where pledges must chug alcohol until they pass out.
  • Big/Little reveal nights with handles of hard liquor (like the UH Pi Kappa Phi case that hospitalized Leonel Bermudez).
  • “Bible study” or trivia games where wrong answers = forced drinking (like the LSU Phi Delta Theta case that killed Max Gruver).
• Physical beatings:
  • Paddling with wooden boards (common in NPHC organizations, despite national bans).
  • Punches, kicks, slaps (documented in multiple Texas cases).
  • “Glass ceiling” rituals where pledges are blindfolded and tackled (like the Baruch College Pi Delta Psi case that resulted in a fatal head injury).
• Dangerous physical tests:
  • Forced fights (“gladiator” matches).
  • Jumping from heights, swimming while intoxicated, dangerous driving.
  • Extreme endurance tests (100+ push-ups, 500 squats under threat of expulsion—exactly what Leonel Bermudez endured at UH).
• Sexualized hazing:
  • Forced nudity or partial nudity.
  • Simulated sexual acts (“roasted pig” positions, “elephant walks”).
  • Sexual assault or coercion (documented in multiple national cases, including athletic programs).
• Racist/homophobic hazing:
  • Use of racial slurs, forced role-playing of stereotypes.
  • Degrading acts targeting minority members.
• Kidnapping/restraint:
  • Blindfolded transportation to remote locations (common in “retreat” hazing).
  • Being tied up, hog-tied, or physically restrained (like the Texas A&M Corps case where a cadet was bound for hours).
• Fire/burn hazing:
  • San Diego State Phi Kappa Psi case where a pledge was set on fire during a “skit,” suffering third-degree burns over 16% of his body.

Real Texas example: In 2025, Leonel Bermudez was hospitalized for four days with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure after a brutal Pi Kappa Phi “workout” at UH. The fraternity forced pledges through 100+ push-ups, 500 squats, and creed recitation under threat of expulsion. When Bermudez couldn’t stand, members sprayed him in the face with a hose “similar to waterboarding” and threatened actual waterboarding. Another pledge was hog-tied face-down on a table with an object in his mouth for over an hour. The chapter was suspended and later voted to surrender its charter—but the damage was already done.

Where Hazing Happens: Beyond the Fraternity House

Hazing doesn’t just occur in fraternity basements. In Texas, we’ve seen hazing at:

• Off-campus houses and Airbnbs: Fraternities often move hazing to private rentals to avoid campus security cameras. The Pi Kappa Phi hazing that injured Leonel Bermudez happened at both the UH chapter house and a Culmore Drive residence owned by a former member.
• Retreat locations: Remote cabins, lodges, or rural properties (like the Pi Delta Psi retreat where Chun “Michael” Deng died).
• Athletic facilities: Locker rooms, weight rooms, team buses. The Northwestern football scandal revealed widespread sexualized hazing in the program.
• Marching band practices: The Florida A&M marching band hazing death led to a $1 million settlement with the university.
• Corps of Cadets programs: Texas A&M’s Corps has faced multiple hazing lawsuits, including one where a cadet was bound in a “roasted pig” position.
• Spirit organizations: UT Austin’s “Absolute Texxas” spirit group was disciplined for hazing including alcohol/drug misconduct and kidnapping.
• Service clubs and honor societies: Even organizations that seem harmless can have dangerous initiation rituals.

The Digital Dimension: How Technology Fuels Modern Hazing

Smartphones haven’t eliminated hazing—they’ve made it more sophisticated and harder to escape.

• 24/7 group chat control: Pledges are added to GroupMe, WhatsApp, or Discord chats where they must respond instantly to messages at all hours. Failure to respond can result in punishment or expulsion.
• Geo-tracking: Some organizations require pledges to share their location via Find My Friends or Snapchat Maps.
• Social media humiliation: Forced TikTok challenges, Instagram story dares, or public shaming posts.
• Livestreamed hazing: Members film degrading acts and share them in private group chats.
• “Meme culture” hazing: Creating and sharing memes that mock specific pledges.
• Evidence destruction: Members delete chats or use apps with disappearing messages (Snapchat, Instagram vanish mode).

Critical warning: If your child is involved in hazing, do not let them delete messages or “clean up” their phone. These digital communications are often the most powerful evidence in hazing cases. Screenshot everything immediately and back it up to cloud storage.

Law & Liability Framework: Texas Hazing Laws and Your Rights

Texas Hazing Law Basics (Education Code §§ 37.151–37.157)

Texas has specific anti-hazing laws in the Education Code that apply to all public and private colleges, universities, and secondary schools. Here’s what you need to know:

What Counts as Hazing in Texas?

Hazing is defined as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, by one person alone or with others, directed against a student, that:

1. Endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a student, AND
2. Occurs for the purpose of pledging, initiation into, affiliation with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in any organization whose members include students.

Key points:

• Location doesn’t matter: Hazing is illegal whether it happens on campus, at a fraternity house, or at a remote retreat.
• Mental or physical harm: The law covers both physical injuries (beatings, forced drinking) and psychological harm (humiliation, intimidation).
• Intent requirement: The person doesn’t have to mean to cause harm—”reckless” conduct is enough. If they knew the risk and did it anyway, it’s hazing.
• “Consent is not a defense”: Texas Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states that even if the victim “agreed” to the activity, it’s still hazing. Courts recognize that “consent” under peer pressure and fear of exclusion isn’t true voluntary consent.

Criminal Penalties for Hazing in Texas

Hazing is a criminal offense in Texas, with penalties that escalate based on severity:

• Class B misdemeanor (default): Up to 180 days in jail and a $2,000 fine.
• Class A misdemeanor: If the hazing causes injury that requires medical treatment.
• State jail felony: If the hazing causes serious bodily injury or death.

Additional criminal penalties:

• Failing to report hazing: If you’re a member or officer and you know about hazing, failing to report it is a Class B misdemeanor.
• Retaliating against someone who reports hazing: A separate Class B misdemeanor.

Organizational Liability

Organizations themselves (fraternities, sororities, clubs, teams) can be criminally prosecuted if:

• The organization authorized or encouraged the hazing, OR
• An officer or member acting in official capacity knew about the hazing and failed to report it.

Penalties for organizations:

• Fines up to $10,000 per violation.
• Universities can revoke recognition and ban the organization from campus.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases: What’s the Difference?

Hazing cases often involve both criminal and civil legal actions. Here’s how they differ:

Criminal Cases

• Brought by: The state (prosecutor).
• Goal: Punishment (jail time, fines, probation).
• Standard of proof: “Beyond a reasonable doubt” (very high standard).
• Possible charges:
  • Hazing offenses (misdemeanor or felony, depending on severity).
  • Furnishing alcohol to minors.
  • Assault or battery.
  • Manslaughter or criminally negligent homicide (in fatal cases).
  • Obstruction of justice (if evidence was destroyed or witnesses were intimidated).

Example: In the UH Pi Kappa Phi case, multiple fraternity members face criminal charges for their roles in Leonel Bermudez’s hospitalization.

Civil Cases

• Brought by: Victims or surviving family members.
• Goal: Monetary compensation and accountability.
• Standard of proof: “Preponderance of the evidence” (more likely than not).
• Possible legal theories:
  • Negligence: Failure to exercise reasonable care to prevent harm.
  • Gross negligence: Reckless disregard for safety (can lead to punitive damages).
  • Wrongful death: If hazing results in death.
  • Negligent hiring/supervision: If the organization failed to properly vet or monitor members.
  • Premises liability: If the hazing occurred on unsafe property.
  • Intentional infliction of emotional distress: For extreme and outrageous conduct.
  • Assault and battery: For physical harm.

Example: Leonel Bermudez’s family filed a $10 million civil lawsuit against UH, Pi Kappa Phi national, the local chapter, and 13 individual members for negligence and gross negligence.

Can Both Types of Cases Happen at the Same Time?

Yes. Criminal and civil cases often run simultaneously, and a criminal conviction can strengthen a civil case. However, a criminal conviction is not required to pursue a civil lawsuit.

Federal Overlay: Stop Campus Hazing Act, Title IX, and Clery

Texas law isn’t the only legal framework that applies to hazing. Federal laws add additional layers of accountability:

Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024)

This federal law requires colleges and universities that receive federal funding to:

• Report hazing incidents more transparently (public annual reports).
• Strengthen hazing education and prevention programs.
• Maintain public hazing data (phased in by around 2026).

Why it matters for Texas families: This law increases transparency and creates a paper trail that can be used in civil lawsuits to show what universities knew and when they knew it.

Title IX (Sex Discrimination)

Title IX is a federal law that prohibits sex discrimination in education. It applies when hazing involves:

• Sexual harassment or assault.
• Gender-based hostility (e.g., degrading women, forcing men to perform hyper-masculine acts).
• Pregnancy discrimination (e.g., punishing pregnant members).

Example: If hazing involves forced nudity, simulated sexual acts, or sexual assault, Title IX obligations are triggered. Universities can be held liable for failing to address a hostile environment.

Clery Act (Campus Safety Reporting)

The Clery Act requires colleges to:

• Report certain crimes (including hazing-related assaults, alcohol violations, and drug crimes).
• Maintain and publish annual security reports.
• Issue timely warnings about ongoing threats.

Why it matters: Clery reports can provide evidence of prior hazing incidents on campus, showing that the university had notice of the problem.

Who Can Be Held Liable in a Civil Hazing Lawsuit?

Hazing cases often involve multiple defendants. Here’s who can be held accountable:

1. Individual Students

• Active participants: Those who planned, supplied alcohol, carried out hazing acts, or helped cover them up.
• Officers and leaders: Chapter presidents, pledge educators, risk managers—those in positions of authority who allowed or encouraged hazing.
• Bystanders: Those who were present and did nothing to stop the hazing (though liability is harder to prove).

Example: In the UH Pi Kappa Phi case, 13 individual members were named as defendants, including the chapter president, pledgemaster, sorority relations chair, and risk manager.

