The Definitive Texas Hazing & Campus Abuse Guide: What Every United States Family Needs to Know

A Texas Parent’s Worst Nightmare: When Tradition Turns to Trauma

It’s a late-night phone call no parent in United States ever wants to receive. Your child, a student at a respected Texas university, sounds different—exhausted, secretive, afraid. They mention “mandatory” events that interfere with classes, show unexplained bruises, or suddenly need money for mysterious “chapter fees.” When you ask direct questions, you get vague answers or outright lies: “It’s just tradition, everyone does it.” But your gut tells you something is terribly wrong. You’re right to be concerned.

What you’re witnessing may be hazing—a dangerous, illegal practice that has evolved far beyond simple pranks. In Texas right now, families are facing this reality in courtrooms and hospital rooms. Consider what happened just miles from many United States homes at the University of Houston.

Right now, we are actively litigating one of the most serious hazing cases in Texas history. We represent Leonel Bermudez, a University of Houston student who nearly died after Pi Kappa Phi’s Beta Nu chapter subjected him to months of brutal hazing. The allegations in this $10 million lawsuit are harrowing: forced consumption of milk, hot dogs, and peppercorns until vomiting; being sprayed in the face with a hose “similar to waterboarding”; 100+ push-ups and 500 squats under threat of expulsion; and ultimately, rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure that left him hospitalized for four days with brown urine signaling muscle tissue death.

This isn’t an isolated incident from decades past. This case was filed in late 2025. The Pi Kappa Phi chapter was suspended in November 2025, and members voted to surrender their charter days later. The University of Houston called the conduct “deeply disturbing.” Yet the damage was done: a young man’s health permanently compromised, a family traumatized, and another chapter in Texas’ ongoing hazing crisis written.

If you’re a parent in United States—whether your child attends the University of Houston, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, or any Texas campus—this guide is for you. We’ll explain what modern hazing really looks like, how Texas law protects (and sometimes fails) students, what national patterns tell us about institutional accountability, and what legal options exist when prevention fails. We’ll show you why the same fraternities and sororities that operate nationwide present predictable dangers, and how experienced legal counsel can make the difference between cover-up and accountability.

IMMEDIATE HELP FOR HAZING EMERGENCIES

If your child is in danger RIGHT NOW:

Call 911 for medical emergencies
Then call Attorney911: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
-Ralph Manginello’s direct cell: (713) 443-4781
We provide immediate help—that’s why we’re the Legal Emergency Lawyers™

In the first 48 hours:

Get medical attention immediately, even if the student insists they are “fine”
Preserve evidence BEFORE it’s deleted:
- Screenshot group chats, texts, DMs immediately
- Photograph injuries from multiple angles
- Save physical items (clothing, receipts, objects)
Write down everything while memory is fresh (who, what, when, where)
Do NOT:
- Confront the fraternity/sorority
- Sign anything from the university or insurance company
- Post details on public social media
- Let your child delete messages or “clean up” evidence

Contact an experienced hazing attorney within 24–48 hours:

Evidence disappears fast (deleted group chats, destroyed paddles, coached witnesses)
Universities move quickly to control the narrative
We can help preserve evidence and protect your child’s rights
Call 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate consultation

Hazing in 2025: What It Really Looks Like in Texas

Beyond Stereotypes: The Modern Reality

Hazing is no longer just about “hell week” or harmless initiation pranks. In 2025, hazing represents a sophisticated pattern of coercion, abuse, and institutional failure that endangers students across Texas campuses. The fundamental definition remains consistent: any intentional, knowing, or reckless act that endangers physical or mental health for purposes of initiation, affiliation, or maintaining membership in an organization. But the methods have evolved, often hiding in plain sight behind “traditions,” “team building,” or “bonding exercises.”

What makes modern hazing particularly dangerous—and legally complex—is how it blends digital control, psychological manipulation, and physical danger while maintaining plausible deniability. Organizations have become adept at creating “optional” activities that are socially mandatory, using peer pressure and fear of exclusion to compel participation without explicit threats.

The Four Categories of Modern Hazing

1. Alcohol and Substance Hazing
This remains the most common and deadly form of hazing. The “Big/Little” reveal nights, “family tree” drinking games, and alcohol lineups that killed Stone Foltz at Bowling Green and Max Gruver at LSU are the same scripts playing out at Texas parties. What United States families should understand:

Forced consumption games: “Century club” (100 shots of beer), “Bible study” (wrong answers = drinks), vodka eyeballing
Coerced binging: Handles of liquor given to pledges with expectation of consumption
Dangerous combinations: Alcohol mixed with energy drinks, prescription medications, or illicit drugs
Delayed medical care: The most lethal component—fear of “getting the chapter in trouble” prevents 911 calls

2. Physical Hazing
From the Pi Kappa Phi workouts that hospitalized Leonel Bermudez to the Corps “roasted pig” bindings at Texas A&M, physical hazing causes immediate and long-term damage:

Extreme calisthenics: “Smokings” with hundreds of push-ups/squats until collapse
Environmental exposure: Locked in freezers, left outside in extreme weather, submerged in ice baths
Chemical hazing: Industrial cleaners, raw eggs, hot sauce poured on skin (Texas A&M SAE case caused chemical burns requiring skin grafts)
Restraint and bondage: Hog-tying, being tied to furniture, “roasted pig” positions

3. Psychological and Sexualized Hazing
The most humiliating forms that leave deep emotional scars:

Sexualized rituals: Simulated sexual acts, forced nudity, “elephant walks”
Degrading treatment: Wearing diapers, carrying humiliating items (like the “pledge fanny pack” with condoms and sex toys in the UH Pi Kappa Phi case)
Identity-based abuse: Racist, homophobic, or sexist slurs and role-playing
Social isolation: Cutting off contact with non-members, controlling social interactions

4. Digital Hazing
The newest frontier that makes hazing a 24/7 reality:

Group chat tyranny: Mandatory immediate responses at all hours, sleep disruption via notifications
Social media coercion: Forced embarrassing posts, TikTok challenges, compromising photo sharing
Location tracking: Required use of Find My Friends, Life360, Snapchat Maps
Digital humiliation: Meme creation targeting specific pledges, screenshot sharing in private groups

Where Hazing Happens in Texas

While fraternities and sororities dominate headlines, hazing permeates Texas campus life:

Greek Life: IFC fraternities, Panhellenic sororities, NPHC “Divine Nine,” multicultural organizations
Corps of Cadets & ROTC: Military-style traditions at Texas A&M and other campuses
Athletic Teams: Football, basketball, baseball, cheerleading—often under “conditioning” guise
Spirit & Tradition Groups: Texas Cowboys, cheer teams, marching bands
Academic & Honor Societies: Some pre-professional organizations with initiation rituals
Club Sports & Performance Groups: Rugby, lacrosse, dance teams

The common thread across all these organizations: power imbalance between new and established members, tradition justifying danger, and secrecy enforced by group loyalty.