2. Local Chapter / Organization

• The fraternity, sorority, club, or team itself (if it’s a legal entity).
• Individuals acting as officers can create liability for the entire organization.

3. National Fraternity/Sorority

• The national headquarters that sets policies, receives dues, and supervises chapters.
• Liability depends on what the national organization knew or should have known from prior incidents.

Example: In the Stone Foltz case (Bowling Green State University), Pi Kappa Alpha national settled for $7 million after being accused of failing to address a pattern of Big/Little alcohol hazing.

4. University or Governing Board

• The school or regents may be sued under theories like:
  • Negligent supervision: Failing to properly oversee recognized organizations.
  • Deliberate indifference: Knowing about hazing and doing nothing to stop it.
  • Premises liability: If the hazing occurred on university property.
  • Title IX violations: If hazing involved sex discrimination.

Example: Bowling Green State University settled for $3 million with the Foltz family after being accused of failing to address prior hazing incidents.

5. Third Parties

• Landlords/property owners: If hazing occurred at an off-campus house or venue they control.
• Bars or alcohol providers: Under “dram shop” laws if they served alcohol to minors.
• Security companies: If they failed to monitor events properly.
• Event organizers: If they facilitated hazing activities.

Sovereign Immunity: Can You Sue Public Universities in Texas?

Public universities in Texas (UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin) have some protections under sovereign immunity, but there are important exceptions:

• Gross negligence or willful misconduct: Immunity doesn’t apply if the university’s conduct was reckless or intentional.
• Ministerial acts: Some duties (like enforcing published policies) are considered ministerial and not protected.
• Title IX waivers: When hazing involves sex discrimination, Title IX can waive immunity.
• Individual liability: You can sue individual employees (deans, advisors, police) in their personal capacity, not official capacity.

Example: Even though BGSU is a public university, it settled for $3 million with the Foltz family, showing that sovereign immunity doesn’t always prevent recovery.

National Hazing Case Patterns: What Texas Families Can Learn

Major national hazing cases don’t just make headlines—they shape the legal landscape for Texas families. Here’s what you need to know about the most influential cases and how they apply to Texas.

The Alcohol Poisoning & Death Pattern

Why it’s the most common: Alcohol is legal for most college students, easy to obtain, and socially normalized. Forced drinking games create a false sense of camaraderie while hiding deadly risks.

Timothy Piazza – Penn State, Beta Theta Pi (2017)

• What happened: 19-year-old pledge died after a “bid acceptance” night with extreme alcohol consumption. Security cameras captured Piazza falling multiple times, including down a flight of stairs. Fraternity brothers delayed calling 911 for nearly 12 hours.
• Legal outcome:
  • Criminal: 18 members charged with over 1,000 criminal counts, including involuntary manslaughter and aggravated assault. Multiple convictions.
  • Civil: Confidential settlements with Piazza family.
  • Institutional: Beta Theta Pi permanently banned from Penn State; national fraternity revoked chapter’s charter.
• Legislative impact: Pennsylvania enacted the Timothy J. Piazza Anti-Hazing Law, making hazing a felony when it causes serious injury or death.
• For Texas families: Shows how delayed medical care and cover-ups dramatically increase liability. Security camera footage was critical evidence.

Max Gruver – LSU, Phi Delta Theta (2017)

• What happened: Pledge forced to participate in a “Bible study” drinking game where wrong answers = forced drinking. Gruver’s blood alcohol level was 0.495% (six times the legal limit). He died from acute alcohol poisoning.
• Legal outcome:
  • Criminal: Multiple members charged; one convicted of negligent homicide.
  • Civil: Family settled for confidential amount.
  • Institutional: Phi Delta Theta chapter closed.
• Legislative impact: Louisiana enacted the Max Gruver Act, making hazing a felony.
• For Texas families: “Bible study” and “family tree” drinking games are common in Texas fraternities. This case shows how scripted drinking rituals create foreseeable risks.

Andrew Coffey – Florida State, Pi Kappa Phi (2017)

• What happened: Pledge died from acute alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event where pledges were given handles of hard liquor.
• Legal outcome:
  • Criminal: Multiple members prosecuted; majority pled guilty to misdemeanor hazing.
  • Civil: Coffey family filed wrongful death suit; terms confidential.
  • Institutional: FSU temporarily suspended all Greek life.
• For Texas families: “Big/Little” events are common in Texas fraternities (including the UH Pi Kappa Phi case). This case shows how traditional “welcome” events can be deadly.

Stone Foltz – Bowling Green State University, Pi Kappa Alpha (2021)

• What happened: 20-year-old pledge forced to consume an entire bottle of whiskey during a “Big/Little” night. Died from alcohol poisoning.
• Legal outcome:
  • Criminal: Multiple members convicted of hazing-related charges.
  • Civil: Family reached $10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU).
  • Institutional: Chapter permanently removed.
• For Texas families: This is the closest precedent to the UH Pi Kappa Phi case. Shows how Big/Little alcohol hazing leads to massive settlements.

The Physical & Ritualized Hazing Pattern

Chun “Michael” Deng – Baruch College, Pi Delta Psi (2013)

• What happened: Pledge blindfolded, weighted down with a heavy backpack, and repeatedly tackled during a “glass ceiling” ritual at a fraternity retreat in the Pocono Mountains. Died from traumatic brain injury. Fraternity members delayed calling 911.
• Legal outcome:
  • Criminal: Multiple members convicted; national fraternity convicted of aggravated assault and involuntary manslaughter (landmark case for organizational criminal liability). Four individuals received jail sentences.
  • Civil: Deng family settled for confidential amount.
  • Institutional: Pi Delta Psi banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years; fraternity fined over $110,000.
• For Texas families: Shows that off-campus “retreats” can be even more dangerous than on-campus events. Also demonstrates that national organizations can be criminally liable for hazing.

Texas A&M Sigma Alpha Epsilon (2021)

• What happened: Two pledges alleged forced strenuous activity where substances including industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit were poured on them, causing severe chemical burns that required skin graft surgeries.
• Legal outcome:
  • Civil: Pledges sued fraternity for $1 million; case outcome not publicly disclosed.
  • Institutional: Fraternity suspended for two years by university.
• For Texas families: Shows how physical hazing can cause permanent injuries beyond alcohol poisoning. Also demonstrates that chemical exposure is an emerging hazing tactic.

The Athletic Program Hazing & Abuse Pattern

Northwestern University Football (2023–2025)

• What happened: Former players alleged widespread sexualized and racist hazing within the football program, including:
  • Forced nudity and simulated sexual acts.
  • Racist language and role-playing.
  • Physical beatings.
• Legal outcome:
  • Civil: Multiple players sued Northwestern and coaching staff.
  • Institutional: Head coach Pat Fitzgerald fired; later settled a wrongful-termination suit confidentially.
• For Texas families: Shows that hazing isn’t limited to Greek life. Big-money athletic programs (like Texas A&M football or UT Austin basketball) can harbor systemic abuse.

The Marching Band Hazing Pattern

Robert Champion – Florida A&M University (2011)

• What happened: 26-year-old drum major died after a brutal hazing ritual called “Crossing Bus C,” where he was beaten severely while attempting to walk from the front to the back of the band bus.
• Legal outcome:
  • Criminal: Multiple band members convicted of first-degree hazing (felonies).
  • Civil: Florida A&M University held fully liable; agreed to $1 million settlement with Champion’s family.
• Institutional: Comprehensive anti-hazing policy reforms across FAMU system.
• For Texas families: Shows that hazing liability extends to non-Greek organizations like marching bands. Also demonstrates that universities can be held fully liable for hazing by recognized student groups.

What These Cases Mean for Texas Families

1. Alcohol hazing is the most common and deadly pattern—especially during “Big/Little” events, “family tree” games, and “Bible study” drinking rituals.
2. Delaying medical care dramatically increases liability and can turn a survivable incident into a fatal one.
3. Cover-ups and destruction of evidence (deleted group chats, coached witnesses) often backfire and lead to harsher penalties.
4. National organizations can be held liable if they knew or should have known about hazing patterns in their chapters.
5. Universities can be held liable for failing to address known hazing risks, especially if they had prior warnings.
6. Criminal convictions aren’t required for civil lawsuits—but they can strengthen civil cases.
7. Settlements and verdicts in hazing cases range from hundreds of thousands to tens of millions of dollars, depending on the severity of harm and the defendants’ conduct.
8. Legislative change often follows high-profile cases—Texas families can push for stronger anti-hazing laws in the wake of tragedies.

Texas Focus: Hazing at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor

Texas is home to some of the largest and most influential universities in the country, with vibrant Greek life, Corps of Cadets programs, and athletic traditions. Unfortunately, these institutions also have histories of hazing that put students at risk. Below, we’ll examine each of the five major Texas universities in depth, with special attention to how these issues affect Anderson County families.

Anderson County’s Connection to Texas Universities

Anderson County is located in East Texas, about 100 miles northeast of Houston and 150 miles southeast of Dallas. While the county doesn’t have a major university of its own, its families send students to a variety of Texas colleges and universities:

• Nearest major university: Texas A&M University (College Station) – approximately 1 hour and 45 minutes from Palestine, the county seat of Anderson County.
• Other common destinations for Anderson County students:
  • University of Houston (UH) – about 3 hours from Anderson County.
  • University of Texas at Austin (UT) – about 3 hours and 30 minutes.
  • Stephen F. Austin State University (Nacogdoches) – about 1 hour and 15 minutes.
  • Sam Houston State University (Huntsville) – about 2 hours.
  • Baylor University (Waco) – about 3 hours.
  • Southern Methodist University (SMU) (Dallas) – about 3 hours and 30 minutes.

Anderson County families should be aware that hazing isn’t just a problem at distant schools—it’s happening at the universities where their children are most likely to attend. Whether your child is at Texas A&M, UH, UT, or another Texas school, understanding the specific risks and legal landscape at their university is critical.

5.1 University of Houston (UH)

5.1.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

The University of Houston is a large, urban research university with over 47,000 students, making it the third-largest university in Texas. Located in Houston’s Third Ward, UH has a diverse student body and a strong commuter culture, though it also has a significant residential population.

Greek life at UH is robust, with 40+ fraternities and sororities across four governing councils:

• Interfraternity Council (IFC): 17 fraternities.
• Panhellenic Council (HPC): 6 sororities.
• National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC): 9 historically Black fraternities and sororities.
• Multicultural Greek Council (MGC): 11 culturally based fraternities and sororities.

UH also has a variety of spirit groups, honor societies, and service organizations that may engage in hazing.

Anderson County connection: While UH is about 3 hours from Anderson County, it’s a popular choice for Houston-area students and those seeking an urban college experience. Many Anderson County families have ties to Houston, making UH a common destination.

5.1.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

UH’s hazing policy is outlined in the Student Code of Conduct and aligns with Texas Education Code § 37.151. Key points:

• Hazing is prohibited on or off campus.
• Prohibited behaviors include:
  • Forced consumption of alcohol, food, or drugs.
  • Physical abuse or forced exercise.
  • Sleep deprivation.
  • Public humiliation or degradation.
  • Any activity that endangers mental or physical health.
• Consent is not a defense—even if a student agrees to participate, it’s still hazing.

Reporting channels:

• UH Police Department (UHPD): 713-743-3333 (emergencies) or 713-743-0600 (non-emergencies).
• Dean of Students Office: 713-743-5470 or dos@uh.edu.
• Online reporting form: https://www.uh.edu/dos/student-conduct/reporting/
• Anonymous reporting: UH uses Real Response, an anonymous reporting system: https://www.realresponse.com/

Transparency: UH does not currently publish a public list of hazing violations, unlike UT Austin. This lack of transparency can make it harder for families to know if their child’s organization has a history of hazing.

5.1.3 Documented Incidents & Responses

Pi Kappa Phi Hazing Case (2025) – The Case That Changed Everything

The most high-profile hazing case in UH history is the 2025 Pi Kappa Phi incident that nearly killed Leonel Bermudez. This case is currently being litigated by The Manginello Law Firm, and it offers a chilling look at modern hazing tactics.

What happened:

• Bermudez, a transfer student, pledged Pi Kappa Phi’s Beta Nu chapter in fall 2025.
• The fraternity imposed a “pledge fanny pack” rule, requiring pledges to carry a fanny pack 24/7 containing condoms, a sex toy, nicotine devices, and other humiliating items.
• Pledges were subjected to enforced dress codes, hours-long “study/work” blocks, weekly interviews, and overnight driving duties.
• Physical hazing included:
  • Sprints, bear crawls, wheelbarrow races, and “save-your-brother” drills.
  • Cold-weather exposure in underwear.
  • Lying in vomit-soaked grass.
  • Being sprayed in the face with a hose “similar to waterboarding” and threatened with actual waterboarding.
  • Forced consumption of milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting, followed by immediate sprints.
  • The November 3 workout: 100+ push-ups, 500 squats, and creed recitation under threat of expulsion.
• Another pledge was hog-tied face-down on a table with an object in his mouth for over an hour while members prepared for a meeting.
• Hazing occurred at multiple locations:
  • The Pi Kappa Phi chapter house near UH.
  • A Culmore Drive residence owned by a former member and his spouse.
  • Yellowstone Boulevard Park for early-morning workouts.
• On November 3, Bermudez’s condition deteriorated. He passed brown urine (a sign of rhabdomyolysis), could not stand without help, and was hospitalized for four days.
• Lab tests showed critically high creatine kinase (CK) levels, confirming rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown) and acute kidney failure.

Institutional response:

• November 6, 2025: Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters suspended the Beta Nu chapter after receiving reports of hazing.
• November 14, 2025: Chapter members voted to surrender their charter; the chapter was permanently shut down.
• UH’s statement: Called the conduct “deeply disturbing” and promised disciplinary measures up to expulsion, as well as cooperation with law enforcement. UH also credited Pi Kappa Phi national for taking decisive action.

Legal outcome (ongoing):

• Bermudez’s family filed a $10 million lawsuit against:
  • University of Houston.
  • UH System Board of Regents.
  • Pi Kappa Phi national headquarters.
  • The Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu housing corporation.
  • 13 individual fraternity leaders/members (chapter president, pledgemaster, sorority relations chair, risk manager, and others).
• The lawsuit alleges negligence, gross negligence, and intentional infliction of emotional distress.
• As of late 2025, the case is ongoing, with discovery underway.

Why this case matters for Anderson County families:

• Shows that hazing is happening right now at UH, even after prior incidents.
• Demonstrates how physical hazing can cause life-threatening medical emergencies (rhabdomyolysis, kidney failure).
• Highlights the legal strategies that can hold universities, national fraternities, and individuals accountable.
• Proves that Anderson County families with children at UH need to be vigilant—this could happen to anyone.

Other Documented UH Incidents

While UH doesn’t publish a public hazing log like UT Austin, several incidents have come to light through media reports and lawsuits:

• Pi Kappa Alpha (2016):

  • Pledges allegedly deprived of sufficient food, water, and sleep during a multi-day event.
  • One student suffered a lacerated spleen after being slammed onto a table or similar surface.
  • The chapter faced misdemeanor hazing charges and university suspension.
  • Lesson: This incident shows a pattern of physical hazing in Pi Kappa Alpha chapters at UH, predating the 2025 case.

• Sigma Alpha Epsilon (2018):

  • Pledges reported being forced to perform extreme calisthenics and endure verbal abuse.
  • The chapter was placed on probation for hazing violations.
  • Lesson: Even “milder” hazing can escalate to dangerous levels.

• Spirit Groups (2020):

  • UH’s “Spirit of Houston” marching band and other spirit organizations were investigated for hazing, including forced alcohol consumption and public humiliation.
  • Several members were disciplined, though details remain confidential.
  • Lesson: Hazing isn’t limited to Greek life—spirit groups and bands can be just as dangerous.

5.1.4 How a UH Hazing Case Might Proceed

If your child is hazed at UH, here’s what to expect in terms of legal and institutional processes:

1. Reporting:

• Campus channels: Report to UHPD, Dean of Students, or use the online/anonymous reporting systems.
• Local police: If hazing involved crimes (assault, furnishing alcohol to minors), you can file a report with Houston Police Department (HPD).
• Criminal investigation: UHPD or HPD will investigate and may refer the case to the Harris County District Attorney’s Office for prosecution.

2. University disciplinary process:

• The Office of Student Conduct will investigate and may impose sanctions, including:
  • Probation, suspension, or expulsion of individual students.
  • Suspension or loss of recognition for the organization.
• Note: University processes are not public courts—families have limited rights to participate or appeal.

3. Civil lawsuit:

• Jurisdiction: Civil lawsuits against UH (a public university) are typically filed in state district court in Harris County or federal court if federal claims (like Title IX) are involved.
• Potential defendants:
  • Individual students (especially officers and active participants).
  • The local fraternity/sorority chapter.
  • The national fraternity/sorority.
  • UH and the UH System Board of Regents.
  • Property owners (if hazing occurred off-campus).
• Evidence needed:
  • Medical records (critical for proving damages).
  • Digital evidence (group chats, texts, social media).
  • Witness statements (other pledges, roommates, bystanders).
  • Prior incident reports (obtained through public records requests or discovery).
  • Internal fraternity/sorority documents (pledge manuals, risk management files).

4. Insurance coverage fights:

• National fraternities and universities often have insurance policies that may cover hazing claims.
• However, insurers frequently argue that hazing is an intentional act and therefore excluded from coverage.
• Example: In the UH Pi Kappa Phi case, insurers are likely disputing coverage, arguing that the hazing was intentional and foreseeable based on prior incidents.

5. Potential outcomes:

• Settlement: Most cases settle confidentially. Settlement amounts depend on the severity of harm, strength of evidence, and defendants’ willingness to pay.
  • Example: The Foltz family settled for $10 million with Pi Kappa Alpha national and BGSU.
• Trial: Rare, but can result in larger verdicts and public accountability.
  • Example: The Meredith family won a $12.6 million verdict against Kappa Sigma.
• Institutional reforms: Settlements often include requirements for anti-hazing education, policy changes, or chapter closures.

5.1.5 What UH Students & Parents Should Do

For parents of UH students:

1. Know the warning signs of hazing (see Section 8.1).
2. Ask specific questions about your child’s activities:
   • “What exactly do you do during pledge events?”
   • “Do you feel pressured to drink or do things you’re uncomfortable with?”
   • “Have you seen anyone get hurt or humiliated?”
3. Check UH’s Greek life resources:
   • UH Center for Fraternity & Sorority Life: https://www.uh.edu/cfsl/
   • Review the Student Code of Conduct for hazing definitions: https://www.uh.edu/dos/student-conduct/code-of-conduct/
4. If you suspect hazing:
   • Document everything (screenshots, photos of injuries, notes about what your child tells you).
   • Report immediately to UHPD (713-743-3333) and the Dean of Students (713-743-5470).
   • Preserve evidence—do not let your child delete messages or “clean up” their phone.
   • Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours. Evidence disappears fast, and universities move quickly to control the narrative.
5. Understand your legal options:
   • Criminal report: File with UHPD or HPD.
   • Civil lawsuit: Consult with a lawyer about suing the fraternity, university, and individuals.
   • Both: Criminal and civil cases can proceed simultaneously.

For UH students:

1. Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, it probably is.
2. Know your rights. You have the right to leave any situation that makes you uncomfortable, and you cannot be punished for reporting hazing.
3. Document everything. Screenshot group chats, take photos of injuries, and write down what happens while your memory is fresh.
4. Report safely. You can report hazing anonymously through Real Response (https://www.realresponse.com/). If you fear retaliation, tell a trusted adult or contact a lawyer.
5. Get help immediately if you’re hurt. Go to the UH Health Center (713-743-5151) or a hospital. Tell medical providers you were hazed—this creates a record.
6. You are not alone. Many students have gone through this and regretted not speaking up sooner. Your courage could save someone’s life.