Texas Hazing Law & Liability: What United States Families Must Understand

Texas Education Code Chapter 37: Your Child’s Legal Protection

Texas has specific anti-hazing statutes that provide both criminal penalties and civil liability pathways. For United States families, understanding these laws is crucial for recognizing illegal conduct and pursuing accountability.

§ 37.151 Definition: What Actually Counts as Hazing
Texas law defines hazing broadly as any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, on or off campus, directed against a student that:

Endangers mental or physical health or safety, AND
Occurs for purposes of pledging, initiation, affiliation, holding office, or maintaining membership

Critical implications for United States families:

Location doesn’t matter: Off-campus houses, Airbnbs, retreat centers—all covered
“Reckless” is enough: No need to prove malicious intent
Mental health counts: PTSD, severe anxiety, depression from humiliation qualify
University connection required: The organization must include students

§ 37.155 Consent is NOT a Defense
This is perhaps the most important provision for United States parents to understand: Even if your child “agreed” to participate, it’s still illegal hazing. Texas law explicitly rejects the “they wanted to do it” defense that organizations often use. Courts recognize that peer pressure, desire for belonging, and fear of exclusion create coercive environments where true consent cannot exist.

Criminal vs. Civil Cases: Two Paths to Accountability

Criminal Hazing Prosecutions

Brought by: State prosecutors (DA’s office)
Purpose: Punishment and deterrence
Penalties in Texas:
- Class B Misdemeanor: Basic hazing (up to 180 days jail, $2,000 fine)
- Class A Misdemeanor: Hazing causing injury requiring medical treatment
- State Jail Felony: Hazing causing serious bodily injury or death (180 days–2 years)
Additional charges often filed: Assault, furnishing alcohol to minors, manslaughter in deaths

Civil Hazing Lawsuits

Brought by: Victims and their families
Purpose: Compensation and institutional accountability
Legal theories used:
- Negligence/Gross Negligence
- Wrongful Death
- Negligent Supervision/Hiring
- Premises Liability
- Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress
- Title IX violations (if gender-based)

Why both matter for United States families: Criminal cases can bring personal accountability to perpetrators, but only civil lawsuits can provide compensation for medical bills, therapy, lost educational opportunities, and pain and suffering. The two processes can proceed simultaneously, and a criminal conviction is not required to win a civil case.

Federal Law Overlay: Title IX, Clery, and the Stop Campus Hazing Act

Title IX of the Education Amendments
When hazing involves sexual harassment, assault, or gender-based discrimination, Title IX imposes specific duties on universities:

Prompt investigation of complaints
Supportive measures for victims
Prevention of retaliation
Potential for university liability for deliberate indifference

The Clery Act
Requires universities to:

Report crime statistics including assaults and alcohol violations
Issue timely warnings about ongoing threats
Maintain daily crime logs
Hazing incidents overlapping with these crimes trigger Clery reporting

Stop Campus Hazing Act (2024)
This federal legislation represents the most significant national response to hazing:

Transparency requirements: Colleges must publicly report hazing incidents
Prevention mandates: Strengthened education and policy requirements
Phased implementation: Full reporting required by approximately 2026
Impact for Texas families: Creates searchable database of organizational violations

The Defendant Universe: Who Can Be Held Liable

One of the most important strategic decisions in hazing litigation involves identifying all potentially liable parties. For United States families, this means looking beyond the individual students who inflicted harm.

1. Individual Students

Those who planned, participated in, or concealed hazing
Officers with supervisory responsibility (presidents, pledgemasters, risk managers)
Personal liability: Judgments can follow individuals for years

2. Local Chapters

The campus organization as an entity
Housing corporations that own chapter facilities
Alumni boards that provide oversight and funding

3. National Fraternities/Sororities

Headquarters that set policies, collect dues, provide training
Liability theories: Negligent supervision, ratification of conduct, failure to enforce policies
Pattern evidence critical: Prior incidents at other chapters show foreseeability

4. Universities and Governing Boards

Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT): Sovereign immunity applies but has exceptions
Private universities (SMU, Baylor): Fewer immunity protections
Liability theories: Negligent supervision, Title IX violations, premises liability, deliberate indifference to known risks

5. Third Parties

Property owners/landlords of off-campus houses
Alcohol providers (dram shop liability)
Security companies hired for events
Parents who own properties used for hazing

Insurance Coverage Battles
Where the real financial accountability often gets decided:

General liability policies: May exclude “intentional acts”
Umbrella coverage: Additional layers of protection
Directors & officers policies: Cover organizational leaders
University insurance: Self-insured retention and coverage limits
Our advantage: Mr. Lupe Peña’s background as a former insurance defense attorney means we know exactly how insurers try to deny claims and how to overcome those defenses

National Hazing Case Patterns: What History Teaches Texas Families

The Alcohol Poisoning Pattern: Repeated, Predictable, Deadly

Stone Foltz – Pi Kappa Alpha, Bowling Green State University (2021)

What happened: 20-year-old pledge forced to drink entire bottle of alcohol during “Big/Little” night
Medical outcome: Fatal alcohol poisoning
Legal outcomes: Multiple criminal convictions; $10 million settlement ($7M from Pi Kappa Alpha national, ~$3M from BGSU)
Texas relevance: Pi Kappa Alpha has chapters at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, Baylor. The same “Big/Little” drinking tradition exists here.