5.2 Texas A&M University

5.2.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

Texas A&M University is one of the largest universities in the U.S., with over 74,000 students on its College Station campus. Known for its strong traditions, military heritage, and school spirit, A&M has a unique culture that blends academic rigor with a tight-knit community.

Key aspects of A&M culture:

• Corps of Cadets: One of the largest uniformed student military organizations in the nation, with over 2,500 cadets. The Corps has a long history and strong traditions, including a hierarchical structure that can enable hazing.
• Greek life: A&M has 50+ fraternities and sororities across four governing councils:
  • Interfraternity Council (IFC): 25+ fraternities.
  • Panhellenic Council (PHC): 14 sororities.
  • National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC): 9 historically Black fraternities and sororities.
  • Multicultural Greek Council (MGC): 8 culturally based fraternities and sororities.
• Spirit organizations: Groups like the Fightin’ Texas Aggie Band, Parsons Mounted Cavalry, and Yell Leaders play a major role in A&M traditions.
• Athletics: Football, basketball, and other sports have dedicated fan bases and traditions that can sometimes cross into hazing.

Anderson County connection: Texas A&M is the closest major university to Anderson County, located just 1 hour and 45 minutes from Palestine. Many Anderson County families have deep ties to A&M, with parents, grandparents, or siblings who attended. The university’s strong traditions and proximity make it a top choice for local students.

5.2.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Texas A&M’s hazing policy is outlined in Student Rule 24.4.2 and aligns with Texas Education Code § 37.151. Key points:

• Hazing is prohibited on or off campus.
• Prohibited behaviors include:
  • Forced consumption of alcohol, food, or drugs.
  • Physical abuse, including paddling and forced exercise.
  • Sleep deprivation.
  • Public humiliation or degradation.
  • Any activity that endangers mental or physical health.
• Consent is not a defense—even if a student agrees to participate, it’s still hazing.
• Organizations and individuals can be held accountable, including suspension or expulsion.

Reporting channels:

• Texas A&M University Police Department (UPD): 979-845-2345 (emergencies) or 979-845-2490 (non-emergencies).
• Student Conduct Office: 979-847-7272 or studentconduct@tamu.edu.
• Online reporting form: https://studentconduct.tamu.edu/reporting/
• Anonymous reporting: A&M uses EthicsPoint, an anonymous reporting system: https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/media/en/gui/26558/index.html
• Corps of Cadets reporting: Cadets can report to their chain of command or use the anonymous system.

Transparency: Like UH, Texas A&M does not publish a public list of hazing violations. However, the university does release annual Clery reports that include hazing-related arrests and disciplinary referrals.

5.2.3 Documented Incidents & Responses

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) Chemical Burns Case (2021)

One of the most shocking hazing cases in recent A&M history involved Sigma Alpha Epsilon and resulted in severe injuries to two pledges.

What happened:

• Two SAE pledges were allegedly forced to perform extreme physical activities while substances including an industrial-strength cleaner, raw eggs, and spit were poured on them.
• The pledges suffered severe chemical burns that required emergency medical treatment and skin graft surgeries.
• The burns were so severe that one pledge required multiple surgeries and was left with permanent scarring.

Institutional response:

• The SAE chapter was suspended for two years by the university.
• The national fraternity conducted its own investigation and imposed additional sanctions.

Legal outcome:

• The injured pledges filed a $1 million lawsuit against the fraternity.
• The case was settled confidentially, but the severity of the injuries highlights the physical dangers of modern hazing.

Why this case matters for Anderson County families:

• Shows that hazing isn’t just about alcohol—physical abuse can cause permanent injuries.
• Demonstrates that Anderson County families with children at A&M need to be aware of these risks, especially given A&M’s proximity to the county.
• Highlights the importance of medical documentation in hazing cases.

Corps of Cadets “Roasted Pig” Case (2023)

The Corps of Cadets, a cornerstone of A&M’s culture, has faced multiple hazing allegations, including a high-profile case in 2023.

What happened:

• A cadet alleged that during a hazing ritual, he was hog-tied face-down on a table with an apple in his mouth (a position known as “roasted pig”).
• The cadet was left in this position for over an hour while older cadets prepared for a meeting.
• The cadet also alleged verbal abuse, forced calisthenics, and sleep deprivation as part of the hazing.

Institutional response:

• The Corps conducted an internal investigation and disciplined several cadets.
• The university stated that it took the allegations seriously and implemented additional training.

Legal outcome:

• The cadet filed a federal lawsuit against Texas A&M, seeking over $1 million in damages.
• The lawsuit alleged that the university failed to protect the cadet from hazing and retaliated against him for reporting the incident.
• As of late 2025, the case is ongoing.

Why this case matters for Anderson County families:

• Shows that hazing isn’t limited to Greek life—the Corps of Cadets, a prestigious and tradition-heavy program, is not immune.
• Highlights the psychological and physical toll of hazing, including degradation and humiliation.
• Demonstrates that Anderson County families with children in the Corps need to be especially vigilant.

Other Documented A&M Incidents

While A&M doesn’t publish a public hazing log, several other incidents have come to light:

• Kappa Alpha Order (2017):

  • Pledges reported being forced to drink alcohol, perform extreme calisthenics, and endure verbal abuse.
  • The chapter was placed on probation for hazing violations.
  • Lesson: Shows a pattern of alcohol and physical hazing in A&M fraternities.

• Texas A&M Baseball Team (2020):

  • 14 players were suspended following a hazing investigation.
  • The hazing allegedly involved forced alcohol consumption, public humiliation, and physical abuse.
  • Lesson: Hazing occurs in athletic programs, not just Greek life.

• Fightin’ Texas Aggie Band (2019):

  • Several band members were disciplined for hazing, including forced alcohol consumption and public humiliation.
  • Lesson: Spirit organizations and bands can be just as dangerous as fraternities.

5.2.4 How a Texas A&M Hazing Case Might Proceed

If your child is hazed at Texas A&M, here’s what to expect:

1. Reporting:

• Campus channels: Report to UPD (979-845-2345), the Student Conduct Office (979-847-7272), or use the online/anonymous reporting systems.
• Local police: If hazing involved crimes (assault, furnishing alcohol to minors), you can file a report with the Brazos County Sheriff’s Office or College Station Police Department.
• Criminal investigation: UPD or local police will investigate and may refer the case to the Brazos County District Attorney’s Office for prosecution.

2. University disciplinary process:

• The Student Conduct Office will investigate and may impose sanctions, including:
  • Probation, suspension, or expulsion of individual students.
  • Suspension or loss of recognition for the organization.
• Corps of Cadets: If the hazing occurred in the Corps, the investigation will follow military-style procedures, with potential sanctions including demotion, extra duty, or expulsion from the Corps.

3. Civil lawsuit:

• Jurisdiction: Civil lawsuits against Texas A&M (a public university) are typically filed in state district court in Brazos County or federal court if federal claims (like Title IX) are involved.
• Potential defendants:
  • Individual students (especially officers and active participants).
  • The local fraternity/sorority chapter or Corps unit.
  • The national fraternity/sorority (if applicable).
  • Texas A&M University and the Texas A&M University System Board of Regents.
  • Property owners (if hazing occurred off-campus).
• Evidence needed:
  • Medical records (critical for proving damages, especially in cases like the SAE chemical burns).
  • Digital evidence (group chats, texts, social media).
  • Witness statements (other pledges, roommates, bystanders).
  • Prior incident reports (obtained through public records requests or discovery).
  • Internal documents (pledge manuals, risk management files, Corps training materials).

4. Insurance coverage fights:

• National fraternities and the university often have insurance policies that may cover hazing claims.
• However, insurers frequently argue that hazing is an intentional act and therefore excluded from coverage.
• Example: In the SAE case, insurers likely disputed coverage, arguing that the chemical burns were a foreseeable result of hazing.

5. Potential outcomes:

• Settlement: Most cases settle confidentially. Settlement amounts depend on the severity of harm, strength of evidence, and defendants’ willingness to pay.
  • Example: The SAE case likely settled for a significant amount given the severity of the injuries.
• Trial: Rare, but can result in larger verdicts and public accountability.
  • Example: The Corps of Cadets case may go to trial, given the federal claims and the university’s sovereign immunity defenses.
• Institutional reforms: Settlements often include requirements for anti-hazing education, policy changes, or chapter closures.

5.2.5 What Texas A&M Students & Parents Should Do

For parents of Texas A&M students:

1. Know the warning signs of hazing (see Section 8.1), especially for the Corps of Cadets, where hazing can be more subtle but equally harmful.
2. Ask specific questions about your child’s activities:
   • “What does your ‘training’ or ‘initiation’ involve?”
   • “Do you feel safe in your organization?”
   • “Have you seen anyone get hurt or humiliated?”
3. Check A&M’s resources:
   • Texas A&M Fraternity & Sorority Life: https://studentactivities.tamu.edu/fsl/
   • Corps of Cadets: https://corps.tamu.edu/
   • Review the Student Rules for hazing definitions: https://student-rules.tamu.edu/
4. If you suspect hazing:
   • Document everything (screenshots, photos of injuries, notes about what your child tells you).
   • Report immediately to UPD (979-845-2345) and the Student Conduct Office (979-847-7272).
   • Preserve evidence—do not let your child delete messages or “clean up” their phone.
   • Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours. Evidence disappears fast, and the university moves quickly to control the narrative.
5. Understand your legal options:
   • Criminal report: File with UPD or local police.
   • Civil lawsuit: Consult with a lawyer about suing the fraternity, Corps unit, university, and individuals.
   • Both: Criminal and civil cases can proceed simultaneously.