Max Gruver – Phi Delta Theta, LSU (2017)

What happened: “Bible study” drinking game where incorrect answers required drinking
Medical outcome: Fatal alcohol poisoning (BAC 0.495%)
Legal outcomes: Criminal convictions; Louisiana passed Max Gruver Act making hazing a felony
Texas relevance: Phi Delta Theta has Texas chapters. “Study” drinking games are common across fraternities.

Andrew Coffey – Pi Kappa Phi, Florida State University (2017)

What happened: Pledge given handle of liquor during “Big Brother Night”
Medical outcome: Fatal alcohol poisoning
Legal outcomes: Criminal charges; FSU suspended all Greek life
Texas relevance: Pi Kappa Phi is the fraternity in our active UH lawsuit. Same national organization, same dangerous traditions.

Physical Hazing: From “Traditions” to Trauma

Chun “Michael” Deng – Pi Delta Psi, Baruch College (2013)

What happened: Blindfolded, weighted “glass ceiling” ritual involving repeated tackling
Medical outcome: Fatal traumatic brain injury
Legal outcomes: National fraternity criminally convicted; banned from Pennsylvania for 10 years
Texas relevance: Shows national organizations can face criminal liability, not just civil.

Danny Santulli – Phi Gamma Delta, University of Missouri (2021)

What happened: “Pledge dad reveal” night with forced excessive drinking
Medical outcome: Permanent catastrophic brain damage (cannot walk, talk, or see; requires 24/7 care)
Legal outcomes: Settlements with 22 defendants; ongoing criminal cases
Texas relevance: Phi Gamma Delta has Texas chapters. Non-fatal catastrophic injuries can result in greater lifetime costs than deaths.

Athletic Hazing: Beyond Greek Life

Northwestern University Football Program (2023–2025)

What happened: Systemic sexualized and racist hazing within football program
Legal outcomes: Multiple lawsuits; head coach fired then settled wrongful-termination suit confidentially
Texas relevance: Major athletic programs at Texas schools have similar power dynamics and secrecy.

What These National Cases Mean for United States Families

Pattern Recognition is Critical

The same scripts (Big/Little nights, drinking games, extreme workouts) repeat across campuses
National organizations know these patterns but often fail to prevent recurrence
Foreseeability becomes a powerful legal argument: “You knew this could happen because it happened at other chapters”

Institutional Responses Follow Tragedy

Legislation (Max Gruver Act, Collin’s Law in Ohio) only passes after deaths
University reforms (FSU Greek suspension) come after media pressure
Proactive prevention is rare; reactive damage control is common

Financial Accountability is Possible

Settlements range from $1 million to $14 million in death cases
Catastrophic injury cases involve lifetime care costs in the tens of millions
Individual officers can face personal liability (Pi Kappa Alpha president ordered to pay $6.5 million personally)

Cover-Up Culture is Universal

Delayed medical care appears in nearly every fatal case
Evidence destruction (deleted messages, coached witnesses) is standard operating procedure
Immediate evidence preservation is the single most important step families can take

Texas University Focus: Hazing Realities at UH, Texas A&M, UT, SMU, and Baylor

University of Houston: Urban Campus, Systemic Challenges

Campus Culture & Greek Life Context
The University of Houston’s commuter-school reputation belies an active Greek community with approximately 40 fraternities and sororities across four governing councils. The urban setting means hazing often moves off-campus to private residences in neighborhoods like the Third Ward, Montrose, and the Pi Kappa Phi house near campus that featured in our Bermudez case.

UH Hazing Policy & Reporting Channels

Official policy: Prohibits hazing on and off campus; defines it broadly per Texas law
Reporting options: Dean of Students Office, UHPD online reporting, Conduct and Academic Integrity
Transparency level: Moderate; maintains conduct records but less public than UT’s dashboard
Key limitation: Heavy reliance on self-reporting; limited proactive monitoring of off-campus activities

Documented Incidents & Institutional Responses

Pi Kappa Phi Beta Nu (2025): Our active case detailed above—chapter closed after hospitalization
Pi Kappa Alpha (2016): Pledge suffered lacerated spleen during hazing; criminal charges filed
Multiple IFC chapters: Probation for alcohol violations, “likely to cause discomfort” activities
Pattern observation: UH tends toward probation and education rather than immediate expulsion

How a UH Hazing Case Proceeds

Jurisdiction: Harris County courts; potential defendants in multiple counties
Police involvement: UHPD for on-campus; HPD for off-campus incidents
Common defendants: Individuals, local chapter, national headquarters, UH System
Strategic consideration: UH’s status as a public university affects sovereign immunity arguments

What UH Parents & Students Should Do

Document exact locations (addresses, not just “the frat house”)
Request UHPD incident reports even for off-campus events if students were involved
Check prior conduct records through public information requests
Understand that urban setting means evidence (security cameras, witness neighbors) may exist beyond campus

Texas A&M University: Corps Culture and Greek Power

Unique Cultural Factors
Texas A&M’s Corps of Cadets creates a parallel hierarchy to Greek life, both with deep traditions that sometimes cross into hazing. The “Aggie identity” emphasizes loyalty and tradition, which can complicate reporting when abuse occurs within valued institutions.