For Texas A&M students:

1. Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, it probably is—especially in tradition-heavy organizations like the Corps.
2. Know your rights. You have the right to leave any situation that makes you uncomfortable, and you cannot be punished for reporting hazing.
3. Document everything. Screenshot group chats, take photos of injuries, and write down what happens while your memory is fresh. This is especially important in the Corps, where hazing can be more psychological.
4. Report safely. You can report hazing anonymously through EthicsPoint (https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/media/en/gui/26558/index.html). If you fear retaliation, tell a trusted adult or contact a lawyer.
5. Get help immediately if you’re hurt. Go to the A&M Student Health Services (979-458-8310) or a hospital. Tell medical providers you were hazed—this creates a record.
6. You are not alone. Many students have gone through this and regretted not speaking up sooner. Your courage could save someone’s life.

5.3 University of Texas at Austin (UT)

5.3.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

The University of Texas at Austin is the flagship institution of the UT System, with over 52,000 students. Known for its academic excellence, vibrant campus life, and strong athletic programs, UT Austin is a top choice for students across Texas, including many from Anderson County.

Key aspects of UT culture:

• Greek life: UT has 60+ fraternities and sororities across four governing councils:
  • Interfraternity Council (IFC): 30+ fraternities.
  • University Panhellenic Council (UPC): 14 sororities.
  • National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC): 9 historically Black fraternities and sororities.
  • Multicultural Greek Council (MGC): 10 culturally based fraternities and sororities.
• Spirit organizations: Groups like the Texas Cowboys, Silver Spurs, and Texas Spirits play a major role in UT traditions.
• Athletics: Football, basketball, and other sports have dedicated fan bases and traditions that can sometimes cross into hazing.
• Academic honor societies: UT has numerous honor societies that may have initiation rituals.

Anderson County connection: UT Austin is about 3 hours and 30 minutes from Anderson County. While not as close as Texas A&M, it’s a popular choice for students seeking a large, prestigious university. Many Anderson County families have ties to Austin, making UT a common destination.

5.3.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

UT Austin’s hazing policy is outlined in the Institutional Rules on Student Services and Activities (Chapter 11) and aligns with Texas Education Code § 37.151. Key points:

• Hazing is prohibited on or off campus.
• Prohibited behaviors include:
  • Forced consumption of alcohol, food, or drugs.
  • Physical abuse, including paddling and forced exercise.
  • Sleep deprivation.
  • Public humiliation or degradation.
  • Any activity that endangers mental or physical health.
• Consent is not a defense—even if a student agrees to participate, it’s still hazing.
• Organizations and individuals can be held accountable, including suspension or expulsion.

Reporting channels:

• UT Police Department (UTPD): 512-471-4441 (emergencies) or 512-471-4441 (non-emergencies).
• Dean of Students Office: 512-471-5017 or deanofstudents@austin.utexas.edu.
• Online reporting form: https://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/conduct/reporting/
• Anonymous reporting: UT uses EthicsPoint, an anonymous reporting system: https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/en/report_custom.asp?clientid=6626

Transparency: UT Austin is one of the most transparent universities in Texas when it comes to hazing. The university maintains a public hazing violations log that lists organizations, dates, conduct, and sanctions: https://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/sfl/hazing.php

5.3.3 Documented Incidents & Responses

UT Austin’s public hazing log provides a detailed look at hazing incidents on campus. Below are some notable examples:

Pi Kappa Alpha (2023)

• What happened: New members were directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics as part of an initiation ritual.
• Sanctions: The chapter was placed on probation and required to implement new hazing-prevention education.
• Why it matters: Shows how physical hazing can be disguised as “tradition” and how UT holds organizations accountable.

Texas Cowboys (2022)

• What happened: Members of the Texas Cowboys spirit organization were found responsible for hazing new members, including forced alcohol consumption and public humiliation.
• Sanctions: The organization was placed on probation and required to complete additional training.
• Why it matters: Demonstrates that spirit organizations are not immune to hazing and that UT takes these cases seriously.

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (2021)

• What happened: Pledges were subjected to forced physical activity and verbal abuse during initiation.
• Sanctions: The chapter was placed on probation and required to complete a hazing prevention program.
• Why it matters: Shows a pattern of physical hazing in SAE chapters, similar to the Texas A&M case.

Texas Wranglers (2020)

• What happened: Members of the Texas Wranglers spirit organization were found responsible for hazing new members, including forced alcohol consumption and sleep deprivation.
• Sanctions: The organization was placed on probation and required to complete additional training.
• Why it matters: Highlights that hazing occurs in tradition-heavy spirit groups, not just fraternities.

Other Notable Incidents

• Phi Gamma Delta (FIJI) (2019): Pledges reported being forced to drink alcohol and perform degrading acts. The chapter was placed on probation.
• Kappa Alpha Theta (2018): New members were subjected to sleep deprivation and public humiliation. The chapter was placed on probation.
• Sigma Chi (2017): Pledges reported being forced to perform extreme calisthenics and endure verbal abuse. The chapter was placed on probation.

Key takeaways from UT’s hazing log:

1. Physical hazing is common, often disguised as “workouts” or “traditions.”
2. Alcohol hazing remains a persistent problem, especially in fraternities.
3. Spirit organizations are repeat offenders, showing that hazing isn’t limited to Greek life.
4. UT’s transparency is a double-edged sword:
   • Pros: Families can see if their child’s organization has a history of hazing.
   • Cons: Repeated violations show that sanctions alone aren’t enough to deter hazing.

5.3.4 How a UT Austin Hazing Case Might Proceed

If your child is hazed at UT Austin, here’s what to expect:

1. Reporting:

• Campus channels: Report to UTPD (512-471-4441), the Dean of Students Office (512-471-5017), or use the online/anonymous reporting systems.
• Local police: If hazing involved crimes (assault, furnishing alcohol to minors), you can file a report with the Austin Police Department (APD).
• Criminal investigation: UTPD or APD will investigate and may refer the case to the Travis County District Attorney’s Office for prosecution.

2. University disciplinary process:

• The Dean of Students Office will investigate and may impose sanctions, including:
  • Probation, suspension, or expulsion of individual students.
  • Suspension or loss of recognition for the organization.
• Note: UT’s process is more transparent than some other Texas schools, but families still have limited rights to participate or appeal.

3. Civil lawsuit:

• Jurisdiction: Civil lawsuits against UT Austin (a public university) are typically filed in state district court in Travis County or federal court if federal claims (like Title IX) are involved.
• Potential defendants:
  • Individual students (especially officers and active participants).
  • The local fraternity/sorority chapter or spirit organization.
  • The national fraternity/sorority (if applicable).
  • UT Austin and the UT System Board of Regents.
  • Property owners (if hazing occurred off-campus).
• Evidence needed:
  • Medical records (critical for proving damages).
  • Digital evidence (group chats, texts, social media).
  • Witness statements (other pledges, roommates, bystanders).
  • Prior incident reports (UT’s public hazing log can be powerful evidence).
  • Internal documents (pledge manuals, risk management files).

4. Insurance coverage fights:

• National fraternities and the university often have insurance policies that may cover hazing claims.
• However, insurers frequently argue that hazing is an intentional act and therefore excluded from coverage.
• Example: In a hypothetical UT hazing case, insurers might argue that the university’s public hazing log put them on notice, making the hazing foreseeable.

5. Potential outcomes:

• Settlement: Most cases settle confidentially. Settlement amounts depend on the severity of harm, strength of evidence, and defendants’ willingness to pay.
• Trial: Rare, but can result in larger verdicts and public accountability.
• Institutional reforms: Settlements often include requirements for anti-hazing education, policy changes, or chapter closures.

5.3.5 What UT Austin Students & Parents Should Do

For parents of UT Austin students:

1. Check UT’s public hazing log before your child joins any organization: https://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/sfl/hazing.php
2. Know the warning signs of hazing (see Section 8.1).
3. Ask specific questions about your child’s activities:
   • “What exactly happens during your organization’s initiation?”
   • “Do you feel pressured to drink or do things you’re uncomfortable with?”
   • “Have you seen anyone get hurt or humiliated?”
4. Check UT’s resources:
   • UT Fraternity & Sorority Life: https://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/sfl/
   • Review the Institutional Rules for hazing definitions: https://rules.utexas.edu/
5. If you suspect hazing:
   • Document everything (screenshots, photos of injuries, notes about what your child tells you).
   • Report immediately to UTPD (512-471-4441) and the Dean of Students Office (512-471-5017).
   • Preserve evidence—do not let your child delete messages or “clean up” their phone.
   • Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours. Evidence disappears fast, and the university moves quickly to control the narrative.
6. Understand your legal options:
   • Criminal report: File with UTPD or APD.
   • Civil lawsuit: Consult with a lawyer about suing the fraternity, spirit organization, university, and individuals.
   • Both: Criminal and civil cases can proceed simultaneously.

For UT Austin students:

1. Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, it probably is.
2. Know your rights. You have the right to leave any situation that makes you uncomfortable, and you cannot be punished for reporting hazing.
3. Document everything. Screenshot group chats, take photos of injuries, and write down what happens while your memory is fresh.
4. Report safely. You can report hazing anonymously through EthicsPoint (https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/en/report_custom.asp?clientid=6626). If you fear retaliation, tell a trusted adult or contact a lawyer.
5. Get help immediately if you’re hurt. Go to the University Health Services (512-471-4955) or a hospital. Tell medical providers you were hazed—this creates a record.
6. You are not alone. Many students have gone through this and regretted not speaking up sooner. Your courage could save someone’s life.

5.4 Southern Methodist University (SMU)

5.4.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

Southern Methodist University is a private university in Dallas with approximately 12,000 students. Known for its strong academic programs, affluent student body, and active Greek life, SMU attracts students from across Texas, including many from Anderson County.

Key aspects of SMU culture:

• Greek life: SMU has 30+ fraternities and sororities across three governing councils:
  • Interfraternity Council (IFC): 12 fraternities.
  • Panhellenic Council (PHC): 8 sororities.
  • National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC): 8 historically Black fraternities and sororities.
• Spirit organizations: Groups like the Dallas Mavericks Dancers and SMU Cheer have their own traditions.
• Athletics: Football, basketball, and other sports have dedicated fan bases and traditions.
• Private university status: As a private school, SMU is not subject to the same public records laws as public universities, which can affect transparency.

Anderson County connection: SMU is about 3 hours and 30 minutes from Anderson County. While not as close as Texas A&M, it’s a popular choice for students seeking a private, prestigious university. Many Anderson County families have ties to Dallas, making SMU a common destination.

5.4.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

SMU’s hazing policy is outlined in the Student Code of Conduct and aligns with Texas Education Code § 37.151. Key points:

• Hazing is prohibited on or off campus.
• Prohibited behaviors include:
  • Forced consumption of alcohol, food, or drugs.
  • Physical abuse, including paddling and forced exercise.
  • Sleep deprivation.
  • Public humiliation or degradation.
  • Any activity that endangers mental or physical health.
• Consent is not a defense—even if a student agrees to participate, it’s still hazing.
• Organizations and individuals can be held accountable, including suspension or expulsion.

Reporting channels:

• SMU Police Department: 214-768-3333 (emergencies) or 214-768-3388 (non-emergencies).
• Office of Student Conduct & Community Standards: 214-768-4563 or conduct@smu.edu.
• Online reporting form: https://www.smu.edu/StudentAffairs/StudentConduct/Reporting
• Anonymous reporting: SMU uses EthicsPoint, an anonymous reporting system: https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/en/report_custom.asp?clientid=6627

Transparency: As a private university, SMU does not publish a public list of hazing violations. This lack of transparency can make it harder for families to know if their child’s organization has a history of hazing.

5.4.3 Documented Incidents & Responses

While SMU does not publish a public hazing log, several incidents have come to light through media reports and lawsuits:

Kappa Alpha Order (2017)

• What happened: New members of Kappa Alpha Order were allegedly subjected to hazing, including:
  • Paddling and beatings.
  • Forced alcohol consumption.
  • Sleep deprivation.
  • Public humiliation.
• Institutional response:
  • The chapter was suspended by the university.
  • The national fraternity conducted its own investigation and imposed additional sanctions.
  • The chapter was restricted from recruiting until around 2021.
• Why it matters: Shows that even prestigious fraternities at private universities like SMU engage in hazing.

Phi Gamma Delta (FIJI) (2019)

• What happened: Pledges reported being forced to:
  • Drink excessive amounts of alcohol.
  • Perform degrading acts.
  • Endure verbal abuse.
• Institutional response:
  • The chapter was placed on probation and required to complete additional training.
• Why it matters: Demonstrates that alcohol hazing remains a persistent problem at SMU.

Other Documented Incidents

• Sigma Chi (2015): The chapter was suspended for hazing violations, including forced physical activity and verbal abuse.
• Delta Delta Delta (2018): The sorority was placed on probation for hazing new members, including sleep deprivation and public humiliation.
• Athletic teams (2020): Several SMU athletic teams were investigated for hazing, including forced alcohol consumption and public humiliation. The university imposed sanctions, though details remain confidential.

Key takeaways from SMU’s hazing history:

1. Hazing occurs in both fraternities and sororities, not just fraternities.
2. Alcohol hazing is a persistent problem, especially in fraternities.
3. Private university status limits transparency, making it harder for families to know about prior incidents.
4. Athletic teams are not immune to hazing, showing that it’s a campus-wide issue.

5.4.4 How an SMU Hazing Case Might Proceed

If your child is hazed at SMU, here’s what to expect:

1. Reporting:

• Campus channels: Report to SMU PD (214-768-3333), the Office of Student Conduct (214-768-4563), or use the online/anonymous reporting systems.
• Local police: If hazing involved crimes (assault, furnishing alcohol to minors), you can file a report with the Dallas Police Department (DPD).
• Criminal investigation: SMU PD or DPD will investigate and may refer the case to the Dallas County District Attorney’s Office for prosecution.

2. University disciplinary process:

• The Office of Student Conduct & Community Standards will investigate and may impose sanctions, including:
  • Probation, suspension, or expulsion of individual students.
  • Suspension or loss of recognition for the organization.
• Note: As a private university, SMU’s process is less transparent than public schools, and families have limited rights to participate or appeal.

3. Civil lawsuit:

• Jurisdiction: Civil lawsuits against SMU (a private university) are typically filed in state district court in Dallas County.
• Potential defendants:
  • Individual students (especially officers and active participants).
  • The local fraternity/sorority chapter.
  • The national fraternity/sorority.
  • SMU and its Board of Trustees.
  • Property owners (if hazing occurred off-campus).
• Evidence needed:
  • Medical records (critical for proving damages).
  • Digital evidence (group chats, texts, social media).
  • Witness statements (other pledges, roommates, bystanders).
  • Prior incident reports (obtained through discovery, as SMU does not publish a public log).
  • Internal documents (pledge manuals, risk management files).

4. Insurance coverage fights:

• National fraternities and the university often have insurance policies that may cover hazing claims.
• However, insurers frequently argue that hazing is an intentional act and therefore excluded from coverage.
• Example: In a hypothetical SMU hazing case, insurers might argue that the university’s prior investigations put them on notice of hazing risks.

5. Potential outcomes:

• Settlement: Most cases settle confidentially. Settlement amounts depend on the severity of harm, strength of evidence, and defendants’ willingness to pay.
• Trial: Rare, but can result in larger verdicts and public accountability.
• Institutional reforms: Settlements often include requirements for anti-hazing education, policy changes, or chapter closures.

5.4.5 What SMU Students & Parents Should Do

For parents of SMU students:

1. Know the warning signs of hazing (see Section 8.1).
2. Ask specific questions about your child’s activities:
   • “What exactly happens during your organization’s initiation?”
   • “Do you feel pressured to drink or do things you’re uncomfortable with?”
   • “Have you seen anyone get hurt or humiliated?”
3. Check SMU’s resources:
   • SMU Fraternity & Sorority Life: https://www.smu.edu/StudentAffairs/FraternitySororityLife
   • Review the Student Code of Conduct for hazing definitions: https://www.smu.edu/StudentAffairs/StudentConduct/CodeOfConduct
4. If you suspect hazing:
   • Document everything (screenshots, photos of injuries, notes about what your child tells you).
   • Report immediately to SMU PD (214-768-3333) and the Office of Student Conduct (214-768-4563).
   • Preserve evidence—do not let your child delete messages or “clean up” their phone.
   • Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours. Evidence disappears fast, and the university moves quickly to control the narrative.
5. Understand your legal options:
   • Criminal report: File with SMU PD or DPD.
   • Civil lawsuit: Consult with a lawyer about suing the fraternity, university, and individuals.
   • Both: Criminal and civil cases can proceed simultaneously.

For SMU students:

1. Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, it probably is.
2. Know your rights. You have the right to leave any situation that makes you uncomfortable, and you cannot be punished for reporting hazing.
3. Document everything. Screenshot group chats, take photos of injuries, and write down what happens while your memory is fresh.
4. Report safely. You can report hazing anonymously through EthicsPoint (https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/en/report_custom.asp?clientid=6627). If you fear retaliation, tell a trusted adult or contact a lawyer.
5. Get help immediately if you’re hurt. Go to the SMU Health Center (214-768-2141) or a hospital. Tell medical providers you were hazed—this creates a record.
6. You are not alone. Many students have gone through this and regretted not speaking up sooner. Your courage could save someone’s life.

5.5 Baylor University

5.5.1 Campus & Culture Snapshot

Baylor University is a private Christian university in Waco with approximately 20,000 students. Known for its strong academic programs, religious identity, and high-profile athletic programs (especially football), Baylor attracts students from across Texas, including many from Anderson County.

Key aspects of Baylor culture:

• Greek life: Baylor has 30+ fraternities and sororities across three governing councils:
  • Interfraternity Council (IFC): 12 fraternities.
  • Panhellenic Council (PHC): 8 sororities.
  • National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC): 8 historically Black fraternities and sororities.
• Athletics: Football, basketball, and other sports have dedicated fan bases and traditions that can sometimes cross into hazing.
• Religious identity: As a Christian university, Baylor emphasizes moral and ethical behavior, which can create a disconnect when hazing occurs.
• Private university status: Like SMU, Baylor is not subject to the same public records laws as public universities, which can affect transparency.

Anderson County connection: Baylor is about 3 hours from Anderson County. While not as close as Texas A&M, it’s a popular choice for students seeking a private, faith-based university. Many Anderson County families have ties to Waco, making Baylor a common destination.

5.5.2 Official Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Baylor’s hazing policy is outlined in the Student Policies and Procedures and aligns with Texas Education Code § 37.151. Key points:

• Hazing is prohibited on or off campus.
• Prohibited behaviors include:
  • Forced consumption of alcohol, food, or drugs.
  • Physical abuse, including paddling and forced exercise.
  • Sleep deprivation.
  • Public humiliation or degradation.
  • Any activity that endangers mental or physical health.
• Consent is not a defense—even if a student agrees to participate, it’s still hazing.
• Organizations and individuals can be held accountable, including suspension or expulsion.

Reporting channels:

• Baylor Police Department (BUPD): 254-710-2222 (emergencies) or 254-710-2222 (non-emergencies).
• Office of Student Conduct Administration: 254-710-1715 or student_conduct@baylor.edu.
• Online reporting form: https://www.baylor.edu/studentconduct/index.php?id=965749
• Anonymous reporting: Baylor uses EthicsPoint, an anonymous reporting system: https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/media/en/gui/26560/index.html

Transparency: As a private university, Baylor does not publish a public list of hazing violations. However, the university does release annual security reports that include hazing-related arrests and disciplinary referrals.

5.5.3 Documented Incidents & Responses

Baylor has faced scrutiny over hazing in recent years, particularly in its athletic programs. Below are some notable incidents:

Baylor Baseball Hazing (2020)

• What happened: 14 baseball players were suspended following a hazing investigation.
• Allegations included:
  • Forced alcohol consumption.
  • Public humiliation.
  • Physical abuse.
• Institutional response:
  • The university stated that it took the allegations seriously and imposed sanctions on the players.
  • The baseball program was placed on probation, and the team’s schedule was altered.
• Why it matters: Shows that hazing occurs in athletic programs at faith-based universities, despite religious values.