Greek Life at Scale

IFC fraternities: 30+ chapters with significant housing infrastructure
Corps of Cadets: Military-style disciplinary system with documented hazing issues
NPHC organizations: Active Divine Nine presence with different tradition dynamics

Documented Incidents & Responses

Sigma Alpha Epsilon Chemical Burns (2021): Pledges covered in industrial cleaner causing burns requiring skin grafts; chapter suspended; $1 million lawsuit
Corps of Cadets “Roasted Pig” Case (2023): Cadet bound between beds with apple in mouth in simulated sexual position; $1M+ lawsuit
Multiple IFC chapters: Probation for alcohol hazing, forced calisthenics
University response pattern: Internal Corps discipline preferred over criminal referral

Legal Landscape in College Station

Jurisdiction: Brazos County courts influenced by university presence
Unique factors: Corps military jurisdiction questions, university-owned housing
Common defendants: Individuals, Corps units, national fraternities, Texas A&M System
Sovereign immunity considerations: Stronger for university but exceptions exist

Special Considerations for A&M Families

Corps vs. Greek dynamics: Different reporting chains, different tradition justifications
Medical resources: Texas A&M Health Science Center involvement in treatment
Community pressure: Strong alumni networks can influence outcomes
Evidence challenges: Military-style obedience can discourage witness cooperation

University of Texas at Austin: Transparency and Tradition

The Most Transparent Texas University
UT Austin’s public hazing violation dashboard (hazing.utexas.edu) represents the gold standard for transparency in Texas. This resource provides United States families with crucial pattern evidence.

What the Dashboard Reveals (Recent Examples)

Pi Kappa Alpha (2023): New members directed to consume milk and perform strenuous calisthenics; probation imposed
Texas Wranglers (2022): Spirit organization sanctioned for forced workouts and alcohol hazing
Multiple sororities: Probation for “demeaning” activities, sleep deprivation
Pattern: Alcohol violations most common; physical hazing less publicly reported but present

UT’s Greek Ecosystem

Approximately 60 chapters across multiple councils
Significant chapter housing in West Campus area
University oversight: Stronger than many schools but limited off-campus
Historical context: UT has faced high-profile incidents but improved transparency

Legal Advantages for UT Cases

Public records: Dashboard provides pre-incident notice evidence
Expert resources: UT law school, medical school resources available
Austin jurisdiction: Travis County courts experienced with university cases
Media attention: High-profile campus attracts investigative journalism

UT-Specific Action Steps

Check the dashboard first: See if organization has prior violations
Utilize UT resources: Student Conduct Office, Campus Police, Ombudsman
Understand geographic spread: Incidents may occur in Austin, San Marcos, or rural retreats
Medical documentation: UT Dell Medical School records carry weight

Southern Methodist University: Private Privilege and Accountability Gaps

The Private University Dynamic
SMU’s status as a private institution affects everything from transparency to legal liability. The “Dallas bubble” creates insular social dynamics where Greek life dominates campus culture.

Greek Life Dominance

Percentage of students in Greek life: Among highest nationally
Financial factors: Significant alumni funding, expensive housing
Social pressure: Greek affiliation strongly tied to social standing
Oversight challenges: Private property, private funding reduce university control

Documented Incidents

Kappa Alpha Order (2017): Paddling, forced drinking, sleep deprivation; multi-year suspension
Multiple IFC chapters: Social probation, alcohol violations
Less transparency: Private university means fewer public records
Pattern: Violations often handled internally with limited public disclosure

Legal Considerations at SMU

Reduced sovereign immunity: Private status means fewer immunity defenses
Contract law applicability: Student handbook as enforceable contract
Dallas jurisdiction: Experienced corporate litigators often involved
Insurance dynamics: Private endowment affects settlement calculations

SMU Parent Strategies

Review enrollment agreements: Understand contractual obligations
Private investigation often needed: Less public information available
Alumni network awareness: Donors may influence administration
Dallas legal market: Access to sophisticated counsel on both sides

Baylor University: Religious Identity and Institutional Crisis Management

Post-Scandal Landscape
Baylor’s handling of sexual assault scandals provides the backdrop for understanding its hazing response. The university has invested in compliance structures but faces cultural challenges.

Greek Life in Baptist Context

Official stance: Greek organizations as “social” rather than “fraternal”
Membership restrictions: Some national organizations excluded for values conflicts
Oversight structure: Student Activities office with religious integration
Tradition tensions: Christian values vs. Greek tradition conflicts

Documented Incidents

Baseball Team Hazing (2020): 14 players suspended following investigation
Multiple Greek chapters: Probation for alcohol violations, “undignified” activities
Less public reporting: Baptist tradition of handling matters “in house”
Pattern: Athletic hazing appears more documented than Greek

Waco Legal Environment

McLennan County courts: Smaller legal community, university influence significant
Baptist network effects: Shared values across institutional leaders
Insurance considerations: Baptist General Convention of Texas involvement possible
Media landscape: Waco Tribune-Herald coverage vs. national spotlight

Baylor-Specific Considerations

Religious counseling integration: May affect psychological assessment approaches
Honor code implications: Additional conduct violations possible
Transfer considerations: Religious network affects alternative school options
Donor influence: Baptist donor network potentially affects outcomes

The National Organizations Behind Texas Letters: Pattern Evidence That Wins Cases

Why National Histories Matter for Your Texas Case

When your child is hazed by a fraternity at UH, Texas A&M, or any Texas campus, you’re not just dealing with a local student group. You’re facing a national organization with decades of documented hazing incidents, insurance carriers who’ve paid millions in prior claims, and defense attorneys who specialize in protecting these institutions. Understanding this national context transforms your case from “isolated incident” to “predictable pattern.”

Major National Fraternities in Texas: The Pattern Evidence

Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ) – “Pike”

Texas presence: UH, Texas A&M, UT Austin, SMU, Baylor, plus 10+ other campuses
National hazing history: Stone Foltz death (Bowling Green, $10M settlement), multiple other alcohol deaths
Pattern evidence: “Big/Little” drinking nights consistently cause alcohol poisoning
Legal strategy relevance: National knew this script killed before; failure to prevent = negligence

Sigma Alpha Epsilon (ΣΑΕ) – “SAE”

Texas presence: Every major Texas campus
National hazing history: Multiple deaths (Carson Starkey – Cal Poly), traumatic brain injury lawsuit (Alabama)
Texas-specific incidents: Texas A&M chemical burns case, UT Austin assault lawsuit
Pattern evidence: Physical violence alongside alcohol hazing
Notorious fact: Once called “the deadliest fraternity” by Bloomberg

Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ)

Texas presence: UH (now closed), Texas A&M, UT, others
National hazing history: Andrew Coffey death (Florida State)
Current active case: Our UH Bermudez lawsuit
Pattern evidence: Extreme physical hazing causing rhabdomyolysis
Response pattern: Quick chapter closure after incidents

Phi Delta Theta (ΦΔΘ)

Texas presence: Multiple campuses
National hazing history: Max Gruver death (LSU), resulting felony law
Pattern evidence: “Study” drinking games with fatal outcomes

Kappa Alpha Order (ΚΑ)

Texas presence: SMU (suspended), A&M, others
National hazing history: Multiple paddling incidents, alcohol hazing
Pattern evidence: Tradition-bound physical hazing persists despite policies

How We Use National Patterns in Texas Litigation

Establishing Foreseeability
The core negligence argument: “You knew or should have known this would happen.”

Evidence: Prior incident reports to nationals
Method: Discovery requests for national’s “risk management” files
Result: Patterns from other states admissible in Texas courts

Overcoming “Rogue Chapter” Defenses
Nationals argue: “We have policies; this was rogue individuals.”
We counter with:

Dues collection continuing despite knowledge
Inadequate advisor training and oversight
Prior warnings ignored or minimally addressed
Culture perpetuated through national materials

Insurance Coverage Battles
Mr. Lupe Peña’s insurance defense experience proves critical here:

Identifying all applicable policies (chapter, national, university, homeowners)
Anticipating coverage defenses (intentional act exclusions)
Developing alternative liability theories (negligent supervision vs. intentional hazing)
Bad faith claims when insurers wrongfully deny

Punitive Damage Arguments
Texas allows punitive damages for gross negligence or malice:

Evidence of prior incidents shows conscious disregard
Destruction of evidence indicates guilty knowledge
Cover-up attempts demonstrate malice
Inadequate response to prior warnings shows pattern

The Data Advantage: Our Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine

While national patterns matter, local Texas data wins cases. We maintain what we call our Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine—a comprehensive database of Texas Greek organizations built from public records. For United States families, this means we don’t start from scratch when investigating your case.

What Our Database Includes:

IRS B83 Texas Organizations – 125 Registered Entities
These are the legal entities behind Texas Greek life, each with EINs, addresses, and organizational structures. Examples from our database:

Beta Nu Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity Housing Corporation Inc – EIN 46-2267515 – Frisco, TX 75035
Texas Kappa Sigma Educational Foundation Inc – EIN 74-1380362 – Fort Worth, TX 76147
Sigma Chi Fraternity Epsilon Xi Chapter – EIN 74-6084905 – Houston, TX 77204
Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity – EIN 74-6064445 – Nederland, TX 77627 (Epsilon Kappa Chapter)

Texas Universities – 96 Campuses Tracked
We map organizations to specific campuses, understanding where United States families’ students likely attend:

University of Houston (Harris County)
Texas A&M University (Brazos County)
UT Austin (Travis County)
Southern Methodist University (Dallas County)
Baylor University (McLennan County)
Plus 91 other public and private institutions

Metro-Level Greek Organization Mapping
Understanding that hazing cases involve metro-area networks:

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land Metro: 188 Greek organizations
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington Metro: 510 Greek organizations
Austin-Round Rock Metro: 154 Greek organizations
San Antonio Metro: 86 Greek organizations
College Station-Bryan Metro: 42 Greek organizations

Cross-Validated Brand Tracking
Organizations appearing in multiple data sources:

Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority: IRS filings + Cause IQ metro listings
Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi: Multiple campus chapters documented
Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity: Alumni and undergraduate chapters tracked

Why This Matters for Your Case
When we take your case, we already know:

The legal entities behind the fraternity/sorority
The insurance carriers likely involved
The property owners of housing facilities
The alumni networks providing funding and influence
Prior incidents at the same organization across Texas

This isn’t theoretical—it’s how we built the Bermudez case against UH and Pi Kappa Phi, identifying 13 individual defendants plus the university, national headquarters, and housing corporation.

Building a Hazing Case: Evidence, Strategy, and Realistic Expectations

Evidence Collection: The Digital Crime Scene

Modern hazing leaves a digital trail that begins disappearing within hours. Our evidence preservation protocol starts the moment you contact us.

Group Chat Forensics

Platforms: GroupMe (most common), WhatsApp, iMessage, Discord, Slack
Preservation methods: Screenshots, screen recordings, device imaging
Recovery of deleted messages: Digital forensic experts can often retrieve
Metadata analysis: Timing patterns show sleep deprivation, all-hours demands

Social Media Evidence

Content types: Instagram stories, Snapchat snaps, TikTok videos, Facebook posts
Humiliation evidence: Embarrassing challenges, drinking dares, costume posts
Location data: Geo-tags showing off-campus houses, retreat locations
Witness identification: Comments and tags identifying participants

Photo & Video Documentation

Injury progression: Daily photos showing bruise development
Scene evidence: Property damage, alcohol containers, paddles/props
Medical documentation: ER photos with timestamps, chart photographs
Wearable device data: Apple Watch/ Fitbit showing extreme heart rates during “workouts”

Institutional Records

University files: Prior conduct violations, probation records, Clery reports
National fraternity records: Risk management reports, prior incident documentation
Medical records: Comprehensive chart review for hazing mention
Insurance files: Coverage documents, prior claim history

Witness Development

Other pledges: Often cooperative once protected from retaliation
Former members: Those who quit over hazing concerns
Roommates/partners: Observed behavioral changes, injuries
Medical providers: Documentation of patient statements about cause
Emergency responders: EMS reports, police body cam footage

Damages: What Hazing Actually Costs Families

Economic Damages (Quantifiable Losses)

Medical expenses: ER, hospitalization, surgery, ongoing treatment
Future medical care: Lifelong therapy, medications, assistive devices
Lost educational investment: Tuition for interrupted semesters, lost scholarships
Diminished earning capacity: Lifetime earnings reduction for permanent injuries
Therapy costs: PTSD treatment, substance abuse counseling, family therapy

Non-Economic Damages (Quality of Life Losses)