Football Program Scrutiny (2016–2020)

While not directly tied to hazing, Baylor’s football program faced a major scandal involving sexual assault and a culture of misconduct. This scrutiny led to:

• The firing of head coach Art Briles.
• The resignation of university president Ken Starr.
• A $225 million settlement with multiple victims of sexual assault.
• Why it matters for hazing: The scandal highlighted systemic failures in oversight at Baylor, which can extend to hazing in other programs.

Other Documented Incidents

• Phi Delta Theta (2018): The chapter was placed on probation for hazing violations, including forced physical activity and verbal abuse.
• Kappa Sigma (2017): The chapter was suspended for hazing, including forced alcohol consumption and public humiliation.
• Spirit organizations (2019): Several spirit organizations were investigated for hazing, including forced alcohol consumption and sleep deprivation. Sanctions were imposed, though details remain confidential.

Key takeaways from Baylor’s hazing history:

1. Athletic programs are a major concern, with hazing occurring despite the university’s religious identity.
2. Systemic oversight failures can enable hazing, as seen in the football scandal.
3. Private university status limits transparency, making it harder for families to know about prior incidents.
4. Hazing occurs in both Greek life and spirit organizations, showing that it’s a campus-wide issue.

5.5.4 How a Baylor Hazing Case Might Proceed

If your child is hazed at Baylor, here’s what to expect:

1. Reporting:

• Campus channels: Report to BUPD (254-710-2222), the Office of Student Conduct (254-710-1715), or use the online/anonymous reporting systems.
• Local police: If hazing involved crimes (assault, furnishing alcohol to minors), you can file a report with the Waco Police Department (WPD).
• Criminal investigation: BUPD or WPD will investigate and may refer the case to the McLennan County District Attorney’s Office for prosecution.

2. University disciplinary process:

• The Office of Student Conduct Administration will investigate and may impose sanctions, including:
  • Probation, suspension, or expulsion of individual students.
  • Suspension or loss of recognition for the organization.
• Note: As a private university, Baylor’s process is less transparent than public schools, and families have limited rights to participate or appeal.

3. Civil lawsuit:

• Jurisdiction: Civil lawsuits against Baylor (a private university) are typically filed in state district court in McLennan County.
• Potential defendants:
  • Individual students (especially officers and active participants).
  • The local fraternity/sorority chapter or athletic team.
  • The national fraternity/sorority (if applicable).
  • Baylor University and its Board of Regents.
  • Property owners (if hazing occurred off-campus).
• Evidence needed:
  • Medical records (critical for proving damages).
  • Digital evidence (group chats, texts, social media).
  • Witness statements (other pledges, roommates, bystanders).
  • Prior incident reports (obtained through discovery, as Baylor does not publish a public log).
  • Internal documents (pledge manuals, risk management files, athletic department policies).

4. Insurance coverage fights:

• National fraternities and the university often have insurance policies that may cover hazing claims.
• However, insurers frequently argue that hazing is an intentional act and therefore excluded from coverage.
• Example: In a hypothetical Baylor hazing case, insurers might argue that the university’s prior investigations put them on notice of hazing risks.

5. Potential outcomes:

• Settlement: Most cases settle confidentially. Settlement amounts depend on the severity of harm, strength of evidence, and defendants’ willingness to pay.
• Trial: Rare, but can result in larger verdicts and public accountability.
• Institutional reforms: Settlements often include requirements for anti-hazing education, policy changes, or chapter closures.

5.5.5 What Baylor Students & Parents Should Do

For parents of Baylor students:

1. Know the warning signs of hazing (see Section 8.1), especially for athletic teams, where hazing can be more subtle.
2. Ask specific questions about your child’s activities:
   • “What does your ‘training’ or ‘initiation’ involve?”
   • “Do you feel safe in your organization?”
   • “Have you seen anyone get hurt or humiliated?”
3. Check Baylor’s resources:
   • Baylor Fraternity & Sorority Life: https://www.baylor.edu/studentactivities/index.php?id=965758
   • Review the Student Policies and Procedures for hazing definitions: https://www.baylor.edu/student_policies/
4. If you suspect hazing:
   • Document everything (screenshots, photos of injuries, notes about what your child tells you).
   • Report immediately to BUPD (254-710-2222) and the Office of Student Conduct (254-710-1715).
   • Preserve evidence—do not let your child delete messages or “clean up” their phone.
   • Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours. Evidence disappears fast, and the university moves quickly to control the narrative.
5. Understand your legal options:
   • Criminal report: File with BUPD or WPD.
   • Civil lawsuit: Consult with a lawyer about suing the fraternity, athletic team, university, and individuals.
   • Both: Criminal and civil cases can proceed simultaneously.

For Baylor students:

1. Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, it probably is—especially in tradition-heavy organizations like athletic teams.
2. Know your rights. You have the right to leave any situation that makes you uncomfortable, and you cannot be punished for reporting hazing.
3. Document everything. Screenshot group chats, take photos of injuries, and write down what happens while your memory is fresh.
4. Report safely. You can report hazing anonymously through EthicsPoint (https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/media/en/gui/26560/index.html). If you fear retaliation, tell a trusted adult or contact a lawyer.
5. Get help immediately if you’re hurt. Go to the Baylor Health Center (254-710-1010) or a hospital. Tell medical providers you were hazed—this creates a record.
6. You are not alone. Many students have gone through this and regretted not speaking up sooner. Your courage could save someone’s life.

Fraternities & Sororities: Campus-Specific + National Histories

Hazing isn’t just about individual chapters—it’s often part of a national pattern that fraternities and sororities fail to address. When a Texas chapter repeats the same script that got another chapter shut down or sued in another state, that can show foreseeability and support negligence claims against the national organization.

Below, we’ll examine some of the major fraternities and sororities present at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor, along with their national hazing histories. This information can help families understand the bigger picture behind what’s happening on campus.

Why National Histories Matter

National fraternities and sororities often argue that hazing is the fault of “rogue chapters” and that they had no way of knowing what was happening. However, when a national organization has a pattern of hazing incidents across multiple chapters, courts and juries are more likely to find that the national organization knew or should have known about the risks and failed to take meaningful action.

Key questions for national organizations:

1. Did they have prior warnings? (Incident reports, complaints, media coverage)
2. Did they enforce their anti-hazing policies? (Or were violations met with minimal punishment?)
3. Did they provide meaningful training? (Or was it just a box-checking exercise?)
4. Did they monitor chapters effectively? (Or did they turn a blind eye to red flags?)

Organization Mapping: Major Fraternities and Sororities in Texas

Below is a non-exhaustive list of major fraternities and sororities present at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor, along with their national hazing histories.

Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ / Pike)

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor.
• Brand identity: One of the largest fraternities in the U.S., known for strong alumni networks and leadership programs.
• National hazing history:
  • Stone Foltz (Bowling Green State University, 2021): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning during a “Big/Little” night. Family settled for $10 million ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU).
  • David Bogenberger (Northern Illinois University, 2012): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning during a fraternity event. Family received a $14 million settlement.
  • UH (2025): Leonel Bermudez hospitalized with rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure after brutal hazing. Lawsuit ongoing.
  • Pattern: Pike has a well-documented history of Big/Little alcohol hazing, yet continues to face incidents.
• Why it matters for Texas families: Pike chapters at UH, Texas A&M, and other Texas schools have faced hazing allegations. The UH case shows that Pike’s national pattern is playing out in Texas.

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ / SAE)

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor.
• Brand identity: Known as the “True Gentlemen” fraternity, with a strong emphasis on brotherhood and leadership.
• National hazing history:
  • University of Alabama (2023): Pledge suffered traumatic brain injury during hazing. Lawsuit ongoing.
  • Texas A&M (2021): Pledges suffered severe chemical burns from industrial-strength cleaner. Lawsuit settled confidentially.
  • UT Austin (2018): Chapter placed on probation for hazing, including forced physical activity.
  • Pattern: SAE has faced multiple lawsuits and suspensions for physical hazing and alcohol-related incidents.
• Why it matters for Texas families: SAE’s Texas A&M and UT cases show that the fraternity’s hazing problems are local, not just national.

Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ)

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor.
• Brand identity: Known for its emphasis on academics and leadership.
• National hazing history:
  • Max Gruver (LSU, 2017): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning during a “Bible study” drinking game. Family settled confidentially.
  • Multiple other alcohol-related incidents: Chapters at various schools have been suspended for forced drinking.
  • Pattern: Phi Delta Theta has a pattern of “Bible study” and “family tree” drinking games that lead to alcohol poisoning.
• Why it matters for Texas families: Phi Delta Theta’s LSU case is a warning sign for Texas chapters, especially given the fraternity’s presence at UH, Texas A&M, and other schools.

Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ)

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU.
• Brand identity: Known for its philanthropic efforts, including the Ability Experience (formerly Push America).
• National hazing history:
  • Andrew Coffey (Florida State University, 2017): Pledge died from alcohol poisoning during a “Big Brother Night” event. Family settled confidentially.
  • UH (2025): Leonel Bermudez hospitalized with rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure after brutal hazing. Lawsuit ongoing.
  • Pattern: Pi Kappa Phi has a pattern of Big/Little alcohol hazing, similar to Pike.
• Why it matters for Texas families: The UH case shows that Pi Kappa Phi’s national pattern is happening right now in Texas.

Kappa Alpha Order (ΚΑ)

• Presence in Texas: Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor.
• Brand identity: Known for its Southern heritage and emphasis on chivalry.
• National hazing history:
  • SMU (2017): Chapter suspended for hazing, including paddling and forced alcohol consumption.
  • Texas A&M (2017): Chapter placed on probation for hazing violations.
  • Pattern: Kappa Alpha Order has faced multiple hazing suspensions, including in Texas.
• Why it matters for Texas families: Kappa Alpha Order’s SMU and Texas A&M cases show that the fraternity’s hazing problems are local.