Physical pain and suffering: From injuries and medical procedures
Emotional distress: PTSD, depression, anxiety, humiliation
Loss of enjoyment: Inability to participate in college life, sports, social activities
Reputational harm: Social stigma, online bullying, transfer necessity

Wrongful Death Damages

Funeral and burial expenses
Loss of financial support: Future earnings the student would have provided family
Loss of companionship: Parent-child relationship destruction
Mental anguish: Family’s grief and trauma

Punitive Damages (When Applicable)

Purpose: Punish egregious conduct, deter future hazing
Requirements: Gross negligence or malice proven
Texas caps: Generally limited but exceptions for certain conduct
Strategic value: Settlement leverage even when caps apply

Case Strategy: From Investigation to Resolution

Phase 1: Immediate Crisis Response (0-7 Days)

Evidence preservation emergency measures
Medical treatment coordination
University/interview guidance
Insurance contact protocols
Witness identification and protection

Phase 2: Investigation Development (Weeks 2-8)

Public records requests
Social media investigation
Witness interviews
Expert consultation (medical, digital forensics, Greek life)
Defendant asset/insurance research

Phase 3: Pre-Litigation Demand (Months 3-6)

Comprehensive demand package
Settlement negotiations
Mediation preparation
Litigation budgeting and planning

Phase 4: Litigation (Months 6-24+)

Filing and venue strategy
Discovery planning
Expert designation
Motion practice
Settlement conferences
Trial preparation

Phase 5: Resolution & Accountability

Settlement distribution
Structural reform negotiation (policy changes, monitoring)
Public accountability measures (statements, reforms)
Victim support continuation

Realistic Expectations & Timelines

What We Can Promise

Thorough investigation of all facts
Aggressive pursuit of all liable parties
Clear communication about case progress
Respect for your family’s privacy needs
Contingency fee basis—no fee unless we recover

What We Cannot Promise

Specific settlement amounts (each case unique)
Guaranteed trial outcomes
Complete confidentiality (court filings often public)
Quick resolution (serious cases take 18-36 months)

Typical Timelines

Simple injury cases: 12-18 months to resolution
Serious injury/death cases: 24-36 months
Complex multi-defendant cases: 36+ months
Appeals: Additional 12-24 months if necessary

Factors Affecting Duration

Number of defendants
Insurance coverage disputes
Criminal case coordination
University internal processes
Defendant cooperation level

Practical Guides & FAQs for United States Families

For Parents: Recognizing & Responding to Hazing

Warning Signs Your Child May Be Being Hazed

Physical Indicators:

Unexplained bruises, burns, or injuries with inconsistent stories
Extreme exhaustion disproportionate to academic demands
Sudden weight loss or gain
Sleep deprivation (consistently up late, early wake-up demands)
Injuries to specific body parts (back, thighs from paddling; hands from exercises)
Chemical burns, rashes, or skin damage

Behavioral Changes:

New secrecy about organizational activities
Withdrawal from family and non-member friends
Personality shifts: anxiety, depression, irritability
Defensiveness about the organization
Fear of “letting the chapter down” or “getting brothers in trouble”
Sudden obsession with pleasing older members

Academic Red Flags:

Grades dropping precipitously
Missing classes or falling asleep in class
Skipping assignments for “mandatory” events
Losing scholarships or academic standing

Financial Concerns:

Unexpected large withdrawals for “fines” or “dues”
Purchasing excessive alcohol or items for older members
Maxed credit cards, overdraft fees, urgent money requests

Digital Patterns:

Constant phone monitoring for group chat demands
Anxiety when phone buzzes
Deleting messages or browser history obsessively
All-hours text/call responsiveness demands
Social media posts showing concerning activities

How to Talk to Your Child About Concerns

Effective Approaches:

“How are things going with [organization]? Are you enjoying it?”
“Have they been respectful of your time for classes and sleep?”
“What kinds of activities do new members do?”
“Is there anything that makes you uncomfortable or that you wish you didn’t have to do?”
“Have you seen anyone get hurt, or have you been hurt?”
“Do you feel like you could leave if you wanted to, or would there be consequences?”
“Are they asking you to keep secrets from me or the university?”

What to Avoid:

Accusatory language (“I know you’re being hazed!”)
Ultimatums before understanding the situation
Contacting the organization before gathering facts
Posting concerns on social media
Minimizing their experience (“It’s just part of college”)

If Your Child Confirms Hazing – Immediate Steps

Prioritize Safety: If immediate danger exists, call 911
Medical Attention: Insist on ER visit even if they resist
Evidence Preservation:
- Screenshot ALL digital communications
- Photograph injuries from multiple angles with ruler for scale
- Save physical evidence (clothing, props, receipts)
- Write detailed notes of what they tell you
Reporting Decisions: With your child, decide on:
- Campus police report
- Local police report
- University conduct report
- National organization report
Legal Consultation: Contact us within 24 hours at 1-888-ATTY-911

For Students: Safety, Evidence, and Rights

Is This Hazing? A Self-Assessment

Ask yourself these questions:

Am I being forced or pressured to do something I don’t want to do?
Would I do this if there were no social consequences for refusing?
Is this activity dangerous, degrading, or illegal?
Would the university or my parents approve if they knew exactly what was happening?
Are older members making new members do things they don’t have to do themselves?
Is this “tradition” really about initiation/earning membership, or just fun for older members?
Am I being told to keep secrets, lie, or hide this from outsiders?

If you answer YES to any, it’s likely hazing.