Sigma Chi (ΣΧ)

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor.
• Brand identity: One of the largest fraternities in the U.S., known for its strong alumni network.
• National hazing history:
  • College of Charleston (2024): Family received more than $10 million in damages after a pledge suffered severe hazing, including physical beatings and psychological torment.
  • UT Arlington (2020): Chapter settled a lawsuit after a pledge was hospitalized with alcohol poisoning.
  • Pattern: Sigma Chi has faced multiple lawsuits and suspensions for severe hazing.
• Why it matters for Texas families: The College of Charleston case shows that Sigma Chi’s hazing can lead to massive jury verdicts, which could influence Texas cases.

Kappa Sigma (ΚΣ)

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor.
• Brand identity: Known for its emphasis on leadership and brotherhood.
• National hazing history:
  • Chad Meredith (University of Miami, 2001): Pledge drowned after being persuaded to swim across a lake while intoxicated. Family won a $12.6 million verdict.
  • Texas A&M (2023): Chapter under investigation for hazing involving rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown from extreme physical hazing).
  • Pattern: Kappa Sigma has a pattern of alcohol-related hazing deaths and severe injuries.
• Why it matters for Texas families: The Texas A&M case shows that Kappa Sigma’s national pattern is happening in Texas.

Delta Tau Delta (ΔΤΔ)

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU.
• Brand identity: Known for its emphasis on academics and leadership.
• National hazing history:
  • Timothy Piazza (Penn State, 2017): Pledge died from traumatic brain injuries after a bid-acceptance night with extreme alcohol consumption. Multiple members convicted; national fraternity revoked chapter’s charter.
  • Pattern: Delta Tau Delta has faced multiple hazing suspensions for alcohol-related incidents.
• Why it matters for Texas families: The Penn State case is a warning sign for Texas chapters, especially given Delta Tau Delta’s presence at UH and Texas A&M.

Sororities: Alpha Delta Pi (ΑΔΠ), Chi Omega (ΧΩ), Kappa Kappa Gamma (ΚΚΓ), etc.

• Presence in Texas: UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor.
• National hazing history:
  • While sorority hazing is less publicized than fraternity hazing, it does occur. Examples include:
    • DePauw University (1997): Three Kappa Kappa Gamma members accused of branding pledges with cigarettes.
    • Various incidents: Forced calisthenics, sleep deprivation, public humiliation, and alcohol-related hazing.
• Why it matters for Texas families: Sorority hazing is often more psychological than physical, but it can still cause significant harm. Families should not assume that sororities are “safer” than fraternities.

What Texas Families Can Learn from National Histories

1. Patterns repeat. If a fraternity has a national pattern of Big/Little alcohol hazing (like Pike or Pi Kappa Phi), it’s likely happening in Texas chapters too.
2. National organizations often fail to act. Many fraternities have thick anti-hazing manuals but minimal enforcement. Prior incidents are often met with slap-on-the-wrist punishments (probation, brief suspensions).
3. Prior incidents can strengthen your case. If a Texas chapter repeats the same hazing script that got another chapter sued or shut down, that can show foreseeability and support negligence claims against the national organization.
4. Insurance coverage fights are common. National fraternities often argue that hazing is an intentional act and therefore excluded from coverage. However, experienced hazing attorneys know how to navigate these disputes and force insurers to defend the case.
5. Universities can be held liable too. If a university knew or should have known about hazing (e.g., through prior incidents or complaints), it can be held liable for failing to protect students.

How The Manginello Law Firm Uses National Histories in Texas Cases

At The Manginello Law Firm, we don’t just look at what happened in your child’s case—we look at the bigger picture. Here’s how we use national histories to build stronger cases for Texas families:

1. Identifying patterns: We research the national organization’s hazing history to show that the Texas chapter’s conduct was foreseeable.
2. Uncovering prior warnings: We subpoena national records to find prior incident reports, complaints, and disciplinary actions.
3. Proving negligent supervision: We show that the national organization knew or should have known about the risks but failed to take meaningful action.
4. Navigating insurance coverage: We know how to force insurers to defend hazing cases, even when they try to deny coverage.
5. Connecting the dots: We show how the Texas chapter’s conduct fits into the national organization’s pattern of hazing.

Example: In the UH Pi Kappa Phi case, we’re using the fraternity’s national pattern of Big/Little alcohol hazing to argue that the national organization should have known about the risks and taken stronger action to prevent the UH incident.

Building a Case: Evidence, Damages, Strategy

If your child has been hazed, building a strong legal case requires strategic evidence collection, expert analysis, and aggressive advocacy. Below, we’ll walk you through the key components of a hazing case and how The Manginello Law Firm approaches these complex lawsuits.

7.1 Evidence: The Foundation of Your Case

Evidence is everything in a hazing case. The more evidence you have, the stronger your case will be—and the harder it will be for defendants to deny responsibility. Below are the most critical types of evidence in hazing cases.

Digital Communications

Why it matters: Group chats, texts, and social media messages are often the most powerful evidence in hazing cases. They show:

• Planning: Who organized the hazing and when.
• Intent: What the hazers were thinking and why they did it.
• Pattern: How often hazing occurred and whether it was part of a tradition.
• Knowledge: Who knew about the hazing and when they knew it.

What to preserve:

• Group chats: GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Slack, fraternity/sorority-specific apps.
  • Example: In the UH Pi Kappa Phi case, group chats showed fraternity members discussing the “pledge fanny pack” rule and planning the brutal workouts.
• Text messages/DMs: Individual conversations with hazers, pledges, or bystanders.
• Social media: Instagram DMs, Snapchat messages, TikTok comments, Facebook posts.
  • Example: In the Northwestern football case, social media messages showed a pattern of sexualized hazing.
• Deleted messages: Even if messages are deleted, digital forensics can often recover them.
  • Critical: Do NOT let your child delete messages or “clean up” their phone. Screenshot everything immediately and back it up to cloud storage.

How to preserve digital evidence:

1. Screenshot everything with timestamps and participant names visible.
2. Back up immediately to cloud storage, email, or a trusted family member’s device.
3. Do NOT crop or edit screenshots—show the full context.
4. If messages are disappearing (Snapchat, Instagram vanish mode), screenshot as soon as you see them or use screen recording.

Photos & Videos

Why it matters: Photos and videos provide visual proof of hazing, which can be more compelling than written descriptions.

What to preserve:

• Injuries: Photograph immediately after the incident (before swelling goes down, bruises fade). Take multiple angles and include a scale (coin, ruler, hand).
  • Example: In the Texas A&M SAE case, photos of the pledges’ chemical burns were critical evidence.
• Locations: Where hazing occurred (fraternity house, off-campus venue, retreat location).
• Objects used in hazing: Paddles, alcohol bottles, props, degrading costumes.
• Events in progress: If safe to do so, capture video of hazing acts. Do NOT put yourself in danger to get video.

Medical Documentation

Why it matters: Medical records provide objective proof of injuries and their severity. They’re critical for proving damages.

What to document:

• Emergency room/hospital records: Include admission notes, lab results, imaging (X-rays, CT, MRI), discharge instructions.
  • Example: In the UH Pi Kappa Phi case, Bermudez’s medical records showed critically high creatine kinase (CK) levels, confirming rhabdomyolysis and kidney failure.
• Toxicology reports: Blood alcohol level, drug screens.
• Psychological evaluations: PTSD, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation.
• Follow-up care: Physical therapy, counseling, specialist visits.

Critical step: When seeking medical care, tell providers you were hazed. This creates a record that can be used in your case.

Physical Evidence

Why it matters: Physical items can corroborate your child’s story and show the extent of the hazing.

What to preserve:

• Clothing: Items worn during hazing (may have blood, vomit, chemical stains).
• Objects used in hazing: Paddles, props, alcohol bottles.
• Receipts: Forced purchases (alcohol, costumes, gifts for older members).
• Pledge manuals: If your child was given a pledge manual, save it—it may contain instructions for hazing.

Do NOT:

• Wash clothing before photographing/storing.
• Return paddles or objects to the organization.

Witness Testimony

Why it matters: Witnesses can corroborate your child’s story and provide additional details.

Who to identify:

• Other pledges: Often the most important witnesses, but may be afraid to talk.
• Roommates, friends, significant others: Noticed changes in your child’s behavior or schedule.
• RAs or hall mates: Saw your child coming/going at odd hours.
• Bartenders or venue staff: Saw hazing at off-campus parties.
• Former members: Often willing to testify, especially if they quit or were expelled.
• Emergency responders: EMTs, hospital staff who saw the immediate aftermath.

How to document witness information:

• Full names, phone numbers, email addresses.
• What each person saw or knows.
• Whether they’re willing to testify.

Institutional Records

Why it matters: University and fraternity records can show prior warnings, patterns, and cover-ups.

What to request/obtain:

• University records:
  • Prior discipline of the same chapter (hazing violations, probation, suspensions).
  • Campus police incident reports involving the org or individuals.
  • Clery Act reports (annual safety statistics).
  • Title IX complaints (if hazing involved sex discrimination).
  • Internal emails among administrators about the org.
• National fraternity/sorority records:
  • Prior incident reports from this chapter.
  • Risk management files.
  • Communications between local chapter and nationals.
  • Training materials and policy manuals.
• Third-party records:
  • Bar or venue surveillance footage (if hazing occurred at a commercial location).
  • Landlord records (if hazing occurred at an off-campus rental).

How to obtain these records:

• Public records requests: For public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT), you can file Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests for certain records.
• Discovery: If you file a lawsuit, your attorney can subpoena records from the university, national fraternity, and other parties.
• Anonymous tips: Sometimes, current or former members will share internal documents with families or attorneys.

7.2 Damages: What Families Can Recover

Hazing can cause physical, emotional, and financial harm that lasts a lifetime. Texas law allows victims and families to recover compensation for these damages. Below, we’ll explain the main categories of damages in hazing cases.