How to Exit Safely

If in Immediate Danger:

Call 911 or campus police
Go to a safe location (dorm, friend’s place, public area)
Text a trusted person your location and situation

If Wanting to Quit/De-pledge:

Tell someone outside the organization FIRST (parent, RA, friend)
Send email/text to chapter president: “I resign my membership effective immediately”
Do NOT attend “one last meeting” or “exit interview”
If fearing retaliation, report those fears to Dean of Students and police

Evidence Collection While Still Involved:

Screenshot group chats as you see them (timestamps visible)
Voice memos of meetings (Texas is one-party consent state)
Photo injuries immediately and over several days
Save everything digital—do NOT delete, even if embarrassing
Document witness names and contact information

Your Legal Rights in Texas

Good Faith Reporter Protection: You cannot be punished for calling 911 for medical emergencies, even if underage drinking was involved
Consent is Not a Defense: Your “agreement” does not make illegal hazing legal
Anti-Retaliation Laws: Harassment or threats after reporting are separate crimes
Statute of Limitations: Generally 2 years from injury, but discovery rule may apply
University Process Rights: Right to advisor, right to present evidence, right to appeal

Critical Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Case

MISTAKE #1: Letting Your Child Delete Evidence

What happens: Messages disappear, photos get deleted, digital trail vanishes
The consequence: Case becomes “he said/she said” without proof
Correct action: Preserve everything immediately; use cloud backup

MISTAKE #2: Confronting the Organization Directly

What happens: They lawyer up, destroy evidence, coach witnesses
The consequence: Turns a winnable case into a cover-up perfected case
Correct action: Document everything, then call us before any confrontation

MISTAKE #3: Signing University “Resolution” Forms

What happens: You waive legal rights for minimal concessions
The consequence: Limited to internal discipline; no compensation for damages
Correct action: NEVER sign anything without attorney review

MISTAKE #4: Posting on Social Media

What happens: Defense attorneys screenshot everything; inconsistencies hurt credibility
The consequence: Weakens case, may waive certain privileges
Correct action: Document privately; let your lawyer control public messaging

MISTAKE #5: Letting Your Child Attend “One Last Meeting”

What happens: Pressure, intimidation, extracting damaging statements
The consequence: Recorded admissions used against your case
Correct action: Once considering legal action, all communication through counsel

MISTAKE #6: Waiting for University Investigation

What happens: Evidence disappears, witnesses graduate, statute runs
The consequence: University controls narrative; real accountability avoided
Correct action: Parallel preservation and investigation while university process continues

MISTAKE #7: Talking to Insurance Adjusters

What happens: Recorded statements used against you; early lowball settlements
The consequence: Undervalued case; admissions harming liability case
Correct action: “My attorney will contact you” is the only response

Frequently Asked Questions

“Can we sue a university for hazing in Texas?”
Yes, under specific circumstances. Public universities (UH, Texas A&M, UT) have sovereign immunity but exceptions exist for gross negligence, Title IX violations, and certain other claims. Private universities (SMU, Baylor) have fewer immunity protections. The key is identifying the right legal theories and defendants. In our UH Pi Kappa Phi case, we’re suing the University of Houston System alongside the fraternity and individuals.

“Is hazing a felony in Texas?”
It can be. Under Texas Education Code § 37.152, hazing that causes serious bodily injury or death is a state jail felony (180 days to 2 years incarceration). Less severe hazing is a misdemeanor. Additionally, individual officers can face charges for failing to report hazing they knew about.

“What if my child ‘agreed’ to participate?”
Consent is not a defense in Texas. Education Code § 37.155 explicitly states this. Courts recognize that power imbalance, peer pressure, and fear of exclusion mean true voluntary consent rarely exists in hazing contexts. This is why we emphasize this point—it directly counters the most common defense.

“How long do we have to file a lawsuit?”
Generally 2 years from the date of injury or death in Texas personal injury cases. However, the “discovery rule” may extend this if the harm or its cause wasn’t immediately known. In hazing cases with cover-ups, this rule often applies. Regardless, time is critical—evidence disappears rapidly.

“What if the hazing happened off-campus?”
Location doesn’t eliminate liability. Universities and national organizations can still be liable based on sponsorship, control, and foreseeability. Many landmark hazing cases (Pi Delta Psi retreat, Sigma Pi unofficial house) occurred off-campus and resulted in substantial judgments.

“Will my child’s name be public?”
Most hazing cases settle confidentially before trial. We can request sealed court records and confidential settlement terms. While initial filings may be public, we prioritize privacy throughout the process. In our UH case, media coverage occurred because the family chose to speak publicly.

“How much does it cost to hire your firm?”
We work on a contingency fee basis for personal injury cases, including hazing litigation. This means:

No upfront costs or hourly fees
We cover all case expenses initially
We only get paid if we recover money for you
Our fee is a percentage of the recovery
If we don’t win, you owe us nothing

“Do you handle cases outside Texas?”
Yes. While we’re Texas-based with offices in Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, we handle hazing cases nationwide through:

Direct representation for Texas-connected cases
Co-counsel arrangements with local attorneys in other states
Consultation for families anywhere in the U.S.
If your case has Texas connections (national HQ here, Texas-based insurance, etc.), we may serve as lead counsel.

Why The Manginello Law Firm for Your Texas Hazing Case

We’re Not Just Personal Injury Lawyers—We’re Institutional Litigators

When your family faces a hazing case, you need more than a general personal injury lawyer. You need attorneys who understand how powerful institutions fight back—and how to win anyway. Here’s why United States families choose us:

Insurance Insider Advantage: Mr. Lupe Peña’s Defense Background
Mr. Lupe Peña spent years as a defense attorney at a national insurance defense firm. He knows exactly how fraternity and university insurance companies:

Value (and undervalue) hazing claims
Use delay tactics to pressure families
Argue coverage exclusions for “intentional acts”
Deploy independent medical exams to minimize injuries
We know their playbook because we used to run it.

Complex Institutional Litigation Experience: Ralph Manginello’s Track Record
Ralph Manginello is one of the few Texas attorneys involved in BP Texas City explosion litigation—taking on billion-dollar corporations with unlimited legal budgets. That same experience applies directly to hazing cases against:

National fraternities with deep pockets
University systems with institutional protections
Insurance carriers with sophisticated defense teams
We’re not intimidated by powerful defendants.

Texas Hazing Intelligence Engine: Our Investigative Advantage
While other firms start from scratch, we deploy our proprietary database tracking:

1,423 Greek organizations across 25 Texas metros
125 IRS-registered Texas Greek entities with EINs and addresses
96 Texas university campuses and their Greek ecosystems
Cross-validated brand tracking showing organizational networks
We already know the entities behind the letters.

Dual Civil/Criminal Capability: HCCLA Membership Matters
Ralph’s membership in the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association signals:

Understanding of criminal hazing charges and defenses
Ability to advise witnesses with potential criminal exposure
Relationships with prosecutors when criminal referrals are appropriate
We navigate both legal tracks when necessary.

Proven Results in Catastrophic Cases

Multi-million dollar wrongful death settlements
Lifetime care planning for catastrophic injuries
Economist collaboration for lost earning capacity
We don’t settle cheap—we build cases that force accountability.

Our Approach: Empathy Meets Aggressive Advocacy

What Makes Hazing Cases Different
We understand that hazing cases involve unique challenges:

Digital evidence dynamics: Messages disappear within hours
Witness intimidation: Peer pressure extends to testimony
Institutional protection: Universities prioritize reputation
Trauma considerations: Victims often blame themselves
Tradition defenses: “This is how it’s always been done”

How We Address These Challenges

Immediate evidence preservation protocols starting with your first call
Witness protection strategies including temporary restraining orders if needed
Media strategy that controls narrative without compromising case
Trauma-informed client interaction recognizing psychological harm
Tradition deconstruction showing how “custom” doesn’t excuse danger

Our Philosophy: Accountability and Prevention
While compensation matters, we believe hazing cases should achieve:

Individual accountability for those who caused harm
Institutional reform to prevent recurrence
Public awareness to help other families
Closure and healing for victims
Deterrence through meaningful consequences

Spanish-Language Services Available
Mr. Lupe Peña speaks fluent Spanish and can provide full legal services in Spanish. Families can contact him directly at lupe@atty911.com for consultation in Spanish.

What to Expect When You Contact Us

Your Free Initial Consultation
When you call 1-888-ATTY-911, you’ll speak directly with an attorney who will:

Listen to your story without judgment
Explain your legal options in plain English
Discuss evidence preservation steps you can take immediately
Answer questions about process, timing, and costs
Provide honest assessment of case strengths and challenges
No pressure to hire us—take time to decide

If We Take Your Case

Immediate evidence preservation protocols implemented
Comprehensive investigation launched within 24 hours
Regular communication—we update clients every 2-3 weeks
Clear fee agreement explaining contingency terms
Team approach with Ralph Manginello and Lupe Peña both involved
Respect for your privacy and trauma recovery needs

Our Communication Commitment
We believe informed clients make better decisions. You can expect:

Direct attorney access, not paralegal runaround
Regular case updates (minimum every 2-3 weeks)
Prompt responses to your questions
Clear explanations of legal strategies
Honest assessments of developments, good or bad

Call to Action: Your Next Steps

If Hazing Has Impacted Your Family

You don’t have to navigate this alone. Whether you’re in United States or anywhere across Texas, we’re here to help.

Contact The Manginello Law Firm for a Confidential Consultation

By Phone:

24/7 Emergency Line: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct Office: (713) 528-9070
Ralph Manginello’s Cell: (713) 443-4781

Online:

Website: https://attorney911.com
Contact Form: https://attorney911.com/contact/
Practice Area Info: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/

By Email:

Ralph Manginello: ralph@atty911.com
Lupe Peña (Spanish services): lupe@atty911.com

Office Locations:

Houston: 24/7 availability
Austin: By appointment
Beaumont: By appointment
Virtual Consultations: Available statewide

What You Can Do Right Now

Preserve Evidence: Screenshot everything; photograph injuries; save physical items
Document Details: Write down names, dates, locations, what happened
Seek Medical Care: Even if injuries seem minor, get documentation
Avoid Social Media: Do not post about the incident
Do Not Sign Anything: From university, organization, or insurance company
Call Us: 1-888-ATTY-911 for immediate guidance

Remember These Key Points

Consent is NOT a defense to hazing in Texas
You have 2 years generally to file a lawsuit, but evidence disappears much faster
Universities often prioritize their reputation over your child’s wellbeing
National fraternities have insurance and defense lawyers ready to fight
Digital evidence is fragile—preserve it immediately
You are not alone—this happens to families across Texas every year
Accountability is possible—we’re proving it in court right now with our UH Pi Kappa Phi case

Our Promise to United States Families

We will:

Listen to your story with compassion and respect
Investigate thoroughly using all available resources
Pursue every liable party aggressively
Communicate clearly about your case progress
Fight for both compensation and accountability
Respect your privacy and healing process
Never charge a fee unless we recover money for you

The trauma of hazing doesn’t end when the incident stops. The medical bills, psychological damage, educational disruption, and family stress continue. You deserve attorneys who understand this isn’t just a legal case—it’s about your child’s future, your family’s wellbeing, and preventing this from happening to others.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney–client relationship between you and The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC.

Hazing laws, university policies, and legal precedents can change. The information in this guide is current as of late 2025 but may not reflect the most recent developments. Every hazing case is unique, and outcomes depend on the specific facts, evidence, applicable law, and many other factors.

If you or your child has been affected by hazing, we strongly encourage you to consult with a qualified Texas attorney who can review your specific situation, explain your legal rights, and advise you on the best course of action for your family.

The Manginello Law Firm, PLLC / Attorney911
Houston, Austin, and Beaumont, Texas
Call: 1-888-ATTY-911 (1-888-288-9911)
Direct: (713) 528-9070 | Cell: (713) 443-4781
Website: https://attorney911.com
Email: ralph@atty911.com

Plain Text Links to Key Resources

News Coverage of the Leonel Bermudez / UH Pi Kappa Phi Hazing Lawsuit:

Attorney911 Educational YouTube Videos:

Evidence preservation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLbpzrmogTs
Statute of limitations: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRHwg8tV02c
Client mistakes to avoid: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3IYsoxOSxY
Contingency fee explanation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upcI_j6F7Nc

Attorney911 Main Website & Practice Areas:

Main website: https://attorney911.com
Wrongful death practice: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/wrongful-death-claim-lawyer/
Criminal defense practice: https://attorney911.com/law-practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers/
Ralph Manginello profile: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/ralph-manginello/
Lupe Peña profile: https://attorney911.com/attorneys/lupe-pena/